湖南省邵阳市拔尖创新人才早期培养2024-2025学年高一上学期第一次联考英语试题（解析版）

秘密★启用前2024年邵阳市拔尖创新人才早期培养高一第一次联考试题卷英语本试卷共10页，67个小题。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡上“贴条形码区”。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案写在试题卷上无效。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4.保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，只交答题卡，试题卷自行保存。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Stayathome.B.Gotoagame.C.Attendafashionshow.2.Whatisthemanmostlikelytodothesedays?A.Learnphotography.B.Playsports.C.Drawpictures.3.HowdoesLucasfeel?A.Surprised.B.Annoyed.C.Excited.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atalibrary.B.Atabookstore.C.Atasupermarket.5.WhyisDannymovingtoSeattle?A.Hewillbeworkingthere.B.Heenjoystheweatherthere.C.Hewantstogetawayfromhome.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatisBoris’sproblem?A.Heistoobusytostudy.B.Hecan’tspeakChinese.C.Heisrefusedbyacollege.7.WhatdoesthewomansuggestBorisdo?A.Takeacourse.B.Setuphisownfirm.C.Tourthelocalcollege.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhydoesMarygiveRonacall?A.Toarrangearepairtimeforhim.B.Toinformhimofthepriceincrease.C.Totellhimabouttherepairsituation.9.WhatdoesJessemostprobablydo?A.Adeliveryman.B.Arepairman.C.Apostalclerk.10.HowmuchwillRonpayintotal?A.$170.B.$180.C.$210.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thearrivalofnewstaff.B.Theplanforthemeetings.C.Therelocationofsomeemployees.12.Whoisinoffice303now?A.Eric.B.Steve.C.Susan.13.Whyisthemanpleased?A.Hisnewofficewillbelarger.B.HisrequestwasapprovedbyJulia.C.Hismeetingswithcustomerswentwell.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.InMarch.B.InApril.C.InMay.15.WhatdoesAmysuggestJasondo?A.TakeatriptoBangkok.B.Packasmanyclothesaspossible.C.Arrangeactivitiesbasedontemperature.16.WhatdidAmyforgettotakeduringherlasttriptoThailand?A.Hernotebook.B.Somemedicine.C.Somesunscreen.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhichcompanydidWallyAmosworkforatfirst?AFamousAmosCookie.B.UncleNonameCookie.C.WilliamMorrisAgency.18.WhendidtheFamousAmosCookiereach$12millioninsales?A.In1975.B.In1982.C.In1985.19.WhydidtheFamousAmosCookiestarttolosemoney?A.Fortheunsuccessfulcookies.B.Forthestrongcompetition.C.Forthepoormanagement.20.WhathappenedtoWallyAmosin1988?A.Hesoldhisfirstcompany.B.HejoinedtheShanbyGroup.C.Hechangedhiscompany’sname.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHereisagreatwayforyoutoexplorethebeautifulcountrysideandcolorfulChineseminoritycultureofsoutheastGuizhouduringthreedays.Withthis3-dayGuizhoutour,youcanappreciatetheamazingwoodenarchitectureoftheDongethnicminority,discoveramysteriousbranchoftheMiaoethnicminority,hikeamongtheterracedfields,dressupinthetraditionaldressoftheDongpeople,andtrytheirspecialtastyfood.Hereisasuggestedplanofajourney.DAY1ArriveinZhaoxingDongVillageMeetyourpersonalguideatCongjiangtrainstation.DrivetoZhaoxingDongVillage(about10minutes).ExplorebeautifulZhaoxingVillageintheafternoon.Yourguidewillwalkaroundwithyou,explainingthestyleoftheDongwoodenbuildings,localcustoms,andtheDongpeople’slifestyle.AndtheDongpeople’sdancingandsingingeveningshowisveryenjoyable.DAY2ZhaoxingRiceTerracedFieldsHikeandVillagesDrivetoHuanggangDongVillageinthemorning.Ontheway,youwillstoptohikearoundtheterracedfields.Enjoygreatviewsofthericeterracesandthevillagesonthemountainslopes(山坡).ExplorepeacefulHuanggangVillageandZhanliVillage,whereyouwillseemoreoftheauthenticcultureoftheDong.VisitBiashaMiaovillageintheafternoon.Enjoytheirtraditionaldancingandtheirceremonywithguns.DAY3ZhaoxingDeparture(离开)Visitabatik(蜡染)workshopinthemorning.LearnandexperiencemakingbatikintheDongstyle.Makeauniquesouvenironyourown(withguidance).TransfertoCongjiangTrainStationforyourdeparture1.Whatcanyoudoduringthethree-daytour?A.TasteDongpeople’straditionaldrinks.B.TryonDongpeople’straditionalclothes.C.Plantcropsamongtheterracedfields.D.LiveDongpeople’straditionallivesinthevillage.2.WhichactivitycanbeenjoyedonbothDay1andDay2?A.WatchingDongpeople’seveningshows.B.Hikingaroundtheterracedfields.C.VisitingDongpeople’svillages.D.MakingyourownbatikintheDongstyle.3.Wheremayyoureadthispassage?A.Inatraveljournal. B.Inageographytextbook.C.Inagovernmentreport. D.Inatourhandout.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一个为期三天的贵州旅行建议。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Withthis3-dayGuizhoutour,youcanappreciatetheamazingwoodenarchitectureoftheDongethnicminority,discoveramysteriousbranchoftheMiaoethnicminority,hikeamongtheterracedfields,dressupinthetraditionaldressoftheDongpeople,andtrytheirspecialtastyfood.(在为期3天的贵州之旅中，您可以欣赏侗族令人惊叹的木制建筑，发现苗族的神秘分支，在梯田中徒步旅行，穿上侗族的传统服装，品尝他们的特色美食)”可知，在为期三天的旅行中，你可以试穿侗族传统服饰。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据DAY1ArriveinZhaoxingDongVillage部分的“DrivetoZhaoxingDongVillage(about10minutes).(乘车至肇星侗寨(约10分钟))”和DAY2ZhaoxingRiceTerracedFieldsHikeandVillages部分的“DrivetoHuanggangDongVillageinthemorning.(上午乘车前往黄冈侗寨)”可知，在第一天和第二天都可以享受到的活动是参观侗族村寨。故选C。3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Hereisasuggestedplanofajourney.(这是一个旅行建议计划)”可推知，文章可能出自一个旅游传单。故选D。BKevinBeardismyclassinstructor.Mostweeks,I’dgreetKevinashesetupgloves,mats,andotherequipment.SoIwasshockedwhenIarrivedonedaytofindhimstandinginfrontoftheroomtellingastory,withtearsstreamingdownhischeeks.Iwasworriedsomethinghadgoneterriblywronginhislife,butasIlistenedtohimtalk,Iheardhimusewordslike“amazing”and“accomplishment.”Irealizedhistearsweren’toutofsorrow,buthappiness.Justafewdaysearlier,he’dreceivedhisGED(GeneralEquivalencyDiploma),attheageof52.Havingdyslexia(阅读障碍),Kevinleftschoolatayoungageandthenmanagedtosupporthimselfbytakingoddjobs.Inhismid-30s,Kevinfinallylandedanopportunityforajobwithsomepromise:workingforasheriff’sdepartment(治安部门).Amazingly,whenhecamecleanwiththemabouthiseducation,theysaidthey’dhirehimaslongashegothisGED.Heagreed,optimisticaboutthisnewcareerpotential,andkindofexcitedaboutgivingschoolanotherchance.Kevinstudiedwithatutor(家庭教师),andhediditformorethanadecade,learningandpracticingandcorrectinghismistakes,everyfreemomenthehad,oftenlateintothenight.Itwasahugechallenge,somethingKevincomparesto“climbingamountain.”Infact,asKevintooktestsalongtheway,hedidsomethinginterestingwitheachofhisresults.Hepostedthemonhisbedroomwallsothathecouldwatchhisprogress.