2025届高考英语词汇复习知识清单

2025届高考英语词汇复习知识清单

一、单词详解

1.bargain['ba:g9n]

（1）词性：名词（noun）

（2）中文释义：协议，交易，便宜货

（3）例句：

Theyfinallyreachedabargainafterhoursofnegotiation.（经过数＜1、

时的谈判，他们终于达成了协议。）

Igotarealbargainonthisdress-itwas50%off!（这件衣服我真是

捡到便宜了，打了五折！）

（4）同义词：deal,agreement,pact

（5）反义词：rip-off（敲竹杠）

（6）搭配：

strikeabargain（达成协议）

driveahardbargain（拼命压价）

agoodbargain（便宜货）

（7）拓展词组：

bargainingchip（谈判筹码）：Heusedtheinformationasa

bargainingchipinthenegotiations.

bargainfor/onsomething（预料至U,指望）：Wehadn'tbargainedon

suchalongwait.

bargainbasement（廉价商品部）：Ifoundagreatwintercoatinthe

bargainbasement.

(8)易错点拨:bargain指的是双方都同意的协议，而并非单

方面的低价。

(9)与其他近似单词的中文意思的辨析：

bargain,deal:都可以表示“交易”，但bargain更强调物超所值，

而deal则更为中性。

bargain,sale:bargain指的是一件商品的价格很便宜,而sale指

的是商店的降价促销活动。

(10)帮助串记的例句：

Thecustomerhaggledwiththevendortogetabetterbargain.(顾

客与摊贩讨价还价，想买到更便宜的东西。)

Hemadeabargainwiththedeviltogainwealthandpower.(他与魔

鬼做交易，以获得财富和权力。)

2.base[bes]

(1)词性：名词(noun),动词(verb)

(2)中文释义：

(名词)底部，基础，基地，根据

(动词)以…为基础

(3)例句：

Thestatuehasawidebase.(这座雕像的底座很宽。)

ThecompanyhasitsbaseinNewYork.(这家公司的总部设在纽

约。)

Themovieisbasedonatruestory.（这部电影是根据真实故事改编

的。)

(4)同义词：foundation,bottom,basis,headquarters

(5)反义词：top,summit

(6)搭配：

atthebaseof(在...的底部)

militarybase(军事基地)

database(数据库)

baseon(以…为基础)

(7)拓展词组：

basecamp(大本营)：Theclimberssetuptheirbasecampatthe

footofthemountain.

offbase(不正确的)：Yourassumptionsaboutthesituationareway

offbase.

(8)易错点拨：

base作名词时，发音为/beb/,重音在第一个音节。

base作动词时，发音为/be/,重音在第二个音节。

(9)与其他近似单词的中文意思的辨析：base,basis:base指的

是具体的底部或基础，而basis则指抽象的基础或根据。

(10)帮助串记的例句：

Astrongfoundationisessentialforanysuccessfulendeavor,much

likeasturdybaseiscrucialforatallbuilding.(坚实的基础对于任何成功

的事业都是至关重要的，就像坚固的底座对于高层建筑至关重要一

样。)

3.basement['besmsnt]

(1)词性：名词(noun)

(2)中文释义：地下室

(3)例句：

Westoreouroldfurnitureinthebasement.(我们把旧家具存放在

地下室。)

Theyfinishedtheirbasementandturneditintoafamilyroom.(他

们装修了地下室，把它变成了家庭活动室。)

(4)同义词:cellar

(5)搭配：

inthebasement(在地下室)

basementapartment(地下室公寓)

basementfloor(地下室楼层)

(6)拓展词组:

fromthebasementtothepenthouse(从底层至U顶层)：Hismusic

appealedtoeveryone,fromthebasementtothepenthouse.

basementband(在地下室排练的乐队)：Thebasementband

practicedeveryweekend,hopingtoonedaymakeitbig.

