四川省雅安市2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题含解析

PAGE25-四川省雅安市2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共12页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。留意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2.答选择题时，必需运用2B铅笔将答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3.答非选择题时，必需运用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。4.全部题目必需在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。第Ⅰ卷（选择题共100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whenwillthespeakersplaytennistoday?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.2.Howdidthewomangetthesweater?A.Herhusbandgaveittoher.B.Shemadeitherself.C.Sheboughtitherself.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthehospital.B.Ataflowershop.C.Atschool.4.WhereistheEastLakeHotel?A.OnthecornerB.Nearthestation.C.Neartheairport.5.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Nervous.B.Upset.C.Relaxed.其次节

（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中做给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthesubwayhere?A.It’scrowded.B.It’sconvenient.C.It’scomplicated.7.Howlongisthesubwayinserviceintheman’scountry?A.16hours.B.18hours.C.20hours.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Wherearethetypistsprobably?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inthepostoffice.C.Intheoffice.9.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Buyastamp.B.FindJustin.C.Postaletter.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatisinAdam’sroom?A.Atelephone.B.ATV.C.Adesktopcomputer.11.Whattimewillgrandpaandgrandmacomeback?A.At4:00.B.At5:00.C.At6:00.12.WherewillAdamlive?A.Intheschooldorm.B.Athishome.C.Inahostfamily.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodotonight?A.Playsomesports.B.Havedinnerwithher.C.Helpwithherstudy.14.WhyisthemangoingtoMiami?A.Togosightseeing.B.Toattendawedding.C.Totakeabusinesstrip.15.Whereisthewomangoingnow?A.Tothetenniscourts.B.Tothecoffeeshop.C.Toherschool.16.Whatdoesthemandecidetodoatlast?A.Putoffhistrip.B.Comebackearly.C.Taketennislessons.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WheredidTomcomefrom?A.Canada.B.Africa.C.America.18.WhenwasTomstayinginSamoa?A.Lastyear.B.Lastweek.C.Lastmonth.19.WhatdidTomwanttodowhenhesawsomechildrenplaying?A.Hewantedtoplaywiththem.B.Hewantedtomakefriendswiththem.C.Hewantedtotakesomepicturesofthem.20.WhydidtheboysshoutatTom?ABecausetheywereangrywithhim.B.Becausetheywereafraidofbeingill.C.Becausethecoverofthecamerawasn’ttakenoff.其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A★LOUDOUNCOUNTRYDAYSCHOOLGrades:Preschool-Grade8LCDS.org•703-777-3841Award-winningschoolfeaturesalowstudent-teacherratio(比率).Coursesincludeart,STEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,Mathematics),computerprogramming,languages,athletics,instruments.BYOT(BringYourOwnTechnology),one-to-oneprograminfourththrougheighthgrades.It’sfamousforitsuniquefieldtrips.