“Ineededtoseemyselfmovingforward,andIwantedtospeak,”hesaid.Finally,hemadeit.“Ican’treallydescribewhatit’sliketofinallyachievethis,”hesaid.“Icanhardlyevenputitintowords.Peoplearegivingmegraduationgifts!It’sadreamcometrue.”Thismightsoundlikeaperfectending.ButforKevin,it’sanewbeginning.He’sonaroll,andhisnextstepiscollege.“NowthatI’veaccomplishedmyGED,I’mhungryforeducation,”hesaid.4.WhydidKevincryintheclassroom?A.Hewasworriedabouthisfuture.B.Hehadreachedoneofhisgoals.C.Hewasmovedbyatouchingstory.D.Hehadexperiencedsomethingterrible.5.Whatwastheresponseofthesheriff’sdepartmentwhentheylearnedofKevin’seducation?A.Theyrecommendedapart-timejobtohim.B.Theyassessedhissuitabilityforthejob.C.Theyrefusedhimdirectly.D.Theygavehimhope.6.HowdidKevinencouragehimselftokeepgoingtogethisGED?A.Bytakingtimetodothingsthatinteresthim.B.Byreportinghistestresultstohistutor.C.Bywritinghimselfencouragingwords.D.Byremindinghimselfofhisprogress.7.WhatcanwelearnfromKevin’sstory?A.Wherethere’sawill,there’saway. B.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.C.Practicemakesperfect. D.Graspall,loseall.【答案】4.B5.D6.D7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了从小患有阅读障碍的凯文坚持不懈，克服重重困难，终于在52岁时获得普通同等学历文凭GED的励志故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Irealizedhistearsweren’toutofsorrow,buthappiness.Justafewdaysearlier,he’dreceivedhisGED(GeneralEquivalencyDiploma),attheageof52.”（我意识到他的眼泪不是因为悲伤，而是因为幸福。就在几天前，他52岁时获得了普通同等学历文凭GED）可知，凯文在教室里哭泣是因为他实现了自己的一个目标，故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Inhismid-30s,Kevinfinallylandedanopportunityforajobwithsomepromise:workingforasheriff’sdepartment.Amazingly,whenhecamecleanwiththemabouthiseducation,theysaidthey’dhirehimaslongashegothisGED.”（30多岁的凯文终于找到了一份有前途的工作：在治安部门工作。令人惊讶的是，当他向他们坦白自己的教育时，他们说只要他拿到GED，他们就会雇用他）可知，当治安部门了解凯文的教育情况后，他们给了凯文希望——只要他拿到GED，他们就会雇用他，故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Infact,asKevintooktestsalongtheway,hedidsomethinginterestingwitheachofhisresults.”（事实上，在凯文进行测试的过程中，他对每个结果都做了一些有趣的事情。他把它们贴在卧室的墙上，以便看到自己的进步）可知，凯文是通过提醒自己已经取得的进步来鼓励自己坚持下去，最终获得GED的，故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了从小患有阅读障碍的凯文坚持不懈，克服重重困难，终于在52岁时获得普通同等学历文凭GED的励志故事，从他的经历中我们可以学到“有志者事竟成”，故选A。COfficialshaveunveiledthegold,silverandbronzemedalsthatwillbeawardedatthissummer’sOlympicgamesinParis,andeachonecontainsauniquesouvenir:afragmentofwasteironfromtheEiffelTower.“It’stheopportunityfortheathletestobringbackapieceofPariswiththem,”ThierryReboul,creativedirectorofParis2024,toldreporterslastweek.