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1/20高考一轮复习知识清单专题42完形填空满分策略(讲案)原卷版(快问快答+思维导图+考法点拨+真题再练+名校模拟)目录一、完形填空快问快答P2二、完形填空高考考情P2三、完形填空解题策略P3四、完形填空思维导图P4五、完形填空考法点拨P5考法一:五大方法速判句内层次题P5考法二:四大技巧稳抓句组层次题P6考法三:七种逻辑提升语篇层次题P9六、完形填空易错点及备考建议P11易错点一:不懂熟词生义P11易错点二:未能联系上下文P12易错点三:没记准固定搭配含义P13易错点四:缺乏常识或文化背景知识P13七、完形填空真题演练(2024题组)P14八、完形填空名校模拟(4篇)P22一、完形填空快问快答Q1:完形填空有什么特点?A1:以记叙文、夹叙夹议文为主,说明文为辅,围绕人与自我、人与社会、人与自然三大主题语境,考查学生的英语综合素养和关键能力。考点设置以实词为主,其中对动词、名词以及形容词的考查数量最多。Q2:完形填空做题步骤如何?A2:第一步:读“首句”,辨“文体”。学生应该充分利用首句的提示作用,分辨文章体裁,知晓文章大意。第二步:重“脉络”,通“结构”。文章的脉络和结构就是故事的排列顺序和架构方式。不论是哪种体裁的文章,其脉络和结构都是作者行文思路的体现,对深人理解文章的思想内容具有重要意义。第三步:找“线索”,推“逻辑”。学生在做完形填空试题之前可以先避开选项,根据文章的线索,自己填出合适的单词。Q3:完形填空有哪些命题趋势?A3:阅读量逐年提高,阅读时间减少;生词量有增无减;长句增多,句式灵活,结构复杂;选材地道,内容丰富,体现育人功能。Q4:如何提高完形填空正答率?A4:一要掌握完形填空命题规律和选项特征,二要不断扩大词汇量,尤其是3500高考高频词汇和历年熟词生义,三要广泛进行专项训练,积累做题经验,摸索出一套行之有效的个性化做题模式,四要重视纠错,探寻错误原因,防止出现类似错误。二、完形填空高考考情2020-2024年高考英语完形填空考情分析卷别体裁题材词数动词名词形容词副词介词2024新课标I卷记叙文凡是要有自己主见23485112024新课标II卷记叙文友善行为美食力量2279512024全国甲卷记叙文厨房里的祖母聊天276783112023新课标I卷记叙文越野赛的善行义举2257712023新课标II卷记叙文帮狗狗与主人团聚20973412023全国甲卷记叙文学会不要以貌取物24994612023全国乙卷记叙文体操奥运冠军故事244123412022新课标I卷记叙文家庭野营趣味经历218553112022新课标II卷记叙文环球旅行免费住宿2095642022全国甲卷记叙文因狗结缘爱情故事27787132022全国乙卷说明文孩子捉迷藏的研究26177422021新课标I卷记叙文暑期短暂打工体验2309422021新课标II卷记叙文中国警察无畏事迹1927712021全国甲卷记叙文致歉酒店终获原谅242105412021全国乙卷夹叙夹议女患巧妙感谢医护261107122020新课标卷记叙文海岛植树保护环境22556312020全国卷I记叙文请不要对孩子说谎251683212020全国卷II记叙文竞拍名画竟是真迹287114322020全国卷III记叙文应对难对付的顾客26583612三、完形填空解题策略完形填空是全国各地高考英语必考题型之一,它要求考生能够读懂一篇有空缺的文章的大意,根据已学知识,在整体理解的基础上,推导出未知内容。它具有主观性测试和客观性测试的双重优点。它既可以在语篇中考查考生英语基础知识,即词汇、语法知识,又可考查考生运用语言知识的能力,如词语搭配、习惯用法、词义辨析、语言交际、文化背景和社会风俗等。同时它还要求考生必须具备良好的把握上下文行文逻辑和篇章结构的能力。1.高考完形填空题的文章选材广泛,注重原汁原味,内容着重体现新课标所要求的“关注学生情感,提高人文素养”这一人文理念。文章体裁以记叙文为主。2.文章长度250词左右,一般设空20个,设空平均间距为10个词左右。首句不设空。3.考查以语篇内容理解为主,注重对文章语境的理解和把握。题型按语境进行分类,可分为句内层次题、句组层次题和语篇层次题。语法考查很少见。4.选项以考查实词为主,如名词、动词、形容词等;虚词为辅,如介词、连词等。完形填空记叙文解题要领内容解读抓住文章中心中心思想有助于明确做题方向,提高针对性。文章题目揭示中心思想;如无题目,抓文章开头结尾,尤其是议论抒情的语句,也可抓住文章的中心。明确叙述角度在做题时考生可采用“角色渗透法”,这样有助于走进作者的思维,深入理解文章的含义。理清写作顺序记叙文的写作顺序有:顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙、分叙,理清写作顺序有助于了解事情发展的来龙去脉,从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。明确写作要素弄清记叙文的6要素(5W1H),即时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)、结果(how),抓住这些写作要素,就基本上抓住了文章的主体。洞悉写作目的写作目的是借助叙事、写人或写景来阐明一个道理,给人以启迪或教益。完形填空记叙文解题要领内容解读分析结构,抓住作者的观点借助文章结构,即事例→观点,观点→事例,观点→事例→观点,体会记叙和议论的关系,抓住作者的观点,明确文章的组织方式。看文章属于上述哪种结构,从而明白作者的写作思路。重视首句,把握文章主题首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主题句。通过首句可以初步判断文章的写作中心,为全面理解文章打开一扇“窗户”。叙议兼顾,理解议论内涵夹叙夹议文中叙与议是一个有机的整体,叙是议的基础,而议是叙的升华。在读这类文章时,掌握议论部分的内容是关键,因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务的。