必修二Unit4HistoryandTraditions单元培优综合测试卷（原卷版）

必修二Unit4HistoryandTraditions单元培优综合测试卷第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（2024·山西吕梁·三模）London’sMustSeeExhibitionsThisyeariszippingalongatquiteaspeed,andLondon’salreadywitnessedsomegreatexhibitions.Butbigtreatsarestilltoe.VanGogh’sSunflowersandStarryNightatTateBritainAmajorexhibitionatTateBritain,whichexamineshowVanGoghwasinspiredbyBritishart,andhowheintuninspiredBritishartists.HisfamouspaintingSunflowersfillsthegallerywithjoy.TheEYExhibition:VanGoghandBritainatTateBritain.Until11August,£22.GlassMasteratKewGardensDaleChihulycreatessculpturesoutofglassthatwewouldnormallythinkimpossible.With32ofhissculpturesaroundKewGardens,we’relookingforwardtoKewbeingevenmorebeautifulthanitalreadyis.ChihulyatKew:ReflectionsonNatureatKewGardens.13April27October,£13.75.MoreofMooreatMuseumofLondonHenryMoorrisbestknownforhisabstractfiguresculptures.Whatmanywon’tknowaboutishisobsession(痴迷)witharmour(盔甲),andthesculptureshecreatedinspiredbyRenaissancearmour.Actually,they’regoingondisplayatMuseumofLondon,nexttothearmourthatinspiredthem.HenryMoore:TheHelmetHeadsatMuseumofLondon.Until23October,£11.ShiningaLightonRembrandtatDulwichPictureGalleryDulwichPictureGallerymemorates350yearssincethedeathofRembrandtwithanexhibitiononthemanwhomasteredtheuseoflightanddarkinhispaintings.ThelastRembrandtexhibitioninLondonwassuperb.Rembrandt’sLightatDulwichPictureGallery.2October2December,£15.1．Whatdo“ClassMaster”and“MoreofMoore”haveinmon?A．Theybothexhibitsculptures. B．Theyhavethesameendingtime.C．Theysharethesameexhibitionarea. D．Theychargethesameforadmission.2．Wherecanyouenjoyanexhibitionon10November?A．TateBritain B．KewGardensC．MuseumofLondon D．DulwichPictureGallery3．Wherecanwereadthispassage?A．Inanarttextbook. B．Inasportsnewspaper.C．Inatouristmagazine. D．Inanexhibitionbrochure.B（2024·山东日照·模拟预测）Travellingseemedlikefalsehoodtome.IgrewtiredofbackpackersexpressingtoomuchpraiseabouthowpettingababyelephantinThailand“transformed”them.Globetravelingtomeheldnomorepromisethanfindingafewbillsinthepocketofanoldcoat.IneededsomethingdeeperthananEat,Play,Lovemoment.Oneday,Vasilis,myGreekbestfriend,remindedmeofourdecadeoldpromise:afterourfinalexams,IwouldvisithishometowninAthens.Maybe,itwastimetomakegoodonthatpromise.Ifinallyboardedtheplane.Vasilispickedmeupattheairport.Ismiled,thinkinghowimprobablethismomentseemedallthoseyearsago.Thedecadelongwaitprovedtobewellworthit.Everystepthroughtheancientstreetsrevealednewwonders.However,noneofthemtrulymattered.Whatwouldforeveraltermyperceptionoftravelwasachanceencounterwithalocal.VasilisandIwerewanderingAthenswhenaspecialsoundcaughtourattention—arhythmicclinkingdisturbingthequietnessoftheresidentialstreet.Curiously,wefollowedthesoundtoahumbleworkshop.Inside,awelder(焊工)gavenomindtoourpresencebehindhim.Heworenoflashyprotectivesuit—thiswasjustanotherdayforhim,anotherdancewithfireandmetalthathadbeesecondnature.Underthesunshade,hisorangecatrestedinthefortingwarmth...Asthemancontinuedwelding,Ifeltabitofenvy.Ienviedhispeaceandcontentment.Iadmiredthesimplicityheembodied.Iimaginedthewelderhappy,findingfulfillmentinhiscraft(手艺)andreturningtohislovingfamily...Themomentmovedmetotears.Leavingtheworkshop,rainblendingwithtears,Irealizedhoweasilylife’spoetrycouldpassunnoticed.HomeagaininMontreal,Istopsimplypursuingbetterthings,betterexperiencesandbetterpeoplethatarenevergrasped.Irealizetherealjourneyisinward—toappreciatelife’sordinarymagic.Thatsurebeatspettinganybabyelephant.Imaynothavereturnedhome“transformed,”butI’llalwaysthinkofthewelderandhiscat.4．Whichaspectoftravellingmakestheauthorfeeluneasy?A．Shortageofadequatefunds. B．Disfortindietaryhabits.C．Overstatementoftravel’seffects. D．Dangerofpettingbabyanimals.5．WhatdrovetheauthortogotoAthens?A．Meetingamitment. B．