江苏省常熟市高一下学期期中英语试题（原卷版）

2021~2022学年第二学期期中试卷高一英语注意事项：1.本试卷分为选择题和非选择题，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.请将选择题的答案填涂在答题卷上，非选择题请直接在答题卷上规定的地方作答，答题前，务必将自己的学校、姓名、考试号等相关信息写在答题卡上规定的地方。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whathappenedthismorning?A.Thewomanquarreledwithherboss.B.Thewomanoverslept.C.Thealarmclockdidn'tgooff.2.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.Herhat.B.Hercoat.C.Hergloves.3.Whereisthemangoingprobably?A.Toahotelbar.B.Tohisroom.C.Toarestaurant.4.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$15.B.$30.C.$60.5.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Readingabook.B.Readingaletter.C.Collectingmoney.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Thereisnohotwater.B.Theshowerhandlecan'tbeturned.C.Thebreakfastisratherbad.7.Whatwillthewomandothismorning?A.Washherclothes.B.Havesomeappointments.C.Haveherhaircut.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Ataschool.B.Atacinema.C.AtLily'shouse.9.Whatmovieawardshowdoesthewomaninvitethemantowatch?A.TheHundredFlowersAwards.B.TheCannesFilmFestival.C.TheGoldenRoosterAwards.10.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutmovieawardshows?A.Theactors.B.Thedresses.C.Thestage.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdidthewomandoafterfailingtofindhercar?A.Shewenttothepolicestation.B.Shecalledthepoliceforhelp.C.Shetooktheundergroundbackhome.12.Whywasthewomanunabletofindhercar?A.Becauseshehadthecarstolen.B.Becauseshehadthecarpulledaway.C.Becauseshetookthewrongexit.13.Howdidthewomanfeelthatday?A.Happy.B.Silly.C.Angry.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Brotherandsister.C.Friends.15.Whatcanweknowaboutthewoman?A.She'stheonlychild.B.She'stheyoungestchild.C.She'stheeldestchild.16.What'sthemainreasonwhythemanwantsasecondchild?A.Reducingtheagingpopulation.B.Solvingthelaborshortageproblem.C.Keepinghissonpany.17.Whatworriestheman'swifemostinhavingasecondchild?A.Theinfluenceonhercareer.B.Thehighcostofchildcareandliving.C.Thebalancebetweenherworkandfamily.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?A.Tohelpstudentsprepareforthereallife.B.Toteachstudentstowriteapplicationletters.C.Toletstudentsknowaboutsometypicaljobs.19.Whowillhelpstudentstowriteapplicationletters?A.Ateacher.B.Theheadmaster.C.Amemberofthemittee.20.Whatisthelaststepofdoingtheproject?A.Makealistofsuitablejobs.B.Gatherstudents'opinions.C.Askstudentstotakeonresponsibility.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheCurbcutEffect(路缘坡效应)referstothefactthatsupportingsmallgroupsofpeopleoftenendsuphelpingmuchlargerrangesofsociety.Curbcuts:EasingthewalkingInthe1940s,hundredsofthousandsofWorldWarⅡsoldiersreturnedhomewithdisabilities.Disappointedbythedifficultiestheyfaced,JackFisherofKalamazoo,Michigan,asoneofthem,askedhiscitygovernmenttobuildanexperimentalcurbcutagentleslopethatbringstheendofasidewalkdowntomeetthelevelofthestreetatthecornersofseveralblocksdowntown.Afewmonthslater,Fisherreportedthatevenresidentswithoutwheelchairswereenjoyingtheimpactofthelittleslopes.Readingmachines:GettingthemessageIn1976,technologistRayKurzweilinventedamachinefortheblindandvisuallydamagedtochangeimagesintotextthatitthenreadaloud.SmartspeakerswiththosevoicesarenowinroughlyonequarterofUShomes.Bydetectingstreetsignsandhousenumbers,itishelpingbuildthemapsthatselfdrivingcarsusetonavigatetheworld.Closedcaptions(字幕):FollowingtheconversationSearslaunchedthefirstTVwithabuiltinequipmentthatalloweddeafandhardofhearingviewerstoreadalongwiththeirfavoriteprogramsin1980.Inthe1990s,textbecameincreasinglymonasDVDsand,later,streamingservicesaddedtheabilitytoswitchthewordsonatwill.A2006surveyfoundthatonlyaround20percentofthepeopleusingcaptionshadhearingproblems.DeafSpacedesigns:KeepingthingsquietMorethan150designsoftheDeafSpaceProjectcamefromarchitectHanselBauman.Oneaimistocleardistractingnoises,whichcanmakeitdifficultforpeopletousetheirlimitedhearingabilities.Bykeepingconversationsandothersounddisturbancesfromwalkingandjumpingaroundtheroom,thesewaysalsomakeiteasierforallsortsofstudentsandworkerstofocus.CLICKHEREFORMOREINFORMATION1.Whowerethefourinventionsinitiallyintendedtoserve?A.Thearmy. B.Specialgroups. C.Allhumanbeings. D.Professionals.2.WhatmightbeJackFisher?A.Acitydesigner. B.Acitygovernor. C.Adisabledsoldier. D.Anordinaryroadman.3.Whoseinventionhelpspeopletoconcentrate?A.Sears'. B.JackFisher's. C.RayKurzweil's. D.HanselBauman's.BGrowingupinaJamaicanAmericanhousehold,foodwasanimportantpartofmychildhood.Iremembermygrandmotherpreparingfrieddumplingsandcurrymutton,jazzmusicplayinginthebackground.Foodwasourgreatesttreasure.Foodbroughtthefamilytogether.Foodcelebratednewbeginningsandeasedthewoundsoflife’suntimely(过早的)endings.WhenIwas8,Iwasdiagnosedwithamuscledisease,whichcausedmetospendmostofmychildhoodinhospitalroomsandwheelchairs,slowlygainingweightbyswallowingprednisone(泼尼松药)hiddeninsidemintchocolatechipicecream.Mymommadeitherdutytohelpmelosetheweightthroughstrictdieting.I’vetriedeverysingleone.Infairness,mymotherdidthebestshecould.Asasinglemom,shefeltthisbroughtuscloser.However,asanadult,Ibegantoexperienceaparalyzingfearoffood.My“I’llstartanewdietonMonday”mindsetlastedfor16yearsasIuncontrollablyateandabusedmybody.IwasworriedthatIwasnotattractiveenough.Soobsessed(困扰的)andafraidnoonewouldhiremeasanactressifIdidn’twinthebattlewiththenumbersonthescale,inFebruary2011,Iattemptedtokillmyselfandlandedinthehospitalformultipledays.Wedoextremethingstoourbodiesbecauseofthosenumbers.Numbersthatcannottalkwithusorloveus.Ihavehadtostopjudgingmybelly,stopstarvingmyself,stopgettingonthescaleandstaringatthosenumbers.IhaveetotherealizationthatmylifeismoreimportantthanthosenumbersonthescaleandthatthequalityofthelifeIliveismoreimportantthanhowIlookinthemirror.4.Whatroledidfoodplayinauthor’schildhood?A.Ithealedherphysicalwounds. B.Itstrengthenedthefamilybond.C.Itwasasourceoffamilyine. D.Itmarkedtheendofsomeone’slife.5Whatmadethemotherfeelclosertoherdaughter?A.Makingcookingherdailyduty. B.Raisingtheauthorasasinglemom.C.Limitingtheauthortoastrictdiet. D.Preparinghealthyfoodfortheauthor.6.Whydidtheauthorwanttokillherself?A.Becauseshehatedfood.B.Becauseshelostthebattlewithherdisease.C.Becauseshewasconcernedthatshewouldnotgetajob.D.Becauseshewasworriedaboutherworseninghealthstate.7.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutherweightnow?A.Nervous. B.Satisfied. C.Worried. D.Unconcerned.CAspeopleacrosstheglobestruggledwithhigherlevelsofstress,depressionandanxietythispastyear,manyturnedtotheirfavoritefortfoods:icecream,pizza,hamburgers.Butstudiesinrecentyearssuggestthatthehighsugarandhighfatfoodswhenwearestressedordepressed,asfortingastheymayseem,aretheleastlikelytobenefitourmentalhealth.Instead,wholefoodssuchasvegetables,fruit,fish,eggs,nutsmaybeabetterbet.Historically,nutritionresearchhasfocusedlargelyonhowthefoodsweeataffectourphysicalhealth,ratherthanourmentalhealth,though.Overtheyears,largepopulationstudieshavefoundthatpeopleassignedtofollowaMediterraneandietforthreemonthshadgreaterreductionsinsymptomsofdepressionafterthreemonthsparedtoacontrolgroup.Publichealthexpertsaroundtheworldhavestartedencouragingpeopletoadoptlifestylebehaviorslikeexercise,soundsleep,ahearthealthydietandavoidingsmokingthatmayreduceinflammation(发炎)andhavebenefitsforthebrain.Individualcliniciansarealreadyincludingnutritionintotheirworkwithpatients.Dr.DrewRamsey,aclinicalprofessorattheColumbiaUniversity,beginshismeetingswithnewpatientsbyexploringtheirdiet.Heaskswhattheyeat,learnstheirfavoritefoods,andfindsoutiffoodsthatheconsidersimportantfortheconnectionaremissingfromtheirdiets,suchasplants,seafood.Dr.Ramseysaidhedoesnotwatpeopletothinkthattheonlyfactorinvolvedinbrainhealthisfood.