“TheabsolutesymbolofParisandFranceistheEiffelTower.”TheEiffelToweropenedin1889andduringthelaterrepairwork,someoftheoriginalironwascutoffandpreservedovertime.Now,someofthosepreservedmetalfragmentshavefoundnewhomes.EachnewOlympicmedalfeaturesapieceofEiffelToweriron—thoughthesignature“EiffelTowerbrown”painthasbeenremoved.Thesepieceshavebeenshapedintohexagons(六边形),whichisthe“shapeofFrance”.Besides,therearewords“Paris2024”,theOlympicringsandtheGameslogo,whichlookslikeaflameorthefaceofawomanwithabobhaircut.Howdidtheythinkofsuchanidea?JoachimRoncin,headofdesignattheParisGamesorganizingcommitteetoldthepress,“Wetalkedaboutthedesignmanytimesandrealizedthatthere’sonesymbolknownacrosstheworld,whichistheEiffelTower.Wesaidtoourselves,’‘Hey,whatifweapproachedtheEiffelTowerOperatingCompanytoseeifit’spossibletogetabitoftheEiffelTowertointegrateintothemedal?”WhentheEiffelTowerOperatingCompanyagreedtovolunteerpiecesoforiginaliron,“thedreambecamereality,”addsRoncin.Themedals,designedbytheluxuryParisjewelryhouseChaumet,makepeoplethinkoftheEiffelTowerinseveralotherways.Thepiecesofironaresecuredbywhatlookslikespecialnailsthatholdthestructuretogether,andthemedals’ribbonsaredecoratedwithpatternsofthetower’slatticeworkstructure.Theironfragmentsaresetinrecycledsilver,goldandbronzedisks.Over5,000medalsarebeingmade.8.WhatdoesThierrymeanbysaying“bringbackapieceofParis”?A.Partoftheathletes’medalisfromthesymbolofParis. B.TheathleteswilltakemanyphotosofParis.C.TheathleteswillbuysouvenirsaboutParis. D.TheEiffelTowerwillbeleftintheathletes’memory.9.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph4?A.TheprocessingtechniqueoftheEiffelTowerironpieces.B.TheshapeandmaterialoftheOlympicmedal.C.ThedesignoftheEiffelTowerironfragmentonthemedal.D.Thesymbolicmeaningofthehexagons.10.Howdidthedesignersgettheideaofaddingthewasteiron?A.TheEiffelTowerOperatingCompanyputforwardtheidea.B.TheOlympiccommitteeapprovedofthisdesign.C.Somevolunteersconsideredittobeagoodidea.D.Theygottheinspirationwhilehavingdiscussion.11.WhatcanweinferaboutthenewOlympicmedals?A.TheytaketheshapeoftheEiffelTower. B.TheyareinnovativeandtypicalofFrenchfeature.C.Theyrepresentacombinationofdifferentcultures. D.Theyillustratetheideaofsustainabledevelopment.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴黎奥运会奖牌的新颖设计、创意的来源以及其他的背景知识等。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段““It’stheopportunityfortheathletestobringbackapieceofPariswiththem,”ThierryReboul,creativedirectorofParis2024,toldreporterslastweek.“TheabsolutesymbolofParisandFranceistheEiffelTower.””（巴黎2024年奥运会创意总监蒂埃里•雷布尔(ThierryReboul)上周告诉记者：“对运动员来说，这是一个把巴黎的一部分带回来的机会。”“埃菲尔铁塔是巴黎和法国的绝对象征。”）可知，奖牌上有埃菲尔铁塔上面的碎铁，而埃菲尔铁塔是巴黎的标志性建筑，由此可知，蒂埃里说“带回一片巴黎”指的是运动员的奖牌上有一部分来自巴黎的象征。故选A项。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“EachnewOlympicmedalfeaturesapieceofEiffelToweriron—thoughthesignature“EiffelTowerbrown”painthasbeenremoved.Thesepieceshavebeenshapedintohexagons(六边形),whichisthe“shapeofFrance”.Besides,therearewords“Paris2024”,theOlympicringsandtheGameslogo,whichlookslikeaflameorthefaceofawomanwithabobhaircut.”（每一枚新的奥运奖牌上都有一块埃菲尔铁塔的铁——尽管标志性的“埃菲尔铁塔棕色”油漆已经被去掉了。这些碎片被塑造成六边形，这是“法国的形状”。此外，还有“巴黎2024”字样、奥运五环和奥运会徽，会徽看起来像一束火焰，或者是一个短发女人的脸。）