2023-2024学年高二英语译林版2020选择性试题Unit3WeleReading

第7讲选择性必修二Unit3Wele&Reading目标任务目标任务课程标准学习目标围绕人与社会的主题语境，依托语篇，通过一系列英语学习活动，发展英语学科核心素养。1．通过文字、图示等形式多样的语篇激发学生的学习兴趣，帮助学生初步了解单元主题，为单元学习做好热身准备。2．阅读关于医学进展话题的语篇，感受真实、地道、优美的英语，了解中外优秀文化。3．通过一系列多维度、分层次的阅读活动，深入探究主题意义，提升英语能力。002预习导学（一）课前阅读：本单元主题：Fitforlife我们先来看这些关于医学的名言谚语：Thepracticeofmedicineisanart,notatrade;acalling,notabusiness;acallinginwhichyourheartwillbeexercisedequallywithyourhead.—WilliamOsler行医是艺术而非交易，是使命而非生意，在这个使命中，你要如用脑般用心。——威廉·奥斯勒Thehealer，also。Goodintentions，thatis，forthegood。医者，意也。善于用意，即为良医。——孙思邈Thehealer，notlove，notretreated；Theprincipleofintelligent，notalso；Nothonesttenderness，credibilityalso。夫医者，非仁爱之士，不可托也；非聪明理达，不可任也；非廉洁纯良，不可信也。——杨泉InthisUnit,youaregoingto:①readalecturetranscriptaboutgenomeediting;②writeanarticleonshortsightedness;③readahealthmagazinearticleaboutacupuncture;④makeabookletaboutfirstaidskills.Medicalprofessionalsworkhardtokeepushealthy.Lookatthepicturesbelowanddiscussthefollowingquestionsinpairs.问题1：Whatjobsareshowninthepictures?Surgeon,physician,chemist,dentist.问题2：Wouldyouliketobeamedicalprofessional?Whyorwhynot?Yes,I’dliketo.Becauseamedicalprofessionalcanhelpmorepatientsgetwell.问题3：Canyoudescribeanexperienceyouhadwithamedicalprofessional?Whatwasitlike?Yes,Ican.Ifoundthemedicalprofessionalwasverypatientwithmeandheshowedgreatcareforhispatients.Advancesinmedicalsciencearehappeningquicklythesedays.Thelecturebelowisgivenbyabiologistaboutthenewpossibilitiesthatgeneresearchcanbring.Beforeyoureadthelecturetranscript,thinkaboutthefollowingquestions:问题1：Whatadvancesinmedicalsciencehaveyouheardabout?问题2：Whatdoyouknowaboutgenes?ThefutureisinourgenesGoodafternoon,ladiesandgentlemen.Thankyouallforingtothislecture.Overthecourseofmycareer,Ihaveseenmanywonderfulscientificdevelopments,butnoneareasgamechangingasgenomeediting.IamfullofexcitementaboutthepossibilitiesthisscientificadvancecanbringandIhopetosharemyexcitementwithyoutoday.Asmanyofyoumayalreadyknow,genesplayacriticalroleinshapingourlives.Everythingfromthecolourofoureyestoourtalentformathsdependsongenes.Thepletesetofgenesinsideacelloralivingbeingiscalledagenome.Ourownpersonalgenomecarriesalltheinformationneededtomakeusgrowanddevelop.Italsocontainsinformationthathelpsdetermineourlifespanandaffectsourchancesofcontractingcertaindiseases.Somepeople,forexample,carryagenethatmakesthemmorelikelytocatchacertainvirusordevelopaparticularformofcancer.Geneticistshavebeentryingtoidentifywhichgenesrelatetowhichdiseases,astheybelievegenomeeditingisaneffectivemeansofdiseasetreatmentandprevention.Itallowsgeneticiststomakechangestothegenomebycorrecting,adding,deletingorreplacingspecificpartsofthegeneticmaterial.InthenearAdvancesinmedicalsciencearehappeningquicklythesedays.Thelecturebelowisgivenbyabiologistaboutthenewpossibilitiesthatgeneresearchcanbring.Beforeyoureadthelecturetranscript,thinkaboutthefollowingquestions:•Whatadvancesinmedicalsciencehaveyouheardabout?