所以只有把故事和哲理联系起来,再结合对人物心理和行为的描述,全面把握文章才能正确解题。抓住转换,理清逻辑关系抓住记叙与议论的转换,及时调整思维方式,理清上下文之间逻辑关系,在充分把握语境的基础上,辨析词语,进一步把握作者的观点、态度,找到正确答案。完形填空说明文解题要领内容解读明确说明对象,理清段落关系。通读全文,明确作者是针对哪一个说明对象从不同的角度和侧面对其加以说明的。在阅读过程中要概括、总结每一段说明的侧重点,理清各段之间的关系,加深对说明对象的理解。弄清说明顺序,把握作者态度。在说明的过程中作者会选择合理的说明顺序对说明对象进行解说。把握了说明顺序就能准确把握文章的脉络,加深对整篇文章的理解。常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序(如因果关系、果因关系、先主后次等)和认识顺序(如由此及彼、由浅入深、由局部到整体、由现象到本质等)。另外,在理清作者思路的基础上,还要注意反映作者态度的关键词或关键句,把握作者的写作情感和意图。四、完形填空思维导图五、完形填空考法点拨考法一:五大方法速判句内层次题句内层次题的解题信息分布在本句内,在读懂文意的前提下,利用本句的一些信息凭借语感即可顺利选出答案。对于此类题目,考生可以边读边填,将原文信息尽量复原。【方法1利用习惯搭配和固定结构解题】1.【2020·全国Ⅱ卷】ItwasjustaftersunriseonaJunemorning.“Nicolo,”whoserealnamecannotbe__41__tothepublicbecauseofItaly'sprivacylaws,42.finishedworkingthewholenightatafactoryinTurin.41.A.attached B.allocatedC.exposed D.submitted【方法2利用生活常识和文化背景解题】完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时,若能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识,巧妙地加以运用,特别是注意中西文化的差异,将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的时间,从而轻松地做出正确判断。2.[2021·全国乙卷]Andthereyouhaveit.Tomanypeople,__59__livesispartofthejobbutstylinghairisanextraandshouldberewarded.59.A.risking B.changingC.saving D.building【方法3利用句子分析法解题】完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系,它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分,将它作为线索,通过它推断出未知填空的答案。3.[2021·浙江卷]...However,withinfifteenminutesof39.arriving,myworrieshadgone.Everyonewasso__40__andlike-mindedthatitwasvery41.easytofeelathome.40.A.confident B.friendlyC.energetic D.curious【方法4利用逻辑关系解题】此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案,主要应用于完形填空的两类题型:一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语;二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。4.【2020·新高考卷】Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething23.disturbinghappeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe24.damageitcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.__25__,thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.25.A.Besides B.HoweverC.Therefore D.Otherwise【方法5利用语境暗示分析法解题】上下文语境具体体现为:全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次题中,我们通常可以通过上下文语境暗示,即根据已知信息,推导出正确答案。5.[2021·全国卷乙]Shewas__49__foreverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforher.Onherdayofdischarge,wesharedinher50.delightatherrecovery.Asshewas51.leavingshewaseagertosay52.goodbyetoeachofusinthenursingteam.49.A.grateful B.thoughtfulC.sorrowful D.fearful考法二:四大技巧稳抓句组层次题句组层次题是比句内层次题稍难一级的题目,其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中,解题时需瞻前顾后,综合意群信息解答。即本句信息不足填,空格前后再找信息源。