Unit5Whatanadventure!教材长难句解析学案高中英语

Book3Unit5Whatanadventure!教材长难句解析1.Lastyear,hundredsofpeoplespentgoodmoneyonanexperiencethattheyknewwouldincludecrowds,disfortanddanger.(P66)明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。【句式解析】that引导定语从句Lastyear,hundredsofpeoplespentgoodmoneyonanexperiencethattheyknewwouldinclude时间状语主语谓语宾语介词介词宾语主语插入语谓语that引导定语从句crowds,disfortanddanger.宾语本句为主从复合句。主句：Lastyear,hundredsofpeoplespentgoodmoneyonanexperience.【考点一】that引导定语从句修饰先行词anexperience。【考点二】句型spend...on...通常表示在某物或某事上花费时间、金钱或精力。【词块点拨】hundredsof数百goodmoney很多钱theyknew插入语现象2.Forthesepeople,climbingQomolangmaisanexperiencelikenoother,makingsomefeelweakandothers,powerful.(P67)对于这些人而言，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一次独一无二的体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。【句式解析】Forthesepeople,climbingQomolangmaisanexperiencelikenoother,状语主语系动词表语makingsomefeelweakandothers,powerful.现在分词作状语宾语宾补并连宾语宾补make的复合结构本句主句：climbingQomolangmaisanexperiencelikenoother.。【考点一】climbingQomolangma动名词短语作主语。【考点二】现在分词作状语结构：making+宾语+宾补（由and连接的两个宾语和宾补）。【词块点拨】likenoother（介词短语）与众不同，独一无二3.BritishmountainclimberGeorgeMallorywroteofclimbingQomolangma,“Whatwegetfromthisadventureisjustsheerjoy...Wedonotlivetoeatandmakemoney.Weeatandmakemoneytobeabletoenjoylife.Thatiswhatlifemeansandwhatlifeisfor.”(P67)英国登山者乔治·马洛里曾这样记述攀登珠峰的体验：“我们从这次冒险活动中得到的是纯粹的快乐……我们活着不是为了吃饭和赚钱。我们吃饭和赚钱是为了能够享受生活。这才是生活的意义和目标。”【句式解析】同位语what引导主语从句BritishmountainclimberGeorgeMallorywroteofclimbingQomolangma,“Whatwegetfromthisadventureis主语谓语动名词短语作宾语主语系双引号内为直接引语justsheerjoy...Wedonotlivetoeatandmakemoney.Weeatandmakemoneytobeabletoenjoylife.表语what引导两个并列的表语从句直接引语中的两个单句Thatiswhatlifemeansandwhatlifeisfor.”主语系表语并列连词表语本句主句：BritishmountainclimberGeorgeMallorywroteofclimbingQomolangma.双引号内为直接引语。【考点一】writeof相当于writeabout，“写（关于……)”。【考点二】what引导的3个从句：第一个是主语从句，第二、三个是表语从句。【词块点拨】sheerjoy真正的快乐makemoney赚钱beabletodo能够做某事4.ItisstillnotknownifhesucceededinreachingthetopofQomolangmabeforeittookhislife.(P67)至今人们也不知道他生前是否成功登顶了珠峰。【句式解析】if引导主语从句ItisstillnotknownifhesucceededinreachingthetopofQomolangmabeforeittookhislife.主系状表主谓语宾语before引导时间状语从句本句为主从复合句。主句:Itisstillnotknown.【考点一】it为形式主语,代替if引导的真正的主语从句。注意：如果放于句首，只能用whether引导主语从句。【考点二】before为连词,引导时间状语从句。【词块点拨】if“是否”succeededindoingsth.做某事成功takeone’slife夺去某人的命，杀掉某人WiththemajorityofattemptstoclimbQomolangmaresultingeitherintotalsuccessorfailure,istherealsoascientificreasonbehindthisrisktaking?(P67)攀登珠穆朗玛峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为的背后是否有科学解释？【句式解析】with复合结构WiththemajorityofattemptstoclimbQomolangmaresultingeitherintotalsuccessorfailure,介词宾语不定式作定语宾补istherealsoascientificreasonbehindthisrisktaking?Therebe疑问结构主语本句为therebe句型。主句：Istherealsoascientificreasonbehindthisrisktaking?【考点一】with的复合结构作状语，因resulting与attempts之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词。【考点二】此为therebe句型的一般疑问句结构，在段落中具有衔接功能，即通过概括探险成败情况承接前文，再通过设问引发读者对探险者冒险行为的动机进行深层思考，引出下文的研究结果和分析。