(7)易错点拨：basement通常指整个房屋的地下室，而cellar

通常指用于储藏物品的地下室。

(8)帮助串记的例句:Thechildrenwereafraidtogointothedark

anddustybasement.(孩子们不敢进入黑暗、满是灰尘的地下室。)

4.basic['besk]

(1)词性：形容词(adjective)

(2)中文释义：基本的，基础的，简单的

(3)例句：

Heonlyhasabasicunderstandingofthesubject.(他对这个科目只

有一点基本的了解。)

Therecipeisverybasicandeasytofollow.(这个食谱非常简单易

懂。)

(4)同义词：fundamental,elementary,simple

(5)反义词：advanced,complex,complicated

(6)搭配：

basicskills(基本技能)

basicinformation(基本信息)

basicneeds(基本需求)

(7)拓展词组：

backtobasics(回归基础)：Sometimes,thebestsolutionistogo

backtobasics.

basictraining(基础训I练)：Allnewrecruitshavetogothroughsix

weeksofbasictraining.

(8)易错点拨：basic形容词，通常放在所修饰的名词前面。

(9)帮助串记的例句：Weneedtoaddressthebasicneedsofthe

poorandthehungry.(我们需要解决穷人和饥饿者的基本需求。)

5.basin['besn]

(1)词性：名词(noun)

(2)中文释义：盆，脸盆，盆地

(3)例句：

Ifilledthebasinwithwarmwaterandwashedmyface.(我在盆里

装满温水，洗了把脸。)

TheAmazonbasinishometotheworld'slargestrainforest.(亚马逊

盆地是世界上最大的热带雨林的所在地。)

(4)同义词:bowl,sink(洗涤槽)，valley

(5)搭配：

washbasin(洗脸盆)

catchmentbasin(集水盆地)

riverbasin(河流流域)

(6)拓展词组:

oceanbasin(海洋盆地)：ThePacificOceanbasinisthelargestand

deepestoftheEarth'soceanicbasins.

(8)易错点拨:

basin作“脸盆”讲时，通常指比较大的，可以用来洗脸、洗衣

服的盆。

basin作“盆地”讲时，指的是四周地势较高，中间低洼的地理

形态。

（9）与其他近似单词的中文意思的辨析：basin,bowl:basin通

常指比bowl更大、更深的容器。

（10）帮助串记的例句：Thewaterinthebasinwascrystalclear,

reflectingtheblueskyabove.（盆里的水清澈见底，倒映着蔚蓝的天

空。）

6.basket['ba：skt]

（1）词性：名词（noun）

（2）中文释义：篮，篓

（3）例句：

Sheputhershoppinginthebasket.（她把购物的东西放进了篮子

里。）

Thechildrenwereplayingwithaballandabasket.（孩子们在玩球

和篮子。）

（4）搭配：

picnicbasket（野餐篮）

laundrybasket（洗衣篮）

wastebasket（废纸篓）

（5）拓展词组：

abasketcase（精神崩溃的人；无法独立的事物）：Afterthe

accident,hewasacompletebasketcase.

fullofholes（漏洞百出）：Hisalibiwasfullofholes.

（6）易错点拨：basket通常指由藤条、柳条等编织而成的容器。

（7）帮助串记的例句:Shefilledthebasketwithfreshfruitfrom

thegarden.（她从花园里摘来新鲜水果，装满了篮子。）

7.bath[ba:9,bae9]

（1）词性：名词（noun）

（2）中文释义：浴，洗澡

（3）例句：

Itakeabatheveryeveningbeforebed.（我每天晚上睡觉前都洗个

澡。）

Hegavethedogabathinthebackyard.（他在后院给狗洗了个澡。）

（4）搭配：

takeabath（洗澡）

haveabath（洗澡）

runabath（放洗澡水）

bubblebath（泡泡浴）

（5）拓展词组:bathtub（浴缸）

（6）易错点拨：bath作名词时，可以指“洗澡”这个动作，也

可以指“浴缸”。

（7）与其他近似单词的中文意思的辨析：bath,bathe:bath多指

在浴缸里洗澡，而bathe可以指在浴缸、河里、海里等地方洗澡。

（8）帮助串记的例句:Afteralongdayatwork,ahotbathisthe

perfectwaytorelax.（在辛苦工作了一天后，洗个热水澡是放松身心的

最佳方式。)