【技巧1利用感情色彩关联解题】在完形填空中,我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中,仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的重要词汇,它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索,可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。1.【2021浙江卷1月卷】Myjobwasto45buildastairwayoutofrock.This46meantclimbingupanddownthesideofamountaininhabited(栖息)bymountainlions,althoughIshouldsaytheywereonlyheard,never47seen.Threedayslater,abeautifulstairwaycameintobeing.The48ofknowingthatmy49workwillbeonthatmountainsideforyearstocomeismassive.48.A.satisfaction B.ambitionC.expectation D.intention【技巧2利用逻辑关系解题】在句组层次题中,利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。2.【2021·天津卷3月卷】Inadditionto31.practicalskills,Pruitt'slessonsteachteamwork,encourageself-worth,andpromotefeelingsofcommunity.48,thekidshavegainedasenseofaccomplishment.32.A.Otherwise B.HoweverC.Somehow D.Meanwhile【技巧3利用语境暗示分析法解题】在句组层次题中,有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文的语境暗示来解题,即根据已知信息,推导出正确答案。3.【2021·全国卷甲卷】Burchillwas41.stayingatthehotelonbusinessandplanningto42.visitsomefriendsinthearea.Theyhadaskedhimto43.bringsomepepperoni(辣香肠)frombackeast.Sohe__44__asuitcasefullofpepperoni.44.A.filled B.lockedC.abandoned D.lost【技巧4利用词语复现解题】复现是一种语义衔接手段,它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念,使整篇文章上下连贯,有机地衔接在一起。因此,考生可根据文章的具体情况,理解文章的结构和语境,利用文章中的语义复现来选择正确的答案。一、原词复现4.【2022•全国甲】WhenIfirstdatedSteve,Ilearnedhehadadog,Molly,andacat,Flora.WhileIwasthrilledthathewasananimallover,Iworriedthatthreedogswereperhapstoomany,andmydogsmightattack46thecat.46.A.Flora B.Chance C.Molly D.Tilly提醒:Flora—Flora原词复现5.【2022·新高考I卷】Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.Someofourmemoriesarefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle.Once,we22alongChalkCreek.22.A.camped B.drove C.walked D.cycled提醒:campingcamped原词复现二、同义词复现6.【2018·全国卷】Whenmostofusgetatextmessageonourcellphonefromanunknownperson,weusuallysay“sorry,41(wrong)number!”andmoveon.ButwhenDennisWilliams42atextthatclearlywasn'tintendedforhim,hedidsomething43(special).42.A.received B.translated C.copied D.printed提醒:get—received是同义词复现7.【2021·天津】He23(offered)tofixbikesfreeofchargeforanyonewhoneededit.Healsoaskedforunwantedbikes,whichhewouldrepairagain24.24.A.byaccident B.inadvanceC.forfreeD.oncredit提醒:freeofcharge与forfree是同义词复现。三、近义词复现8.【2017·全国I卷】Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife,collegesetsthestageforthatexploration.Imyselfwentthroughthis41processandfoundsomethingthathaschangedmy42(experience)atcollegeforthebetter:IdiscoveredASL—AmericanSignLanguage(美式手语).41.A.searching

