题型七概要写作-2022年高考英语二轮复习之语法贯通+题型突破（新高考专用）（解析版）

题型七概要写作

Writing1（2021福建福州一中质检）

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Youmightthinkthatwhetheryouchooseablueshirtorayellowoneforworkorcollege

makesnodifferencetoyourdayandthepeoplearoundyou.However,anincreasingnumberof

expertsarguethatthecolorswechooseaffectourmoods,ourcareerprospects（前景）andeven

ourhealth.

Thepowerofcolorhasbeenusedfbrcenturiesandweshouldmakethemostofitinourlives.

Coloraffectsustoagreaterdegreethanmostofusrealize.Itisusedincreasinglybypsychologists

andtherapistsfbrinfluencingmoodsandstatesofmind,andforvarioustypesoftreatmentswhen

weareill.

Companiesusecolortogreateffecttoencourageustobuytheirproducts.Forexample,

purpleisseentorepresentcreativityandmixeswellwithred,toshowthatacompanyhasideas

andthepowertomakethemhappen.Orangeandbluearealsorecommendedcolorsforcompanies

touse,becauseorangeisthecolorofcommunicationandbluesuggestssafetyandsecurity.Sothis

couldbeaparticularlygoodcombination.Companieshavefoundcertaincolors"speak"to

specificagegroups.Theyoftenuseredtoattractyoungerpeopletotheirproducts,fbrexample,as

itisvibrantandmoreyouthfulthancolorslikegoldandnavy,whicholdercustomersseemto

prefer.

Wearingdifferentcolorscanaffecthowyoufeelandhowothersreacttoyou,soitis

importanttoconsiderthiswhenyoudecidewhattowearinthemorning.Ifyouwantpeopleto

takeyouseriously,thenwearingnavy-blueorblackisgood.Bluewouldalsobehelpfulforan

interviewororalexaminationbecauseitrelaxesyouandmakesyoufeelcalm.Redgetsyou

noticedbyeveryoneandmakesyou,thewearer,feelenergetic,butbecareful,asitcanraiseyour

pulserateandnoteveryonewantsthiseffect.

Sothinkcarefullybeforeyouleavethehouse.Thecolorsyouchooseareawonderfultool.

Areyoumakingtherightimpression-onyourselfandonothers?

