Unit2单元综合测试习题检测

Unit1单元综合测试习题检测阅读理解A（2024·浙江杭州·期末练习）TherearetwodriveincampgroundsinHawaiiVolcanoesNationalPark,NāmakanipaioandKulanaokuaiki.NämakanipaioNämakanipaioCampgroundisoperatedbyHawaiiVolcanoesLodgepany.Itisalarge,opengrassyareawithtalltrees.Thiscampgroundhasrestrooms,water,picnictablesandbarbequepits.Campfiresarepermittedinthebarbequepitsonly.Maximumstayis7days.Fees:Thereisapaystationonsite.Driveinsites—$15.00pernight.Iftherearemorethantwopeopleinyourparty,youcanexpandtofourpeoplepersitewithanothertent.Weathermaybecoolallyearround.Daytimetemperaturerange:60sto80sF.Nighttimetemperaturerange:30sto50sF.Wesuggestthatyouuseatentwithagoodrainflyandbringwarmclothingforcooldaysandevenings.Reservationsarerequired.KulanaokuaikiKulanaokuaikiCampgroundislocatedaboutfivemilesdowntheHilinaPaliRoad.TheninecampsitesatKulanaokuaikihavepicnictablesandtentpads,andareavailableonafirste,firstservedbasis.ThereisNOWATERatthislocation.Checkouttimeis11:00a.m.Firesareprohibited.Fees:$10.00anightpersite;staylimitofsevenconsecutivedays.$6.00anightpersiteforcamperswhoholdtheInteragencySenior(GoldenAge)andGoldenAccesspasses.Feesmaybepaidatthecampground’sselfregistrationstation.PetsarenotallowedinthecampgroundoranywhereonHilinaPaliRoad.Nighttimetemperaturerange:40sto60sF.Daytimetemperaturerange:60sto80sF.Wesuggestthatyouuseatentwithagoodrainflyandbringwarmclothingforcooldaysandevenings.Reservationsarerequired.1．HowisNāmakanipaioCampgrounddifferentfromKulanaokuaikiCampground?A．Itoffersnowater. B．Itallowsfireinthebarbequepits.C．Itprovidesanuptosevendaystay. D．Ithasanarrowerrangeoftemperature.2．HowmuchshouldyoupayifyoustayatKulanaokuaikiCampgroundforfivenightswithGoldenAccesspasses?A．$80. B．$75. C．$50. D．$30.3．Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Aguidebooktoavolcano. B．Abrochureaboutcampsites.C．AsurveyonHawaiiantourism. D．Auser’sreviewofcampgrounds.【答案】1．B2．D3．B【导语】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了夏威夷火山公园的两个免下车露营地。1．细节理解题。根据Nämakanipaio中“Campfiresarepermittedinthebarbequepitsonly.(营火只允许在烧烤坑内被生起)”及Kulanaokuaiki中“Firesareprohibited.(禁止生火)”可知，Nāmakanipaio营地区别于Kulanaokuaiki的不同之处是Nāmakanipaio允许坑内生火，而Kulanaokuaiki不允许生火。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据Kulanaokuaiki下面Fees中“$6.00anightpersiteforcamperswhoholdtheInteragencySenior(GoldenAge)andGoldenAccesspasses.(持有跨机构高级（黄金时代）和黄金通道通行证的露营人员每晚6美元)”可知，如果您持黄金通道通行证在Kulanokuaiki露营地住五晚，需要支付6乘以5一共三十美元。故选D。3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“TherearetwodriveincampgroundsinHawaiiVolcanoesNationalPark,NāmakanipaioandKulanaokuaiki.(夏威夷火山国家公园有两个免下车露营地，Nāmakanipaio和kulanokuaiki)”可知，本文介绍了夏威夷火山国家公园的两个免下车露营地，说明了露营要求及费用等信息，因此，本文最有可能来自一本关于露营地的小册子。故选B。B（2024·湖北省高中名校联盟）Orangechicken,sweetandsourpork,friedrice…MaxBurnslistsseveraltypicalWesternstyleofChinesedishesthatdisappointhim.Fora21yearoldnativeBritishyoungmanwhospenthisfirstthirteenyearsinChina,thosecuisinesarefarfromauthentic,butratheracategorywhichisinventedtocatertoWesternpreferences.WhatalsoupsetsBurnsisthattheviewofChinesefoodhasbeensubsequentlyskewed（扭曲）.QuiteafewWesternersrecognizethatparticulartypeoffareasthewholeofChinesecuisine.