可知，本段介绍了新的巴黎奥运奖牌上的埃菲尔铁塔碎片设计。故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Howdidtheythinkofsuchanidea?JoachimRoncin,headofdesignattheParisGamesorganizingcommitteetoldthepress,“Wetalkedaboutthedesignmanytimesandrealizedthatthere’sonesymbolknownacrosstheworld,whichistheEiffelTower.Wesaidtoourselves,’‘Hey,whatifweapproachedtheEiffelTowerOperatingCompanytoseeifit’spossibletogetabitoftheEiffelTowertointegrateintothemedal?””（他们是怎么想到这个主意的？巴黎奥组委设计负责人约阿希姆·朗辛告诉媒体：“我们多次讨论设计方案，并意识到有一个世界闻名的标志，那就是埃菲尔铁塔。我们对自己说，“嘿，如果我们联系埃菲尔铁塔运营公司，看看是否有可能把埃菲尔铁塔的一部分融入到奖牌中呢？”）可推知，设计者们是在讨论在中得到将埃菲尔铁塔的一部分融入到奖牌中这个想法的。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容以及第一段“Officialshaveunveiledthegold,silverandbronzemedalsthatwillbeawardedatthissummer'sOlympicgamesinParis,andeachonecontainsauniquesouvenir:afragmentofwasteironfromtheEiffelTower.”（官方公布了将在今年夏季巴黎奥运会上颁发的金、银、铜牌，每一枚奖牌都有一个独特的纪念品：埃菲尔铁塔上的废铁碎片。）可知，法国把埃菲尔铁塔的碎片经过加工设计镶嵌到了奥运奖牌中，这是其他国家没有的，因此推断新的奥运奖牌是独特、新颖的。故选B项。DThebenefitsofregularexercisearewelldocumentedbutthere’sanewbonustoaddtotheever-growinglist.Newresearchersfoundthatmiddle-agedwomenwhowerephysicallyfitcouldbenearly90percentlesslikelytodevelopdementia(痴呆)inlaterlife,andastheydid,itcameonadecadelaterthanlesssportywomen.LeadresearcherDr.HelenaHorder,oftheUniversityofGothenburginSweden,said:“Thesefindingsareexcitingbecauseit’spossiblethatimprovingpeople’scardiovascular(心血管的)fitnessinmiddleagecoulddelayorevenpreventthemfromdevelopingdementia.”Forthestudy,191womenwithanaverageageof50tookabicycleexercisetestuntiltheywereexhaustedtomeasuretheirpeak(最大值的)cardiovascularcapacity.Theaveragepeakworkloadwasmeasuredat103watts.Atotalof40womenmetthecriteriaforahighfitnesslevel,120wattsorhigher.Atotalof92womenwereinthemediumfitnesscategory;and59womenwereinthelowfitnesscategory,definedasapeakworkloadof80wattsorless,orhavingtheirexercisetestsstoppedbecauseofhighbloodpressure,chestpainorothercardiovascularproblems.Thesewomenwerethentestedfordementiasixtimesoverthefollowingfourdecades.Duringthattime,44ofthewomendevelopeddementia.Fivepercentofthehighlyfitwomendevelopeddementia,comparedto25percentofthewomenwithmediumfitnessand32percentofthewomenwithlowfitness.“However,thisstudydoesnotshowcauseandeffectbetweencardiovascularfitnessanddementia,itonlyshowsanassociation.Moreresearchisneededtoseeifimprovedfitnesscouldhaveapositiveeffectontheriskofdementiaandalsotolookatwhenduringalifetimeahighfitnesslevelismostimportant.”Shealsoadmittedthatarelativelysmallnumberofwomenwerestudied,allofwhomwerefromSweden,sotheresultsmightnotbeapplicabletoothergroups.12.Whatisontheever-growinglistmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Exercisessuitableforthemiddle-aged. B.Experimentalstudiesondiseases.C.Positiveeffectsofdoingexercises. D.Advantagesofsportywomanoverman.13.Whydidtheresearchersaskthewomentodobicycleexercise?A.Toassesstheircardiovascularcapacity. B.Topredicttheirmaximumheartrate.C.Tochangetheirhabitsofworkingout. D.Todetecttheirpotentialhealthproblems.14.WhatdoweknowaboutDrHorder’sstudy?A.Datacollectionwasalengthyprocess. B.Itaimedtofindacurefordementia.C.Someparticipantsdropoutofit. D.Theresultswerefarfromsatisfactory.