【写作指导】

本文属于说明文,文章主要说明J'颜色对我们生活多方面的影响。

第——段的主要点是"anincreasingnumberofexpertsarguethatthecolorswechooseaffect

ourmoods,ourcareerprospects（前景）andevenourhealth",由止匕可知，专家们认为我们选择的颜

色会影响我们的心情、职业前景甚至健康。可以概括为"Someexpertsclaimthatthecolors

chosenbyusaffectourmoods,careersandhealth."o

笫二段的主要点是"Coloraffectsustoagreaterdegreethanmostofusrealize”,由此可知,

颜色对我们的影响比我们大多数人意识到的要大得多;次要点是"Itisusedincreasinglyby

psychologistsandtherapists...whenweareill”,由此可知,色彩也被用于医疗。综合主、次要点信

息可知，色彩对我们的影响比我们大多数人意识到的要大，并且它现在还用于医疗。可以概括

为"Theeffectofcolorisgreaterthanexpectedanditisnowusedformedicalcare.”。

第三段的主要点是“Companiesusecolortogreateffecttoencourageustobuytheir

products”,次要点是“Companieshavefoundcertaincolors'speak'tospecificagegroups”,由止匕可

知，本段讲述的是公司将颜色应用于促销，以吸引不同年龄段的人。可以概括为“Companies

applycolortosalespromotiontoappealtodifferentagegroups.'*o

第四段的主要点是"Wearingdifferentcolorscanaffecthowyoufeelandhowothersreactto

you”,第五段的主要点是“thinkcarefullybeforeyouleavethehouse",次要点是"makingthe

rightimpression%这两段都是讲衣服颜色的重要性,可以合并为一个要点:因为衣服的颜色会

影响我们的感受和别人对我们的反应，所以我们穿什么很重要。可以概括为“Asthecolorof

ourclothescanaffectourfeelingsandothers,reactionstous,whatwewearmatters.”。

第二段讲述色彩可用于医疗，第三段讲述色彩还可以用于商品促销，所以可用also,

moreover,what'smore或inaddition等衔接第二句与第三句。

【参考范文】

Someexpertsclaimthatthecolorschosenbyusaffectourmoods,careersandhealth.（要点

l）Theeffectofcolorisgreaterthanexpectedanditisnowusedformedicalcare.（要点2）Also,

companiesapplycolortosalespromotiontoappealtodifferentagegroups.（要点3）Asthecolor

ofourclothescanaffectourfeelingsandothers?reactionstous,whatwewearmatters.（要点4）

Writing2（2021浙江宁波中学测试）

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

TheTheobromacacaotreeprovidesuswithoneoftheworld'smostdeliciousfoods一

chocolate!TheobromaisaGreekwordmeaningfood.ThetreeoriginallycomesfromtheAmazon

regionofSouthAmerica.Hand-sizedpodsthatgrowonthetreecontaincacaoseeds—often

called"cocoabeans".Theseseeds,orbeans,areusedtomakechocolate.

Theearliestuseandconsumptionofcacaobeansdatesbacktoaround1000B.C.Later,the

MayanandAzteccivilizationsconsumedcacaoasadrink.Theyoftenflavoreditwithingredients

suchaschilipeppers,andotherspices.ltisbelievedthatdrinkingcupsofchocolatewasimportant

inMayanritualssuchasweddingceremonies.Consumingcacaowasalsobelievedtohave

positiveeffectsonhealth.InPeru,eatingordrinkingamixtureofchocolateandchilieswassaid

tobegoodforthestomach.TheAztecsthoughtitcouldevencuresickness!

ChristopherColumbus,alongwithSpanishexplorers,madehisfourthvoyageacrossthe

Atlanticintheearly1500s,andarrivedonthecoastofHonduras.Itwasatthistimethathefirst

discoveredthevalueofcocoabeans,whichwereusedascurrencyinmanypartsofCentral

America.

Inthesixteenthcentury,chocolatewastakenbacktoSpainbyHernandoCortez,another

explorer.TheSpanishpeopleaddedingredientssuchassugarandvanillatomakeitsweet.Itlater

spreadtoFranceintheseventeenthcentury.Thepopularityofchocolatecontinuedtospread

furtheracrossEuropeandtheAmericas.TheonlyAsiancountrytoadoptitatthattime,though,

wasthePhilippines,whichtheSpanishinvadedinthesixteenthcentury.

Aschocolatebecamemorepopular,thedemandforpeopletoworkonthecacaoplantations

increased.SlaveswerebroughttotheAmericasfromAfricatofarmthecacao.Eventually,the

cacaotreewastakentoAfricaandcultivationbeganthere.Today,theAfricanplantationsprovide

almostseventypercentoftheworld'scacao,comparedwithoneandahalfpercentfromMexico.

