Unit1Backtoschool单元测试高一英语单元重难点易错题精练（译林版2020）

Unit1Backtoschool单元测试（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共30分，略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASocialmediaisagreatresourceforyoutofindandshareinspirationforyourclassroomonadailybasis.Youwillbeabletofindneatactivities,fungamesandcreativecrafts(手艺)toincludeinyourteachingplans.Givethematryandtheywillbeabletotakeyourteachingstyletothenextlevel.TeachLikeYouMeanItTeachLikeYouMeanItpoststonsofideasforyoutomakeyourclassroomfeelmorelikehome.Itpostsexcitingwaysthatcanmakeyourclassroomafunplaceforyourstudentstostay.ItwillshowyouquickDIYswithshortvideosandpictures.TechnicallyItsKinderTechnicallyItsKinderhassomanygreatideasforyoutouseinyourkindergarten(幼儿园)classrooms.Itpoststonsofactivitiesandgamesonaregularbasis.Italsoprovideswaystoincludetechnologyinyourlessonplans,whichwillhelpyourstudentsfeelmorefortablewithtechnology.MadlyLearningMadlyLearningwascreatedbyPatti,whoisateacherandblogger.ShesharesveryhelpfulvideoswheresheshowsyoudifferentDIYsthatwillhelpyoueupwithnewthingstoaddtoyourclassroom.Shealsosharesstoriesandpicturesfromherpersonalexperiencesasateacherandmomaswell.TeachersPayTeachersTeachersPayTeachersisawebsitewhereteacherscansellteachingproductstootherteachers.AndtheyalsohaveanInstagramaccount.Youwillbeabletogetinspirationforyourclassroomfromotherteachers.Theysharequotes,crafts,classroomideasandsomuchmore.1．Whoaretheintendedreaders?A．Studentsofseniorschools.B．Advocatesforeducationreform.C．Parentsofpreschoolchildren.D．Teachersofschoolsandkindergartens.2．WhatisspecialaboutTechnicallyItsKinder?A．Itofferstonsoflessonplans.B．Itrenewsthepostsonadailybasis.C．Ithelpsapplytechnologytoteaching.D．Itteachestechnologytothestudents.3．Whichsocialmediashouldyouvisittobuysometools?A．TeachersPayTeachers. B．TeachLikeYouMeanIt.C．TechnicallyItsKinder. D．MadlyLearning.BTodaywasmyfirstdayatseniorhighanditwashard.Inhighschool,youhave4minutestogettoyournextclass.Myhighschoolisverybigandthose4minutestogofromoneclasstoanotherreallyisn’talotoftime.TodayIhadtogofromoneendofthebuildingtotheothertogetfromscienceclasstomathclass.Iwantedtogotomylockerfirstandleavemysciencebookthere,butthattooktime.Iwasworriedaboutbeinglate,andIwas.Themathteachersaid,“Justbeontimetomorrow,oryou’llhavedetention(放学后留校).”Aftermath,Iwenttoartclass.IlikemyartclassalotbecauseIgettocreatethings.Theteacherthereshowedushowtomakeportraits(肖像).Heexplained,“Aportraitisawayofmunicatingwithaperson.Itdoesnotjustshowhowthepersonlooksbutwhatisimportanttounderstandtheperson.”Wejustdiddrawingstoday,butIknowit’sgoingtobegreat.Ilikedrawing.IlikemyEnglishclass,too.Ithinktheteacherisreallysupportive.Todaywewroteaboutourselves.Theteachersaidtojustwritewhatyouthink,andwe’llpayattentiontopunctuation(标点)later.Wecouldwriteaparagraphorapoem,andIwroteapoemaboutmyself.Ithoughtitwasagoodpoem,andtheteachersaidIhadusedgoodimages(意象)tomunicatemyfeelings.Lunchwasveryhurried.Iarrivedatthediningroomwith12minutestoeat.IsatwithpeopleIdidn’tknow,andeveryonewaseatingquickly.AfterlunchIsignedupforaputerclub.Ineedtolearnhowtouseaputerwellbecausemysocialstudiesteachersaysitistheoneskillyouneedineveryclass.4．Whathappenedtotheauthorafterscienceclass?A．Helosthissciencetextbook.B．Hegotlostonthecampus.C．Hewaslateformathclass.D．Hewasgivendetention.5．Whatdidtheauthorthinkofhisartclass?A．Difficult. B．Enjoyable. C．Boring. D．Easy.6．WhatdidtheEnglishteacherdoafterseeingtheauthor’swork?A．Hepraisedtheauthor.B．Hepointedouttheauthor’smistake.C．Heaskedtheauthortocheckpunctuation.D．Heencouragedtheauthortointroducehimself.7．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．LearnusefulskillsinhighschoolB．MynewteachersinhighschoolC．MakeplansforhighschoollifeD．MyfirstdayinhighschoolCAmonclaimstatesthatasheetofpapercannotbefoldedinhalfmorethanseventimes.Butisthistrue?In2002,BritneyGallivan,thenajuniorinhighschoolinPomona,California,foldedasinglepieceofpaperinhalf12times.ShecurrentlyholdstheGuinnessWorldRecordforthemosttimestofoldasheetofpaperinhalf.ThepromptthatledGallivantoacplishthiswasanextracreditchallengeinmathclasstofoldanythinginhalf12times.Herteacheraskedthestudentstofoldsomethingthicker:apieceofpaper.Gallivansaid“itwasveryfrustrating,asIhadmanyunsuccessfulattemptsattryingtofolddifferentpapersinhalf.Ibegantoquestioniffoldingpaperinhalfmorethaneighttimescouldbeimpossible.”However,Gallivanrecalled.“IknewIneededtounderstandwhatwaslimitingthefoldingprogression.”Theequations(方程式)thatGallivancameupwithcalculatedhowmanytimesasheetofpapercouldbefolded.Shefoundthatinordertofoldmanytimes,alongthinsheetisneeded—themoreasheetisfolded,thethickertheresultingstackbees,andoncethestackbeesthickerthanitislong,thereisnothinglefttofold.Sheultimatelysetherrecordwithasheetoftissuepapershefoundonlinethatwas4,000feet(1,219meters)—morethanthreequartersofamile,oroverakilometerlong,GuinnessWorldRecordsnoted.“Workingontheproblemtookatremendousamountoftimeandeffort,”Gallivansaid.“Asfrustratingasitwasattimes,Ilearnedanimmenseamountfromtheexperience,whichhasbeenvaluabletomethroughoutmylifeinmorecapacitiesthanonewouldexpect.”SinceGallivansetherrecord,othershavemadeclaimsoffoldingasheetofpapermorethan12times.Still,“Ianticipatethatmycurrentrecordwillbesurpassed,”Gallivansaid.8．WhatpromptsGallivantoacceptthechallenge?A．Peerpressure.B．Mathematicsanxiety.C．Academicrequirement.D．GuinnessWorldRecords.9．Underwhatcircumstancesisitimpossibletofoldapaperinhalfmoretimes?A．Thestackisasthickasit’slong.B．Thepaperisneitherlongnorthin.C．Thestackisthickerthanit’slong.D．Thepaperislongerthanit’sthick.10．WhatcanwelearnaboutGallivan’sattempts?A．It’srisky.B．It’sfruitless.C．It’smeaningless.D．It’senergyconsuming.11．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Gallivan’srecordisimpossibletobreak.B．Foldingpaperinhalfismerelyamathproblem.C．Foldingthingsinhalfmaynotbelimitedto12.D．