★NYSMITHSCHOOLGrades:3years-Grade8Nysmith•703-552-2912Top10intheworld,fun,award-winningprogram,upto4gradelevelsofdiversification(多样化)inreadingandmathclasses,dailyscience,computers,logic,foreignlanguages,muchmore.1:9ratio.Minimal(最少的)homework.Hands-onexperimentallearning,agreatattractionforstudentsacrossthecountry.2014TommyAwardfromTJforthespecialachievementofNysmithAlumni.★FUSIONACADEMYTYSONSGrades:6-12FusionTysonsCorner•866-461-8039FusionAcademyisaprivatemiddleandhighschoolwhereallclassesareone-to-one:onestudentandoneteacherperclassroom.Here,positiverelationshipsunlockstudents’potential.Schedulingispersonalized,andnohomeworkgoeshome.ComesoontoTysons,Virginia,andachieveschool&lifebalance.★RANDOLPH-MACONACADEMYGrades:6-12,Postgraduate•540-636-5484R-MAisacollege-prepboardingschoolwithAirForceJROTC,devotedtodevelopingstudentsofacademicachievement,leadership,andresponsiblecitizenship.Withsmallerclasses—onaverage,14-17studentsperclass—studentsatR-MAfindthemselvesbuildingtheirconfidencebecauseourteacherscareabouteachstudent.Graduatingclasseshavea100%collegeacceptancerateandaverageover$56.6millionincollegescholarshipsofferseachyear.1.HowdoesLOUDOUNCOUNTRYDAYSCHOOLdifferfromtheothers?A.Itoffersfieldtrips. B.Ithasavarietyofcourses.C.Itprovidesone-to-oneclasses. D.Ithasaward-winningprograms.2.WhydoesNYSMITHSCHOOLattractstudents?A.Ithasnohomework. B.Itistheworld’sbestschool.C.ItisafrequentwinneroftheTommyAward. D.Itgivesthemachancetolearnfromexperience.3.Whichschoolspecializesinpersonalizededucation?A.NYSMITHSCHOOL. B.FUSIONACADEMYTYSONS.C.RANDOLPH-MACONACADEMY. D.LOUDOUNCOUNTRYDAYSCHOOL.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四所学校的状况，包括年级、电话和学校特色等信息。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据★LOUDOUNCOUNTRYDAYSCHOOL部分中It’sfamousforitsuniquefieldtrips.可知它以独特的实地考察旅行而著名。由此可知，LOUDOUN乡村走读学校与其他学校的不同之处在于它供应实地考察旅行。故选A。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据★NYSMITHSCHOOL部分中Hands-onexperimentallearning,agreatattractionforstudentsacrossthecountry.可知动手试验学习，对全国各地的学生有很大的吸引力。由此可知，NYSMITH学校吸引学生，因为这给了他们一个从阅历中学习的机会。故选D。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据★FUSIONACADEMYTYSONS部分中FusionAcademyisaprivatemiddleandhighschoolwhereallclassesareone-to-one:onestudentandoneteacherperclassroom.Here,positiverelationshipsunlockstudents’potential.Schedulingispersonalized,andnohomeworkgoeshome.可知FusionAcademy是一所私立中学和中学，全部班级都是一对一的:每个教室一个学生和一个老师。在这里，主动的关系释放学生的潜力。日程支配是特性化的，回家没有家庭作业。由此可知，FUSIONACADEMYTYSONS学校擅长特性化教化。故选B。BNickVujicicwasbornwithnoarmsorlegs,butthebrave32­year­oldmanplaysfootballandgolf,swims,andsurfs.Nickhasasmallfootonhisleftside,whichhelpshimbalanceandenableshimtokick.Heuseshisonefoottotype,writewithapenandpickthingsupbetweenhistoes.“Icallitmychickendrumstick(畸形的小腿),”jokedNick.“I’dbelostwithoutit.WhenIgetinthewaterIfloatbecause80percentofmybodyislungsandmydrumstickactsasapropeller(螺旋桨).”WhenNickwasborn,hisdistraughtmothercouldn’tbringherselftoholdhimuntilhewasfourmonthsold.“Itwassohardformyparents,butrightfromthestarttheydidtheirbesttomakemeindependent.”saidNick.ThroughouthischildhoodNickdealtwiththetypicalchallenges.Attheageofseven,Nicktriedoutsomespeciallydesignedelectronicarmsandlegs,inthehopethathewouldbemorelikeotherkids.ButtheyturnedouttobemuchtooheavyforNicktooperate,affectinghisflexibilityquitesignificantly.