•Whatdoyouknowaboutgenes?Reading51015Fitforlife31future,geneticistshopetoapplythistechnologytotreatawiderangeofhealthproblems.Soonwemaybeabletousesuchtreatmentstorestoreablindperson’svisionorgivesomeonewhowasborndeafanexcellentsenseofhearing.Ultimately,thisnewtechnologymightevenmakeitpossibletopreventdiseasesfromeverdevelopingbycorrectingabnormalgenesearlyon.Genomeediting,servingasanewweaponinthefightagainstdiseases,willleadtoafundamentalchangeinourapproachtohealthcare.Asthetechnologycontinuestodevelopatafastpace,however,questionsariseabouthowtouseitappropriately.Shouldwerestrictouruseofthistechnologytothetreatmentandpreventionofdiseases?Shouldweprohibitgeneticistsfromusingittoenhancehealthybodies?Onedaysoonwewillbeabletousegenomeeditingtoincreasethehumanresistancetocoldsandflus,tomakepeopletaller,tohelptheirmusclesdevelopfaster,tosharpenalloftheirsensesortomakethemmoreintelligent.Wewillalsobeabletoselectspecificcharacteristicsforchildrenbeforetheyareborn,creatingwhatsomehavecalled“designerbabies”.However,isthisagoodthing?Whatconsequencesmightithave?Philosophers,geneticistsandgovernmentofficialshaveallstartedtowrestlewithsuchmoralissues.Wehavetofigureouthowtokeepthetechnologyfromrunningwild.Thismeansputtingappropriatecontrolsinplacetomakesurethatgenomeeditingwillworktoouradvantage.Withoutthem,genomeeditingcouldbeasdangerousasacaroutofcontrol.Thereisstillmuchtobeexploredanddebatedonthesubjectofgenomeediting.Despitethepublicargumentoverthistechnology,itspossibilitieshavebeencreatingmuchexcitementthroughouttheentiremedicalmunityandbeyond.Withoutdoubt,genomeeditingisoneofthegreatestinventionsinthehistoryofscience.Thankyouforlistening.该单元Reading部分文章的段落划分：PPara1:Genomeeditingbringsmanyexcitingpossibilities.Para24:Genomeeditingcanhelpwithdiseasetreatmentandpreventionandtheconcernsabouthowtousegeneeditingappropriately.Para5:Genomeeditingisoneofthegreatestinventionsinthehistoryofscience.（二）基础梳理【知识梳理1】surgeonn.外科医生相关词：physiciann.内科医生【知识梳理2】chemistn.化学家；药剂师词性变化：chemistry化学chemicaladj.化学n.化学物质，化学药品【知识梳理3】specializev.专门研究，专供常见搭配：specializein...专供（某个领域）词性变化：specialadj.特殊的specialistn.专家【知识梳理4】affectv.影响常见搭配：affectsb/sth影响某人或某事词性变化：effectn.影响=impact词组：haveaneffect/impactonsb/sth对......有影响【知识梳理5】contractn.合同，合约v.感染疾病；与...订立合约常见搭配：servicecontract服务合同socialcontract社会契约【知识梳理6】identifyv.找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明常见搭配：beidentifiedas被认出是....词性变化：identificationn.识别identityn.身份【知识梳理7】meansn.方式，方法；财富，钱财常见搭配：byallmeans无论如何；当然可以bymeansof以...的方法bynomeans绝不（放在句首用于倒装句中）词性变化：means这个名词属于单复同形【知识梳理8】deletev.删除常见搭配：bedeletedfrom被从...里删除词性变化：deletedadj.已经被删除的【知识梳理9】restorev.恢复；修复；使复原，使复位常见搭配：restoreto恢复到...restoreorder/calm恢复秩序/平静词性变化：restorationn.复原，恢复【知识梳理10】ultimatelyadv.最终，根本上近义词：finally词性变化：ultimateadj.最终的，最后的【知识梳理11】abnormaladj.不寻常的，反常的反义词：normal正常的【知识梳理12】weaponn.武器常见搭配：nuclearweapon核武器powerfulweapon强力武器【知识梳理13】fundamentaladj.十分重大的，根本的；基础的，基本的n.基本规律，根本法则近义词：basicadj.基本的essentialadj.基本的搭配：fundamentalunit基本单位词性变化：fundamentionn.基础；根本【知识梳理14】pacen.发生的速度，步伐，节奏v.来回踱步，走来走去常见搭配：atone’sownpace以某人自己的速度keeppacewith与...步调一致【知识梳理15】arisev.发现，产生，由...