Foldingpaper12timesisarequiredcreditinhighschools.DGoingfrommiddleschooltohighschoolcanbedifficult,asstudentsarefacedwithnewacademic(学业的)andsocialchallenges.Beforethefirstdayofhighschool,therearethingseverysoontobehighschoolfreshmanandtheirfamiliesshouldknow.Peoplewhohaveafixedmindset(思维倾向)believethattheyareborntobegreatorweak.Ontheotherhand,peoplethathaveagrowthmindsetbelievethattheirgreatnessorweaknessisbecauseoftheirownactions.Itotallyagreethatstudentsshouldhaveagrowthmindset.Idon’texpectanystudenttomovefromjustpassingasubjecttoanA+.It’sgoingtotaketimeandfocusedeffort;justkeepworkingonit.Parentsshouldpreparestudentstofightthebattle“onthepillow”and“inthekitchen”.WhenIsay“pillow”Imeansleep.Nothavingenoughsleepcanhavesomesurprisingeffectsonstudents,includingimproperbehavior,anxietyandpoorgrades.Thesecondweapon(武器)iseatinghealthyandbalancedmeals.Studiesshowthatstudentswhoeatnutritiousmealsandwhoexercise60minutesadayremainmoreattentiveduringtheschooldayandexperienceimprovedacademicachievementandgrades.Thislast“secret”weaponisnottohaveoverscheduled(安排过度的)time.Makesurestudentsknowhowtosetrealisticplansandhowtosaynototasksandactivitiesthataren’timportanttothem.Alotofstudentsknoweachotherfromprimaryandmiddleschool.Theyareintheir“fortzones”,feelingtheyhaveasenseofcontroloverandexpectationoftheirrelationships.Butethefirstrealdayofhighschool,thatwillallchange.ThereasonIencouragehighschoolfreshmentostepoutoftheirfortzones,thoughoftenscary,isthatfortzonesgetboringandtherearemanykindsofpeopletogettoknow.Let’sencouragethemtogetinvolved,havefunandplay.12．Whichofthefollowingrepresentsafixedmindset?A．I’matthestartingpointofmypotential.B．Mymotherisnotgoodatchemistryeither.C．Ishouldstartstudyingalittleearliernexttime.D．It’sokayifIfail;atleastI’velearnedsomething.13．Whatmighttheauthorencourageparentstodo?A．Topreparehealthymealsfortheirkids.B．Topraisetheirkidswhentheydowellinschool.C．Totaketheirkidstovisittheirgrandparentsoften.D．Tobuysoftpillowsfortheirkidstohaveagoodrest.14．Whatisthethirdweaponmainlyabout?A．Enjoyinggoodhealth.B．Owningtheabilitytosayno.C．Balancingschoolworkandplay.D．Developingtimemanagementskills.15．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Thesenseofcontrol.B．Thevalueoffriendship.C．Thefeelingthattheyhavecontroloverrelationship.D．Thefeelingthattheybeehelpless.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Itisnevertoolatetodevelopgreatstudyhabits.However,startingtomakesomechangesishard.Evenifyouwanttodowellenoughinschoolandimproveyourgrades,you’reprobablyhavingtroublegettingstartedinthefirstplace!16.Planyourtimecarefully.Makealistofyourweeklytasks.Makeascheduleofyourtime.Thendecideongood,regulartimeforstudying.17,butitwillmakeyoumoreawareofhowyouspendyourtime.Findagoodplacetostudy.Chooseoneplaceforyourstudyarea.Itmaybeadeskorachairathomeorintheschoollibrary,butitshouldbefortableandquiet.Whenyoubegintowork,youshouldbeabletoconcentrateonthesubject.Skimbeforeyouread.18.Asyoupreviewthematerial,yougetsomeideaofthepassageandhowitisorganized.19.Listeningtowhattheteachersaysinclassmeanslessworklater.Takingnoteshelpsyourememberwhattheteachersays.Developagoodattitudetotests.Thepurposeofatestistoshowwhatyouhavelearnedaboutasubject.20.Testsprovidegrades,buttheyalsoletyouknowthatyouneedtospendmoretimestudying.Thereareotherskillsthatmighthelpyouwithyourstudy.Sharewithyourclassmatessomeoftheskillsyouhavefoundtobehelpful.A．StudyregularlyB．MakegooduseofyourtimeinclassC．ThereareseveralwaysthatcanhelpyouD．DevelopapositivelifestylebysettingrealisticgoalsE．ThisweeklyschedulemaynotsolveallofyourproblemsF．ThismeanslookingoverapassagequicklybeforeyoubegintoreaditmorecarefullyG．Theworldwon’tendifyoudon’tpassatest,sodon’tworrytoomuchaboutyourgrade第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MichaelToddworethesameclotheseverydayforthefirstthreeweeksofschool.Theotherkidsbegantonoticethathewaswearingthe21blackpantsandwhiteT—shirtdayafterday.ThenToddbecamethetargetoftease(戏弄)and22.ButtherewasnothingToddcoulddo.Hismothersimplycouldn’t23tobuyhimnewclothes.TwoofkidslaughingathimwereAntwanGarrettandKristopherGraham,apairoffreshmanfootballplayers.Butovertime,theyrealizedthattheir24wordsfeltlikebullying(欺凌)andseemedtobeslowlybreakingTodd’s25.Somethingfinallyclicked.“IfeltlikeIneedtodosomething,”GrahamsaidtoGarrett.Sothey26aplan.Theywenthomeand27throughdrawersandclosets.Thenextdayatschool,theymetToddandaskedhimtoeintothehall.Toddwas28aboutbeingoutbythelargerboys.“Hewasn’tsmilingoranythingbutIthoughtthiswasgoingtomakehimsmile,”Grahamsaid.Theyapologizedforlaughingathim.TheythenhandedToddabig29.Insidewerecleanshirtsand30,aswellasabrand—newpairofNikesneakers.AndToddgotmuchmorethantheclothing.Henolongsits31atlunch.Nowheeatswithhisnew32,GarretandGraham.“33thedayGarrettandGrahamcalledmeintothe34,”hesaid,“Thatwasthe35dayofmyentirelife,basically.”21．A．very B．small C．large D．loose22．A．care B．stop C．laughter D．help23．A．afford B．determine C．refuse D．promise24．A．angry B．empty C．hurtful D．plain25．A．record B．spirit C．rule D．silence26．A．turneddown B．gaveup C．focusedon D．thoughtof27．A．searched B．passed C．swept D．broke28．A．curious B．enthusiastic C．amazed D．anxious29．A．coat B．document C．bag D．bottle30．A．balls B．shorts C．books D．gifts31．A．still B．straight C．alone D．aside32．A．friends B．roommates C．teammates D．relatives33．A．Making B．Recalling C．Taking D．Forgetting34．A．school B．classroom C．store D．hall35．A．last B．best C．worst D．first第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LiKang,36highschoolstudent,livesinHebeiProvince.TodayishisfirstdayatSeniorHighschool.He37(feel)thathisnewschoolisverygoodandclassroomsare38(amaze)sinceallofthemhave39(puter).HelikeshisEnglishteacher,awoman40(call)MsShen.MsShentellsthemreadingprehensionisimportantandencourages41(they)tospeakalotinclass.LiKangandhisclassmatesareinterestedinMsShen’steachingmethod,42ispletelydifferentfromthatoftheteachersatJuniorHighschool.Today,afterMsShengavestudentsinstruction,theyintroducedthemselvesinclass.MsShenalsohelpsstudentsimprovetheirspelling43handwriting.Theydospellinggamesinafunway.Afterthisclass,MsShenaskthemtowritea44(describe)ofthestreetwheretheylive.Mostofthemlookforwardto45(do)it.