“WhenIwas13Ireadanewspaperarticleaboutadisabledmanwhohadmanagedtoachievegreatthingsandhelpothers,”saidNick.“IrealizedwhyGodhadmadeuslikethis—togivehopetoothers.ItwassoinspirationaltomethatIdecidedtousemylifetoencourageothersanddecidedtobethankfulforwhatIdohave,notgetangryaboutwhatIdon’t.”“Itellpeopletokeepongettingupwhentheyfallandtoalwayslovethemselves,”hesaid.“IfIcanencouragejustonepersonthenmyjobinthislifeisdone.”Bynow,hehasvisited35differentcountries,touringtheworldasamotivationalspeaker.4WhatmakesitpossibleforNicktoswiminthewater?A.Hissmallsize. B.Hissmallfoot.C.Hislightweight. D.Hisbiglungs.5.Theunderlinedword“distraught”inParagraph3probablymeans“________”.A.cold­blooded B.bad­tempered C.extremelyupset D.reallycrazy6.Nickabandonedtheelectronicarmsandlegsbecause____________.A.hisfamilycouldn’taffordthem B.hisclassmatesdidn’tlikethemC.theyweretooheavytohandle D.theyaffectedhisappearance7.WhatdidNickdecidetodowhenhewas13?A.Totraveltodifferentcountries. B.Tosetuphisbusinessinnewspapers.C.Totrytobecomeamotivationalspeaker. D.Toencouragepeoplewhowereintrouble.【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了NickVujicic，虽然诞生时就没有胳膊和腿，但这位英勇的32岁男子会踢足球、打高尔夫球、游泳和冲浪。到目前为止，他已经访问了35个不同的国家，作为一名励志演说家环游世界。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段中NickVujicicwasbornwithnoarmsorlegs,butthebrave32­year­oldmanplaysfootballandgolf,swims,andsurfs.Nickhasasmallfootonhisleftside,whichhelpshimbalanceandenableshimtokick.可知NickVujicic诞生时就没有胳膊和腿，但这位英勇的32岁男子会踢足球、打高尔夫球、游泳和冲浪。尼克的左边有一只小脚，这帮助他保持平衡，并使他能够踢。以及其次段“Icallitmychickendrumstick(畸形的小腿),”jokedNick.“I’dbelostwithoutit.WhenIgetinthewaterIfloatbecause80percentofmybodyislungsandmydrumstickactsasapropeller(螺旋桨).”可知“我把它叫作畸形的小腿，”Nick开玩笑说。“假如没有它，我会不知所措。我一下水就会浮起来，因为我身体的80%都是肺，而我畸形的小腿就像一个螺旋桨。”由此可知，是Nick的小脚让他在水里游泳成为可能。故选B。【5题详解】词义揣测题。依据后文“Itwassohardformyparents,butrightfromthestarttheydidtheirbesttomakemeindependent.”saidNick.可知“这对我的父母来说很困难，但从一起先他们就尽力让我独立。”Nick说。由此可知，Nick诞生的时候，他的母亲因为无法让自己抱着他而特别懊丧。即划线单词意思为“特别懊丧的”。A.cold­blooded冷血的；B.bad­tempered脾气不好的；C.extremelyupset特别懊丧的；D.reallycrazy很疯狂。故选C。【6题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第四段中ButtheyturnedouttobemuchtooheavyforNicktooperate,affectinghisflexibilityquitesignificantly.可知但对Nick来说，它们太重了，无法操作，严峻影响了他的敏捷性。由此可知，Nick放弃了电子手臂和腿，因为它们太重了，无法操作。故选C。【7题详解】细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段“WhenIwas13Ireadanewspaperarticleaboutadisabledmanwhohadmanagedtoachievegreatthingsandhelpothers,”saidNick.“IrealizedwhyGodhadmadeuslikethis—togivehopetoothers.ItwassoinspirationaltomethatIdecidedtousemylifetoencourageothersanddecidedtobethankfulforwhatIdohave,notgetangryaboutwhatIdon’t.”可知“当我13岁的时候，我在报纸上读到一篇文章，说一个残疾人取得了很大的成就，并且帮助了别人，”Nick说。“我意识到为什么上帝把我们造成这样——给别人希望。这对我来说是如此鼓舞人心，所以我确定用我的生命去激励别人，确定对我所拥有的心怀感谢，而不是对我所没有的生气。”由此可知，Nick13岁的时候，他确定做激励陷入逆境的人。故选D。CManycitiesandtownshavelawsthatrequirepeopletorecyclepaperandplastics.Nowsomestateandlocalgovernmentshavepassedlawsthatrequirecitizenstorecycletheirfoodwasteaswell.California