“Lotsofpeoplegettheirfoodexactlyrightliveveryactivelives,andstillhavesignificanttroubleswiththeirmentalhealth,”hesaid.Buthealsoteachespeoplethatfoodcanbeempowering.“Wecan’tcontrolourgenes,”hesaid.“Butwecancontrolhowweeat,andthatgivespeopleactionablethingsthattheycandototakecareoftheirbrainhealthonadailybasis.”8.Whatdopreviousnutritionstudiesmainlyfocuson?A.Howourdietsaffectourmentalhealth. B.Howourdietsaffectourphysicalhealth.C.Howourmentalhealthaffectsourdiets. D.Howourphysicalhealthaffectsourdiets.9.Whyareindividualcliniciansincludingnutritionintotheirworkwithpatients?A.Theytrytocatertotheirpatients’needs.B.Theyarequestioningpublichealthexperts.C.Theywanttoprovetheeffectivenessofhealthydiets.D.Theyhaveacceptedthefindingsoflargepopulationstudies.10.WhichofthefollowingmightDr.Ramseyagreewith?A.Someconnectionexistsbetweenourdietsandmentalhealth.BPeoplecancontroltheirgenesaswellashowtheyeat.C.Peoplelivingactiveliveswillnothavementalproblems.D.Eatingahealthydietisgoingtocuredepression.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Peoplewithanxietyusuallyturntofoodforfort.B.Thedailydietisthefactorconnectedwithbrainhealth.C.Controllingthewayweeatislikelytobenefitourmentalhealth.D.Havingahighsugardietcanreducesymptomsofdepression.DThisseason,thebushfiresinAustraliahaveburnedmorethan12.35millionacresofland.Atleast25peoplehavebeenkilledand2000homesdestroyed.AccordingtotheBBC,thisisthemostcasualties(伤亡)fromwildfiresinthecountrysince2009.TheUniversityofSydneyestimatesthat480millionanimalshavediedinSouthWalesalone.ZekeHausfather,anenergysystemsanalystandclimateresearcheratBerkeleyEarth,saidwarmertemperaturesandextremeweatherhavemadeAustraliamoresusceptibletofiresandincreasedthelengthofthefireseason.“Thedrierconditionsbinedwithrecordhightemperaturesin2019createdmainconditionsforthedisastrousfires.Australia’sfireswereworsenedbythebinationofthosetwo.2019wastheperfectstormforbeingthewarmestyearonrecordforAustraliaandthedriestyearonrecordforAustralia,”HausfatheraddedonFriday.KevinTrenberth,aseniorscientistattheUSNationalCenterforAtmosphericResearch,saidwarmeroceantemperaturesalsocontributedtomorevariableweatheraroundtheworld.Trenberthbelievesthatglobalwarmingcontributedtoenergyimbalancesandhotspotsintheoceans,whichcancreateawaveintheatmospherethatlocksweatherpatternsinplaces,causinglongerraineventsinIndonesia,forexample,andatthesametimecontributingtodroughtinAustralia.Hesaidthatonceanareaexperiencesdroughtconditionsfortwomonthsormore,itincreasestheriskoffirescatchingandspreading.Thosechangingweatherpatternsduetoglobalwarmingmakedroughteventslonger.Climateexpertsstressthatclimatechangeisnottheonlyfactorintheseverityofwildfires.Howlandismanagedcanalsoimpacttheamountoffuelavailableforfires.Practiceslikecontrolledburnsandotherfactorscanimpacttherisktopeopleandproperty,suchaswarningsystemsandthetypeofdevelopmentinagivenarea.Changingthosepolicieshasgreatpotentialtolimitfuturedamagefromwildfiresalongwithchangestohowfiremanagementresourcesaredispatched(派遣).12.WhatarethenumbersaboutinParagraph1?A.ThecausesofAustralianfires. B.ThesevereconsequencesofAustralianfires.C.ThedamagedareasofAustralianfires. D.TheresidencedestructionofAustralianfires.13.