【写作指导】

本文属于说明文，主要讲巧克力的来源、巧克力的使用及食用历史、巧克力的价值和它

的流行。

第一段的主要点是"TheTheobromacacaotreeprovidesuswith…chocolate!",次要点1是

"ThetreeoriginallycomesfromtheAmazonregionofSouthAmerica”,次要点2是"These

seeds,orbeans,areusedtomakechocolate”,由此可知，本段讲述的是巧克力是由来源于南美洲

亚马孙地区一种可可树的种子制成的,可以用"Chocolateismadefromtheseedsofthecacao

tree,anativeplantoftheAmazonregionofSouthAmerica.”概括。

第二段的主要点是“Theearliestuseandconsumptionofcacaobeansdatesbacktoaround

1000B.C.”,次要点1是“consumedcacaoasadrink”,次要点2是"havepositiveeffectsonhealth*'o

合并要点信息可知，本段讲述喝巧克力饮料的悠久历史及其对身体的有益影响,可以用

"Drinkingchocolatehasalonghistoryandisgoodforhealth.”概括。

第三段的主耍点是“firstdiscoveredthevalueofcocoabeans”。第四段的主要点1是'Inthe

sixteenthcentury,chocolatewastakenbacktoSpain”,主要点2是“ItlaterspreadtoFrance”,主要

点3是“continuedtospreadfurtheracrossEuropeandtheAmericas*主要点4是“TheonlyAsian

countrytoadoptit%结合第三、四段的要点可知，这两段主要讲述的是哥伦布首先发现了可可

豆的价值及巧克力在欧洲和世界其他地方的传播，可以概括为"Columbusdiscoveredthevalue

ofcocoabeans,andthenchocolatebegantospreadacrossEuropeandtherestoftheworld.”。

第五段的主要点1是"Aschocolatebecamemorepopular...increased",主要点2是“the

Africanplantationsprovidealmostseventypercentoftheworld'scacao”,次要点是“thecacaotree

wastakentoAfricaandcultivationbeganthere*'o由此可知,由于巧克力需求增长，种植可可树在

非洲流行起来，目前非洲的种植园已成为全球最大的可可生产地，即”Withthedemandfor

chocolategrowingfast,cultivationstartedinAfrica,whichhasnowbecomethelargestcacao

producerworldwide.'1o

【参考范文】

Chocolateismadefromtheseedsofthecacaotree,anativeplantoftheAmazonregionof

SouthAmerica.（要点1）Drinkingchocolatehasalonghistoryandisgoodforhealth.（要点

2）Columbusdiscoveredthevalueofcocoabeans,andthenchocolatebegantospreadacross

Europeandtherestoftheworld.（要点3）Withthedemandforchocolategrowingfast,cultivation

startedinAfrica,whichhasnowbecomethelargestcacaoproducerworldwide.（耍点4）

Writing3（生活感悟）

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Thesedaysoursocietydevelopsrapidlyandforcespeopletorush.Itappearsthatpeoplehave

gotusedtobeinginahurry.However,it'sbetterforpeopletotaketheirtimeandlivetheirlivesat

aslowerpacethantohurrytogetthingsdone.

Themainreasonthatconvincesustoopposedoingworkinahurryisthepossibilityofdoing

wronginarush.Whenpeopledotheirjobsortakeactioninahurry,theycan'tmakeasound

decisionandprobablyregretitlater.Asthesayinggoes,''Hastemakeswaste."Weshouldthink

carefullybeforemakingadecisionanddoourworklessquickly.Weshouldnotmakemistakesby

doingworkhurriedly.

Slowingdownthepaceoflifehelpspeopleenjoytheirlifebetter.Forexample,takingatrain

tosomeplacecertainlywilltakemoretimethantakingaplane.However,takingatrainmakes

peoplehaveenoughtimetogettoknowalotofnewfriends.Besides,itallowspeopletofully

enjoythebeautifulsceneryalongtheway.Onthecontrary,beinginahurrywillmakeuslose

chancesofenjoyingourlife.

Finally,aslowerlifepaceprovidesbetterhealthconditionforus.Asisknowntoall,taking

actioninahurrybotherspeopleandraisestheirstress.Peoplethinkiftheyarenotinahurry,they

willbecomealoserandthatannoysthem.Butbeinginahurrycanhurtpeoplebothphysically

andmentally.Accordingtosomestudies,peoplewhohaveaslowerpacesufferfewerdiseases,

tendtobehappierandlivemuchlongerthanthosewhoselifeistense,eveniftheformerfinish

workmoreslowlythanthelatter.

Inshort,workingquicklywillbringaboutmorematerialbenefitstomakeoursocietymore

advanced.Yet,muchstresscan'tbringenjoyment,friendsandhealth,whicharemuchmore

importantthanmoneyandothermaterialadvantages.Therefore,takeyourlimeandliveyourlife

ataslowerpace.