and

Vermont

havestatewidelawsaboutrecyclingfoodwastethatapplytobusinessesandhomes.Theprocessofrecyclingfoodwasteandturningitintousablesoiliscalledcomposting(堆制肥料).Foodwastethatcanbecompostedincludesfruitandvegetablepeels,coffeegrounds,teabags,andeggshells.Gardenwastesuchasstemsandleavescanalsobecomposted.Meat,fish,anddairyfoodwastecannotberecycled.Accordingtoenvironmentalgroups,compostingreducestheamountoftrashgoingintolandfills,andcompostedwasteholdsawiderangeofnutrients(养分物).Whencompostisaddedtothesoilingardensandfields,ithelpscropsgrow.

Reducingtheamountofwastethatgoesintolandfillsisonereasonwhycitiesandstatesarepassingfood-wasterecyclinglaws.“Ourlandfillsarefarfromenoughforthecreationofnewonesisshrinking.”ReneeCrowley,aprojectmanageratthe

LowerEastSide

Ecology

Center

in

NewYorkCity,toldTFK.Officialsin

Seattle,

Washington,saythatfoodwastemakesup30%ofthetrashgoingintolandfills,andtheyarelookingtoreducethatpercentage.Thatcityhasalawrequiringpeopletorecyclefoodwaste.Itisbannedfromallgarbage.Thereisafine(罚款)forpeoplewhoputitintoregulargarbage.Thosewhoareagainstfood-recyclinglawssaythatthecompostingprocessiscostly.Inaddition,itcanbedifficultforpeoplewholiveinapartmentstostoretheirwastebecausetheydon’thaveaccesstooutsidestoragebins.PattiFergusonfrom

OrangeCounty,

California,toldherlocalnewspaperthatshethoughtanindoorcontainercontainingfoodwastewouldgetsmelly.8.Whatdoweknowaboutcompostingfromthetext?A.Leavescan’tbereused. B.Notallfoodwastecanbecomposted.C.Itischeaptocompostfoodwaste. D.Itisusuallyprocessedinemptylandfills.9.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Benefitsofrecyclingfoodwaste. B.Ways