第四部分写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46．假设你是李华，你班级的美国交换生Jonas不适应新环境，感到孤独且学习压力很大，希望你给他一些建议。请你给他写一封信，内容包括：1.交友建议；2.学习建议；3.你的祝愿。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯：3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJonas___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。MynameisBronsonLayton.Iam23yearsold,Iamacollegestudent,andIhaveastorythatIfeelshouldbesharedwiththeworld.Iefromafamilythathadneverhadasinglerecordofancestrywithautism(自闭症),untilthedayIwasborn.WhenIwastwoyearsold,myparentswerestillgettingusedtothelifestyleofraisinganormalkid,butwhattheyhadnoticedwaswhattheyconsidered“outoftheordinary”behavior.WhatevertoysIplayedwith,Iplacedtheminastraightline.WhenIwasnotsatisfied,Igotangryeasily.Soonaftermyparentsnoticedthesesigns,theytookmetoachildexpert,whoeventuallyinformedthemthatIwasdiagnosed(诊断)withatypeofautism,adisorderthatdelaysthenervousgrowthofachild’sbrain.Mydiagnosiswasin1999,atimewhenautismwasstillnotmonlyunderstoodandwasstillbeingobserved.Atfirst,myparentswereshockedatthenewsfromanexpertthatIwasgoingtogrowupblind,butthey(andI)werenotpreparedforhowthefollowingeventswouldpletelychangeourlivesforever.AsIgotolder,IbegantochangefromkeepingmyselfalonetogettingwithotherkidsonceIenteredpublicschoolinfirstgrade.InoticedhowtheotherkidswereabletoanswerquestionsinclassalotfasterthanIcouldunderstand.Becauseofmyslowthinking,ittookmetwominutestoeupwithananswer.Fromthatyearon,Ireceivedspecialacmodationsformystudies,suchassittinginfrontoftheclasstoreadtheblackboardbetter,andtakinglongertimeontests.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Myteacherandclassmatestriedtheirbesttohelpme.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankstomyclassmates,Imadegreatchanges.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：1．D2．C3．A【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要推荐了社交媒体上的一些教育类资源或平台，为读者提供了关于如何在教学课堂中寻找和分享灵感、使用技术、以及从其他教师那里获取灵感的建议和信息。1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Socialmediaisagreatresourceforyoutofindandshareinspirationforyourclassroomonadailybasis.Youwillbeabletofindneatactivities,fungamesandcreativecrafts(手艺)toincludeinyourteachingplans.Givethematryandtheywillbeabletotakeyourteachingstyletothenextlevel.(社交媒体是一个很好的资源，你可以在日常生活中找到和分享课堂上的灵感。你将能够找到整洁的活动，有趣的游戏和创意工艺品，包括在你的教学计划。试一试，他们会把你的教学风格提升到一个新的水平)”可知，这篇文章为教师提供了社交媒体上的一些教育类资源或平台，以帮助教师将自己的教学风格提升到一个新的水平。故选D。2．细节理解题。根据文章“TechnicallyItsKinder”部分中的“TechnicallyItsKinderhassomanygreatideasforyoutouseinyourkindergarten(幼儿园)classrooms.Itpoststonsofactivitiesandgamesonaregularbasis.Italsoprovideswaystoincludetechnologyinyourlessonplans,whichwillhelpyourstudentsfeelmorefortablewithtechnology.