【写作指导】

（1）抓住主要论点，理清论证关系。材料为议论文,第一段就提出了文章的论点，即人们要放

慢生活节奏;第二、三、四段分析了要放慢节奏的原因;第五段总结全文，再次强调论点。

（2）研读核心信息，合理处理论据。论据是让论点更易被人接受的支持性事实材料。所给

材料中的第二、三、四段举了一些例子，分析了放慢节奏的好处。因而,在进行概要写作的时

候，我们需要对论据进行适当的安排与处理。

⑶确立语篇主题，合理重组结构。材料第一段首先表明了文章的中心论点，即"Despite

beingaccustomedtothefastpaceinmodernsociety,peoplearerecommendedtoleadaslower

life”（要点1）;第二段论述了要放慢节奏的原因之一，即"Slowingdownlowersthepossibilityof

committingerrorsbycomprehensivethinking"（要点2）;第三段论述了要放慢节奏的原因之二,

即"Moreopportunitiestoenjoylifeareallowedbyaslowerpace"（要点3）;笫四段论述了要放慢

节奏的原因之三同"Betterhealthconditionisalsowhataslowerlifebrings"（要点4）;第五段总

结全篇，即“Liveaslowerlifefromnowon”（要点5）。通过以上分析，我们可以发现材料的论述

结构:提出论点（要点1）——论据论证（要点2—4）—总结全篇（要点5）。在概要写作的时候,

我们必须首先确定采取何种表达顺序来完成对材料中心的表述。

【参考范文】

Despitebeingaccustomedtothefastpaceinmodernsociety,peoplearerecommendedto

leadaslowerlife.（耍点1）Firstly,slowingdownlowersthepossibilityofcommittingerrorsby

comprehensivethinking.（要点2）Secondly,moreopportunitiestoenjoylifeareallowedbya

slowerpace.（要点3）Lastly,betterhealthconditionisalsowhataslowerlifebrings.（要点4）

Therefore,lefsliveaslowerlifefromnowon.（要点5）

Writing4（人工智能）

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Artificialintelligence（AI）teacherscanprovidecustomizedteachingforstudentstomeet

theiruniquerequirementsthroughanalyzingdataanddeeplearning.Inthefuture,theymay

replacehumanteachersforbasicteachingtasks.Sincesomestudentsmayfindithardtofollow

teachersinclass,AIcanmeettheirindividualneeds,givethemconfidenceandputnewpowerinto

traditionalteachingpatterns.Aneducationsystemprovidingcustomizedteachingcenteredon

studentsrepresentsthefuturetrendofAIeducation.

China'sAIeducationhasdevelopedrapidlyinrecentyearswiththeriseofseveralthousand

relevantcompanies.Currently,AIteachersareabletohelpstudentslearnpronunciation,analyze

theircondition,guidethemtolearnindependently,andevengradewritingassignments.Some

foreignAIeducationsystemshavebeenintroducedintoseveraldomesticschoolsandhave

workedwellontrial.

However,thepromotionofAIeducationisstillfacingseveraldifficultiesinpracticesuchas

lowtechnologicallevels,theinadequacyofdataandlackoffunds.AIeducationstilldepends

largelyonhumanteachers'work.Mostimportantly,itconflictswithcurrenteducationalpatterns

becausethecoursesdevelopedbyforeigncountriesarenotsuitableforChineseexam-oriented

education.Teachersmayalsofindithardtochangetheiroriginalrolesinclassroomssinceeasing

controlonclassesmaymakethemseemirresponsible.Theseproblemsneedtobehandledbefore

themasspromotionofAIeducation.

WithAIteachers,theoriginalteacher-centeredclasseswillbetransformedinto

student-centeredoneswhereteachersonlyorganizetheclassandprovideguidance.Sinceteachers

aresupposedtonotonlyequipstudentswithknowledgebutalsoshapetheirvaluesandhelpthem

developcreativeabilities,AIteacherswillnotreplacehumanteachersbutonlyposehigher

requirementsofteaching.AcombinationofAIteachersandhumanonescancreatethebestfuture

forAIeducation.