ofkeepingnutrientsinthesoil.C.Ways

ofreducingtheamountoftrash. D.Examplesofdifferentusefulnutrients.10.In

Seattle,throwingfoodwasteintogarbageis_____.A.acceptable B.shameful C.required D.illegal11.What’sPattiFerguson’sattitudetowardsfood-recyclinglawsprobably?A.Thankful. B.Negative. C.Uncaring. D.Supportive.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。许多城市制定了法律要求市民循环利用纸类和塑料，现在美国一些州通过法律让市民们循环利用食物垃圾。食物堆制的肥料可以削减垃圾，保留养分成分、帮助庄稼或花园植物成长。当然也有反对的声音，认为在室内摆放装有食物垃圾的容器有异味。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段Foodwastethatcanbecompostedincludesfruitandvegetablepeels,coffeegrounds,teabags,andeggshells.Gardenwastesuchasstemsandleavescanalsobecomposted.Meat,fish,anddairyfoodwastecannotberecycled.可知可以堆肥食物垃圾包括水果和蔬菜皮、咖啡渣、茶包和蛋壳。花园的废弃物，如茎和叶，也可以制成堆肥。肉类、鱼类和奶制品的食物垃圾不能被回收利用。由此可知，不是全部的食物垃圾都可以堆肥。故选B。【9题详解】主旨大意题。依据第三段Accordingtoenvironmentalgroups,compostingreducestheamountoftrashgoingintolandfills,andcompostedwasteholdsawiderangeofnutrients(养分物).Whencompostisaddedtothesoilingardensandfields,ithelpscropsgrow.可知依据环保组织的说法，堆肥削减了进入垃圾填埋场的垃圾数量，而且堆肥的垃圾含有多种养分成分。当堆肥被添加到花园和田野的土壤中，它有助于农作物生长。由此可知，第三段主要讲了回收食物垃圾的好处。故选A。【10题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第五段中Thereisafine(罚款)forpeoplewhoputitintoregulargarbage.可知把食物垃圾倒进一般垃圾的人会被罚款。由此可知，在西雅图，把食物垃圾扔进垃圾堆是违法的，会被罚款。故选D。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段中Thosewhoareagainstfood-recyclinglawssaythatthecompostingprocessiscostly.Inaddition,itcanbedifficultforpeoplewholiveinapartmentstostoretheirwastebecausetheydon’thaveaccesstooutsidestoragebins.PattiFergusonfromOrangeCounty,California,toldherlocalnewspaperthatshethoughtanindoorcontainercontainingfoodwastewouldgetsmelly.可知那些反对食品回收法的人说，堆肥过程是昂贵的。此外，居住在公寓里的人很难储存他们的垃圾，因为他们无法运用室外的垃圾箱。，来自加州奥兰治县的PattiFerguson告知当地报纸，她认为装食物垃圾的室内容器会发臭。由此可推知，PattiFerguson对食品回收法律持消极看法。故选B。DAdviceto“sleeponit”couldbewellfounded,scientistssay.Afteragoodnight’ssleepaproblemthatcouldn’tbesolvedthenightbeforecanoftenappearmoremanageable,althoughtheevidenceuntilnowhasbeenanecdotal.ButresearchersattheUniversityofLuebekinGermanyhavedesignedanexperimentthatshowsagoodnight’ssleepcanimproveinsightandproblem-solving.“Ifyouhavesomenewly-gotmemoriesinyourbrain,sleepactsonthesememoriesandrestructuresthem,sothataftersleeptheinsightintoproblemwhichyoucouldnotsolvebeforeincreases,”saidDr.JanBorn,aneuroscientist,attheuniversity.Totestthetheory,theytaughtvolunteerstwosimplerulestohelpthemturnastringofnumbersintoaneworder.Therewasalsoathird,hiddenrule,whichcouldhelpthemincreasetheirspeedinsolvingtheproblem.Theresearchersdividedthevolunteersintotwogroups:halfwereallowedtosleepafterthetrainingwhiletherestwereforcedtostayawake.Dr.JanBornandhisteamnoticedthatthegroupthathadsleptafterthetrainingweretwiceaslikelytofigureoutthethirdruleastheothergroup.“Sleephelped,”Bornsaidinatelephoneinterview.“Theimportantthingisthatyouhavetohaveamemoryrepresentationinyourbrainoftheproblemyouwanttosolveandthenyousleep,soitcanactontheproblem.