Exploringauniquelandscape.C．Receivingfurthereducation. D．Escapingfromthecurrentlife.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“poetry”inparagraph6probablyreferto?A．Poemswrittenbymasters. B．Peaceandsimplicity.C．Spiritofcraftsmanship. D．Specialsoundinthestreet.7．Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．FriendshipLastsForever B．TravellingShapesaBetterSelfC．PursuitofHappinessNeverStops D．TheOrdinaryMakesExtraordinaryC（2024·陕西榆林·一模）Robins(知更鸟)areconsideredasasymbolofthefestiveseasonandareknownfortheirlively,curiousnaturearoundhumans.Butevenrobinsgetroadragebecausetheycanbeeaggressivewhenthere’snoise,anewstudyshows.ResearchersfromtheUKfoundthatthesoundoftrafficmaderuralrobins—noturbanrobins—“moreaggressive”.ThestudywasconductedbyexpertsatAngliaRuskinUniversityinCambridge.Humanactivityhasacolossaleffectonwildlife,includingontheirsocialbehavior,”theteamsaidintheirpaper.Fortheirstudy,theteaminvestigatedthebehaviorofmaleEuropeanrobinslivinginurbanparksandruralforestsinIstanbul.Theymeasuredaggressiontowardsanotherrobinintruder,whichwasn’tarealrobinbutinsteadamodelintheshapeofanadultbird.Thefakerobinwasequippedwithaspeaker,throughwhichtheteamcouldplayaudio,andthenattachedtotreesattheparksandforests.Theaudioconsistedofrecordingsofrobinsongs,whileadditionaltrafficnoisewasaddedthroughanotherseparatespeakernearby.Afterrecordingthebirds’behaviorduringinteractionswiththefakeintruder,theyfoundtheurbanrobinstypicallydisplayedmorephysicalaggressionthanruralrobins.However,ruralrobinsbecamemoreaggressivewiththeadditionoftrafficnoise—possiblybecausethey’relessusedtotrafficnoisethanurbanbirds,whicharealreadylivinginnoisierhabitats.What’smore,physicaldisplaysofterritorialitycouldincreasebecausethetrafficnoiseinterfereswiththeirbirdsong.“Innormallyquietsurroundings,wefoundthatadditionaltrafficnoiseleadstoruralrobinsbeingmoreaggressive,”saidDrCaglarAkcayatARU.“Webelievethisisbecausethenoiseisinterferingwiththeirmunication.”Overall,byparingurbanandruralrobinreactions,thestudyprovidesavaluableglimpseintohowurbanlivingspeciesadaptto“lifeinanoisyworld”.“Ourresultsshowthathumanproducednoisecanhavearangeofeffectsonrobins,dependingonthehabitattheylivein,”saidDrAkcay.8．Whatcanwelearnabouttherobinsaccordingtothetext?A．Theylikelargerhabitats.B．Theycannotstandotherintruders.C．Theyprefervillagestourbanareas.D．Theycanremindpeopleofjoyousseasons.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“colossal”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Positive. B．Mutual. C．Weak. D．Dramatic.10．Whydidtheruralrobinsbeemoreaggressivewhenfacingtrafficnoise?A．Itaffectedtheirmunication.B．Itseverelydamagedtheirhearing.C．Itpreventedthemfromfindingfood.D．Itmadeithardforthemtoreturntotheirhabitats.11．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Topersuadepeopletoprotecttherobins.B．Toparethedifferencesbetweenrobins.C．Toshowmanmadenoise’seffectonrobins.D．Toprovethathumanandbirdsareconnected.D（2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）Latelastyear,inthedaysbeforetheDosakianelection,avideofeaturingawellknownjournalistandakeycandidatecirculatedonsocialnetworks.However,itwasabsolutelyfake(虚假的).TheInternationalPressInstitutehascalledthisepisodeinDosakiathefirsttimethatAIdeepfakes—fakeimages,orvideosgeneratedbyartificialintelligence—haveinfluencedanationalelectiongreatly.Securityexpertsconsidermisinformationthebiggestglobalriskrecently—moredangerousthanwar,andextremeweatherevents.Aconstantstreamofpeopleiswrestlingwiththisissue.Noweveneconomistsarejoiningin.EconomistIyanSmith,andothersconductarealworldexperimenttoseewhethersimple,lowcostnudges,orinterventions,canbeeffective.Insteadoffocusingonthesupplysideofmisinformationlikesocialmediaplatforms,theypayattentiontothedemandside:increasingourcapacitytoidentifythefakeinformation