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MoreWomenAreExercisingtoPreventDementiaB.Middle-AgedWomenNeedtoDoMoreExerciseC.BikingImprovesWomen’sCardiovascularFitnessD.FitWomenAreLessLikelytoDevelopDementia【答案】12.C13.A14.A15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要通过一项研究说明身体健康的中年女性在老年时患失智症的几率会大大降低。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Newresearchersfoundthatmiddle-agedwomenwhowerephysicallyfitcouldbenearly90percentlesslikelytodevelopdementia(痴呆)inlaterlife,andastheydid,itcameonadecadelaterthanlesssportywomen.(新的研究人员发现，身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的可能性要低近90%，而且确实如此，与不太喜欢运动的女性相比，她们患痴呆症的时间要晚十年。)”可知，第一段提到了健身锻炼的好处。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thesefindingsareexcitingbecauseit’spossiblethatimprovingpeople’scardiovascular(心血管的)fitnessinmiddleagecoulddelayorevenpreventthemfromdevelopingdementia.(这些发现令人兴奋，因为在中年时改善人们的心血管健康可能会延缓甚至防止他们患上痴呆症。)”以及第三段“Forthestudy,191womenwithanaverageageof50tookabicycleexercisetestuntiltheywereexhaustedtomeasuretheirpeak(最大值的)cardiovascularcapacity.Theaveragepeakworkloadwasmeasuredat103watts.(在这项研究中，191名平均年龄为50岁的女性进行了自行车运动测试，直到她们精疲力竭，以测量她们的心血管峰值能力。)”可知，做这项实验的目的是为了测试女性的心血管峰值能力。故选A项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Thesewomenwerethentestedfordementiasixtimesoverthefollowingfourdecades.(这些女性在随后的四十年里测试了六次痴呆症状况。)”可知，此次实验的数据收集是一个长期的过程。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Newresearchersfoundthatmiddle-agedwomenwhowerephysicallyfitcouldbenearly90percentlesslikelytodevelopdementia(痴呆)inlaterlife,andastheydid,itcameonadecadelaterthanlesssportywomen.(新的研究人员发现，身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的可能性要低近90%，而且确实如此，与不太喜欢运动的女性相比，她们患痴呆症的时间要晚十年。)”以及文章后面几段通过列举实验目的、过程、方式、结果等，说明了身体健康的中年女性在老年时患痴呆症的几率会大大降低。故选D项。第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Greenexerciseisatermusedtodescribeanytypeofphysicalexercisethattakesplaceinanaturalenvironmentratherthaninahealthcluborgym.____16____.Instead,itreliesontheuseofnaturalmeansoftakingpartinactivitiesthatimprovestrengthandendurancewithaslittlerelianceonequipmentaspossible.____17____.Forexample,someconsideratrulynaturalexerciseexperiencerequiresthattheindividualwearclothingonlymadefromnaturalfibers.Othersconsiderbarefootrunningorwalkingwithabigarenatobemoredesirablethanrunningorwalkingwithshoes.Aslightlydifferentapproachtogreenexerciseputsmorestressonthefreshair,sunshineandinvolvementwiththenaturalworld,ratherthantheequipmentorclothingusedduringtheexercise.____18____.Similarly,climbingamountainusingstandardequipmentandprotectiveclothingwouldalsobeconsideredagreenexercise.Manyconsidergreenexercisehelpstoreconnecthumanbeingswiththenaturalworld.Theinteractionwithnaturehelpstolowerpeople'sbloodpressure,refreshtheirmind,andactuallyimprovetheirself-esteem.