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“susceptibleto”inthesecondparagraph?A.Veryquicklytoadaptto. B.Veryseriouslytofocuson.C.Veryeasilytobeprotectedagainst. D.Verylikelytobeinfluencedby.14.WhatcanweinferfromTrenberth’sresearch?A.Warmeroceantemperaturespromotefiresspreading.BLongerdryweathercontributestoglobalwarming.C.Theimbalancedenergyleadstothetemperaturerising.D.Globalwarmingistherootcauseofthebushfires.15.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Toprovidesomeadviceaboutreducingdamage. B.Toshowthemethodsforcontrollingburns.C.TopredicttheseriousnessofAustralianfires. D.TostresstheeffectsofAustralianfires.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThreeThingsWeMustDotoTackleClimateChangeWithworldleadersmeetingattheinternationalclimatechangeconferencethisAugustinGlasgowtodiscussurgentglobalactiontomeetoneofthegreatestchallenges,manypeoplestilldon’tknowwhatmustbedone.____16____However,thegoodnewswegetfromthereportisthatitisnottoolatetoavoidtheworstimpactsofclimatechange,ifwerespondrapidlyanddecisively.Buthow?Itesdowntothefollowingthreethings.Stopusingfossilfuelsgradually.____17____Thatmeansnoexploration,nonewwells,mines,pipelines,orpowerplants.Wealreadyhaveavastamountoffossilfuelinfrastructure(基础设施),anditwilltakedecadestoenditsuse.____18____Sunandwindarethefastestgrowingnewsourcesofenergywehave.Theircostshavefallensharply,makingthemtheleastexpensiveoptionsandencouragingtheadoptionofcleanenergyinmoreandmorelocations.Protecttheworld’sforests.Forestsallovertheworldcurrentlyabsorbaboutathirdofthecarbondioxideouractivitiessendouttotheatmosphere.____19____Andthismuststop.Tomeettheplanet’sgrowingfoodneeds,expertsurgeimprovedmanagementpracticesonalreadyclearedlandratherthanclearingnewland.Finally,itishightimethatwejoinedhandstoprotecttheonlyhomewehave.Ifso,wecantakeonthechallengeaswewouldwhateverthedifficultyis.____20____Thethreeactionswesuggestareessentialforsuccess.A.Boostthedevelopmentofnewtechnology.B.Speeduptheuseofclean,renewableenergy.C.Thealarmingmessagesreleasedurgedustochangeourlifestyle.D.Toachievethis,wemustallownonewdevelopmentofcoal,oilandgas.E.The“codered”reportfromtheconferencegreatlyshockedmanypeople.F.WeareonamissiontosaveplanetEarth,itspeopleanditsnaturalwonders.G.Tropical(热带)forestsareespeciallyatriskandstillbeingclearedforagriculturaluses.第三部分语言知识运用（共三节，满分35分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Idreamedofbeingascientistat6.However,Idecidedat10thatIwasgoingtobeateacherbecauseIhada____21____desireforsuperpowers.Asaboy,Icouldclearlyseesomeofmyteachershadextraordinarypowers.TherewasanEnglishteacherwhocouldmagically____22____ustodifferentworldsbytellingusstoriesandreadingtousfrombookswewouldotherwisenever____23____.Itwasevenshockingthatmyteachercouldseetheinvisible.Iwasoneofthosewholackedinsight.Yetmyteacherwouldnoticemeandthe____24____messageinhereyessuggestedthatshecould____25____mymind.Shehadanothersuperpowerandevennow,Icouldstillrememberherlessonsaboutthegreatmastersofart,expandingour____26____.Shedidthis____27____hermajorwasnotart.Herlessonswentbeyondthetextbook.Iwantedtobeoneofthoseall—seeingoneswithsuperpowersthatmadechildrenfeelsafeandvalued.Beingateacherisn’ttheeasiestorthemostfinanciallyrewardingofjobs.Andthereareoccupationalrisks—yourkneescanbeewornoutfromyearsofcarryingpilesofnotebooksupanddowntheschoolstaircase,your____28____cangiveinfromtoomuchtalking.But____29____allthat,therearethosechoosingthis____30____.Tothem,teachingisnotjustajob—itisascience,anartandit____31____emotionallaboranddevotion.Forthreedecadesnow,I’vegonetoworkearlyeverydaywithaspringinmystep.Occasionally,Imeetmyformerstudents.Theirobviousloveformeandfond____32____ofourtimetogetheraremyrewards.WhenImeetotherswho____33____forsuperpowers,likethebrandnewteacher____34____toperfectherskillswithabravefaceon,Ifeel____35____tobelongtothesamegroup.21.A.challenging