引起arisearosearisen常见搭配:arisefrom/outof由。。。引起；因。。。产生注意：arise一般无被动形式【知识梳理16】restrictv.禁止，使不可能常见搭配：berestrictedto被限制在...词性变化：restrictionn.限制，约束【知识梳理17】prohibitv.禁止，使不可能常见搭配：beprohibitedfrom被禁止做某事prohibitsbfromdoingsth禁止某人做某事词性变化：prohibitionn.禁止prohibitiveadj.禁止的【知识梳理18】resistancen.抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗词性变化：resistv.抵制，反抗搭配：resistdoingsth抵制做某事【知识梳理19】wrestlev.奋力对付，努力处理；摔跤常见搭配：wrestlewith........努力处理，全力解决词性变化：wrestlern.摔跤手【知识梳理20】putsthinplace放在正确位置，准备妥当其他短语：outofplace不妥当，不在原来的位置【知识梳理21】debatev.讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考n.讨论，辩论常见搭配：beopentodebate开放讨论debatesthwithsb和某人讨论某事underdebate讨论中adebateon/about/over关于...的讨论词性变形：debatern.辩论者【知识梳理22】withoutdoubt毫无疑问常见搭配：thereisnodoubtthat...毫无疑问........词性变形：doubtfuladj.存疑的doubtfullyadv.存疑地【知识梳理23】findingn.发现，研究成果（可数名词）oneofthemostimportantfindings最重要的发现之一【知识梳理22】ripeadj.成熟的；时机成熟的词性变形：ripenv.使........成熟（三）预习作业预习这单元的Grammar部分现在完成进行时“Presentperfectcontinuoustense”003探究提升环节一变：根据首字母或汉语提示完成下列句子1.HenryDavidwashappytow________fromsociallife,seekingaharmoniousrelationship.withnatureinthequietnessofhislife.2.Thesouthofthecountrywasworsta_______bythedrought.3.Inagoodmarriage,bothhusbandandwifeworkhardtosolveanyproblemsthata_______.4.Theobjectoftheseexperimentswastofindtheconnection,ifany,betweenthetwop_______.5.Thissuggeststhattheyweredecidingbetweentruthanddishonesty,andu______optingforthelatter.6.Thedoveisauniversals_______ofpeace.7.Shehadspentthewholeweekendw_________withtheproblem8.Agrowinga_______disturbingthepublicthattheeconomywillcontinuouslydecline9.Iamextremelyg_______toalltheteachersfortheirhelp.10.E_______withastreetplan,theboysetouttolookfortheshopwherehismotherworked.11.Thelawwouldencouragepaniestos_______fromcoaltocleanerfuels.12.Whenitestokeepinghealthy,playingsportsenjoysw______popularityamongpeople.13.Moreimportantly,itprovidesstudentswithnewskillstot______futurechallenges.14.Itistheeasiestofcropstogrowandisseeminglyr________toanydisease.15.Manypeoplebelievethatreadingcanf________people'spassionandcreativityintheirlives.16.Theyweredeeply________(心神不安的)bytheaccident.17.Itis______(显而易见的)thatsmokingisharmfultohealth.18.Iprefertherelaxed(节奏)oflifeinthecountry.18.Thedoctorisprobingthewoundforsignsof_________(感染).19.Thereisa__________(根本的)differencebetweenthetwopointsofview.【答案】withdraw2.affected3.arise4.phenomena5.ultimatelysymbol7.wrestling8.anxiety9.grateful10.Equippedswitch12.widespread13.tackle14.resistant15.fuel16.disturbed17.evident/clear/obvious18.infection19.fundamental环节二变：用单词的适当形式填空1.Thisresearchhasdonemuch(advance)ourunderstandingoflanguagelearning.2.Doyouknowanyonewithamentalorphysical(disabled)?3.(equip)withtheskillstheywillneedoncetheyleavecollege,thestudentsarewellpreparedforgraduation.4.Sheeatsan(unbelievably)amountoffood.5.Alltheseyears,they(contribute)articlestoourmagazine.6.Thetroublewasshehadlostherpassport.7.Thedrugwas(withdraw)fromsaleafteranumberofpeoplesufferedserioussideeffects.8.Some(scientific)believethatbirdsdosingsomeofthetimejustbecausetheyarehappy.9.Likemanyotherstudents,youmayhavevariouspeople,(include)familymembersandfriends,givingadviceonyourcollegedecisions.10.