“TheyalmosthavenoclueabouttheextentofChinesecuisine,abouthowitvariesbecausepeopleforgethowbigChinais.Itisacountrythathasdesertsfromoneside,junglesandseafromtheotherside.Eachareahasitsuniquestyleofcooking.”hesays.BurnstriestoshowcasetherichnessofdeliciousChinesedishesbyvlogging（拍摄并上传）aboutmakingChinesedishesathome.“Foodisprobablythemostaccessiblewayforeveryonetolearnanalienculture.”hesays.Sometimes,hisBritishfriendswouldjointohelp.“Andquiteoften,theywereshockedbythediversityofChinesecuisine.They’vehadalongtimetofigureoutthatChinesefoodisjustalotmoreplex.”ThefoodadventurehashelpedBurnsgrowintoaninfluencerwithmorethanthreemillionofsubscribersworldwidetoday.“So,IcandefinitelysaythatI’vechangedsomepeople’sideasaboutChinesefood.”Interestingly,whenBurnsfirststartedvloggingin2016directlyaftermovingbacktoBrighton,EnglandfromBeijing,copyingChinesefoodathomewasathen“stupididea”,asheputsit,becausehewasneversuperintocooking.Atthetime,thevideoscenteredmoreonexplainingaspectsofChineseculture,includingmovies,snacks,restaurantsandmore.Lookingahead,Burnshassomeplansinmind.“IwouldlovetodoatravelfoodshowthroughoutChinaonTV.Also,Iwouldlovetohavemy.ownrestaurantinthefuture.That’sdefinitelygoingtohappen.”4.WhendidMaxBurnsreturntoBrighton,Englandaccordingtothetext?A.Aged13. B.Aged14. C.Aged16. D.Aged21.5.HowdoesMaxBurnschangepeople’swrongattitudetotheChinesecuisines?A.TreatthemtoChinesedishes. B.WritereportsonChinesecuisines.C.CookChinesedishesfortheminperson. D.DisplayauthenticChinesecuisineson.6.Whatisparagraph5ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Burns’sambitions. B.Burns’sachievements.C.Burns’sadventures. D.Burns’ssubscribers.7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.InfluencerDevelopsaTasteforChineseCuisine.B.InfluencerHasDoneWhatHeCnntoChange.C.ChineseCuisinesHavetoCatertoWesterners.D.ChineseCuisinesHaveBeenAroundtheWorld.【B篇大意】本文为记叙文。主题为“人与社会”。本文讲述一些中国菜肴为了迎合西方人的喜好变得远非正宗，一个在中国生活了13年的21岁英国年轻人伯恩斯对此颇感沮丧，于是他通过视频（拍摄并上传）展示在家里做中国菜的丰富美味，迅速改变了一些人对中国菜肴的误解。武汉乐学教育4.B【解析】细节理解题。由第一段第二句Fora21yearoldnativeBritishyoungmanwhospenthisfirstthirteenyearsinChina…和第六段第一句Interestingly,whenBurnsfirststartedvloggingin2016directlyaftermovingbacktoBrighton,EnglandfromBeijing…可知答案为B.Aged14.5.D【解析】推理判断题。由第四段第一句BurnstriestoshowcasetherichnessofdeliciousChinesedishesbyvlogging（拍摄并上传）aboutmakingChinesedishesathome以及第五段内容可推知答案为D.DisplayauthenticChinesecuisinesonline.6.B【解析】大意总结题。由第五段，尤其是第五段最后一句“So,IcandefinitelysaythatI’vechangedsomepeople’sideasaboutChinesefood.”可知答案为B.Burns’sachievements。7.A【解析】标题归纳题。一个在中国生活了13年的21岁英国年轻人伯恩斯通过视频（拍摄并上传）展示在家里做中国菜的丰富美味迅速走红，并由此快速改变了一些人对中国菜肴的误解。故答案为A.InfluencerDevelopsaTasteforChineseCuisine.“网红提升了（众人）对中国菜肴的鉴赏力”。干扰项为B.InfluencerHasDoneWhatHeCantoChange.“为了改变，网红做了他能做的一切”，这个句子作为标题扩大了外延，“为了改变”，改变什么？它丝毫没有提到文中的关键词“中国菜肴”。