常用单词、词根变化、词义相近(作文-选词填空-完形填空)

常用单词、词根变化、词义相近（作文、选词填空、完形填空）一、一个星期七天SundayMondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridaySaturday二、一年十二个月JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember三、一年四季1.spring2.summer3.autumn4.winter四、容易拼写错的数字1.eighth第八2.ninth第九3.forty四十4.twelfth第十二5.twentieth第二十四、亲属称呼1.daughter(女儿)2.niece(女性晚辈)3.nephew(男性晚辈)4.cousin(同辈兄弟姐妹)5.aunt(女性长辈)6.uncle(男性长辈)五、以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母1.regret(regretted,regretting)后悔2.control(controlled,controlling)控制3.admit(admitted,admitting)承认4.occur(occurred,occurring)出现5.prefer(preferred,preferring)宁愿6.refer(referred,referring)提到7.forget(forgetting)忘记8.permit(permitted,permitting)允许9.equip(equipped,equipping)装备注意：quarrel,signal,travel中的l可双写（英国英语）也可不双写（美国英语）六、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词1.broadcast(broadcast,broadcast)广播2.flee(fled,fled)逃跑3.forbid(forbade,forbidden)禁止4.forgive(forgave,forgiven)原谅5.freeze(froze,frozen)结冰6.hang(作“绞死”讲，是规则的；作“悬挂”讲，其过去式过去分词都是hung)7.lie–lied–lied说谎;lie—lay---lain躺下lay-laid-laid放置8.seek(sought,sought)寻求9.shake(shook,shaken)发抖10.sing(sang,sung)唱歌11.sink(sank,sunk/sunken)下沉12.spread(spread,spread)传播13.swim(swam,swum)游泳14.tear(tore,torn)撕碎16.wear(wore;worn)穿/戴17.hold(held,held)18.make(made,made)19.keep(kept,kept)七、意思相近的词1.check（核对）/examine(检查)/test（测试）2.receive（收到）/accept（接受）3.destroy（毁坏；毁灭）/damage（破坏）4.celebrate(庆祝)/congratulate（祝贺）5.wearsth/dresssb穿衣八、注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化1.long—length长度2.wide—width宽度3.high—height高度4.strong—strength力量九、以-ic结尾的动词，应先把-ic变为-ick，再加ing或ed1.picnic(picnicked,picnicking)野餐十、个别名词的复数拼写1.German(Germans)德国人2.gulf(gulfs)海湾3.handkerchief(handkerchiefs)手帕roof(roofs)房顶4.hero(英雄)，potato(土豆)，tomato(西红柿)等有生命的以-o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es。十一、注意动词变名词时的拼写变化1.succeed—success成功2.pronounce—pronunciation发音3.explain—explanation解释4.decide—decision决定5.enter—entrance进入6.permit—permission允许7.consider—consideration考虑8.expect—expectation期待9.discover—discovery发现10.bury—burial埋葬11.conclude—conclusion得出结论12.arrive—arrival到达13.weigh—weight重量14.describe—description描述15.lose—loss损失16.anxious---anxiety焦虑十二、注意形容词变副词时的拼写变化1.beautiful美丽的—beautifully2.possible可能的—possibly3.practical实际的—practically4.particular特别的—particularly5.successful成功的—successfully十三、其它必背单词1.abroad国外2.absencen.缺席(absentadj.)3.accept接受4.accident事故(accidentaladj.偶然的，accidentallyadv.偶然地)5.achievement成就(achievev.获得)6.address地址7.admire钦佩8.admit承认（admitted)9.agreement协议10.agriculture农业(agriculturaladj.农业的)industry工业（industrial工业的）11.altogether总共12.ancient古代的13.announce宣告、通知announcement(n.口头通知)14.anxiety忧虑(anxiousadj.焦急的，anxiouslyadv.焦急地)15.apologizev.道歉(apologyn.道歉)16.appear出现（appearance外貌n.）disappear消失/不见17.appreciate感激/欣赏(感激人用thanksb；谢谢某人做的事用appreciatesth.)242.restaurant餐馆244.satisfaction满意(satisfy,satisfied,satisfying)246.Saturday(星期六)247.scientific科学的248.scientific科学的249.secretary秘书250.secretly(秘密地)251.separately单独地252.separate(单独的adj、分开vt)253.serious严重的(seriously)254.serve(v)–service(n)服务255.shortcoming缺点256.silence安静(silent安静的-silently安静地)257.succeed(vi)成功success(n)成功successful(adj)成功的successfully(adv)Succeedindoingsth成功做某事（=besuccessfultodosth）258.similar类似的(similarity–ies相似之处)259.situation形势/情况260.slightly(稍微)261.society社会(socialadj.社会的)262.southern(南方的)northern北方的western西方的eastern东方的263.special特别的264.species物种(单复数同形)265.spring春天266.square平方267.steal–stole--stolen(偷)268.straight(直的)269.suit合适suitable合适的270.support支持/支撑supportthefamily养家糊口271.surprise吃惊toone’ssurprise使某人吃惊的是besurprisedat对..感到吃惊272.surround包围surrounding周围的surroundings环境273.swimming(游泳n.)276.temperature温度284.umbrella(雨伞)274.technique技术(technicaladj.技术的)275.technology技术277.theory理论intheory理论上278.thirst渴nthirsty口渴的adj279.thorough彻底的280.total合计281.traffic交通trafficjam塞车282.translate翻译translation翻译translator翻译家283.interpret解说,interpreter口语翻译)286.usual平常的unusual不寻常的unusually不寻常地287.unwilling不愿意(willingadj.愿意willn.意志)bewillingtodo愿意做…290.vacati