(devote)allherlifetomedicalworkforChinesewomenandchildren,shewongreatrespect.【答案】toadvance2.disability3.Equipped4.unbelievable5.havebeencontributing6.that7.withdrawn8.scientists9.including10.Devoting环节三变：单句语法填空1.Thereisevidence______acupuncture______(date)backtotheStoneAge,______stonetoolscalledbianwereusedtopressareasofthebody.2.______acupuncturedeveloped,thesimplebianstoneswerereplacedbystoneneedles.3.Thesesolidneedlesaremade______differentmetals,suchasgoldandsilver.4.Someacupuncturiststodaystillusegoldandsilverneedles,butthemajorityhavenowswitched______stainlesssteelones.5.Originally,therewereninedifferentkindsofneedles,with______(vary)inshape.6.Thisisaparticularlyimportantstepaccordingtotheenergytheory______acupuncture.7.Needles______(push)intotheskinatthesepointssothatahealthproblemcanbetreated.8.Uptonow,morethan360acupuncturepoints______(identify),each______(link)toadifferentpartofthebody.9.Overtheyears,acupuncture______(use)totreatawidevarietyofhealthproblems,includingseverepains,bloodpressureissues,stomach______(fort),sportsinjuriesandweightproblems.10.Despitethe______(certain)aboutitsmedicalbasis,acupuncturehasbeeapopularformoftreatment.11.AsauniquecontributionoftraditionalChinesemedicine,acupuncturespread______manyotherAsiancountries,suchasJapan,asearlyasthe6thcentury.12.Today,acupunctureisrecognized______asymboloftraditionalChinesecultureandhaseintowidespreadusearoundtheworld.13.Overthecourseofmycareer,I______(see)manywonderful______(science)developments,butnoneareasgamechangingasgenomeediting.14.______manyofyoumayalreadyknow,genesplayacriticalroleinshapingourlives.15.Ourownpersonalgenomecarriesalltheinformation______(need)tomakeusgrowanddevelop.16.Italsocontainsinformation______helpsdetermineourlifespanandaffectsourchancesofcontractingcertaindiseases.17.Geneticistshavebeentryingtoidentifywhichgenesrelatetowhichdiseases,______theybelievegenomeeditingisaneffectivemeansofdiseasetreatmentandprevention.18.Itallowsgeneticists______(make)changes______thegenomebycorrecting,adding,deletingorreplacingspecificpartsofthegeneticmaterial.19.Inthenearfuture,geneticistshopetoapplythistechnology______treatawiderangeofhealthproblems.20.Ultimately,thisnewtechnologymightevenmake______possibletopreventdiseasesfromeverdevelopingbycorrectingabnormalgenesearlyon.【答案】that;dates;when2.As3.of4.tovariations6.behind7.arepushedhavebeenidentified;linked9.hasbeenused;disfortuncertainty11.to12.ashaveseen;scientific14.Asneeded16.that17.as18.tomake;to19.to20.it004体系构建1.掌握本章节的重点词汇：1.掌握本章节的重点词汇：surgeonphysicianchemistspecializeaffectcontractidentifyrelatedeleterestoreabnormaloccurrestrictprohibitresistancewrestlemature2.了解关于医学进展的相关背景知识3.知道如何归纳reading部分四个段落的大意Para1:Genomeeditingbringsmanyexcitingpossibilities.Para24:Genomeeditingcanhelpwithdiseasetreatmentandpreventionandtheconcernsabouthowtousegeneeditingappropriately.Para5:Genomeeditingisoneofthegreatestinventionsinthehistoryofscience.005记忆清单一、重点词汇词性拓展_____surgeon_______(n.