C（2024·山西省省际名校联考）Humansspendapproximatelyonethirdoftheirlivessleeping,whichmeansthatbythetimeyoureach15yearsold,youwillhavesleptforabout5years!However,thequestionremains:whydowedoit?Sleephaslongbeenapuzzleforpeople,leadingscientiststoexploreitsmysteries.Theyhavefoundthatduringsleep,ourbrainsandbodiesdonotsimplyshutdown;instead,plexprocessesunfold.Whatcausessleepiness?It’scausedbyourbiologicalclockreleasingaspecialchemicalsignalatthesametimedaily,signalingit’’stimetowinddown.Thefeelingofheavinessesfromthebuildupofoldnervemessengerchemicals.Whenthemessagegetstoomuch,thebrainsensesthatit’stimetosleep.Duringsleep,thebodybreaksdownandclearsawaytheseoldmessengers,preparingforafreshstart.Asyouslipintosleep,yourheartandbreathingslowdown,andyourbrainignoresthemostsoundsandsurroundingsaroundyou.Despiteappearances,yourbrainremainsactiveduringsleep,performingessentialtasks.Throughoutthenight,youcyclethroughlight,deep,andREM(rapideyemovement)sleepstagesevery90minutes.Earlyon,slowwavesleepistheprimarystage,aidinginbraincleaning,whiletowardsmorning,REMsleepincreases,leadingtovividdreams.Duringsleep,yourbodyrepairsandgrows,creatingnewskin,muscle,andothertissueswithreleasedchemicals.It’salsoatimeforhormone(荷尔蒙)production,aidinggrowth,andboostingtheimmune(免疫)systemtofightinfections.Scientistsstillhavemanyquestionsaboutsleep,suchaswhysomepeopleneedmoresleepthanothersandhowcertainanimalscanfunctionwithlesssleep.Theyaimtofindwaystoimprovesleepquality.However,onethingisclear:gettingenoughsleepisvitalforhealthandintelligence.Thinkofsleepasafreemagicpotionthatstrengthensyou,aidsgrowth,boostsimmunity,andenhancesintelligence,happiness,andcreativity.Simplyliedownandresttoenjoythesebenefits.8.Whatinferencecanbedrawnfromscientists’findingsaboutsleep?A.Sleepservesnopurpose. B.Sleephasfundamentalprocesses.C.Sleepinvolvesplexprocesses. D.Sleephasminimalimpactonbrainfunction.9.Whatistheprimaryfunctionofthebody’s“biologicalclock“?A.Determiningthebesttimeforsleep.B.Controllingchemicalswithinthebody.C.Managingeatinganddigestionpatterns.D.Regulatingdaytimeandnighttimeactivities.10.Whatisthemainfocusofthethirdparagraph?A.Describingthedifferentstagesandfunctionsofsleep.B.Discussingthebenefitsofdaytimeactivitiesforoverallhealth.C.Exploringtheeffectsofinadequatesleeponthebodyandmind.D.Analyzingtheimpactofstressontheimmunesystemduringsleep.11.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthestructureofthepassage?A.Narrativeofpersonalsleepexperiences.B.parisonofhumanandanimalsleeppatterns.C.Imaginarystoriesillustratingtheadvantagesofsleep.D.Explanationofsleepimportance,withbodyprocessesdescribed.【答案】8.C9.A10.A11.D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了睡眠的重要性并对睡眠过程进行了描述。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Theyhavefoundthatduringsleep,ourbrainsandbodiesdonotsimplyshutdown;instead,plexprocessesunfold.(他们发现，在睡眠期间，我们的大脑和身体并不是简单地停止工作；相反，复杂的过程展开了)”可推知，从科学家关于睡眠的发现中可以得出睡眠涉及复杂的过程。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It’scausedbyourbiologicalclockreleasingaspecialchemicalsignalatthesametimedaily,signalingit’stimetowinddown.Thefeelingofheavinessesfromthebuildupofoldnervemessengerchemicals.Whenthemessagegetstoomuch,thebrainsensesthatit’stimetosleep.(它是由我们的生物钟每天在同一时间释放一种特殊的化学信号引起的，表明是时候放松了。这种沉重的感觉来自于旧的神经信使化学物质的积累。当信息太多时，大脑就会觉得是时候睡觉了)”可知，生物钟的主要功能是确定最佳睡眠时间。故选A。