____19____.Noteveryonebelievesthatthegreenexerciseismorebeneficialthanworkingoutinahealthcluborgym.____20____.Meanwhile,theuseoffitnessdevicesmayresultinmorechallengingworkoutswhichhelpstrengthentheheartandlungsinwaysthatmoresimplisticexerciseinanaturalsettingwouldbedifficulttomanage.A.AgreengymusesaslittleequipmentaspossibleB.SpiritsarealsobelievedtobepositivelyaffectedC.OpinionsonwhattrulygreenexercisemeansdifferD.GreenexerciseincludesarangeofactivitiesexposedtonatureE.SoridingabicycleintheforestcanbecalledatypeofgreenexerciseF.Itusuallydoesn'tusefitnessequipmentthatisnormallyfoundinagymG.Somepointoutthatmanyhealthclubsarebuilttomakefulluseofnaturallight【答案】16.F17.C18.E19.B20.G【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的运动方式——绿色运动，不同于在使用健身房的健身设施，更强调与大自然的接触，表明其利弊。【16题详解】根据上文“Greenexerciseisatermusedtodescribeanytypeofphysicalexercisethattakesplaceinanaturalenvironmentratherthaninahealthcluborgym.（绿色运动是一个术语，用于描述在自然环境中进行的任何类型的体育锻炼，而不是在健身俱乐部或健身房中。）”开头介绍绿色运动不同于在健身房的锻炼，空格处承上启下，以及后文的“Instead,”表明空格处的意义与后文相反。因此，空格处应继续说明绿色运动与健身房运动的不同之处，F项“Itusuallydoesn'tusefitnessequipmentthatisnormallyfoundinagym(它通常不使用健身房里常见的健身器材)”符合文意，提到了“gym”，与上下文一致。故选F。【17题详解】根据后文“Forexample,someconsideratrulynaturalexerciseexperiencerequiresthattheindividualwearclothingonlymadefromnaturalfibers.Othersconsiderbarefootrunningorwalkingwithabigarenatobemoredesirablethanrunningorwalkingwithshoes.（例如，一些人认为，真正自然的运动体验要求人只穿天然纤维制成的衣服。其他人则认为赤脚跑步或在大型竞技场上行走，比穿着鞋子跑步或行走更可取。）”从两个方面举例说明了两种不同的绿色运动方式。因此空格处总结性说明不同的人，对于什么是真正的绿色运动观点不同。C项“Opinionsonwhattrulygreenexercisemeansdiffer(人们对什么是真正的绿色运动意见不一)”符合文意。故选C。【18题详解】根据后文“Similarly,climbingamountainusingstandardequipmentandprotectiveclothingwouldalsobeconsideredagreenexercise.（同样，使用标准设备和防护服爬山也将被视为绿色运动。）”表明什么样的锻炼会被视为绿色运动，由“Similarly,”可知，空格处也是在介绍绿色运动的类型，而E项中“canbecalledatypeofgreenexercise”与后文中的“alsobeconsideredagreenexercise”结构一致，都是在介绍绿色运动的类型，E项“Soridingabicycleintheforestcanbecalledatypeofgreenexercise(因此，在森林里骑自行车可以被称为一种绿色运动)”符合文意。故选E。【19题详解】根据前文“Theinteractionwithnaturehelpstolowerpeoples’bloodpressure,refreshtheirmind,andactuallyimprovetheirself-esteem.（与大自然的互动有助于降低人们的血压，更新他们的思维，并真正地提高他们的自尊。）”介绍了绿色运动对于身体、头脑和心理健康的优点，而B项“Spiritsarealsobelievedtobepositivelyaffected(人们认为，精神也会受到积极影响)”承接上文，接着说明了绿色运动在精神上的积极影响。故选B。【20题详解】根据上文“Noteveryonebelievesthatthegreenexerciseismorebeneficialthanworkingoutinahealthcluborgym.（并非所有人都认为绿色运动比在健身俱乐部或健身房锻炼更有益。）”可知，该段在介绍另一种观点，指出使用健身器材锻炼也有好处，以及“Meanwhile,…”后文说明使用健身器材有利于增强心肺功能。因此，空格处也是在讲述健身俱乐部或者健身房的优点，G项“Somepointoutthatmanyhealthclubsarebuilttomakefulluseofnaturallight(一些人指出，许多健身俱乐部都是为了充分利用自然光而建的)”符合文意，其中的“manyhealthclubs”与上文的“inahealthcluborgym”上下一致。故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasshockedwhenmysociallyawkwardsister,whohadsufferedfromAspergerSyndrome(阿斯伯格综合症),decidedtosinginfrontoftheschool.Iknewshewould____21____meinsomeway,soIprotested.However,myparentsinsistedthatshe____22____andIwouldhavetobepartoftheaudience.Isilentlyhopedthatsomethingwouldhappento____23____mefromwatchingherlosingface.AsIwaitedinthehall,sweat____24____myforehead.Icomfortedmyselfthatnooneknewshewasmysisterandtriedtopersuademyselfthatitwouldbe____25____.Thelightsdarkenedandthe____26____openedtoreveal(使露面)mysisterstandingaloneonstage.Sheseemed____27____,takingaminutetostammer(结结巴巴地说)hernameandclass.