B.planning C.natural

D.formal9.【2022·新高考I卷】Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenweheadedoff,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequicklyinterruptedourpeacefulmorningtrip.The29pickedupandthunderrolled.29.A.wind B.noise C.temperature D.speed提醒:storms—wind近义词复现四、反义词复现10.【2022·新高考Ⅱ卷】Sheandherhusbandhavespentthelasttwoyearstravelingtheworld,stoppingeverywherefromParistoSingaporeItmightsoundlikeonelong,expensive42(vacation),butthecouplehasanunusualwaytomaketheirtravel43.43.A.safe B.busyC.helpful D.affordable11.【2019·全国Ⅱ卷】Ehlerseventuallysucceededincoaxingtheanimaltohim.Nervousnessandfearwerereplacedwith49.Itjuststartedlicking(舔)Ehlers’face.

49.A.surprise B.joy C.hesitation D.anxiety

提醒:Nervousnessandfear—joy是反义词复现五、上下词复现12.【2020·全国Ⅰ】Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk,mywifeandIhavekepttellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow...Onedaythey’ll47(wakeup)anddiscoverthateverythingthey’vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisa48(lie).Iwonderif49shouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe50(consequences).Ihaveaverystrong51(fear)thattheliewe’retellingisdoing52(spiritual)damagetoourchildren.49.A.parents B.twins C.colleagues D.teachers提醒:ourtwins,thekids以及下文中的ourchildren与下文parents是总括与分述的词汇复现13.【2022·全国乙卷】Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2-4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.Each47(child)satdownwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesor48.Wethenaskedthechildifshecould49(see)orheartheadult.Surprisingly,childrenrepliedthattheycouldn’t.48.A.feet B.nose C.hands D.ears提醒:ears与下文中的hear是上下词复现考法三:七种逻辑提升语篇层次题完形填空中主要考查七大逻辑关系:对立关系、并列和递进关系、目的和因果关系、条件关系、时间关系、层次和顺序关系、例证关系。一、对立关系对立关系包括让步、对比和转折关系,常见的标志词和短语有:but,however,yet(然而,但是),onthecontrary(相反),bycontrast(相比之下),unfortunately,although,eventhough,while,nevertheless(然而,不过),whereas(然而,反之),inspiteof(尽管),regardlessof(不管,不顾),anyhow,afterall(毕竟),insteadof(而不是),ratherthan(而不是),not...but,otherwise(否则),orelse,totheopposite(对立面),comparedwith等。1.【2022·全国乙卷】Foralongtime,thisineffectivehidingmethodwas44(interrepted)asevidencethatchildrenarehopelessly“egocentric”(自我中心的)creatures.Butour45(surprising)researchresultsinchilddevelopmentalpsychology46thatidea.46.A.explained B.confirmed C.contradicted D.tested2.【2020·天津卷】Hehasrecentlymadeasignificant16(discovery)—lonelinessisaserioussocialproblemthatcancontributetodepressionandevencrimes,butitcanbe17inacleverway.The18(solution)Chatbenches.17.A.experiencedB.sufferedC.prevented D.felt二、并列和递进关系并列和递进关系常用的标志词和短语有:and,or,neither...nor...,notonly...but(also)...,similarly等。3.【2022·全国甲卷】Ayearlater,muchtomy58delight,thismanproducedalittleboxwitharingandproposedtome.Hedidnotkneel(跪)down,nordidI59himto.That’sonlyforgiving60watertothedogsthatbroughtustogether.59.A.beg B.trust C.need D.aid4.