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Asyouslipintosleep,yourheartandbreathingslowdown,andyourbrainignoresthemostsoundsandsurroundingsaroundyou.Despiteappearances,yourbrainremainsactiveduringsleep,performingessentialtasks.Throughoutthenight,youcyclethroughlight,deep,andREM(rapideyemovement)sleepstagesevery90minutes.Earlyon,slowwavesleepistheprimarystage,aidinginbraincleaning,whiletowardsmorning,REMsleepincreases,leadingtovividdreams.Duringsleep,yourbodyrepairsandgrows,creatingnewskin,muscle,andothertissueswithreleasedchemicals.It’salsoatimeforhormone(荷尔蒙)production,aidinggrowth,andboostingtheimmune(免疫)systemtofightinfections.(当你进入睡眠时，你的心脏和呼吸都会减慢，你的大脑会忽略你周围的大多数声音和环境。尽管表面上看，你的大脑在睡眠时仍然保持活跃，执行重要的任务。整个晚上，你每90分钟就会经历浅睡眠、深度睡眠和快速眼动睡眠阶段。早期，慢波睡眠是初级阶段，有助于大脑清洁，而到了早晨，快速眼动睡眠增加，导致生动的梦。在睡眠期间，你的身体修复和生长，产生新的皮肤、肌肉和其他组织，释放出化学物质。这也是荷尔蒙分泌、促进生长、增强免疫系统对抗感染的时候)”可知，第三段主要描述了睡眠的不同阶段和功能。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“However,thequestionremains:whydowedoit?(然而，问题仍然存在：我们为什么要这样做？)”和文章第二段“Whatcausessleepiness?(什么引起了睡眠？)”可推知，文章解释了睡眠的重要性并对睡眠过程进行了描述。故选D。D（2024·新局中创新联盟TOP二十名校）Scoreanotheroneforartificialintelligence(AI).Inarecentstudy,151humanparticipantspetedagainstChatGPT4inthreetestsdesignedtomeasuredivergent（发散的）thinking,whichisconsideredtobeanindicatorofcreativethought.InthestudypublishedinScientificReportsandauthoredbyPh.D.studentsKentF.HubertandKimN.AwafromtheUniversityofArkansas,GPT4providedmoreoriginalanddetailedanswersthanthehumanparticipants.ThethreetestsemployedweretheAlternativeUseTask,whichasksparticipantstoeupwithcreativeusesforeverydayobjectslikearopeorafork;theConsequencesTask,whichinvitesparticipantstoimaginepossibleoutesofhypothetical（假设的）situations,like"Whatifhumansnolongerneededsleep?";andtheDivergentAssociationsTask,whichasksparticipantstogenerate10nounsthatareassemantically（语义地）distantaspossible.Answerswereevaluatedintermsofthenumberofresponses,lengthofresponseandsemanticdifferencebetweenwords.Ultimately,theresearchersfoundthatoverall,GPT4wasmoreoriginalanddetailedthanhumansoneachofthedivergentthinkingtasks.Inotherwords,GPT4demonstratedhighercreativepotentialintasksrequiringdivergentthinking.Thisfindingdoesewithsomewarnings.Theresearchersstate,"Itisimportanttonotethatthemeasuresusedinthisstudyareallmeasuresofcreativepotential,buttheinvolvementincreativeactivitiesorachievementsisanotheraspectofmeasuringaperson'screativity."Thepurposeofthestudywastoexaminehumanlevelcreativepotential,notnecessarilypeoplewhomayhaveestablishedcreativecertifications.Whetherthetestsareperfectmeasuresofhumancreativepotentialisnotreallythepoint.Thepointisthatlargelanguagemodelsarerapidlyprogressingandoutperforminghumansinwaystheyhavenotbefore.Whethertheyareathreattoreplacehumancreativityremainstobeseen.Fornow,theresearcherscontinuetosee"Movingforward,futurepossibilitiesofAIactingasatoolofinspirationandanaidinaperson'screativeprocessarepromising".12.Whatcanbelearnedaboutcreativethought?A.Itisrelatedtodivergentthinking. B.ItisbadlyneededinChatGPT4.C.Itisgeneratedthroughstandardizedtests. D.Itissomethingonlyhumanshave.13.WhichofthefollowingisanAlternativeUseTask?A.Whatareallthethingsyoucanthinkofthatareblue?B.Listallthewordsyoucanassociatewiththeterm"water".C.Nameasmanyusesforashoeotherthanwearingitonyourfoot.D.Whatwouldhappenifallthetreesintheworldsuddenlydisappeared?14.Whydidtheresearchersconductthestudy?A.Topromotethedevelopmentoflanguages.B.Toassessthecreativepotentialofhumans.C.Topresentcreativecertificationstoitsparticipants.D.Tounderstandthemachinelevelcreativepotential.15.Whatistheresearchers'attitudetowardsAIhelpingpeopleincreativeprocess?A.Uncaring. B.Unclear. C.Optimistic. D.Doubtful.【答案】12.A细节理解题。根据第一段“Inarecentstudy...tomeasuredivergent（发散的）thinking,whichisconsideredtobeanindicatorofcreativethought.”可知，创造性思维与发散性思维相关。13.C推理判断题。根据第三段“ThethreetestsemployedweretheAlternativeUseTask,whichasksparticipantstoeupwithcreativeusesforeverydayobjectslikearopeorafork;”可推断，“说出鞋子除了可以穿在脚上，还有哪些其他的用途”属于该类任务。14.B细节理解题。根据第五段“Thepurposeofthestudywastoexaminehumanlevelcreativepotential,notnecessarilypeoplewhomayhaveestablishedcreativecertifications.”可知，研究的目的是评估人类的创造潜力。15.C观点态度题。根据最后一段“Fornow,theresearcherscontinuetosee'Movingforward,futurepossibilitiesofAIactingasatoolofinspirationandanaidinaperson'screativeprocessarepromising'.”可推断，研究者对于人工智能在创造的过程中帮助人类持“乐观的”态度。二、七选五（2024·河南省三门峡部分名校）SickAbsenceEmailtoProfessorStudentsoftenhavetomisstheirclassesduetomanyreasons.____16____Ifyouwanttowriteaperfectemailtoyourprofessor,makesurethatyoudon’tmissoutonreadingthefollowingtips.Don’twritetoolongemail.Youremailshouldnotincludelengthydetailsregardingyourillness.Beforeyouwritethisletter,assumethattheprofessordoesn’thavemuchtimetoreadlongemails.____17____Youshouldlearntheartofwritingasmallemailandconveyingthewholemessage.Ifyoucannotdothis,gethelpfromasampleemail.____18____Whenyouknowthatgivingtoomuchexplanationcanmakeyourprofessorfeelthatyouaretryingtoescapefromthesituation,don’tdothat.Simplystatethereasonforbeingabsentandmoveon.Admityourmistake.Evenifyouhaveagenuinereasonfornotattendingthelecture,youshouldbeapologeticfornotshowingup.____19____Giveevidence.Itisawellknownfactthatwheneveryouwanttouseyoursicknessasareason,youwillberequiredtoprovideamedicalcertificate.____20____Sampleemail:To:…Subject:Sickabsenceemailfor...Respectedsir/madam.ThisemailisbeingwrittentoyoutoletyouknowthatIwasunabletoattendclassesduetoillness.Myabsenceperiodwasofoneweekstartingfrom5thOct.2023to12Oct.2023.Withwarmregards,SignaturesA.Don’tgiveexcuses.B.Sendyouremailinadvance.C.Don’tforgettoattachamedicalcertificatewiththeemail.D.Inadditiontoit,theemailshouldnotonlybeshortbutalsoplete.E.Makeyourprofessorfeelthatyouareregretfulandthatyouneverwanttodothat.F.So,theyshouldmunicatewiththeirprofessortoinformhim/heraboutthereason.G.Thisemailisalsoamunicatingmodethatquicklysendsthemessageofthestudent.【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.E20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲了写病假条的几个小建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Studentsoftenhavetomisstheirclassesduetomanyreasons.(由于许多原因，学生经常不得不缺课)”以及后文“Ifyouwanttowriteaperfectemailtoyourprofessor,makesurethatyoudon’tmissoutonreadingthefollowingtips.(如果你想给你的教授写一封完美的电子邮件，确保你没有错过下面的建议)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出请假的问题。