B.burning C.convincing D.rewarding22.A.signal B.inform C.transport D.apply23A.pickup B.setup C.bringup D.speedup24.A.unspoken B.unforgotten C.unwritten D.uncertain25.A.look B.see C.indicate D.read26.A.interviews B.visions C.groups D.effects27.A.asif B.onlyif C.evenif D.ifonly28.A.hearing B.voice C.sense D.mood29.A.among B.except C.besides D.despite30.A.cause B.assignment C.arrangement D.contract31.A.needs B.creates C.expresses D.determines32.A.wonders B.memories C.dreams D.opportunities33.A.provide B.account C.stand D.thirst34.A.struggling B.promising C.claiming D.managing35.A.thrilled B.relieved C.proud D.secure第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的词，如有括号提示，请以提示词的正确形式填空。Chinaisquicklybeingthefashioncapital.Thankstoyoungconsumersandsocialmedia,ChinaisnolongerlookingtotheWestforfashionideas,____36____isdevelopingitsownstyle.Thereiseven____37____uniquenameforit:ChinaChic.ChinaChicistheresultofyoungpeople'srenewedinterestinChinesecultureandthingsthatareguochao—brandsandproducts____38____haveatraditionalChineseflavor.AccordingtoNielsen,apanywhichfollowsconsumertrends,68percentofyoungChinesesaytheypreferbuying"MadeinChina"products____39____foreignmadeproducts.Thetrend____40____(gain)popularityoverthepastcoupleofyears,____41____(particular)amongthoseintheirlateteensandearly20s.Nostalgia(怀旧)ispartofthistrend,withproductssuchasWhiteRabbitcandyandBeeFlowerhaircareproducts____42____(bee)popularamongtheyoung,butnewerproductssuchasPerfectDiaryandPeaceBirdarenowoutsellingforeignbrands.Lastyear,domesticbrandsevenincreased____43____(sale)by2percent.MarketresearcherElijahWhaleysays,"ForeignbrandsusedtohaveanadvantageintheChinesemarketbyrepresentingaWesternlifestylethat____44____(assume)tobesuperior.ButChineseconsumersarenowmoreconfidentin_____45_____(they)domesticallycraftedChinastyle."Theunderlyingmessagehere:it'scooltobeChinese.第三节词汇检测（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）根据首字母或中文提示，写出下列各句中的单词，并将单词的完整形式写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。46.Asthepandemicsituationweakenedtheworldwideeconomy,itwase________difficulttofindaparttimejob.（根据首字母单词拼写）47.Sweetwormwood(青蒿),amonplantinChina,hasthepowertocurethed________diseasecalledmalaria.（根据首字母单词拼写）48.Trynottogeti________infightsorquarrelsbecauseevenjustafewwordsmightgetyouintotrouble.（根据首字母单词拼写）49.Ithasbeenc________thatthemeetingwilltakeplacenextweek.(根据首字母单词拼写)50.Conditionsp________,Iwillgoabroadtofurthermystudy.(根据首字母单词拼写)51.Manycountrieshavelawsofferingspecialprotectiontoendangeredanimalsandtheir________(栖息地).（根据汉语提示单词拼写）52.Thevolcano________(喷发)withoutanywarning,causingthedeathsofdozensofpeople.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）53.Thebestwaytopreventthecoronavirusdiseasefromspreadingistokeeppeoplephysically________(远离的)byatleasttwometers.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)54.Beingabletounderstandandusebasic________(科学的)knowledgeisanimportantabilityformoderncitizens.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)55.Amusicvideo________(以……为特色)agroupofChineserapperstryingtoshowanewsideofChinahasgoneviralontheinternet.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)第四部分书面表达（共两节，满分35分）第一节应用文（满分15分）56.假定你是苏华，你的英国朋友Sam对中医学很感兴趣，在邮件中向你询问中国首位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家屠呦呦以及她的贡献，请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1.屠呦呦简介；2.她的贡献；3.你的希望。写作要求：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头已经给出，不计入总词数。DearSam,Morethandelightedtoknowthat________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________