【文章大意】

Paragraph1:人工智能教师可以通过分析数据和深度学习为学生提供个性化教学以满足

他们的独特需求。未来它们可能会取代人类教师来完成基本的教学任务。

Paragraph2:近几年，中国的人工智能教育发展得很快，现在人工智能教师已经能够帮助

学生学习发音、分析学生的（学习）状态、引导学生自主学习,甚至能够给学生批改作业。有些

国外的人工智能教育体制已经被引进国内的一些学校，并在试用中表现出色。

Paragraph3:然而，人工智能教学的推广仍面临着许多困难，如技术水平低、数据不足、资

金匮乏等。此外，人工智能教学很大程度上依然依靠人类教师。最重要的是，人工智能教学与

我国现行教育模式有所冲突。在普及人工智能教学之前,这些问题亟待解决。

Paragraph4:随着人工智能教师的出现,之前的以教师为主导的课堂将转变为以学生为主

导的课堂，教师只起组织和指导的作用。人工智能教师不会取代人类教师，反而对人类教学提

出了更高的要求。人类教师和人工智能教师的结合将会为人工智能教育创造一个最好的未来。

【参考范文】

AIteacherscateringforstudents*personalitiescanprovidestudentswithpersonalized

teachingtomeettheirneedsandmayserveasanappropriatealternativetoimplementbasic

teachingtasks.（要点1）ChinahasseenrapiddevelopmentinAIeducationinthepastyears.（要点

2）Butmanyproblemslikepoortechnology,inadequatedataandashortageoffundsshouldbe

solvedbeforethewideapplicationofAleducation.（要点3）DespitetheadvantagesofAIteachers,

humanoneswillneverbereplaced;instead,bothwillplaytheirjointrolesinthefuture

teaching.（要点4）

【能力提升】

Writing1（健康）

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Ashumans,we'reallcompletelydifferent.Sothereisn'taone-size-fits-allanswertobeing

yourhealthiestself.Instead,youhavetohavetheabilitytoworkoutwhat'sthegreatestonyour

body.Andthatisatalltimesgoingtodependuponthingsthathaveaneffectonyoupersonally,

togetherwiththelifestylethatyouchoose.

Whatplaysthemostimportantroleiswhatyoudailyeat.Naturaltransfats（反式脂肪）are

presentinsmallquantitiesinmilkproductsandmeats,andconsumingfat-freeorlow-fatmilk

productsandmeatswillcutbackthequantitiesofpuretransfatstakeninfromthesefoods.

Becausequantitiesofnaturaltransfatsinmilkproductsandmeatsarereallysmallandthesefoods

canbeessentialsourcesofvitamins,thesefoodsdonotneedtoberemovedfromthefoodplan.

Anothermethodthatyoucouldhelpyourbodyistobeabitmorelively.Weallknowthat

exerciseisgoodfbrus.However,ifssimpletounderestimate（低估）itsgood.Forexample,we

canoftenseethatmanypeoplequitexercisinghalfwaybecausetheysimplycan'ttoleratethe

difficultythatexercisebringsthem.Actually,itiseasytohavetheintentiontotakeupexercisebut

itisverychallengingtocarryitonuntilyoucanseethepositiveeffectthatexercisebringsyou.

Howhealthyyouareisindicatedbythelevelofasubstanceinyourbloodreferredtoas

homocysteine（高半月光氨酸）.Keepingyourhomocysteinelevellow,indicatingthatyou'llbeable

torapidlyadaptandrespondtolife'sstresses,isthethirdsecretof100percenthealth.Alow

homocysteinelevelmeansasmallerriskofheartattacks,mentalillnessandmanyotherhealth

issues.Tobalanceyourbloodsugar,eatfewerfast-releasingmeals(sweets,cakesandbiscuits)

andmoreslow-releasingfoods(fruitandvegetables,whoiegrainfoods).Additionally,youmust

eatslowlyratherthanjustswallow.

【文章大意】

Paragraph1:作为人类，我们完全不同。因此，就如何成为最健康的人，没有一个万能的答案。

这取决于对你个人有影响的事物以及你选择的生活方式。

Paragraph2:影响健康最重要的因素是你的II常饮食。奶制品和肉类中存在少量的天然

的反式脂肪，而这些食物是维生素的重要来源，因此无须把它们排除在你的饮食计划之外。

Paragraph3:保持健康的另一种方式是让你的身体更加活跃•些。锻炼对我们有好处，但

其好处很容易被低估。许多人会因不能忍受锻炼的困难而半途而废。事实上，有意进行锻炼

很容易，但要坚持锻炼直到看到锻炼带来的积极影响很困难。

Paragraph4:血液中高半胱氨酸的水平表明了你的健康程度。保持低水平的高半胱氨酸

意味着你可以快速适应生活压力并作出反应,并且可以降低些疾病发生的风险。

【参考范文】

There5snofixedanswertobeingthehealthiest-thingsaffectingyoupersonallyandyour

lifechoicesbothmatter.（要点1）Therefore,tostayhealthy,youmustpayattentiontoyourdaily