【2019·北京卷】Thestudentswhohe’s15(driven)havegoneontobecomephysicians,teachersandengineers,butwhatthey’vealsogotoutoftheirtimeinschoolisfindingarolemodelandafriendinWilson.Somestudents16callhim“Grandpa”.16.A.even B.everC.once D.already三、目的和因果关系目的和因果关系常用的标志词和短语有:because,for,since,as,thus(因此),hence(因此),therefore,so,so...that,such...that,inorderthat,consequently(因此),accordingly,dueto,thanksto,onaccountof(由于,因为),becauseof,seeingthat(由于,因为),inthat(因为),nowthat,asaresult,forthisreason等。5.【2017·全国Ⅲ卷】Thetickethadastrictno-transfer(不可转让)45(policy),butsincepassportinformationwasnotrequiredwhen46(booking),anyCanadianElizabethGallaghercan47it.47.A.useB.borrowC.choose D.buy四、条件关系条件关系常用的标志词和短语有:if,unless,whether,supposing,onconditionthat,providedthat,dependingon等。6.【2019·江苏卷】Asyoumarkoffanother“EarthDay”inyourcalendars,contentthatforatleast24hoursIremainedinyourthoughts,IwantedtoremindyouthatIamfrightenedthat41Ican’tsoonreceivetheappropriatemedicineandcareIneed,myillnesswillbecometerminalbeyondallcures.41.A.when B.thoughC.if D.unless五、时间关系时间关系常用的标志词和短语有:before,since,as,until,meanwhile,atthemoment,when,whenever,assoonas等。7.【2020·江苏卷】Forhim,itwasonethingto49(accept)hisownfateofbeingblindandquiteanothertoallowsomethingtocontinue50itcouldbefixedsoeasily.Thismovedhimtoaction.50.A.until B.whenC.unless D.before六、层次和顺序关系层次和顺序关系常用的标志词和短语有:besides,finally,first,firstly,further,eventually,inthefirstplace,last,next,second,secondly,third,thirdly,tobeginwith,tostartwith,ontheonehand,ontheotherhand等。8.【2018·江苏卷】49,thecouplefoundthattheirbodiesturnedforthebetter,withre-foundstrongmusclesthattheythoughthad50.lostforever.49.A.Initially B.EventuallyC.TemporarilyD.Consequently七、例证关系例证关系常用的标志词和短语有:allinall,altogether,inbrief,insum,inconclusion,inshort,insummary,onthewhole,tosumup,tosummarize,asaproof,asanexample,forexample,forinstance,inparticular,justas,namely,suchas,thatis,asto,say等。9.【2014北京】“Ihopethismethodwouldbeputintopracticeinthenearfuture,41inthenext10years,”hesays.41.A.imagine B.sayC.suppose D.consider六、完形填空易错点及备考建议易错点一:不懂熟词生义对于一些看上去很熟悉的词,考生往往不知道或者不重视除了自己所记住的词义之外的其他意思或者其他词性。在平时的复习中考生不重视熟词生义,导致他们在高考紧张的答题时间内,脑海中出现的就只有自己最熟悉的意思,从而出现答题失误,导致丢分。近几年高考英语全国卷完形填空中频繁出现熟词生义这个考点,一般以下列两种形式呈现:一、一词多义【2021全国乙卷】Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferent42ofgratitude(感谢).A.gradesB.meaningsC.needsD.expectations【易错选项解析】B。答案怎么可能会是A?grades这个词再熟悉不过了,不是“年级”的意思吗?这是大部分考生看到这个词时的第一反应,殊不知,就是这种“最熟悉的陌生人”让考生与正确答案擦肩而过。考生不知道grade还可以表示“程度;等级”,因而在排除了C.needs(需求),D.expectations(期待)之后,勉强选了B.meanings(意思)。备考建议:为了加深学生对这一熟词生义的理解,强化记忆,建议教师用以下方法来进行巩固练习:(1)让学生在词典中查grade表示“程度;等级”的词条,并将英文释义摘抄到笔记本上,然后让他们再用这一释义造句,若学生自己造句有困难,可以摘抄词典上的例句。(2)教师可以准备含grade的典型例句,然后让学生选择和以上高考例题中意思相同的例句。例如:a.Mybrotherisinsixthgrade.年级b.HegotagradeAinmaths.分数c.Thebestgradesofteaareexpensive.‍等级02多词性词多词性词是指同一个词,在不变换词形的情况下,有一种以上的词性。如果平时学生不留意,没有掌握这种多词性词,那么在高考英语中它就会对学生答题造成干扰。

