Unit4NaturalDisastersReadingandThinking课件高中英语人教版

wordsandexpressions:1.

n.灾难;灾害

2.

n.&vt.营救;救援

3.

vt.&n.损害;损失

4.

vt.摧毁;毁灭

5.

vt.影响;侵袭

6.

n.电;电能

7.

n.努力;艰难的尝试

8.

n.电力供应;能量

9.

adj.冷静的vt.使平静

10.

v.递送;发表

electricityeffortcalmpowerdisasterrescuedestroydamageaffectdeliver11.

n.险境；陷阱

vt.

使落入险境12.

vt.埋葬；安葬13.

vt.&vi.呼吸

trapburybreatheTheNightTheEarthDidn’tSleepUnit4NaturalDisastersPara1StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheasternHebei.Forserveraldays,thewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.Thereweredeepcracks

thatappearedinthewellwalls.Atleastonewellhadsomesmellygascomingoutofit.

过去进行时大裂缝难闻的非谓语表伴随河北省东北部的农村不断有怪事发生。好几天了，村里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。至少一口井冒出了难闻的气味。Para1Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide,andfishjumpedoutofthewater.Atabout3:00a.m.,on28July1976,brightlightswereseenintheskyoutsidethecityofTangshanandloudnoiseswereheard.Butthecity’sonemillionpeoplewereasleepasusualthatnight.太......而不能拒绝做某事非谓语表伴随bedone被动bedone被动像往常一样Para1鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安、不愿进食，狗也不愿意回房屋里去，老鼠从地里窜出来四处找地方躲藏，鱼从水里往外跳。1976年6月28日大约凌晨三点，唐山郊外的天空中出现了明亮的光，并且可以听到巨大的噪音。但那天晚上，这座城市的100万人像往常一样熟睡。Task4(P50)Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.(1)翻译:

too...to...意为“太……而不能……”,too修饰形容词或(2)

,to后接动词原形。

鸡,甚至猪都紧张得不吃东西,狗也不愿进屋子里。副词【基础探究】(1)在too...to...结构中有时出现可数名词单数,而该结构的形式通常为“too+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数”。(2)too...to...结构表示肯定意义的情况当too之后跟表示主语的态度、情感、心情或倾向的词,如glad、eager、anxious、happy、ready、nervous、pleased等时,该结构表示肯定意义。【衔接写作】同义句转换(1)Thehouseisnotcheapenoughformetobuy.→Thehouseis

.

(2)Theproblemistoodifficultformetoworkout.→Theproblemis

Ican’tworkitout.

tooexpensiveformetobuysodifficultthatPara2At3:42a.m,everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!Elevenkilometersdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquakethatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing.好像结束致命的定语从句凌晨3.42分，一切开始摇晃。仿佛世界末日即将来临！20世纪最致命的地震之一就在该市正下方11千米处发生了，这次地震甚至对远在150多千米外的北京造成了损害。Task5(P50)Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!(1)翻译:

此处asif引导(2)

从句,可用asthough替代。Itseemedasif...意为“(3)

”。

仿佛世界末日即将来临!表语似乎;看起来……【基础探究】当asif引导的句子表示真实的或极有可能发生或存在的情况时用陈述语气。当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或不太可能发生或存在的情况时,从句用虚拟语气。动词时态的形式如下:(1)从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词要使用were)。(2)从句表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“had+过去分词”。(3)从句表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“would/could/might+动词原形”。Moregenerally,theInternetfunctionsasifitweremymemory.更通俗点说，互联网所起的作用更像是我记忆能力的延伸。Itsoundsasifitwereraining.听起来像是在下雨。【变式训练】单句填空(1)ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifI

(do)it?

(2)Thesecretaryalwaysactsasifshe

(be)therealbossofthecompany.

(3)Theteachertreatsthepupilasifhe

(be)herownchild.

(4)Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey

(be)goodfriendsformanyyears.

haddonewerewerehadbeenTask1damagen.

损坏;损失vt.