8.bathe[be5]

(1)词性:动词(verb)

(2)中文释义：洗澡，浸

(3)例句：

Hebathedinthewarmsunlight.(他在温暖的阳光下沐浴。)

Shebathedthewoundwithdisinfectant.(她用消毒齐清洗伤口。)

(4)搭配：

bathein(沉浸在)

sunbathe(日光浴)

(5)易错点拨：bathe既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动

I司O

(6)与其他近似单词的中文意思的辨析：bathe,bath:见bath

的辨析。

(7)帮助串记的例句：Wespenttheafternoonbathinginthecool,

refreshingwaterofthelake.(我们整个下午都在清凉爽口的湖水中游

泳。)

9.battle['baetl]

(1)词性：名词(noun),动词(verb)

(2)中文释义：

(名词)战役

(动词)战斗，斗争

(3)例句：

Hefoughtbravelyinthebattle.(他在战斗中英勇作战。)

Thetwoarmiesmetinafiercebattle.(两军展开激战。)

She'sbattlingcancerwithcourageanddetermination.(她以勇气和

决心与癌症作斗争。)

(4)同义词：fight,combat,struggle

(5)反义词：peace,truce

(6)搭配：

afiercebattle(激烈的战斗)

win/loseabattle(赢得/输掉战斗)

fightalosingbattle(打一场必败的仗)

(7)拓展词组：battlefield(战场):Thebattlefieldwaslitteredwith

thebodiesoffallensoldiers.

(8)易错点拨：battle既可以指实际的战争，也可以指比喻义

的斗争。

(9)与其他近似单词的中文意思的辨析：battle,war:battle指

的是战争中的单个战斗，而war则指的是整个战争。

(10)帮助串记的例句:Thebattleforcivilrightswaslongand

difficult,butultimatelysuccessful.(争取公民权利的斗争漫长而艰难,

但最终取得了胜利。)

10.bay[be|

(1)词性：名词(noun)

(2)中文释义：湾，海湾

(3)例句：

Wesailedintotheshelteredbay.(我们驶入了避风的港湾。)

Thecityislocatedonabeautifulbay.(这座城市坐落在一个美丽的

海湾。)

(5)搭配：

HudsonBay(哈德逊湾)

SanFranciscoBay(旧金山湾)

baywindow(飘窗)

(6)拓展词组：keep/holdatbay(阻止…靠近):Shemanagedto

keepherfearatbaylongenoughtofinishherpresentation.

(7)易错点拨：bay通常比gulf小。

(8)与其他近似单词的中文意思的辨析：bay,gulf:bay指的是

比gulf小的海湾。gulf指的是比bay大的海湾。

(9)帮助串记的例句：Westoodontheclifftop,gazingoutatthe

breathtakingviewofthebaybelow.俄们站在悬崖顶上，俯瞰着下面海

湾的壮丽景色。)

11.beach[bi:tj]

(1)词性：名词(noun)

(2)中文释义：海滩，沙滩

(3)例句：

Wespentthedayswimmingandsunbathingonthebeach.(我们整

天在沙滩上游泳和晒日光浴。）

Thechildrenwerebuildingsandcastlesonthebeach.（孩子们在沙

滩上堆沙堡。）

（4）搭配：

sandybeach（沙滩）

pebblebeach（鹅卵石滩）

gotothebeach（去海边）

（5）拓展词组：beachfront（海滨）：Westayedatabeautifulhotel

rightonthebeachfront.