外科医生)→______surgery_____(n.外科手术)_____physician_______(n.医师，内科医生)→_____physical_____(adj.身体的；物质的)→___physically_____(adv.身体上)_____chemist_______(n.药剂师；化学家)→____Chemistry________(n.化学)→___chemical______(adj.化学的)→__chemically_____(adv.化学地)___specialize_____(vi.专门研究或从事，专攻)→____special____(adj.专门的；特殊的)→_____specially_______(adv.专门地；特殊地)→___specialist_______(n.专家)___gene_____(n.基因)→__genetic____(adj.基因的)__affect_____(vt.影响；侵袭；深深打动)→___affection_____(n.感情;喜爱;爱情)→_____effect_______(n.影响；效应)→___effective____(adj.有效的)____contract_______(vt.感染疾病；与…订立合同n.合同，合约)→____contraction____(n.收缩;缩小)__identify_____(vt.找到，发现；确认)→____identification____(n.识别;鉴定;确认)→___identity____(n.身份)_____relate_____(vt./vi.联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述)→____related_____(adj.相关的;有联系的)→____relation_____(n.关系，关联)_____delete_______(vt.删除，删去)→___deletion_____(n.删除，删去)_______restore_____(vt.恢复，修复)→_____restoration_______(n.恢复，修复)______abnormal______(adj.反常的，畸形的)→____normal____(adj.正常的)→__normally_____(adv.正常地；通常)___weapon_____(n.武器)→_____weapon_____(vt.武装;提供武器)____occur_____(vi.发生，出现；有…引起)→___occurred____(过去式)→_____occurred_____(过去分词)____restrict_____(vt.限制，限定，束缚)→______restricted______(adj.有限的，受限制的)→___restriction_____(n.限制，约束)___prohibit______(vt.禁止)→______prohibition______(n.禁止)_____resistance_____(n.抵抗力，抵制，反对)→_____resistant____(adj.有抵抗力的，抵制的；抗…的，耐…的)→____resist____(vt.抵制，抵抗)___characteristic______(n.特征，特点adj.典型的，独特的)→____character____(n.性格；特点，特征)____wrestle_____(vi./vt.奋力对付，努力处理)→___wrestler_____(n.摔跤手)_____mature_____(adj.成熟的；时机成熟的)→_____maturity____(n.成熟)→___immature___(adj.不成熟的)二、词组集锦playacriticalrolein起决定性作用apply…to…把…运用到…中arisefrom/outof由……引起restrict…to…把…限制于…prohibitsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事wrestlewith努力处理00601强化训练一、阅读理解ATheSolution(解决方法)forYourVacationinCostaRicaThisbeautifulbeachhousewasbuiltinanaturalenvironmentinsideaprivategatedmunity(住宅小区)namedLagunaVista.ItisoverlookingtheshiningwatersofthePacificOcean.Here，CostaRica’srichnaturalbeautyisalwaysonyourdoorstep.Only25minutes’drivefromtheairport.Itoffers3differentlevelswhichcanberentedseparatelyorinitstotality.Eachlevelisdesignedtoofferyoufort，privacyandsecurity.·Pool·Airconditioning·Hotwater·Privatebalconies·AllfurnishedPleasevisitourwebsiteandfeelfreetocontactusformoreinformation.WeletoOurSmallCottageStudioplexWeareasmallcottagestudio(单间公寓)plex，whichisverypopularduetoourlocation—fourblockstothebeach，threeblockstoStateStreetandtwoblockstothefarmer’smarket.Anditisfurnishedwiththebasicsandisequippedwithafullkitchen.Many__of__the__studios__get__wireless__Internet__as__a__reward.Inthesummer，youcanvisitourcottagestudiosasanaffordablealternativetoahotel.Ifyouareinterested，callusat5471931533.FeelfortableinOurApartmentHomesMoonIslandisabrandnewfurnishedapartmentbuilding，closetotheSueRiverandPearPark，2minutes’walktothecitycentre.Housesforrenthereprovideperfectfacilities(设施)likeoutdoorswimmingpool，gymnasium，childrenplayground，etc.Eachhousehasa42inchesflatLCDTV，anairconditioner，arefrigerator，kitchenfittings，24hourhotwatersupply，24hoursecurityguard，etc.Thetransportationisveryconvenient.2br：6，500RMB3br：7，800RMB【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。