(TechnicallyItsKinder有很多很棒的想法供你在幼儿园教室中使用。它定期发布大量的活动和游戏。它还提供了将技术纳入您的课程计划的方法，这将帮助您的学生对技术感到更舒适)”可知，TechnicallyItsKinder可以帮助教师将技术应用于教学中。故选C。3．细节理解题。根据文章“TeachersPayTeachers”部分中的“TeachersPayTeachersisawebsitewhereteacherscansellteachingproductstootherteachers.(TeachersPayTeachers是一个教师可以向其他教师出售教学产品的网站)”可知，教师可以在TeachersPayTeachers这一网站上购买一些教学工具。故选A。4．C5．B6．A7．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在高中生活的第一天。4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Iwasworriedaboutbeinglate,andIwas.Themathteachersaid,‘Justbeontimetomorrow,oryou’llhavedetention(放学后留校).’(我很担心会迟到，我确实迟到了。数学老师说：‘明天要准时，否则你就会被留校’)”可知，科学课后，作者数学课迟到了。故选C项。5．细节理解题。根据第二段“IlikemyartclassalotbecauseIgettocreatethings.(我非常喜欢我的美术课，因为我可以创造东西。)”可知，作者认为美术课很愉快。故选B项。6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Wecouldwriteaparagraphorapoem,andIwroteapoemaboutmyself.Ithoughtitwasagoodpoem,andtheteachersaidIhadusedgoodimages(意象)tomunicatemyfeelings.(我们可以写一段话或一首诗，我写了一首关于我自己的诗。我认为这是一首好诗，老师说我用了很好的意象来表达我的感情。)”可推断，英语老师看了作者的作品后赞扬了作者。故选A项。7．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Todaywasmyfirstdayatseniorhighanditwashard.(今天是我上高中的第一天，很艰难。)”及全文可知，文章讲述了作者在的高中第一天。所以D项Myfirstdayinhighschool(我高中的第一天)作为文章标题最为合适。故选D项。8．C9．C10．D11．C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了加州12岁的学生将一张纸对折了12次，她目前保持着将一张纸对折次数最多的吉尼斯世界纪录。8．细节理解题。根据第三段“ThepromptthatledGallivantoacplishthiswasanextracreditchallengeinmathclasstofoldanythinginhalf12times.Herteacheraskedthestudentstofoldsomethingthicker:apieceofpaper.(促使Gallivan完成这一任务的是数学课上的一个额外学分挑战，将任何东西对折12次。她的老师让学生们折叠一些更厚的东西：一张纸)”可知，促使Gallivan接受折纸挑战的是学术上的需要。故选C。9．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Shefoundthatinordertofoldmanytimes,alongthinsheetisneeded—themoreasheetisfolded,thethickertheresultingstackbees,andoncethestackbeesthickerthanitislong,thereisnothinglefttofold.(她发现，为了折叠多次，需要一张又长又薄的纸——一张纸被折叠的次数越多，叠起来的纸就越厚，一旦叠起来的纸厚超过了它的长度，就没有东西可以折叠了)”可知，一旦叠起来的纸厚度超过了它的长度就无法再折叠。故选C。10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“‘Workingontheproblemtookatremendousamountoftimeandeffort,’Gallivansaid.(‘解决这个问题花费了大量的时间和精力，’Gallivan说)”可知，Gallivan的叠纸尝试非常耗费精力。故选D。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“SinceGallivansetherrecord,othershavemadeclaimsoffoldingasheetofpapermorethan12times.Still,‘Ianticipatethatmycurrentrecordwillbesurpassed,’Gallivansaid.(自从Gallivan创造了她的记录，其他人声称折叠一张纸超过12次。不过，‘我预计我目前的纪录将被超越，’Gallivan说)”可知，Gallivan叠纸12次的记录可能被超越。由此推知，将东西对半折叠可能不限于12次。故选C。12．B13．A14．D15．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为每个即将进入高中的新生和他们的家人介绍了一些应该知道的事情。12．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Peoplewhohaveafixedmindset(思维倾向)believethattheyareborntobegreatorweak.(拥有固定思维倾向的人认为他们生来就是厉害的或弱小的)”可知，固定思维倾向是把人的能力归为与生俱来的。比较选项可知，“我妈妈也不擅长化学”是把自己不擅长化学归结为遗传自母亲，属于固定思维倾向。故选B项。13．