“ButBornadmittedthatheandhisteamdon’tknowhowrestructuringofmemoriesoccursorwhatgovernsit.PierreMaquetandPerrineRubyoftheUniversityofLiegeinBelgiumsaidtheexperimentalevidencesupportstheanecdotalsuggestionsthatsleepcanhelpdevelopcreativethinking.Althoughtheroleofsleepinhumancreativitywillstillbeamystery,theresearchgivespeoplegoodreasontofullyrespecttheirperiodsofsleep,theyadded.12.Theunderlinedphrase“sleeponit”inParagraph1probablymeans_____.A.togetasmuchsleepaspossibleB.togoonsleepingwithoutbeingdisturbedC.todelaydecidingsomethinguntilthenextdayD.tosleeptillafterthetimeyouusuallygetupinthemorning13.Whatisthepurposeoftheexperiment?A.Totestproblem-solvingabilityinsleep. B.Todiscoverpeople’sinsightduringsleep.C.Toproveagoodsleephelpssolveproblems. D.Todiscusshowtoimprovesleepingquality.14.HowdidJanBornandhisteamcarryouttheexperiment?A.Throughcomparison. B.Throughinterviews.C.Throughtalks. D.Throughimagination.15.Whatcanwelearnabouttheexperimentalevidence?A.Ithelpsscientistscontrolmemories. B.Itexplainstheroleofsleepinhuman.C.Ittellsustheroleofsleepisamystery. D.Itshowssleepdoesgoodtocreativethinking.【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了良好的睡眠可以提高洞察力和解决问题的实力。【12题详解】词义揣测题。依据后文Afteragoodnight’ssleepaproblemthatcouldn’tbesolvedthenightbeforecanoftenappearmoremanageable可知睡了一夜好觉后，前一天晚上无法解决的问题通常会显得更简单处理，由此可知，科学家们表示，“推迟到其次天再做确定”的建议是有充分依据的。即划线短语意思为“推迟到其次天再做确定”。故选C。【13题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段中ButresearchersattheUniversityofLuebekinGermanyhavedesignedanexperimentthatshowsagoodnight’ssleepcanimproveinsightandproblem-solving.可知但德国吕贝克高校的探讨人员设计了一项试验，表明良好的睡眠可以提高洞察力和解决问题的实力。由此可知，这个试验的目的是证明良好的睡眠有助于解决问题。故选C。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段中Theresearchersdividedthevolunteersintotwogroups:halfwereallowedtosleepafterthetrainingwhiletherestwereforcedtostayawake.可知探讨人员将志愿者分成两组:训练结束后，一半人被允许睡觉，另一半人被强迫保持醒悟。以及第三段中Dr.JanBornandhisteamnoticedthatthegroupthathadsleptafterthetrainingweretwiceaslikelytofigureoutthethirdruleastheothergroup.可知JanBorn博士和他的团队留意到，在训练后睡觉的那组人发觉第三条规则的可能性是另一组人的两倍。由此可推知，JanBorn和他的团队是通过比较进行试验的。故选A。【15题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中PierreMaquetandPerrineRubyoftheUniversityofLiegeinBelgiumsaidtheexperimentalevidencesupportstheanecdotalsuggestionsthatsleepcanhelpdevelopcreativethinking.可知比利时列日高校的PierreMaquet和PerrineRuby说，试验证据支持了睡眠有助于培育创建性思维的说法。由此我们能从试验证据中了解到，睡眠对创建性思维有好处。故选D。其次节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Sometimesyoufindyourselfinasituationwhereyoufindithardtotoleratesomeone’sactionsorwords.Trytounderstandwhereeachpersoniscomingfrom,andavoidmakingitintoapersonalbattle.Youcantrytodevelopamoretolerantattitudebylearningaboutdifferentpeople,developingconfidenceinyourself,andcomingtoappreciatedifferences.___16___Makeeffortstounderstandsomeoneelse.Youmayhaveverydifferentbackgroundsandexperiences.___17___Sotrytoseethingsfromhisside.Askforanexplanation.Ifyouaretalkingtosomeoneandhesayssomethingthatyoufindhardtoaccept,youcanfigureouthisperspectivewithoutbeingintolerant.___18___Forexample,youmightsaysomethinglike,“OK,tellmemoreaboutthat.Whatmakesyouthinkthat？”Anyway,rememberthattolerancedoesnotmeanacceptingunacceptablebehavior.___19___Thismaybeamorenegativekindoftolerancethanlearningtoacceptandvaluedifferences,butitcanbeuseful.Todothisyouwouldhavetoavoidcertaintopicsofconversation,orswiftlychangethesubjectwhennecessary.Dealwithaconflict.Whenyouhavedifficultytoleratingsomeone’sactionsorwords,youcanstartbycalmlydescribingwhatyoufindoffensive.____20____Andyoushouldthenexplainhowtheproblemwouldbedealtwith.A.Trytoignoreyourdifferences.B.Use“I”statementsratherthan“you”statements.C.Startbystatingwhatyouthinkagoodsituationis.D.Trytounderstandhisviewswellbyaskinghimtoexplainthem.E.Herearetipsthathelpyoutolerateothersindifficultsituations.F.Whatseemsobvioustoyoumightseemstrangetosomeoneelse.G.Next,trytogetabetterunderstandingofeachother’sviewsaboutit.