【2021全国乙卷】Thepatientlookedpuzzled,andthen

56.replied

:“Ohthisisn’tforthe

57.care

Ihad.Itakethatasa

58

.No,thisisforsettingmyhairyesterday.”A.goal

B.givenC.push

D.greeting

【易错选项解析】D。2021年高考英语的这道题难倒了诸多考生。根据考生回忆,当时没有选B的原因,主要是其不知道该词的意思。英语基础好一些的考生也只记得given是个形容词,但不知道其具体的意思。在这种情况下,考生排除了A.goal(目标),C.push(推),因不确定B.given的意思,尽管有一部分考生认为D.greeting(问候)带到原文中意思似乎也不对,但还是勉强选了D。备考建议:教师可以把高考英语完形填空真题当作语料库,同时引起学生重视这些试题,保证练习的效度。教师可以整理归纳高考真题中类似的考题,继续考查学生:‍(1)【2020年全国Ⅱ卷】Nicoloandanotherbidder

46

untilNicolofinallywonthepaintingsfor$32.

A.battled

B.debatedC.discussed

D.bargained

【答案】A.battlen.小战役→v.与……斗争/争夺。此处指Nicolo与另一位想买画的人争夺画。

(2)【2020年全国卷Ⅱ】The

59family

calledtheItalianCultureMinistry;theofficialconfirmedthatthepaintingswere

60

andworthasmuchas$50million.A.copies

B.originalsC.models

D.presents

易错点二:未能联系上下文高考英语完形填空都有特定的主题语境,但是考生往往会忽视语境对语篇的统摄作用,导致其做题时“只见树木,不见森林”。考生遇到不会的题,可以暂时放过,往往下文会有语境上的提示,这也是教师在讲解完形填空时经常对学生说的“上下求索”,即联系上下文。同词复现指的是完形填空中的某个设空处的答案在上下文中已经出现过。学生通过“上下求索”就能得出设空处的答案。

【2020全国Ⅰ卷】Iwonderif

49.parents

shouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe50.consequences.Ihaveaverystrong

51

thattheliewe’retellingisdoing

52.spiritualdamagetoourchildren...Maybeit’sanunreasonablefear.A.demand

B.fearC.desire

D.doubt

【易错选项解析】D。有的考生看到51空前的strong会选择doubt,觉得应该是我深深怀疑……,但是如果考生在这里多思考一下,接着看下文“Maybeit’sanunreasonablefear.”,就会得出正确答案为B.fear。备考建议教师在引导学生关注到这一特征之后,可以引导学生用箭头将下文出现的fear标向51空,这样通过视觉形象不断去强化这一考点,下次遇到类似的完形填空题,学生就会有意识地应用学到的技巧去解决类似的问题。为了巩固所学,教师可以找来类似的高考真题或者典型例题来强化这一知识点。例如:【2017年全国卷Ⅲ】YoumustbenamedElizabethGallagherandhaveaCanadian42.A.originB.passportC.accentD.friend易错点三:没记准固定搭配含义词义辨析或者固定搭配是完形填空的必考项,尤其是形近词辨析、动词短语或者介词短语辨析。这类题型考查的是学生对词义或固定搭配的识记能力,但考生往往因为选项中的单词或者短语比较相似而记不准词义,从而导致丢分。【2019全国Ⅱ卷】...butthegunshotshadscaredthedogoff.Jeffsearched

55

forRosieinthenextfourdays.A.onpurpose

B.ontimeC.inturn

D.invain【易错选项解析】A、B、C。A.onpurpose(故意),B.ontime(按时),C.inturn(依次;轮流),D.invain(徒劳)。考生如果没记准这些常见的固定搭配,就会想当然地随便选择选项。易错点四:缺乏常识或文化背景知识对于完形填空中的一些考查常识或文化背景的题,如果考生对相关的主题比较熟悉,有这方面的常识或者文化背景,那么正答率就高。这就要求考生的阅读面要广,有一定的常识及文化背景知识的积累。