破坏;损害(P48)WhichbuildingsweredamagedinSeoul?首尔的哪些建筑物受损了?Damagecausedbytheearthquakedisastercan’tbeignored.地震灾害导致的损失不容忽视。cause/dodamageto对……造成损害;损害……n.damageone’shealth 损害某人的健康v.Discesiondestroy、damage、harm、hurt和ruin的用法区别【变式训练】用damage、ruin、destroy、harm、hurt的适当形式填空(1)Therearemanyancienttempleswhichhavefalleninto

.

(2)Thattownwas

inabigfire.

(3)Whattheysaidanddid

therelationsbetweenthetwocountries.

(4)Hiswords

myfeelings.

(5)Drinkingtoomuchcan

one’shealth.

ruinsdestroyedhurtdamagedharm/damage【衔接写作】一句多译众所周知,抽烟会损害我们的健康。(1)Asweallknow,smokingcan

.(damagen.)

(2)Itiswellknownthatsmokingcan

.(damagevt.)

do/causedamagetoourhealthdamageourhealthPara2Nearlyonethirdofthewholenationfeltit!Ahugecrack,eightkilometreslongand30metreswide,cutacrosshouses,roads,andwaterways.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.Thousandsofchildrenwereleftwithoutparents.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.在废墟里定语从句修饰peoplebedone被动

定语从句Para2全国三分之一的地方均有震感。一个八千米长、三十米宽的巨大裂缝横贯房屋，道路，和水道。石头山变成了泥沙河。不到一分钟，一座大城市躺在了废墟里。当地居住的人有三分之二死亡或受伤。成千上万的孩子失去了父母。地震中死亡或严重受伤的人数超过40万。Task6inruins严重受损;破败不堪(P50)Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.在不到一分钟的时间里,一座大城市沦为废墟。Thiscountry’seconomyliesinruins.这个国家的经济崩溃了。Thecityisnowinruins.那个城市现在成了一片废墟。【基础探究】be/lieinruins成为废墟fallintoruin

毁坏;毁灭cometoruin

毁灭;崩溃【变式训练】单句填空(1)Whatleftthetownin

(ruin)?

(2)Alargenumberofchurchesfell

ruinafterthebigflood.

ruinsinto【衔接写作】完成句子Theheavyraincompletely

.大雨把我们的假期彻底毁了。

ruinedourholidayPara3Everywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbutruins.Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed.About75percentofthecity’sfactoriesandbuildings,90percentofitshomes,andallofitshospitalsweregone.Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves,butnowindcouldblowthemaway.地点状语从句，“...之处主语比喻把..吹走幸存者目及之处，无一不是废墟。城里几乎所有的东西都被毁了。大约75%的工厂和建筑，90%的房屋，以及所有的医院都消失了。残砖就像秋天的红叶覆盖着大地，但是没有风能把他们吹走。Para3Mostbridgeshadfallenorwerenotsafetocross,therailwaytrackswerenowuselesspiecesofmetal.Tensofthousandsofcows,hundredsofthousandsofpigs,andmillionsofchickensweredead.Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewereinshock—-andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.Evenmorebuildingsfelldown.Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.通过铁路轨道无用的主语填...震惊宾语从句大部分桥梁倒塌或者无法安全通过，铁轨如今成了无用的金属块。数万头牛，数十万头猪和数百万只鸡死亡。井里满是沙子，而不是水。人们震惊了。然后，那天下午晚些时候，唐山又发生了一次大地震。甚至更多的建筑倒塌。水、食物和电都很难获得。人们开始在想这场灾难还会持续多久。Para3Task7shockn.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克vt.(使)震惊(P50)Peoplewereinshock—andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.人们震惊了——然后,当天下午晚些时候,又一场大地震侵袭唐山。Ilookedatmyhusbandinshock,waitingforhimtotellmethatIhadmisunderstoodeverything.我震惊地望着丈夫,期待他告诉我,这一切都是我的误解。Hissituationwasagreatshocktousall.他的处境使我们大家都大为震惊。【基础探究】 agreatshocktosb

某人极为震惊的事inshock

震惊;吃惊shocked

adj.