【答案】16.E17.F18.D19.A20.G【解析】这是一篇说明文。有时你发觉自己很难容忍别人的行为或言语。试着了解每个人从何而来，避开把它变成一场个人斗争。你可以通过了解不同的人，培育自信，观赏不同的人来培育更宽容的看法。文章主要就如何在困难的状况下容忍他人提出了一些建议。【16题详解】本句为第一段最终一句，有启示下文的作用，结合后文主要说明白一些帮助人们容忍他人的建议。故E选项“这里有一些建议可以帮助你在困难的状况下容忍他人”符合上下文语境，故选E。【17题详解】依据上文Makeeffortstounderstandsomeoneelse.Youmayhaveverydifferentbackgroundsandexperiences.可知努力去理解别人。你们可能有特别不同的背景和经验。以及后文Sotrytoseethingsfromhisside.可知所以试着从他的角度看问题。由此可知，因为背景和经验不同，所以在你看来自不待言的事情，在别人看来可能很惊奇，因此要试着从他人的肯定看问题。故F选项“在你看来自不待言的事情，在别人看来可能很惊奇”符合上下文语境，故选F。【18题详解】依据上文Askforanexplanation.Ifyouaretalkingtosomeoneandhesayssomethingthatyoufindhardtoaccept,youcanfigureouthisperspectivewithoutbeingintolerant.可知要求一个说明。假如你和一个人闲聊，他说了一些你难以接受的话，你可以弄清晰他的观点，而不至于不宽容。由此可知，本句承接上文说明，当你觉得某人的观点难以接受时，应当试着去理解，请对方说明。故D选项“试着理解他的观点，请他说明”符合上下文语境，故选D。【19题详解】依据后文Thismaybeamorenegativekindoftolerancethanlearningtoacceptandvaluedifferences,butitcanbeuseful.Todothisyouwouldhavetoavoidcertaintopicsofconversation,orswiftlychangethesubjectwhennecessary.可知这可能是一种比学习接受和重视差异更消极的宽容，但它可能是有用的。要做到这一点，你必需避开某些谈话的话题，或在必要时快速变更话题。由此可知，本段说明的是试着忽视你和对方的差异。故A选项“试着忽视你们的差异”符合上下文语境，故选A。【20题详解】依据上文Dealwithaconflict.Whenyouhavedifficultytoleratingsomeone’sactionsorwords,youcanstartbycalmlydescribingwhatyoufindoffensive.可知处理好冲突。当你难以容忍某人的行为或言语时，你可以从安静地描述你觉得冒犯的东西起先。以及后文Andyoushouldthenexplainhowtheproblemwouldbedealtwith.可知然后你应当说明如何处理这个问题。由此可知，遇到冲突，先是安静地描述你觉得冒犯的地方，接着试着了解彼此对它的看法，最终是说明如何处理。故G选项“接下来，试着更好地了解彼此对它的看法”符合上下文语境，故选G。第三部分英语学问运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A,B,C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Iwasonmycellphonesharingmyexcitementaboutthestorieswereceivedforanewbookaboutresolutions(决心).WhenI___21___mycall,my11-year-oldsonBaileyaskedifhecouldwriteastory.Iwassurprisedbyhis___22___andaskedifhehad“resolved”todosomething___23___inhislife.Hisreply___24___me.Hesaid,“Ihaveresolvedtobenicertoyoungerchildren.”Baileyhasalwaysbeengenerouswitholderkids.___25___,whenitcomestoyoungerkids,hefalls___26___.HegetsangrywhentheytouchhisLegocreationsor___27___tounderstandhowtoplayhisvideogames.MyhusbandandIhavemanyfriendswithyoungerchildrenwho___28___regularly.Eachtimebeforetheyarrive,wetellBaileyhowwewould___29___itifheweremorepatientwiththeyoungerkids.Hestartsoutgreat,butasthenightwearson,hispatience____30____.Ifounditinterestingthathewas____31____makingachange.Later,I____32____ourconversationandrealizedthatBaileyhadactuallytakenaction.Thelasttimeourfriend’sson,Brayden,____33____,BaileyinvitedhimtoplaywithhisLegos.InsteadofgettingangrythatBraydenwasnot____34____correctly,accordingtoBailey’s____35____,heallowedhimtocreatehisownversionofanairplane.Whenplayingvideogames,insteadoftellingBraydenhewastoo____36____tounderstandtheconcept,hegavehimanunplugged(没插电的)____37____andletBraydenbelievehewasfightingalongsideBailey.Asparents,weoftenfeelasifour____38____fallondeafears,butnowIrealizethatmysonhasbeenlisteningallalong.Heis____39____tobeabetterpersonandIam____40____ofhim.21.A.expected B.ended C.returned D.answered22.A.concern B.talent C.request D.belief23.A.different B.adventurous C.scientific D.enjoyable24.A.puzzled B.embarrassed C.annoyed D.surprised25.A.Therefore B.Instead C.However D.Besides26.A.asleep B.sick C.impatient D.silent27.A.agree B.fail C.tend D.manage28.A.visit B.practice C.perform D.debate29.A.handle B.appreciate