【2019全国Ⅰ卷】58.Finally

youclimbintoanarctic-likezonewith

59

snowandtheglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.A.permanent

B.littleC.fresh

D.artificial

【易错选项解析】B。这篇完形填空的主题是人与自然,介绍了非洲最高的山——乞力马扎罗山的环境污染情况,以及在当地机构努力治理之后,其环境的改观。如果学生对乞力马扎罗山有所了解,就会知道它是世界上唯一的一座“赤道雪山”。目前乞力马扎罗山的冰雪融化、冰川消失现象非常严重,在过去的80年内冰川已经萎缩了80%以上。有环境专家指出,乞力马扎罗雪顶可能将在10年内彻底融化消失。选错的考生认为,既然积雪和冰川马上就要消亡了,那积雪肯定特别少,所以就误选了B.little。在缺乏背景知识的情况下,考生就会有各种奇葩的思路。七、完形填空高考真题演练(15空)【2024题组】【2024新课标I卷】阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。I’vebeenmotivated–anddemotivated–byotherfolks’achievementsallmylife.WhenIwasateenager,aneighborhoodfriend41amarathonrace.Feelingmotivated,Istartedrunning42,butthentwothingshappened.First,agirlImetonedaytoldmeshewas43fora“super,”referringtoa52.4-miledoublemarathon.Then,thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun–15miles.Tobehonest,I44it!Betweenthegirlmakingmy45seemsmallandthepureboredomofjogging,Idecidedthattheonly46I’deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!SoI47cycling.Igotagoodbikeandrodealot.I48ofenteringcycleracesuntilIflewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister.Whileshewasatworkoneday,I49herbikeandwentforaride.The50:TheroadstherewentthroughlargevalleyswhereI’dberidinguphillformilesatatime.I’dneverfacedsuch51.Thatday,Igot52byabout100“local”bikerswhowereusedtosuchroads.WhenIgotbackhome,suddenlyridingmybikedidn’tseemquiteas53.I’ve54alotsincethen.I’vecometoacceptthatwhatever55Isetformyself,theyjusthavetobemyown.41.A.knew B.held C.won D.quit42.A.regularly B.silently C.proudly D.recently43.A.asking B.looking C.waiting D.training44.A.made B.believed C.hated D.deserved45.A.advantage B.achievement C.contribution D.influence46.A.way B.risk C.place D.reason47.A.gaveup B.wenton C.turnedto D.dealtwith48.A.heard B.dreamed C.complained D.approved49.A.painted B.borrowed C.bought D.parked50.A.problem B.secret C.principle D.advice51.A.dangers B.events C.opponents D.challenges52.A.passed B.convinced C.admired D.stopped53.A.reliable B.convenient C.familiar D.appealing54.A.traveled B.matured C.missed D.worried55.A.limits B.dates C.goals D.tests【2024新课标II卷】阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。WhenIdecidedtobuyahouseinEuropetenyearsago,Ididn'tthinktoolong.IlikedtravelinginFrance,butwhenitcametopickingmyfavoritespotto___41___,Italywastheclearwinner.DuringmyfirstvisittoItaly,I___42___toaskfordirectionsororderinarestaurant.ButeverytimeItriedto___43___asentenceofItaliantogether,thelocalssmiledatmeand___44___mylanguageskills.Thatencouragementhelpedmetogetthroughthelanguage___45___.AfterImadeItalymypermanenthome,Idiscoveredhow___46___Italiansare.Neighborswillbringmefreshlymadecheeseandwillcometomydoorto___47___metoclosethewindowinmycarwhenrainiscoming.It'sthesesmall___48___ofkindnessthatmakeanewcountryfeellikehome.Asafoodie,thewaytomyheartisthroughmystomach,andnowherefuelsmy___49___quitelikeItaly.Eachtownhasitsowntraditional____50____,andeveryfamilykeepsarecipepassedfromonegenerationtoanother.Families____51____forbigmealsonSundays,birthdays,andwhateverotherexcusestheycan____52____.Thesemealsarealways____53____bylaughterandjoy.Whatever____54____lifeinItalymighthave,theproblemsare____55____onceyousitdowntoabigmealwithfriendsandfamily.41.A.study B.rent C.visit D.settle44.A.planned B.struggled C.refused D.happened45.A.string B.hang C.mix D.match44.A.improved B.assessed C.admired D.praised45.A.course B.barrier C.area D.test46.A.open-minded B.strong-willed C.warm-hearted D.well-informed47.A.remind B.allow C.persuade D.order48.A.tricks B.promises C.acts D.duties49.A.ambition B.success C.appetite D.growth50.A.costume B.dish C.symbol D.tale51.A.gather B.cheer C.leave D.wait54.A.putupwith B.standupfor C.comeupwith D.makeupfor55.A.signaled B.confirmed C.represented D.accompanied54.A.disadvantages B.meanings C.surprises D.opportunities55.A.created B.forgotten C.understood