故F选项“因此，他们应该与教授沟通，告诉他/她原因”符合语境，故选F。【17题详解】根据上文“Beforeyouwritethisletter,assumethattheprofessordoesn’thavemuchtimetoreadlongemails.(在你写这封信之前，假设教授没有太多时间阅读冗长的电子邮件)”以及后文“Youshouldlearntheartofwritingasmallemailandconveyingthewholemessage.(你应该学习写一封简短的电子邮件并传达整个信息的艺术)”可知，上文提到教授没有时间阅读冗长的电子邮件，可知电子邮件应该简短。故D选项“除此之外，电子邮件不仅要简短而且要完整”符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】根据后文“Whenyouknowthatgivingtoomuchexplanationcanmakeyourprofessorfeelthatyouaretryingtoescapefromthesituation,don’tdothat.Simplystatethereasonforbeingabsentandmoveon.(当你知道做太多的解释会让教授觉得你在试图逃避这种情况时，不要这样做。简单地说明缺席的原因，然后继续前进)”可知，本段讲的是不要让你的教授觉得你在试图逃避问题，故A选项“不要找借口”符合语境，故选A。【19题详解】根据上文“Admityourmistake.Evenifyouhaveagenuinereasonfornotattendingthelecture,youshouldbeapologeticfornotshowingup.(承认你的错误。即使你有真正的理由不参加讲座，你也应该为没有出席而道歉)”可知，本句主要说明为自己的缺席而道歉。故E选项“让你的教授觉得你很后悔，你从来不想那样做”符合语境，故选E。【20题详解】根据上文“Giveevidence.Itisawellknownfactthatwheneveryouwanttouseyoursicknessasareason,youwillberequiredtoprovideamedicalcertificate.(提供证据。众所周知，当你想以生病为理由时，你将被要求提供一份医疗证明)”可知，本句主要嘱咐不要忘记在邮件里附上医疗证明。故C选项“别忘了在邮件里附上医疗证明”符合语境，故选C。三、完形填空（2024·河南省商丘市部分名校）In2012,LauraEshelmanmanwasinthemiddleofamentalunsettlement.Shewashaving____21____infindingwork.“IwasleavingadowntownbusinesswhereIhadanotherjobapplication____22____.Iwasfeelingpretty____23____anddecidedtogototheWholeFoodsacrossthestreet,”Eshelmanrecalled.Asshecrossedthestreet,Eshelman____24____amanaskingformoneyonthecorner.Buthewas____25____bypassersby.AsEshelman____26____,heturnedtoher,andaskedifhecouldhavealittlebitofmoney.Shewas____27____andsaid:“Leavemealone.Idon’thaveanythingtogiveyou.Getaway!”Eshelman____28____intothegrocerystore.Butsuddenlysherealizedhow____29____shehadbeentotheman.Eshelmanrushedoutsidetofindhim.Sheapologizedand____30____somecoinsfromthebottomofher____31____.Asshe____32____himthechange,themansaid,“It’sOK.Everything____33____willdisappear.”Andallofasudden,shefeltlikesomebodywasseeingher____34____,andshestartedtocry.“Thatmomentonthestreetwasoneofthefew____35____inthatextremelydarkperiodofmylife,”Eshelmanlatersaid.21.A.fun B.trouble C.experience D.luck22.A.rejected B.submitted C.displayed D.followed23.A.relaxed B.awkward C.nervous D.depressed24.A.remembered B.guided C.spotted D.forted25.A.ignored B.touched C.rewarded D.cheated26.A.hesitated B.waited C.escaped D.approached27.A.active B.impatient C.anxious D.desperate28.A.slid B.struggled C.got D.looked29.A.helpful B.rude C.strict D.particular30.A.setaside B.putaway C.dugout D.usedup31.A.heart B.pocket C.store D.drawer32.A.handed B.lent C.returned D.awarded33.A.dangerous B.normal C.unpractical D.unpleasant34.A.pain B.choice C.effort D.privilege35.A.instants B.chances C.differences D.flashes【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.A26.D27.B28.C29.B30.C31.B32.A33.D34.A35.D【导语】本文是记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了LauraEshelman在经历了一段精神困扰和求职困难后，在街头偶遇一个乞讨者并与其发生互动，最终从对方的话中得到慰藉的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她找工作遇到了困难。A.fun乐趣；B.trouble麻烦；C.experience经验；D.luck好运。根据前文“In2012,LauraEshelmanmanwasinthemiddleofamentalunsettlement.”