Unit4SpaceExploration知识点导学案高中英语人教版

Unit4SpaceExplorationPartOneTextOneThefinalfrontier“Arewealone?”What’soutthere?Lookingupatthestars,peoplehavealwayswantedtolearnmoreaboutspace,andscientistsworkhardtofindanswers.Theymakevehiclestocarrybravepeopleintospacetofindoutthesecretsoftheuniverse.Theyalsoreallywishtodiscoverotherplanetsthataresuitableenoughtosupportlife.Beforethemid20thcentury,mostpeoplefelttravellingintospacewasanimpossibledream.However,somescientistsweredeterminedtohelphumansrealisetheirdreamtoexplorespace.Aftermanyexperiments,theysucceededinmakingrocketsthatcouldescapeEarth’sgravity.On4October1957,theSputnik1satellitewaslaunchedbytheUSSRandsuccessfullyorbitedaroundEarth.Afterwards,theUSSRfocusedonsendingpeopleintospace,andon12April1961,YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.Overeightyearslater,on20July1969,AmericanastronautNeilArmstrongsteppedontothemoon,famouslysaying,“That’sonesmallstepforaman,onegiantleapformankind.”Followingthis,manymoregoalswereachieved.Forexample,America’sNASAspaceagencylaunchedVoyager1on5September1977tostudydeepspace,anditstilltransmitsdatatoday.Althoughscientiststrytomakesurenothinggoeswrong,accidentscanstillhappen.AlltheastronautsontheUSSR’ssoyuz11andAmerica’sChallengerdiedduringtheirmissions.Thesedisastersmadeeveryonesadanddisappointed,butthedesiretoexploretheuniverseneverdied.=1\*GB3①Thisisbecausepeoplebelieveintheimportanceofcarryingonspaceexplorationdespitethehugerisks.AnexampleofthisongoingworkistheInternationalSpaceStation.ItorbitsEarthandhasastronautsfromdifferentcountriesonboard,providingacontinuoushumanpresenceinspace.China’sspaceprogrammestartedlaterthanthoseofRussiaandtheUS,butithasmadegreatprogressinashorttime.Chinabecamethethirdcountryintheworldtoindependentlysendhumansintospacein2003,whenYangLiweisuccessfullyorbitedEarthintheShenzhou5spacecraft.ThenShenzhou6and7pletedasecondmannedorbitandthefirstChinesespacewalk,followedbythevehicleJadeRabbitbeingsenttothemoontostudyitssurface.Afterthat,ChinalaunchedtheTiangong2spacelabintospaceandTianzhou1todockwithit.ThissignalledonestepfurtherinChina’splantoestablishaspacestationinthefuture.Morerecently,ChinahassentCheng’e4toexplorethesurfaceofthefarsideofthemoontomakemeasurementsandobservations.Thefutureofspaceexplorationremainsbright.Europe,theUS,andChinaallhaveplanstofurtherstudyandexploreplanetslikeMarsandJupiter.Despitethedifficulties,scientistshopefuturediscoverieswillnotonlyenableustounderstandhowtheuniversebegan,butalsohelpussurvivewellintothefuture.知识点链接=1\*GB3①Thisisbecausepeoplebelieveintheimportanceofcarryingonspaceexplorationdespitethehugerisks. “This/That/Itisbecause…”句型·该句型是常用句型，意为“这/那是因为…”，because引导表语从句，表示原因常见的表示原因的句型，区别如下：句型意义引导词功能及从句含义Thisisbecause…这是因为…because引导表语从句，从句表示原因Thisiswhy…这就是…的原因why引导表语从句，从句表示结果Thereasonwhyisthat……的原因是…why引导定语从句，在从句中作状语；that引导表语从句，从句表示原因Thereasonthat/which…isthat……的原因是…that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语；that引导表语从句，从句表示原因PartOneTextTwoIsexploringspaceawasteoftimeandmoney?Countriesaroundtheglobearespendingbillionsofdollarsandlotsoftimeonvariousspacemissions,whethertoMarsorotherplanetsmuchfurtheraway.Somepeoplearguethatweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoneyexploringspace.Instead,weshouldfeedtheworld’spoorandfindimmediatesolutionstootherproblems,suchaspollutionandfataldiseases.However,othersfeelthisisashallowviewwhichfailstorealisehowexploringspacehelpsus.Firstly,exploringspacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.IthasdirectlyresultedinthemanysatellitesthatnoworbitEarth.Anumberofthesatellitesrecorddataonlandandweatherpatterns.ThenthedataistransmittedtoscientistsonEarth.Aftercarefulanalysis,thescientistscanprovideusefulremendationsandadviceforfarmers.Asaresult,spacebasedsciencehashelpedfarminginitseffortstogrowenoughfoodtofeedEarth’sincreasingpopulation.Secondly,spaceexplorationhasalreadypromotedtechnologicalimprovementsthatbenefitusall.Highendproductsaroundtheworldaremadetoahigherstandardnowbecauseofadvancedtechnologywhichwasfirstcreatedtomeettherequirementsforspaceexploration.Forexample,spacetechnologieshavehelpedtheresearchanddevelopmentofdifferenttypesofnewmaterial.Theyhavealsohelpedpaniesmakebetterheartmonitorsandothermachinesthatdoctorsregularlyuse.Today,spacetechnologiesarewidelyusedinallkindsofindustries,andeverydayproducts,suchasmemoryfoampillowsandsmartphonecameras,arechangingourlives.Finally,sendingastronautsintospacehashelpedpeopletothinkabouttheworld’sproblemsandeventofindwaystosolvethem.Seeingpicturesofourplanetasanislandinablackseamadepeoplerealisethatourplanet’sresourcesarelimited.Inordertoprovideforsucharapidlyincreasingpopulation,scientistsaretryingtofindotherplanetsthatcouldonedaybeournewhome.ThegreatestattentionatpresentisonMarsbecauseitisclosertoEarth.Inthefuture,humansmayliveonbothplanets.Inclosing,exploringspaceprovidestheworldwithmanydifferentbenefits.Therefore,itshouldcontinuesoastoprovidenewandbettersolutionstopeople’sshorttermandlongtermproblems.PartTwoKeyWord1.astronautn.宇航员；太空人2.proceduren.程序；步骤；手续3.mentaladj.精神的；思想的4.centimetren.厘米5.intelligentadj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的[拓展]同根词_______________n.智力6.rocketn.火箭；火箭弹7.gravityn.重力；引力8.frontiern.边境；国界；边远地区9.vehiclen.交通工具；车辆10.universen.宇宙；天地万物[拓展]同根词_______________adj.宇宙的11.determinedadj.有决心的；意志坚定的_______________决心做某事[拓展]同根词_______________n.决心_______________v.决定_______________决定做某事_______________决定某事[拓展]近义词______________________________12.launch1）vt.发射，把（航天器、武器等）发射上天；使（船，尤指新船）下水2）vt.开始从事，发起，发动（尤指有组织的活动）3）vt.（首次）上市，发行；发布新产品4）n.（航天器的）发射，（船的）下水，（产品的）上市13.satelliten.人造卫星；卫星14.orbitn.（环绕地球、太阳等运行的）轨道；势力范围vt.&vi.沿轨道运行15.giantadj.巨大的；伟大的n.巨人；巨兽；伟人16.leapn.跳跃；剧增；剧变vi.&vt.跃过_______________闰年17.mankindn.人类18.agencyn.（政府的）专门机构；服务机构；代理处19.transmitvt.&vi.传输；发送20.datan.资料；数据[pl.]21.disappointedadj.失望的；沮丧的_______________对某物失望_______________对某人失望_______________对（未）作某事感到失望[拓展]同根词_______________n.失望_______________令某人（非常）失望的是_______________v.（使）失望_______________adj.令人失望的22.desire1）n.渴望；欲望_______________没有得到某物的愿望/不想做某事_______________满足某人的愿望2）vt.渴望；期望_______________对某物的渴望_______________渴望（某人）做某事[拓展]同根词_______________adj.想望的23.carryon继续干，坚持干_______________继续做某事[拓展]carry_______________实施，执行（计划、命令等），完成（任务）_______________（克服困难后）把…进行到底，完成_______________使某人度过难关24.ongoingadj.持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的25.onboard在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上26.independentlyadv.独立地；自立地[拓展]同根词_______________adj.独立的；自立的_______________n.独立；自主_______________从…中获得独立_______________v.依靠_______________依靠，信赖_______________那得看情况_______________adj.依赖的；取决于_______________依赖…；取决于…_______________n.依靠，依赖27.spacecraftn.航天器；宇宙飞船28.spacewalkn.太空行走；太空行走的时间29.jaden.翡翠；玉器30.dockvi.&vt.（两架航天器）对接；（使）…进港n.码头；船坞31.signal1）vt.标志，表明，预示vt.&vi.发信号，示意_______________示意某人做某事2）n.信号；信号灯；（无线电、电视等的）信号32.inthehopeofdoingsth抱着…的希望（=inthehopethat…）33.soasto(dosth)为了；以便（=inordertodosth）[例]OurschoolhasdecidedtoholdanEnglishspeechcontestsoasto/inordertoimprovestudents’English.[注]1）使用soastodosth结构时，动词不定式的逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致2）soastodosth的否定形式是在to前加not3）soasto引出的目的状语不可位于句首，而inorderto引出的目的状语既可位于句首，也可位于句中34.recyclevt.回收利用；再利用35.musclen.肌肉；实力；影响力36.lack1）n.缺乏，匮乏，短缺[U]（其前可加不定冠词）_______________缺乏…_______________因缺乏…_______________不缺…2）vt.缺乏，没有（不用于被动语态）[拓展]同根词_______________adj.缺乏，不足（不用于名词前）_______________缺乏…37.floatvi.浮动；漂流；漂浮vt.使浮动；使漂流38.otherwiseadv.&conj.否则；要不然1）作副词时，意为“否则，要不然”，可以位于句首，也可以位于句末2）作副词时，意为“除此以外（不包含），在其他方面”39.beyondprep.在更远处；超出40.solaradj.太阳的；太阳能的41.solarsystem太阳系42.currentadj.当前的；现在的n.水流；电流；思潮43.figureout1）想出；弄懂，弄清楚，弄明白[例]Whensomethinggoeswrong,trytofigureoutasolutioninsteadofbeingabsorbedinselfpity.2）计算（数量或成本）[例]Myfatheristryingtofigureouthistax.44.sufficientadj.足够的[拓展]同根词_______________n.足够45.soapn.肥皂46.microwaven.微波炉（alsomicrowaveoven）47.tissuen.纸巾；（人、动植物细胞的）组织48.facilityn.设施；设备49.keenadj.热衷的；渴望的_______________对…热衷50.globen.地球；世界；地球仪[拓展]同根词_______________adj.全球的_______________v.使全球化_______________n.全球化51.arguevt.&vi.争论；争辩；论证_______________赞成/反对（做）某事_______________说服某人作/不做某事_______________就某事与某人争吵52.argumentn.争吵；论据_______________就某事与某人争吵53.fataladj.致命的；灾难性的54.shallowadj.肤浅的；浅的55.resultin导致；造成[拓展]resultin/resultfrom易混词区别resultin意为“造成，导致”（后接结果）=cause/leadto/bringa