dietbutneedn'texcludefoodscontainingnaturaltransfals.（要点2）Additionally,takingexercise

isnecessarybutyoumuststicktoittoenjoythebenefits.（要点3）Moreover,keepingalow

homocysteinelevelisalsoagoodway,whichcanhelpyoudealwithstressesandreducetherisk

ofhealthproblems.（要点4）

Writing2（科技）

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Scientistshavealreadyshownthatgeneticengineeringcanrapidlyspreadaself-destructive

geneticmodification（基因改造）throughaspecies.Researchershavebeenreadytotestitin

mosquitoes.Ifprovedsuccessful,thenewtechnologymightcausemosquitoesasaspeciestodie

out.Aquestionisraised:Dohumanshavetherighttousegeneextinction（灭绝）againstother

species?

Withmosquitoes,theremayseemtobeenoughreasonsforsometosay"yes11.Accordingto

datafromtheWorldHealthOrganization,mosquitoescausethedeathofatleast725,000persons

annuallybyspreadingdeadlydiseasessuchasmalaria,denguefever,yellowfeverandtype-B

encephalitis.Somanyarguethatwehavetherighttopaymosquitoesbackanddefendourselves.

However,abasicruleofevolutionisthateveryexistingcreaturehasreasontoexist,andis

partoftheEarth'secosystemasawhole.Endingonespeciesmightleadtochainreactionsbeyond

theexpectationsofeveryone.Ifmosquitoesdieoutunderthegeneticattackofhumankind,itis

possiblethatcertainfrogs,spiders,aswellasbirdsmightdieout,too,becausetheyhunt

mosquitoesforfood.Thenspeciesthatfeedonthesemightdieoutandsoonupthefoodchain.

Evenwiththebestintentions,genedrivescouldpotentiallychangethefoodchainandwipeout

beneficialcreaturesalongsidethe"pests"beingtargetedwhenreleasedintotheenvironment.

Besides,ifpeopledecidetheyhavetherighttoendmosquitoes,theymightchoosetoendother

speciestheyconsider"harmful”.Whogetstodecidewhichspeciesisthenexttogoextinct?

Whilevotingagainsttheproposaltotemporarilybanthereleaseofgenetically-driven

creatures,theUnitedNationsConferenceonBio-Diversitydidrequiretheresearchersof

genetically-drivenmosquitoestoevaluatethepossibleeffectsoftheirresearchtoavoid

unnecessaryharm.Genedrivesarebeingannouncedasaquickfix,butwecanneverbetoo

cautiousaboutinterfering（干涉）withnature.