震惊的;惊讶的beshockedat/by

对……吃惊beshockedtodosth

做某事很吃惊shocking

adj.

令人震惊的【变式训练】单句填空(1)Thenews

(shock)thepublic,leadingtogreatconcernaboutstudents’safetyatschool.

(2)Thenewsofhissuddendeathisso

thateveryoneisvery

atit.(shock)

(3)Iwasshocked

(hear)thatKobeandhisdaughterdiedintheterribleaircrash.

shockedshockingshockedtohearButhopewasnotlost.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshanto

digout

thosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.Morethan10,000doctorsandnursescametoprovidemedicalcare.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.Hundredsifthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.Waterandfoodwerebroughtintothecitybytrain,truck,andplane.Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.定语从句被动，受困挖掘埋葬避难所，临时安置点被动，被带进被动，被帮助呼吸Para4但希望并没有丧失。地震后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。一万多名医生和护士前来提供医疗护理。救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。数十万人得到了帮助。水和食物被火车、卡车和飞机运进城市。慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。Para4Task8trapvt.

使落入险境;使陷入圈套n.

险境;陷阱(P50)Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.地震发生后不久,部队派出了15万名战士奔赴唐山,将受困群众从废墟中挖出,并掩埋死者。Whentravellingtheyweretrappedinthemountain,waitingtoberescued.旅行时,他们被困在山上,等待救援。Ifyouchoosethisway,you’relikelytofallintoatrap.如果你选择这条路,你很有可能会落入圈套。【基础探究】trapsbinto(doing)sth

诱使某人做某事betrappedin

被困住……set/layatrap

布好陷阱;设下圈套becaughtinatrapof... 陷入……的困境【变式训练】单句填空(1)She

(trap)intheburninghouse.

(2)Iwastrapped

tellingthepersonallIknew.

wastrappedinto【衔接写作】句式升级Theteamweretrappedintheburningbuildingandtheywereeagertoberescued.(用定语从句改写)

Theteamwhoweretrappedintheburningbuildingwereeagertoberescued.Task9buryvt.

埋葬;安葬;掩埋;使沉浸;使专心(P50)Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.地震发生后不久,部队派出了15万名战士奔赴唐山,将受困群众从废墟中挖出,并掩埋死者。Theirambitionswerefinallyburied.他们的雄心壮志最终被埋藏了。

【变式训练】单句填空(1)Sheburiedherface

herhandswhensheheardthebadnews.

(2)Eversincehemovedthere,he

(bury)inhisresearchwork.

(3)Inthepastthreeweeks,wehavebeenburying

(we)instudybecausetheexamisdrawingnear.

inhasbeenburiedourselves【衔接写作】一句多译由于他埋头读书,因此他不知道外面下雨了。(1)

,

hedidn’tknowitwasrainingoutside.(连词because)(2)

,hedidn’tknowitwasrainingoutside.(现在分词作状语)

(3)

,hedidn’tknowitwasrainingoutside.(过去分词作状语)

Becauseheburiedhimself/wasburiedinthebook

BuryinghimselfinthebookBuriedinthebookTangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandtirelesseffortsofthecity’speople,anewTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.Thenewcityhasbecomeahometomorethansevenmillionpeople,withgreatimprovementsintransportation,industry,andenvironment.TangshancityhasprovedtoChinaandtherestoftheworldthatintimesofdisaster,peoplemustunifyandshowthewisdomtostaypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture.复活重新站了起来被动...的家园给...证明宾语从句团结，联合起来展现...的智慧重建Para5唐山开始复苏，重新站了起来。在政府的大力支持下，在全市人民的不懈努力下，一个新的唐山在地震废墟上建成了。随着交通、工业和环境的极大改善，这座新城市已经成为700多万人的家园。唐山市向中国和世界的其他地方证明，在灾难面前，人民必须团结起来，拿出智慧，保持积极的心态，重建更美好的未来