.Theeconomistssplitparticipantsrandomlyintofourdifferentgroups.Onegroupwasshownavideodemonstratingaconvincingjourneyoftwopeoplefromtwodifferentsocialgroupswho,beforeinteracting,expressnegativestereotypes(刻板印象)abouttheother’sgroup,overingtheirdifferencesandultimatelyregrettingunthinkinglyusingstereotypestodehumanizeoneanother.Anothergrouppletedapersonalitytestthatshowsthemtheircognitivetraits(认知特点)causingprejudice,hopingtoincreasetheirselfawareness,anddecreasetheirdemandformisinformation.Athirdgroupdidbothwhileacontrolgroupdidneither.Theeconomistsfindthesimpleinterventionofshowingthevideomakestheparticipantsover30percentlesslikelyto“considerfakenewsreliable”.Butthepersonalitytesthaslittleeffect.Asforparticipantsdoingboth,theywereabout31percentlesslikelytoviewtrueheadlinesasreliable.Inotherwords,theybecamesoskepticalthateventhetruthbecamesuspect.Smithandhiscolleaguesarefarfromthefirstscholarstofightmisinformationbyhelpingpeopletothinkmorecritically.UniversityofWeymouthpsychologistLisaKindlealsoadvocatessimilarwaystohelprejectmisinformationinthewild.12．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhefirsttwoparagraphs?A．HighlighttheriskofAIdeepfakes. B．Discusstheglobalthreatlandscape.C．DescribeDosakia’selectionoute. D．Introducetheconceptofmisinformation.13．Whatis“aneffectivenudge”inSmith’snewstudy?A．Thecognitivetrait. B．Theshortvideo.C．Thepersonalitytest. D．Thenegativestereotype.14．Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthestudy?A．Videosreducemisinformation. B．Deepfakesmaydiscredittruth.C．Misinformationcausesdehumanization. D．Personalitytestssharpenthinkingskills.15．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．BattlingFakeNews B．DeepfakesinElectionsC．TheSpreadofMisinformation D．ExpandingThinkingCapacity第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2024·江西南昌·三模）Inordertogrowandbebetterthanbefore,youmustlearntobeemotionallyintelligent.Herearesomestrategiestohelpyoubeeemotionallymature!Youcannotchangeothers.Everyoneelseisentitledtotheirownbeliefsandopinions.Itispletelynormal.Keepingthatinmind,itisbetterifyouunderstandthatyoucannotchangeothers,nomatterhowhardyoutry.Evenifyoutrychangingothersandtheirfeelings,youwillonlybehurtingyourselfintheprocess.16Peopleinteractwithuslikewearemindreaderssometimes.17Thiscanbeextremelypainful.Youneedtomunicateyourneedstotheotherperson,andtheyneedtodothesamewithyou.Neverrelyonexpectations,whichwillonlymakeyoufeeldisappointed.Shareyourneedswithyourlovedonesandseethepositivechanges.Somunicateyourneeds.Itisnecessarytotakeresponsibilityforyouractions.Justlikeyourwords,youneedtotakefullresponsibilityforyouractions.Manypeoplemakesillyexcusesanddon’ttakeresponsibilityfortheiractions.Thatiswheretheyhurtothersandthemselves.18Itwon’tbringyourselfrespectdown,anditwillactuallyraiseyouasaperson.19Soitiswisetoavoidnegativepeople.Ifyouaresurroundedbynegativepeoplethatonlybringothersdown,thenyouwillalwaysfeelunfortable.Ifyouaresurroundedbyhappypeople,youwillalwaysbedelighted.Keepawayfrompeoplewhoemotionallycontrolothers.20Inordertobeemotionallyintelligent,youmusthaveasupportingpartnerbyyourside.A．Youneedtomindwhateveryoudo.B．Youareknownbythepanyyoukeep.C．Justasyoutrytobeamindreader,othersexpectso.D．Thebestcourseofactionwouldbetochangeyourself.E．Wheneveryoufeelsomethinglikethat,cuttieswiththem.F．Yourpartnerwouldwantyoutoknowexactlywhattheywant.G．Ifyoumakeamistakeandaffectothersnegatively,apologizeimmediately.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（2024·广东深圳·三模）ItwasasunnySundayafternoon.MyhusbandwastakingcareofourbabygirlsothatmysixyearoldsonandIcoulddosomeyardwork,justthetwoofus.Itwassuretobe21.Butsoon,thecloudsofmosquitosseemed22toourbugspray(喷雾).Iwassweating,itchy,andarguingwithmysonabouthowtopullweeds.Ihadtoldhimthe“right”way—gettingthoseweedsoutfromthebottom,bytheroots,23thementirely.However,mysonwentaboutthingsinhisownway.Hepulledthe24oftheweedsoff,movingquicklydownthelineashelefttheremainingpartstillinthesoil.Somehow,Ifoundthistobeincredibly25.Whycouldn’thedoitinmywayandsavemethetimeofhavingto26hisportion(部分)?Whydidhedoitatallifhewasn’tgoingtodoitproperly?