可知，Laura精神不安，所以应是找工作遇到了困难。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正要离开一家市中心的公司，在那里我又被拒绝了一份工作。A.rejected拒绝；B.submitted提交；C.displayed显示；D.followed跟随。根据前文“Shewashaving1infindingwork.”可知，Laura找工作遇到了困难，所以是工作申请被拒绝了。故选A项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到非常沮丧，于是决定去街对面的全食超市。A.relaxed轻松的；B.awkward令人尴尬的；C.nervous紧张的；D.depressed沮丧的。根据前文“IwasleavingadowntownbusinesswhereIhadanotherjobapplication2.”可知，作者又一次被拒绝了工作申请，所以是感到沮丧的。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她穿过街道时，Eshelman看到一个男人在街角要钱。A.remembered记得；B.guided指导；C.spotted看见；D.forted安慰。根据后文“amanaskingtormoneyonthecorner”结合选项可知，应是看到一个男人在街角要钱。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但没有路人理睬他。A.ignored忽视；B.touched感动；C.rewarded奖励；D.cheated作弊。根据前文“amanaskingtormoneyonthecorner”以及but表转折可知，应是没人理他，符合语境。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Eshelman走近她时，他转向她，轻声问她能不能给他一点钱。A.hesitated犹豫；B.waited等待；C.escaped逃跑；D.approached接近。根据后文“heturnedtoher,andaskedifhecouldhavealittlebitofmoney”可知，应是Eshelman走近她时，他向Eshelman乞讨。故选D项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不耐烦地说：“别烦我。我没有东西给你。走开！”A.active积极的；B.impatient不耐烦的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.desperate不惜冒险的。根据后文“Leavemealone.Idon’thaveanythingtogiveyou.Getaway!”可知，Eshelman是不耐烦的。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Eshelman走进杂货店。A.slid滑行；B.struggled努力；C.got进入；D.looked看。根据后文“Eshelmanrushedoutsidetofindhim.”可知，Eshelman冲了出来，所以此处应是走进杂货店。故选C项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她突然意识到自己对那个男人是多么粗鲁。A.helpful有帮助的；B.rude粗鲁的；C.strict严格的；D.particular特别的。根据前文“Leavemealone.Idon’thaveanythingtogiveyou.Getaway!”可知，Eshelman对男人的很粗鲁。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。她道了歉，然后从口袋底部掏出一些硬币。A.setaside放在一边；B.putaway收起；C.dugout翻出；D.usedup耗尽。根据后文“somecoins”结合选项可知，应是从口袋里掏出一些硬币。故选C项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.heart心脏；B.pocket口袋；C.store商店；D.drawer抽屉。根据前文“Sheapologizedand10somecoins”结合实际可知，应是从口袋里掏出一些硬币。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她把零钱递给他时，那人说：“没关系。一切不愉快的事情都会消失。”A.handed递；B.lent借给；C.returned返回；D.awarded授予。根据上文“Sheapologizedand10somecoinsfromthebottomofher11.”可知，Eshelman掏出一些硬币应是给这个男人，表达歉意。故选A项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她把零钱递给他时，那人说：“没关系。一切不愉快的事情都会消失。”A.dangerous危险的；B.normal正常的；C.unpractical不切实际的；D.unpleasant不愉快的。根据前文内容可知，Eshelman找工作不顺利，日子过得不愉快，然后当这个男人向她乞讨时，她态度粗鲁，也会让这个男人不愉快，所以此处应是表达“一切不愉快的事情都会消失”之意。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然间，她觉得有人看到了她的痛苦，于是她哭了起来。A.pain痛苦；B.choice选择；C.effort努力；D.privilege特权。根据前文“It’sOK.Everything13willdisappear.”可知，男人说一切不愉快的事情都会消失，这句活说到了Eshelman的痛处，她因为找工作的事，过得不愉快，感觉有人看到了她的痛苦。故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“在街上的那一刻是我生命中极其黑暗的时期中为数不多的闪光之一，”Eshelman后来说。A.instants瞬间；B.chances机会；C.differences不同；D.flashes光芒。根据前文“shefeltlikesomebodywasseeingher14,andshestartedtocry.”以及后文“inthatextremelydarkperiodofmylife”可知，有人理解了她的痛苦，应是她生命中极其黑暗的时期中为数不多的闪光之一。故选D项。