（6）易错点拨：beach通常指覆盖着沙子或砾石的海滨地带。

（7）与其他近似单词的中文意思的辨析：

beach,coast,shore:

beach特指覆盖着沙子或砾石的海滨地带。

coast指的是陆地与海洋的交界处，可以是沙滩、悬崖等多种地

形。

shore指的是水边的陆地，可以是海边、湖边、河边等。

（8）帮助串记的例句:Thewavescrashedgentlyontheshore,

creatingasoothingrhythm.（海浪轻轻地拍打着海岸，形成了一种舒缓

的节奏。）

12.beast[bi:st]

（1）词性：名词（noun）

（2）中文释义：野兽

（3）例句：

Afiercebeastemergedfromtheforest.（一只凶猛的野兽从森林里

钻了出来。）

Thelionisthekingofbeasts.（狮子是万兽之王。）

（4）同义词：animal,creature,monster

（5）搭配：

wildbeast（野生动物）

beastofburden（驮兽）

（6）拓展词组：beastly（糟糕的，令人不快的）：Whatbeastly

weather!

（7）易错点拨：beast通常指体型较大、性情凶猛的动物。

（8）帮助串记的例句：Inthedepthsofthejungle,mythicalbeasts

roamedfreely.（在丛林深处，神话中的野兽自由游荡。）

13.beat[bi:t]

（1）词性：动词（verb）,名词（noun）

（2）中文释义：

（动词）打败，敲打，搅拌

（名词）节拍

（3）例句：

Ourteambeattheirsbyascoreof3to1.（我们队以3比1的比分击

败了他们队。）

Therainwasbeatingagainstthewindow.（雨点敲打着窗户。）

Shebeattheeggsuntiltheywerelightandfluffy.（她把鸡蛋打发到

颜色变浅、蓬松为止。)

Icouldhearthebeatofmyownheart.(我能听到自己的心跳。)

(4)同义词：defeat,hit,strike,rhythm

(5)反义词：lose

(6)搭配：

beatsomeoneatagame(在比赛中打败某人)

beatadrum(敲鼓)

(7)拓展词组：beataroundthebush(拐弯抹角)：Stopbeating

aroundthebushandtellmewhatyoureallythink.

(8)易错点拨：beat的过去式和过去分词都是beat。

(9)与其他近似单词的中文意思的辨析：

beat,win:

beat强调战胜对手，而win则强调取得胜利。

beat后面可以直接跟人或队伍，而win后面通常要接比赛、奖

品等。

(10)帮助串记的例句：Theboxerbeathisopponenttoapulp.(拳

击手把对手打得鼻青脸肿。)

14.beauty['bju:ti]

(1)词性：名词(noun)

(2)中文释义：美丽，美人

(3)例句：

Thebeautyofthesunsetwasbreathtaking.(日落的美丽令人叹为

观止。)

Sheisawomanofgreatbeautyandcharm.(她是——位美丽迷人的

女性。)

(4)同义词：attractiveness,prettiness,handsomeness,loveliness

(5)反义词：ugliness

(6)搭配：

naturalbeauty(自然美)

beautyqueen(选美皇后)

beautysalon(美容院)

(7)拓展词组：beautyisonlyskindeep(美貌是肤浅的)：

Remember,beautyisonlyskindeep-it'swhat'sinsidethatcounts.

(8)易错点拨：beauty是不可数名词，表示抽象的“美丽”。

(9)与其他近似单词的中文意思的辨析：

beauty,beautiful:

beauty是名词，而beautiful是形容词。

(10)帮助串记的例句:Truebeautyliesnotinphysicalappearance,

butinthekindnessofone'sheart.(真正的美丽不在于外表,而在于内

心的善良。)

15.bedclothes['bedklsoSz]

(1)词性：名词(noun)

(2)中文释义：(pl.)被褥

(3)例句：Shechangedthebedclothesandputonfreshsheets.(她

换了床单，铺上了干净的床单。)

(4)同义词:bedding,linens

(5)搭配：

changethebedclothes(换床单)

airthebedclothes(晾晒被褥)