给我们介绍了三种海边的住宿。21.Accordingtothetext，whatismontothethreeplacesisthat________.A.thecitycenteriswithinwalkingdistanceB.thepriceisbothreasonableandaffordableC.thegymnasiumisavailableforalltheguestsD.thebasicfacilitiesinthemarewellprovided【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。第一则说“Allfurnished”，第二则说“furnishedwiththebasicsandisequippedwithafullkitchen”，第三则说“brandnewfurnished”.因此选择D项。22.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceprobablymean?A.YoushallgetmoneyifyousurftheInternet.B.YouhavetogoontheInternetintheworkshops.C.YoucanusetheInternetfreeinmanyoftherooms.D.YouhavetopaysomemoneytogoontheInternet.【答案】C【解析】句意理解题。第二则广告中画线句子表示单间公寓有无线网作为报酬，这里表示的是租了这个单间公寓能给你带来的报酬，因此选C项。23.Accordingtothetext，ifyou’retiredofhotelsinthesummer，youcan________.A.chooseacottageroomforachangeB.buildanapartmentinMoonIslandC.buyafurnishedhouseinCostaRicaD.shareastudioclosetothecitycenter【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。题干中提到在夏季厌倦了旅馆，只有第二则广告提到这些信息，根据第二则广告中的“Inthesummer，youcanvisitourcottagestudiosasanaffordablealternativetoahotel.”可知选A项。BCheerleading(拉拉队)datesbacktothelate19thcentury,whencrowdsbegantochantandyelltoencouragetheirteams.CreditforthefirstorganizedcheerwasgiventoaUniversityofMinnesotastudentnamedJohnnyCampbell,whogotthestudentstoshout“Rah,rah,rah!Sku­u­mar,Hoo­rah!Hoo­rah!Varsity!Varsity!Varsity,Minn­e­so­ta！”fortheirfootballteaminthe1898season.Soonafter,ayell­leadergroupofsixmalestudentswasorganized,apracticethatbecamepopularatnumerousotheruniversities.Forthefirstfewdecadesofitshistorycheerleadingwasanall­maleactivity,butbythe1920s,womenbegantotakepartintheactivityaswell.Nowadaysmorethan90%ofAmerica'scheerleadingparticipantsarefemale.In1948,LawrenceHerkimer,aformerSouthernMethodistUniversitycheerleaderformedtheNationalCheerleadersAssociation(NCA).Herkimeriscreditedwithcreatingmanyofcheerleading'sfundamentalmoves.Cheerleadingremainedinitssupportingroleuntilthe1980s,whencheerleadingpetitions,organizedbytheNationalCheerleadersAssociationandothergroups,startedtogrowinpopularity.Forthefirsttime,teamsgotoffthesidelinesandtookcentrestage,petingwithteamsfromallovertheU．S.Todaycheerleaderscanbefoundatalmostanykindofsportingevent,includingtheOlympicsandtheCricketWorldCup.ThesporthasspreadfromtheU.S.tomanyothercountries,likeMexico.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，简单介绍了拉拉队的发展历史。24．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEtothefirstorganizedcheer?A．Itstartedintheearly19thcentury.B．Itmadecrowdsaroundtheschoolchantandyelltoencouragetheirteams.C．Ithadthestudentsshoutcertainwordsfortheirfootballteam.D．Itgotagroupofsixmalestudentstoshoutfortheirfootballteam.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。第一段第二句提到，第一次有组织的加油要归功于明尼苏达大学的学生强尼·坎伯，在1898年