C.recognize D.replace30.A.paysoff B.takesover C.reachesout D.wearsout31.A.casually B.normally C.innocently D.voluntarily32.A.concentrated B.recalled C.counted D.commented33.A.cameover B.gaveup C.showedoff D.ranaway34.A.writing B.reading C.building D.sitting35.A.standards B.situations C.memories D.experiments36.A.weak B.nervous C.busy D.young37.A.controller B.freezer C.computer D.lamp38.A.assessments B.achievements C.instructions D.imaginations39.A.pretending B.refusing C.training D.attempting40.A.aware B.proud C.tired D.afraid【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.C27.B28.A29.B30.D31.D32.B33.A34.C35.A36.D37.A38.C39.D40.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文作者讲解并描述了自己儿子Bailey的变更。Bailey以前对大孩子很慷慨，但是对小孩子就不这样了。作者常常教化Bailey要对小孩子耐性些。Bailey也的确实行了行动，变更对小孩子的看法，这让作者很欣慰和傲慢。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我结束通话时，我11岁的儿子Bailey问我是否可以写一个故事。A.expected期盼；B.ended结束；C.returned返回；D.answered回答。依据上文Iwasonmycellphone可知作者原来在讲电话，故此处指结束了通话后，儿子问作者他是否能写一个故事。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对他的恳求感到惊异，并问他是否“决心”要在他的生活中做一些不同的事情。A.concern关切；B.talent才能；C.request恳求；D.belief信念。依据上文Baileyaskedifhecouldwriteastory.可知前面一句讲到她的儿子问他是否能写这个故事，这是他儿子的一个恳求，故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对他的要求感到惊异，并问他是否“决心”要在他的生活中做一些不同的事情。A.different不同的；B.adventurous冒险的；C.scientific科学的；D.enjoyable欢乐的。依据上文Iwassurprisedbyhis可知作者对儿子的恳求感到惊异，说明自己写故事这件事对儿子来说是一件不同的有难度的事情。故选A。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的回答使我惊讶。A.puzzled困惑的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.annoyed愤怒的；D.surprised惊异的。结合后文Hesaid,“Ihaveresolvedtobenicertoyoungerchildren.”可知儿子回答作者自己要对年幼的孩子好一些，没有人要求他这么做，所以他这个回答让作者感到惊异。故选D。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，一遇到小孩子，他就不耐烦了。A.Therefore因此；B.Instead相反；C.However然而；D.Besides而且。结合上下文语境可知为转折关系，故应用however。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，一遇到小孩子，他就不耐烦了。A.asleep睡着的；B.sick生病的；C.impatient不耐性的；D.silent缄默的。依据第三段中heweremorepatientwiththeyoungerkids可知Bailey对小孩子不耐烦。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们触摸他的乐高作品或没能理解如何玩他的电子嬉戏时，他会生气。A.agree同意；B.fail失败；C.tend照料；D.manage管理。依据后文tounderstandhowtoplayhisvideogames.可知是指小孩子不理解如何玩Bailey的电子嬉戏时，Bailey会生气。短语failtodosth.“没能做某事”。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫和我有许多挚友，他们的孩子比我小，常常来探望我。A.visit探望；B.practice练习；C.perform表演；D.debate辩论。依据后文Eachtimebeforetheyarrive可知作者和丈夫的孩子常常来探望和探望作者他们。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次在孩子们到来之前，我们都会告知Bailey，假如他能对年幼的孩子们更有耐性一些，我们将不胜感谢。A.handle处理；B.appreciate观赏；C.recognize识别；D.replace取代。前文讲到作者的丈夫和她有许多有小孩子的挚友，会定期来访。所以可知他们希望Bailey对小孩子更有耐性些，作者和丈夫将很感谢。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他起先时很宏大，但随着夜幕的驾临 ，他的耐性慢慢耗尽。A.paysoff有回报；B.takesover接管；C.reachesout伸出；D.wearsout耗尽，磨损。前面讲到“他起先表现很好”，然后以but（但是）转折，可知后面他的耐性耗尽了，故选D。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我觉得好玩的是，他是自愿做出变更的。A.casually随意地；B.normally正常地；C.innocently无辜地；D.voluntarily自愿地。依据下一段中Baileyhadactuallytakenaction.可知Bailey是志愿实行行动对小孩子耐性的。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我回想起我们的谈话，意识到Bailey事实上已经实行了行动。A.concentrated集中；B.recalled回想起；C.counted计算；D.commented评论。依据后文ourconversationandrealizedthatBaileyhadactuallytakenaction可知作者后来回想自己和儿子的对话，才意识到Bailey事实上已经实行了行动。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：上次我们挚友的儿子Brayden来我家时，Bailey邀请他去玩他的乐高玩具。A.cameover顺便来访；B.gaveup放弃；C.showedoff炫耀；D.ranaway逃跑。结合后文Ba