(6)易错点拨：bedclothes是复数名词，永远用复数形式。

(7)帮助串记的例句：AsIslippedbetweenthewarmbedclothes,

Icouldfeelallthestressofthedaymeltaway.(当我钻进温暖的被褥里

时，我能感觉到一天的压力都消失了。)

16.beer[be]

(1)词性：名词(noun)

(2)中文释义：啤酒

(3)例句：

Heorderedabeerwithhismeal.(他点餐时要了一杯啤酒。)

Theywenttothepubforafewbeersafterwork.(他们下班后去酒

吧喝了几杯啤酒。)

(4)搭配：

apintofbeer(一品脱啤酒)

draftbeer(扎啤)

bottledbeer(瓶装啤酒)

(5)拓展词组：beerbelly(啤酒肚)：Hehaddevelopedabitofa

beerbellyafteryearsofenjoyingafewpintseverynight.

(6)易错点拨：beer是不可数名词，表示“啤酒”这种饮料。

(7)帮助串记的例句：Onahotsummerday,there'snothingquite

likeacold,refreshingbeer.(在炎热的夏天，没有什么比一杯冰镇啤酒

更爽口了。)

17.beg[beg]

(1)词性:动词(verb)

(2)中文释义：乞求，恳求

(3)例句：

Thechildrenbeggedtheirparentstoletthemstayuplate.(孩子们

恳求父母让他们晚点睡觉。)

Hebeggedforforgiveness.(他请求原谅。)

(4)搭配：

begforsomething(乞求某物)

begsomeonetodosomething(恳求某人做某事)

(5)拓展词组：

Ibegyourpardon.(对不起，请再说一遍；我不同意你的说法)

beggar(乞丐)：Thebeggarheldouthishand,askingforspare

change.

(6)易错点拨:beg后面可以跟动词不定式，表示恳求某人做

某事。

(7)帮助串记的例句：Thelostpuppylookedupatmewith

pleadingeyes,beggingmetotakehimhome.（那只迷路的小狗用恳求

的眼神看着我，求我带他回家。）

（五）阅读

Passage1

ThequaintseasidetownofBayviewhadlongbeenahavenfor

artistsandpoets,drawntoitsbreathtakingbayandruggedcoastline.

Thesaltytangoftheoceanbreezemixedwiththescentofpineneedles

fromtheforestthatformedthetown'snaturalbase,creatingan

intoxicatingaromathatawakenedcreativity.

Emma,astrugglingartist,hadrentedasmallbasementapartment

overlookingthebeach,hopingthetown'smagicwouldhelpher

overcomeastubbornboutofartisticblock.Hertinylivingspace,though

humble,heldacharmofitsown.Thewhitewashedwallsprovidedthe

perfectbackdropforhercolorfulcanvases,andthesingle,north-facing

windowbathedtheroominasoft,ethereallight,perfectforcapturing

thenuancesofcolorandshadow.

Onesunnyafternoon,Emmawanderedalongthebeach,thesand

hotbeneathherfeet.Agroupofchildrenplayedvolleyball,theirjoyful

shoutsechoingacrossthebay.Sheenviedtheircarefreespirit,astark

contrasttotheturmoilwithinher.Herrecentworks,shefelt,lackedthe

depthandemotionthathadpreviouslydefinedherart.Theyseemedflat,

lifeless,devoidofthebeautythatshesodesperatelywantedtoconvey.

Reachingasecludedcove,shenoticedanoldfishermanmending

hisnets.Helookedupandgreetedherwithawarmsmile.Intrigued,she

satdownbesidehim,drawntotheweatheredlinesonhisface,a

testamenttoalifelivedbattlingtheelementsandreapingtheocean's

bounty.Theytalkedforhours,notaboutartorbeauty,butaboutthesea,

itsmoods,itscreatures,anditsunforgivingnature.

Asthesundippedbelowthehorizon,paintingtheskyina

kaleidoscopeofcolors,Emmarosetoleave."Thankyou,"shewhispered,

asuddenunderstandingdawningonher.Shehadn'tfoundtheanswerto

herartisticstrugglesinherpaintsorherbrushes,butinthesimpleactof

observation,intrulyseeingtheworldaroundherandlisteningtothe

storiesithadtotell.