____28____begantobeheardintheaudience.Ishiftednervouslyinmyseat,afraidwhatwasabouttohappen.Butasmysisterstartedtosing,Iwas____29____.Hervoiceflowedeffortlesslyandmelodiously,fillingthehallwithits____30____.Iwatchedinwonder,realizingIhadneverknownshecouldsingso____31____.Ilistenedcarefullytothelyric(歌词)shehadwrittenherself,feelingashamedfordoubtingher____32____.MyheartgavewayasIheardtheheartfeltwords.Inthatmoment,guiltandshamefloodedmyheart.____33____myunwillingnesstosupporther,shehadnevertakenanythingthatIhaddonetohertoheart.ItwasthenthatIdeterminedtoloveher____34____.Itwasasifaveil(面纱)hadbeen____35____frommyeyes,andmyheartwasfull.21.A.embarrass B.impress C.surprise D.support22.A.hide B.quit C.escape D.perform23.A.protect B.save C.recover D.rescue24.A.pickedup B.climbedupon C.tookoff D.wentup25.A.impressive B.exciting C.fine D.challenging26.A.characters B.lectures C.curtains D.signals27.A.confident B.nervous C.prepared D.relaxed28.A.Cries B.Crashes C.Whispers D.Screams29.A.entertained B.disappointed C.relieved D.shocked30.A.power B.weakness C.silence D.darkness31.A.softly B.loudly C.quietly D.beautifully32.A.abilities B.failures C.talents D.weaknesses33.A.Without B.Despite C.Beyond D.Within34.A.extremely B.equally C.unconditionally D.finally35.A.lifted B.dropped C.covered D.hidden【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.B25.C26.C27.B28.C29.D30.A31.D32.A33.B34.C35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了患有阿斯伯格综合症、不善社交的妹妹在全校师生面前唱歌，这件事情最后引起了作者的反思。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道她会以某种方式使我难堪，所以我提出了抗议。A.embarrass使窘迫，使难堪；B.impress给……留下深刻印象；C.surprise(使)吃惊；D.support支持。根据前文的“Iwasshockedwhenmysociallyawkwardsister,whohadsufferedfromAspergerSyndrome(阿斯伯格综合症),decidedtosinginfrontoftheschool”可知，妹妹患有阿斯伯格综合症、不善社交，但是决定在全校师生面前唱歌，作者觉得这会让自己难堪。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的父母坚持要她表演，而我必须是观众中的一员。A.hide隐藏；B.quit退出；C.escape逃脱；D.perform表演。根据前文的“Iwasshockedwhenmysociallyawkwardsister,whohadsufferedfromAspergerSyndrome(阿斯伯格综合症),decidedtosinginfrontoftheschool.”可知，患有阿斯伯格综合症、不善社交的妹妹决定在全校师生面前唱歌，所以父母坚持要她表演。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我默默地希望会发生什么意外，免得我看着她丢脸。A.protect保护；B.save免得，避免；C.recover恢复；D.rescue营救。根据前文的“Iknewshewould1meinsomeway,soIprotested.”、“Isilentlyhopedthatsomethingwouldhappen”和后文“mefromwatchingherlosingface”可知，作者觉得这会让自己难堪，所以默默地希望会发生什么意外，免得自己看着妹妹丢脸；savesb.fromdoing...“使某人免于做某事”。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在大厅里等着的时候，汗水爬上了我的额头。A.pickedup拿起；B.climbedupon爬上；C.tookoff取下；D.wentup上升。根据前文的“sweat”和后文“myforehead”可知，汗水爬上了作者的额头。故选B项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我安慰自己，没人知道她是我妹妹，并试图说服自己，一切都会好的。A.impressive令人印象深刻的；B.exciting令人兴奋的；C.fine好的；D.challenging具有挑战性的。根据前文的“nooneknewshe