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thesecondweapon(武器)iseatinghealthyandbalancedmeals.Studiesshowthatstudentswhoeatnutritiousmealsandwhoexercise60minutesadayremainmoreattentiveduringtheschooldayandexperienceimprovedacademicachievementandgrades.(第二个武器是健康均衡的饮食。研究表明，每天吃营养食物和锻炼60分钟的学生在上学期间注意力更集中，学习成绩和成绩也有所提高)”可知，作者认为健康均衡的饮食很重要，可以帮助孩子们改善学习表现。因此，作者会鼓励家长为他们的孩子准备健康的食物。故选A项。14．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thislast“secret”weaponisnottohaveoverscheduled(安排过度的)time.Makesurestudentsknowhowtosetrealisticplansandhowtosaynototasksandactivitiesthataren’timportanttothem.(最后一个“秘密”武器就是不要把时间安排得过满。确保学生知道如何制定切合实际的计划，以及如何拒绝对他们不重要的任务和活动)”可知，第三个武器主要是培养时间管理技能，合理安排时间。故选D项。15．指代猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Alotofstudentsknoweachotherfromprimaryandmiddleschool.Theyareintheir“fortzones”,feelingtheyhaveasenseofcontroloverandexpectationoftheirrelationships.Butethefirstrealdayofhighschool(很多学生从小学和中学就认识了。他们在自己的“舒适区”，感觉自己对自己的关系有一种控制感和期待。但是到了高中的第一天)”和下文“willallchange(一切都会改变)”可知，此处先描述学生们待在“舒适区”的感觉，再提到高中的第一天意味着改变。由此可知，that指代的是前面描述的那种他们能控制人际关系的感觉。故选C项。16．C17．E18．F19．B20．G【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在学校里养成好的学习习惯。16．根据上文“Itisnevertoolatetodevelopgreatstudyhabits.However,startingtomakesomechangesishard.Evenifyouwanttodowellenoughinschoolandimproveyourgrades,you’reprobablyhavingtroublegettingstartedinthefirstplace!(培养良好的学习习惯永远不会太晚。然而，开始做出一些改变是困难的。即使你想在学校做得足够好，提高你的成绩，你可能在开始的时候就有困难！)”可知，想要提高成绩是困难的，后文各段首句给出了具体方法让你形成良好的学习习惯，空白处承上启下，只要通过正确方法养成良好习惯，就能提高成绩，即以下是具体方法，C项“Thereareseveralwaysthatcanhelpyou(有几种方法可以帮助你)”引起了下文的具体方法，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。17．上文“Makealistofyourweeklytasks.(列一个每周任务清单。)”说到要列任务清单，后文“butitwillmakeyoumoreawareofhowyouspendyourtime(但它会让你更加意识到你是如何度过你的时间的)”讲这样做的好处，空白处要承接上文，又要与后文是转折关系，所以应该填的是周计划存在的缺点，E项“Thisweeklyschedulemaynotsolveallofyourproblems(这个每周计划可能不能解决你所有的问题)”承上启下，符合语境。故选E。18．空前“Skimbeforeyouread.(阅读前先略读。)”说明在阅读前要略读，空格处应该说什么是略读，F选项“Thismeanslookingoverapassagequicklybeforeyoubegintoreaditmorecarefully(这意味着在你开始更仔细地阅读一篇文章之前，要快速浏览一遍)”说明了什么是略读，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。19．空格处是本段主题句，结合前后段落的主题句都是祈使句，优先考虑祈使句的选项，根据后文“Listeningtowhattheteachersaysinclassmeanslessworklater.Takingnoteshelpsyourememberwhattheteachersays.(在课堂上听老师讲课意味着以后少做作业。记笔记可以帮助你记住老师说的话。)”可知，本段说明利用好课堂时间，认真听课，做笔记的重要性。根据其他段落首句特征可知，此处用祈使句，B项“Makegooduseofyourtimeinclass(好好利用你的课堂时间)”概括了本段内容，可作为主题句。故选B。20．根据上文“Developagoodattitudetotests.Thepurposeofatestistoshowwhatyouhavelearnedaboutasubject.(培养良好的考试态度。考试的目的是显示你对某门学科的了解程度。)”可知，空白处应该说明对考试应有的正确态度，即不要太担心考试，G项“Theworldwon’tendifyoudon’tpassatest,sodon’tworrytoomuchaboutyourgrade(考试不及格并不是世界末日，所以不要太担心你的成绩)”承接上文，符合语境，故选G。21．A22．C23．A24．C25．B26．D27．A28．D29．C30．B31．C32．A33．B34．D35．B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Todd的妈妈买不起新衣服给他，所以Todd每天都穿着同一件黑色的裤子和白色的t恤，因而遭到了同学们的嘲笑。但是其中两个学生Garrett和Graham意识到这对Todd正在造成伤害，所以他们把干净的衣服和崭新的鞋子送给了Todd，和Todd成为了好朋友。