【文章大意】

Paragraph1:科学家已经表明，基因工程可以在一个物种中迅速传播自我毁灭性的基因改

造。研究人员已经准备在蚊子中测试这一点。如果被证明是成功的，这项新技术可能会导致

蚊子这一物种灭绝。一个问题被提出来:人类有权对其他物种进行基因灭绝吗？

Paragraph2:对于蚊子，似乎有足够的理由让一些人说"是"。根据世界卫生组织的数据，蚊

子每年通过传播致命疾病导致至少72.5万人死亡。因此很多人认为，我们有权报复蚊子，保护

自己。

Paragraph3:然而，进化的一个基本规则是每一个现存的生物都有存在的理由，并且是地

球生态系统的一部分。终结一个物种可能会导致超出每个人预期的连锁反应.如果蚊子在人

类的基因攻击下灭绝，某些青蛙、蜘蛛以及鸟类也有可能灭绝，因为它们捕食蚊子。然后，以这

些动物为食的物种也可能灭绝被食物链以此往上类推。即使是出于最大的善意，基因攻击也

可能改变食物链，在被用到生态环境中时,不仅消灭目标“害虫”，而且有可能消灭有益生物。此

外，如果人们决定他们有权终结蚊子，他们可能会选择终结他们认为“有害"的其他物种。谁来

决定下一个灭绝的物种？

Paragraph4:联合国生物多样性会议在否决暂时禁止释放基因驱动生物的提案的同时，确

实要求基因驱动蚊子的研究人员评估其研究的可能影响，避免不必要的伤害。虽然基因攻击

被认为是一种快速的解决方法,但在干涉自然这件事上我们越谨慎越好。

【参考范文】

Scientistshavebeenreadytotestaself-destructivegeneticmodificationinmosquitoes,

whichmayendthespecies,butitarousesdoubts.（要点1）Somebelieveweshoulddoso,because

mosquitoesspreaddeadlydiseasesyearly.（要点2）Butothersthinkitwilldamagetheecosystem

andrelatedspeciesmightbecomeextinct.（要点3）Inaword,weshouldbecarefulaboutgene

drives,consideringtheirlikelyeffects.（要点4）

Writing3（环保）

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Inthedeepestdiveinamannedsubmersible（潜艇），USexplorerVictorVescovospottedand

video-recordedaplasticbagandapileofcandywrappersontheseabed.Hisdiscoveryofplastic

waste11.2kilometersbelowsealevelintheChallengerDeepinthePacificOcean,thedeepest

knownpointintheEarth'soceans,meansthereisnowhereonthisplanetplasticwastecannot

reach,asithasbeenfoundonMountQomolangmaandinbothArcticandAntarcticwaters.

Sincethepatent（专利）forplasticswasregisteredin1907,8.3billiontonsofplasticproducts

havealreadybeenproduced,ofwhich6.3billionhavebeengottenridofwithoutbeingprocessed.

Mostoftheabandonedplasticproductsendupintheocean.InthePacificOcean,plasticgarbage

andotherwastehavealreadyformedanisland,whichis1.6millionsquarekilometersinsize.Itis

estimatedthatthetotalweightofplasticwastewillreach12billiontonsby2050,morethanthe

totalweightofoceanicfish.

Plasticwastekillslifeintheoceansandonthelandalikebyfillingintheirstomachssothey

cannoteat,orwindingitselfaroundtheirbodiessotheycannotbreathe.ItpollutestheEarthand

preventsplants'rootsfromdiggingdeepintotheground.Plasticmicroparticles（微颗粒）alsojoin

thewatercycleandenterthebodiesofanimalsandevenhumans.Ashumansareatthetopofthe

foodchain,plasticmicro-particlesbuildupinsideourbodies.

Wanttodosomethingtochangethesituation?Don'tgetplasticbagsatthesupermarketbut

takeyourownreusableoneinstead.Giveupfastdeliverylunchesandcookorgototherestaurant

instead.Getintothehabitofsortingyourgarbage.Butit'seasiersaidthandone.

Environmentalistshavebeencallingforbehavioralchangesforatleastthreedecades,yetwe

continuetouseagrowingamountofplasticproducts.Maybewecanhopeanewenvironmentally

friendlymaterialisusedinthefuture,butfornowatleast,unlesswecontrolitsuse,plasticis

goingtocontinuetogeteverywhere.

【文章大意】

Paragraph1:塑料垃圾已经到达地球的每一个角落,包括海洋的最深处、珠穆朗玛峰及南

北极海域。

Paragraph2:自1907年塑料专利注册以来，大量塑料制品被生产出来，且大多数的塑料垃

圾最终都流入了海洋。据估计，到2050年塑料垃圾的总重量将达到120亿吨，超过了海洋鱼类

的总重量。

Paragraph3:塑料垃圾杀死了海洋和陆地生物，污染了地球，而且塑料微颗粒在动物甚至

人类体内积聚。

Paragraph4:要改变这种现状，我们应该使用可重复使用的袋子，不点外卖而是自己做饭

或外出就餐，并养成垃圾分类的习惯。尽管这说起来容易做起来难，但是我们必须改变我们的

行为来减少塑料的使用。

【参考范文】

PlasticwastehasreachedeverycorneroftheEarth,includingthedeepestpointintheocean,

thehighestmountainandpolarregions.（要点l）Anditwillcontinuetogrowrapidly,mostof

whicheventuallyflowsintotheoceans.（要点2）Plasticwastekillssealifeandlandlife.Itpoisons