“Ifyoudoastold,we’dbedoneearlierand27alongerperiodbeforewewouldhavetoreturnandpullweedsnexttime,”Isaid,tryingtokeepmytone28.Hewentbacktohiswork,shakingdirtfromhishandfulofgrowingthingsandthrowing29stemsintooursharedbasket.“Peopledothings30,Mom,”hesaidinnocently.Myfiresoonfaded,replacedbythe31realizationthatI’djustreceivedavaluable32fromthepersonthatIwassupposedtobeteaching.Whiletryingto33mybabygirl,mykindergartener,andtheyardwork,34wasalifelineforme.Butmywaywas,perhaps,notthebestwayafterall.Histimeshouldn’tbe35.Hisjobwastobeakidandtakehistime,foraslongashewasable.21．A．relaxing B．disturbing C．urgent D．tough22．A．sensitive B．resistant C．harmful D．addicted23．A．removing B．packing C．covering D．preserving24．A．roots B．fibres C．tops D．points25．A．amazing B．boring C．annoying D．confusing26．A．recycle B．redo C．identify D．ignore27．A．clarified B．launched C．repeated D．promised28．A．nervous B．mysterious C．light D．loud29．A．long B．broken C．dry D．useful30．A．differently B．separately C．hurriedly D．honestly31．A．satisfying B．corresponding C．depressing D．humbling32．A．behavior B．warning C．reminder D．review33．A．raise B．land C．teach D．balance34．A．efficiency B．concentration C．discipline D．quality35．A．runoutof B．setlimitsto C．madeupfor D．keptpacewith第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)（2024·四川成都·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Springrolls,thosecrispydelightsofgoldenpastry(油酥面团),featuringamix36finelychoppedvegetableslikecabbage,carrots,andsometimesmeat,areamongthemostpopular37(choice)foraquickandtastysnack.Therollsarefriedtoaperfectcrunchandare38(typical)eatenwhenhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecide39todipitinasweetandsoursaucefirst,addinganextralayerofflavor,ortoenjoyiton40(it)own,lettingtheroll’sowntasteshinethrough.Whilespringrolls41(serve)inmanyplaces,theclassicversioncanbefoundinthebusystreetmarkets,42theyaremadefreshonthespotandprovidedstraightfromthefryer.Goodspringrollshavealightcrust,allowingthem43(pick)upeasilywithoutbreakingorbeingunpleasantlywet.Thefillingiscarefullyseasoned44(guarantee)aharmoniousblendoftastesandtextures(口感).NomatterwhereIgetthem,oneisrarelyenough,buttwoorthreemightbetoomuch,soIamalwaysleft45(look)forwardtomynextspringrollexperience.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)（2024·广东深圳·三模）假定你是李华，你校交换生Mike准备参加“厉害了，中国”(AmazingChina)短视频大赛，特发邮件向你征询视频创意。请给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括：1．提出建议；2．阐明理由。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式作答。DearMike,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)（2024·广东广州·三模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。IpressedmyfistintoDad’soldbaseballgloveasIstaredoutofthewindowofmystepfather’svan.NotadaywentbythatIdidn’tthinkaboutDadandhowmuchImissedhim.Thevanstoppedattheedgeofthebaseballfield.“Hey,buddy,havefunatpractice.Anddon’tforgetaboutyoursister’srecital(表演)tonight,”saidmystepfatherasIclimbedout.Zoeisnotmysister,andyoucan’ttellmewhattodo,Igrumbled(嘟囔)tomyself.Abunchofguysfromtheteamwavedfromthedugout.Ijoggedoverhalfheartedly.“Whydoyoulooksounhappy?”Davidasked.“Ihavetogotomystepsister’sdancerecital,”Isighed.“Itcouldbeworse,”Davidreplied.IshothimanIhighlydoubtthatexpression.“Whatifyouhadtoperforminit?”Kevinsaidasheleapedandtwirled(旋转)likearodeobull.Itriednottosmile.ThetruthwasthatIhadalotofmixedupfeelingssinceMomremarriedafewmonthsago.Ihadalwayslovedbaseball,buteventhatfeltdifferentlately.Icouldbarelyconcentrate.Afterpractice,Da