21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其他孩子开始注意到他每天都穿着同一件黑色的裤子和白色的t恤。A.very同一的；B.small小的；C.large大的；D.loose宽松的。根据上文“MichaelToddworethesameclotheseverydayforthefirstthreeweeksofschool.”可知，Todd每天都穿着同一件黑色的裤子和白色的t恤。故选A。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是托德成了孩子们取笑的对象。A.care关心；B.stop停止；C.laughter笑声；D.help帮助。根据上文“ThenToddbecamethetargetoftease”可知，Todd每天穿同样的衣服，成为了同学们取笑的对象。故选C。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他母亲根本买不起新衣服给他。A.afford买得起；B.determine决定；C.refuse拒绝；D.promise承诺。根据上文“MichaelToddworethesameclotheseverydayforthefirstthreeweeksofschool.”可知，Todd的母亲根本买不起新衣服给他，所以他每天都穿同样的衣服。故选A。24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但随着时间的推移，他们意识到他们伤人的话就像欺凌，似乎正在慢慢地摧毁托德的精神。A.angry生气的；B.empty空的；C.hurtful伤人的；D.plain朴素的。根据上文“TwoofkidslaughingathimwereAntwanGarrettandKristopherGraham,apairoffreshmanfootballplayers.”可知，Garrett和Graham说了一些伤人的话，给Todd造成了伤害。故选C。25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着时间的推移，他们意识到他们伤人的话就像欺凌，似乎正在慢慢地摧毁托德的精神。A.record记录；B.spirit精神；C.rule规则；D.silence寂静。根据上文“wordsfeltlikebullying”可知，这些伤人的话语似乎正在慢慢地摧毁Todd的精神。故选B。26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：于是他们想出了一个计划。A.turneddown调小；B.gaveup放弃；C.focusedon集中于；D.thoughtof想到。根据上文“IfeltlikeIneedtodosomething”可知，Garrett和Graham两个人想出了一个计划来帮助Todd。故选D。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们回到家，翻遍了抽屉和壁橱。A.searched搜索；B.passed通过；C.swept打扫；D.broke打破。根据下文“Insidewerecleanshirts”可知，他们翻遍了抽屉和壁橱找衣服。故选A。28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：托德很担心被大孩子们叫出去。A.curious好奇的；B.enthusiastic热情的；C.amazed惊奇的；D.anxious担心的，焦虑的。根据上文“ThenToddbecamethetargetoftease(戏弄)”以及下文“aboutbeingoutbythelargerboys”可知，Todd总是被大孩子们取笑，所以他很担心被大孩子们叫出去。故选D。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他们递给托德一个大袋子。A.coat外套；B.document文件；C.bag袋子，包；D.bottle瓶子。根据下文“Insidewerecleanshirts”可知，他们递给Todd一个大袋子，里面装的是干净的衣服。故选C。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：里面是干净的衬衫和短裤，还有一双崭新的耐克运动鞋。A.balls球；B.shorts短裤；C.books书；D.gifts礼物。根据空前“Insidewerecleanshirts”可知，他们递给Todd一个大袋子，里面装的都是干净衣服，所以空处应该是短裤。故选B。31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他不再独自坐着吃午饭了。A.still还，依旧；B.straight径直地；C.alone独自，单独地；D.aside在旁边。根据上文“AndToddgotmuchmorethantheclothing.”可知，除了送衣服，Garrett和Graham还做了其它的事情。Todd不再独自坐着吃午饭了，他和Garrett和Graham成为了朋友。故选C。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在他和他的新朋友加勒特和格雷厄姆一起吃午饭。A.friends朋友；B.roommates室友；C.teammates队友；D.relatives亲戚。根据上文“Henolongsits11atlunch.”可知，他们成为了好朋友。故选A。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“回想起加勒特和格雷厄姆把我叫进大厅的那天，事实上那是我一生中最美好的一天。”A.Making制作；B.Recalling回想起；C.Taking取；D.Forgetting忘记。根据下文“Thenextdayatschool,theymetToddandaskedhimtoeintothehall.”可知，Todd回想起Garret和Graham把他叫进大厅的那天。故选B。34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说：“回想起加勒特和格雷厄姆把我叫进大厅的那天，事实上那是我一生中最美好的一天。”A.school学校；B.classroom教室；C.store商店；D.hall大厅。根据上文“Thenextdayatschool,theymetToddan