theground,anditsmicro-particlesaccumulateinthebodiesofanimals,evenhuman5.（要点3）In

spiteofdifficulty,changesinactionmustbemadetocutdownplasticuse.（要点4）

Writing4

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Perhapsyou'veheardtheoldsaying"curiositykilledthecat”.It'saphrasethat'softenused

towarnpeople—especiallychildren—nottoasktoomanyquestions.Yetit'swidelyagreedthat

curiosityactuallymakeslearningmoreeffective.Infact,researchhasshownthatcuriosityisjust

asimportantasintelligenceindetermininghowwellstudentsdoinschool.

Curiositycanalsoleadustomakeunexpecteddiscoveries,bringexcitementintoourlives,

andopenupnewpossibilities.Inscience,curiosity-drivenresearchcanhaveunexpectedimportant

benefits.Forexample,onedayin1831,MichaelFaradaywasplayingaroundwithacoilanda

magnetwhenhesuddenlysawhowhecouldproduceanelectricalcurrent.Atfirst,itwasn'tclear

whatthiscouldbeusedfor,butitactuallymadeelectricityavailableforuseintechnology,andso

changedtheworld.

However,curiosityiscurrentlyunderthebiggestthreatcomingfromtechnology.Onone

level,thisisbecausetechnologyhasbecomesoadvancedthatmanyofusareunabletothinktoo

deeplyabouthowexactlythingsworkanymore.Whileitmaybepossibleforacuriousteenager

totakeatoasterapartandmakesenseofhowitworks,howmuchdoyouunderstandaboutwhat

happenswhenyoutypeawebsiteaddressintoabrowser?

Inadditiontothis,therethefactthatweallnowconnectsodeeplywithtechnology,

particularlywithourphones.Themorewestareatourscreens,thelesswetalktootherpeople

directly.Alltoooftenweaccepttheimagesofpeoplethatsocialmediaprovidesuswith.Thenwe

feelweknowenoughaboutapersonnottoneedtoengagefurtherwithhim.

Thatmeansweendupinsideourownlittlebubbles,nolongercomingacrossnewideas.

Perhapstherealkeytodevelopingcuriosityinthe21stcentury,then,istorelylessonthetech

toolsofourage.

【写作指导】

本文是议论文。文章提出好奇心和智力同样重要，它影响学生的成绩而且还可以使我们

有一些意想不到的发现，然而，科技时好奇心有很多的负面影响,因此作者提出要减少对科技

工具的依赖来培养好奇心。

笫一段的主要，点是"researchhasshownthatcuriosityisjustasimportantasintelligencein

determininghowwellstudentsdoinschool”,表达的意思是"研究表明好奇心与智力同样重要，

决定着学牛.在学校的表现”，可以概括为:研究表明，好奇心对学生的成绩至关重要和“Curiosity,

asisrevealedinresearch,isvitaltostudents'academicperformance.”。

第二段的主要点是"Curiositycanalsoleadustomakeunexpecteddiscoveries”,表达的意思

是"好奇心也带来许多意想不到的发现”，可以概括为"Italsobringsmanyunexpected

discoveries.”。

第三段的主要点是"curiosityiscurrentlyunderthebiggestthreatcomingfromtechnology",

次要点是“technologyhasbecomesoadvancedthatmanyofusareunabletothinktoodeeply

abouthowexactlythingsworkanymore"o综合主、次要点可知撮新的技术正在扼杀好奇心，

阻碍了我们进一步探索事物发展的能力，即"Up-to-datetechnologyisnowkillingcuriosity,

hinderingourcapabilitytofurtherexplorehowthingsgoon.*'0

第四段的主要点是"AHtoooftenweaccepttheimages...toengagefurtherwithhim”,即我们

常常接受社交媒体提供给我们的人们的形象，然后我们就会觉得我们对一个人有了足