语法填空（2024·河北省邢台市邢台市名校联盟）阅读短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chineseancientarchitectureisatreasureofculturalheritage,reflectingChina’srichhistoryanduniqueculturalidentity.Withahistory____36____(date)backthousandsofyears,ithasevolvedanddiversifiedtobeeoneofthemostdistinctivestylesintheworld.Chineseancientarchitectureischaracterizedbyitsuseofnaturalmaterialssuchaswood,brick,andstone,inconjunctionwithfancycarvingsanddecorativedetails.Bridges,tombs,temples,andtowersaresomeofthekey____37____(feature)ofChineseancientarchitecture____38____havestoodthetestoftime.OneofthemosticonicexamplesofChineseancientarchitectureistheForbiddenCityinBeijing.ConstructionoftheForbiddenCitybeganin1406andtookoveradecade____39____(plete).Itserved____40____theroyalpalaceoftheMingandQingdynastiesandisnowapopulartouristattraction.TheForbiddenCityisknownfortheharmonyofitsdesign.InsouthernChina,thericeterraces(梯田)are____41____uniqueexampleofChineseancientarchitecture.____42____(carve)outofthemountainsovercenturies,theseterracesprovideaplexsystemforirrigationandcultivation.ThericeterracesarenotonlyacrucialpartofChineseagriculturalhistorybutalsoamasterpieceofengineeringandgeometry.Chineseancientarchitecturehashadaprofoundinfluenceonthe____43____(globe)architecture,andmanyelementsanddesigns____44____(adopt)andadaptedindifferentpartsoftheworldeversince.Today,Chinesericharchitecturalheritagegains_____45_____(recognize)worldwide,beingareminderofChina’srichculturalhistory.【答案】36.dating37.features38.that/which39.toplete40.as41.a42.Carved43.global44.havebeenadopted45.recognition【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古建筑的历史和重要价值。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它的历史可以追溯到几千年前，它已经发展和多样化，成为世界上最独特的风格之一。此处date与history为主动关系，用现在分词作宾补。故填dating。【37题详解】考查名词的数。句意：桥、墓、庙和塔是中国古代建筑的一些重要特征，它们经受住了时间的考验。feature为可数名词，根据上文someof可知为复数。故填features。【38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：桥、墓、庙和塔是中国古代建筑的一些重要特征，它们经受住了时间的考验。定语从句修饰先行词Bridges,tombs,temples,andtowers，在从句作主语，指物。故填that/which。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：紫禁城始建于1406年，历时十多年才建成。短语take+一段时间+todo表示“花费时间……”。故填toplete。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：它曾是明清两朝的皇宫，现在是一个受欢迎的旅游景点。短语serveas表示“作为”。故填as。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：在中国南方，梯田是中国古代建筑的独特范例。此处example为泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经过几个世纪的雕刻，这些梯田为灌溉和种植提供了一个复杂的系统。此处carve与terraces构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Carved。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：中国古代建筑对全球建筑产生了深远的影响，许多元素和设计被世界各地采用和改编。修饰名词architecture应用形容词global，作定语。故填global。【44题详解】考查时态语态。句意：中国古代建筑对全球建筑产生了深远的影响，许多元素和设计被世界各地采用和改编。主语manyelementsanddesigns与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文eversince可知为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用have。故填havebeenadopted。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：今天，中国丰富的建筑遗产得到了全世界的认可，成为中国丰富文化历史的一个提醒。作动词的宾语，用名词recognition，不可数。故填recognition。五、应用文写作46．（2024·三湘名校教育联盟）假定你是李华，是学校英语社(EnglishAssociation)的社长，开学之初，英语社准备招募新社员，请写一则通知。内容包括：1.社团招新的要求；2.报名时间和地点。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。参考词汇：applicationform申请表Notice________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________