【词块点拨】themajorityof结构主谓一致：（1）themajorityof+复数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词用复数；（2）“themajorityof+不可数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词用单数；（3）“themajorityof+集合名词”用作主语时,谓语动词可用单数（视为整体）或复数（考虑其个体）。either...or...“不是……便是……,或者……或者……”。either...or...连接两个主语时，采用“就近一致原则”，其谓语动词应与近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。变成一般疑问句，动词形式与邻近主语保持一致。Hereferstothepersonalitiesofthesepeopleas“TypeT”,withthe“T”standingfor“thrill”.(P68)他把这些人的人格特征称为“T型人格”，“T”代表“刺激”。【句式解析】状语介词with复合结构Hereferstothepersonalitiesofthesepeopleas“TypeT”,withthe“T”standingfor“thrill”.主语谓语宾语介词宾语介词宾语宾补本句为简单句。主干为:Herefersto...as...【考点一】refersto...as...结构，含义为“把……称作……；称呼……为……”。【考点二】“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构。【词块点拨】referto指的是；参考，参看；涉及，谈及standfor代表；象征；表示；是…的缩写Researchalsosuggeststhatourdesiretoseekriskscanbeconnectedtohowmuchweexpecttobenefitfromtheresult.(P68)研究还表明，我们对于冒险的渴望与我们期待从中获得多少收益有关。【句式解析】that引导宾语从句Researchalsosuggeststhatourdesiretoseekriskscanbeconnectedtohowmuchweexpecttobenefitfromtheresult.主语谓语主语定语谓语(to)介词宾语(howmuch引导宾语从句)本句为主从复合句；主句：Researchalsosuggests(that...).【考点一】Researchalsosuggeststhat...“研究表明（显示）……”。本文第4段中也有类似句型用法：Recentstudiesindicatethatrisktakingmaybepartofhumannature,withsomeofusmorelikelytotakerisksthanothers.。【考点二】情态动词被动结构；介词后接宾语，如果宾语由句子来充当，即为宾语从句。即howmuch引导宾语从句。【考点三】不定式作定语结构。ourdesiretoseekrisks中不定式toseekrisks作定语修饰ourdesire。【词块点拨】beconnectedto相当于beconnectedwith/berelatedto，表示“与……有关”。expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事benefitfrom从……中受益8.Thelight,whichlitthesoilthirtyfeetbelowthesurfaceoftheocean,astonishedmebyitspower.(P75)阳光可以照到了海面下三十英尺的地方，这股力量使我震惊。【句式解析】which引导非限制性定语从句状语Thelight,whichlitthesoilthirtyfeetbelowthesurfaceoftheocean,astonishedmebyitspower.主语主谓宾定本句是一个主从复合句；主句：Thelightastonishedmebyitspower.定语从句：which引导【考点一】which引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词light（作主语）。【考点二】mostofthemJewish为独立主格结构“代词＋形容词”。独立主格结构是由一个相当于主语的名词或代词（逻辑主语）加上非谓语动词、形容词（副）词、或介词短语构成的一种独立成分。【词块点拨】lightn.光；光源；光线；照明v.照亮；照明；使明亮；点燃adj.轻的；轻便的；少量的；轻柔的astonish使惊讶；使大为惊奇；使大吃一惊（近义词：surprise,amaze,astound,startle,stun）【巧学助记】巩固训练1．________(kick)awetfootballcanhurtyourfootifyouarenotcareful.2．Theteacherraisedhisvoicesothathecouldmadehimself________(hear)．3．Notonlyhisparentsbutalsohisbrother________(go)totheSummerPalace，theyhaven'tbeenbackyet.4．NotonlyhebutalsoI________(be)fondofplayingthepiano.5．Hemadehimself________(hear)byraisinghisvoice.6．Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmade________possibleforlifetodevelop.7．It'snouse________(lie)tome.Iwon'tbelieveyou.8．Shegavemea________(determine)look—thekindoflookthatsaidshewouldneverchangehermind.9．Whenthingsgowrong,allofusnaturallyfeel________(disappoint)andfrustrated.10．Hearingthe________(disappoint)news,hewastoosadtocontrolhimself.【答案】1.Kicking 2.heard 3.hasgone 4.am 5.heard6.it 7.lying 8.determined