D.identified【2024浙江1月卷】阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whiletakinga20-hourtrainridealongtheedgeoftheTaklimakanDesertinnorthwesternChina,Ihadthekindofhumbling,educational,andaboveallelse,wonderful41withalocalthatalltravelerslongfor.AyoungChineseman42meonthetrain.My43friendspokevirtuallynoEnglish,soIhappilytookthe44topracticemyChinese.Overseveralhours,hewouldtellmeabouthowhehad45atwo-yearprofessionalschooltoquicklyfindajob46highwaysinordertohelpsupporthisfamily.Perhapsthemost47,however,wasthefactthatthismanspenthoursstudyingeverydayafterhardphysicallabor.Withoutbattinganeye,hewould48atranslatedEmersonpassagebeforeaskingabouttheliteraryinfluenceofAmerican49asawhole.”AndwhatdoyoualllearnaboutRussianauthors?”I50himaskingatonepoint.Itwouldhavebeeneasyto51myassumptionsaboutthishighwaybuilderwhohadneverbeenmorethanafewhundredmilesfromhome.Butthishighlyinformed,52,andadmirablepersonpreventedmedoingso.Inthecourseofacoupleofhours,he53mejusthowmuchonecangainfrom54withanopenmind,andawillingnessto55withlocalsfromallwalksoflife.41.A.experiment B.encounter C.competition D.appointment42.A.treated B.saved C.lectured D.approached43.A.true B.so-called C.new D.long-lost44.A.chance B.advice C.trouble D.right45.A.visited B.financed C.attended D.founded46.A.building B.sweeping C.checking D.guarding47.A.typical B.obvious C.natural D.remarkable48.A.publish B.quote C.copy D.download49.A.writers B.historians C.workers D.students50.A.anticipate B.imagine C.recall D.catch51.A.lookinto B.relyon C.goover D.dealwith52.A.well-behaved B.multi-skilled C.warm-hearted D.self-educated53.A.asked B.warned C.showed D.promised54.A.traveling B.reading C.searching D.teaching55.A.cooperate B.side C.negotiate D.engage八、完形填空名校模拟(15空)(2024·广东·二模)It’sbeenoverayearsinceIstartedmyvolunteerworkasacaregiveratawell-knownlocationhereinOklahoma.Duringarecentvisit,Ihada(n)1withanursethere.WediscussedhowIranintosomeissueswithmyrightlegafteraterriblefall.Iwassharinghowmynew2ledmetohavetomakesomepersonalchangesandsoI3someat-homeprojects,suchasavegetablegarden,achickenpen,andmypetbirds,whenJudithwheeledoverandpolitelyintroducedherself.She4offeredmealike-newbirdcagetoreplacemy5one,andIgratefullyacceptedher6.WhenIwenttoJudith’shouseto7thebirdcage,sheaskedifIcould8herforanupcomingsurgerysinceshehadnooneelsetorelyon.Ifelt9tobechosentotakecareofherafterthe10.Judith,whoisalsoa11andhasdevotedmanyyearstoworkingasahospitalvolunteer,truly12tobetreatedwithkindnessandrespect.Thisexperienceservesasabeautifulexampleoftwo13showingrandomactsofkindnesstowardseachother.Ifirmlybelievethateverythinghappensforareason,andIamtruly14fortheopportunitytocareforJudith.Inthefuture,shouldIeverneed15,Ihopetoreceivethesamelovingsupport.1.A.date B.drink C.argument D.conversation2.A.jobs B.rules C.challenges D.wishes3.A.funded B.sold C.created D.studied4.A.kindly B.proudly C.jokingly D.calmly5.A.hanging B.struggling C.hand-made D.solar-powered6.A.offer B.claim C.decision D.donation7.A.lookfor B.pickup C.throwoff D.putaway8.A.forgive B.thank C.interview D.accompany9.A.honored B.prepared C.relaxed D.qualified10.A.checkin B.accident C.operation D.examination11.A.patient B.doctor C.cleaner D.caregiver12.A.needs B.expects C.deserves D.continues13.A.nurses B.elders C.visitors D.strangers14.A.sorry B.grateful C.responsible D.famous15.A.advice B.assistance C.information D.guidance(2024·广东茂名·二模)Itwasabusymorningforme.AsIwaswalkingIsawanoldlady,maybeinher80s,standingquiteclosetothetraffic.Althoughmymindwas16,IthoughtIshouldwarnher.WhenI17thespot,Inoticedthatshewastryingtogetattentionofpassers-bybuttheyweretoobusyto18her.WhenItriedtogentlymoveherbacktoasafeplace,shesaidshehad19herkeyinthemiddleoftheroad.Ilookedaroundbutnoonestopped.IknewIwasgetting20butdecidedtohelp.Ontheroadwereofficegoersincarsaswellasschoolbuses21withchildren.Itwasthe22timeofthedaytocrossabusyroadwithoutatrafficlight.Icarefullysteppedontotheroadwavingmyhandswildwith23almostexpectingtobehitbyanoncomingvehicle.Imovedontothemiddleoftheroad24towavemyhand.JustthenaschoolbuswasapproachingmeandI25walkedinfrontofittostopit.Myexperiencehasbeen

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