Hurryingbacktoherbasementapartment,shedugoutherold,

paint-splatteredbasketfilledwithbrushesandtubesofcolor.Theanswer,

sherealized,wasn'tinfindingtheperfectshadeofbluefortheskyorthe

idealstroketodepictthecrashingwaves.Itlayintheheartofthestories,

theemotions,andtherawbeautythatsurroundedher,waitingtobe

discovered.

l.WhatinitiallyattractedartistsandpoetstoBayview?

a)Thecheaprentinbasementapartments.

b)Thevibrantsocialsceneandnightlife.

c)Thebeautifulbayandruggedcoastline.

d)Theabundanceofartsuppliesavailable.

2.WhatwasthemainsourceofEmma'sfrustration?

a)Shecouldn'tfindenoughtimetopaint.

b)Shewasunhappywiththequalityofherrecentwork.

c)Herbasementapartmentwastoosmallanddark.

d)Shecouldn'taffordtobuytheartsuppliessheneeded.

3.WhatbestdescribesthefishermanEmmaencounteredonthe

beach?

a)RudeanddismissiveofEmma'spresence.

b)World-wearyandcynicalaboutlife.

c)Wiseandconnectedtothesea.

d)Youngandfullofenergy.

4.Whatwasthe"suddenunderstanding"thatdawnedonEmma?

a)Thatsheshouldgiveuppaintingandbecomeawriter.

b)Thatsheneededtomovetoabiggercityforinspiration.

c)Thattrueartisticinspirationcomesfromexperiencingand

observinglife.

d)Thattheoldfishermanwassecretlyafamousartist.

5.WhatcanweinferaboutEmma'sfutureasanartist?

a)Shewillcontinuetostruggleandeventuallygiveup.

b)Shewillfindrenewedpurposeandinspirationinherart.

c)Shewillbecomeafamouspainterspecializinginseascapes.

d)Shewillabandonherartandbecomeafisherman'sapprentice.

Passage2

Thebustlingmarketplacebuzzedwithactivity,acacophonyofsights,

smells,andsounds.Vendorshawkedtheirwares,theirvoiceshoarse

fromcallingoutbargainstoattractcustomers.Vibrantlycoloredfabrics

cascadedfromstalls,temptingpassersbywithintricatedesigns.The

aromaofspiceshungheavyintheair,aheadymixofcinnamon,cumin,

andcardamomthattickledthesenses.

Ayoungboy,nomorethantenyearsold,navigatedthecrowded

aisles,hissmallframeweavingthroughthethrongofpeople.He

clutchedabasketfilledwithfreshvegetables,hismother'sinstructions

echoinginhisears:"Getthebestdeal,Alfie,everypennycounts."

Heapproachedastallpiledhighwithplumptomatoes,theirred

skinsgleamingintheafternoonsun.Thevendor,astoutwomanwitha

boominglaugh,quotedhimaprice,herwordsbarelyaudibleabovethe

din.

"That'stoomuch,"Alfiecountered,musteringthebravadoofa

seasonedhaggler.Hepointedtoasmallblemishononeofthetomatoes,

barelynoticeable."Thesearenotthebestquality."

Thevendorraisedaneyebrow,aplayfulsmilespreadingacrossher

face.Thiswasagametheybothknewhowtoplay.Thebarterbegan,a

livelybackandforthofwittycommentsanddramaticsighs,eachtrying

tooutdotheother.Finally,aftermuchbanter,theystruckadeal,both

partiessatisfiedwiththeoutcome.

AsAlfiewalkedaway,hisbasketalittlelighterandhiscoinpursea

littleheavier,hecouldn'thelpbutfeelasenseofpride.Hehadlearned

wellfromhismother,masteringthedelicateartofthebargain.Itwasn't

justaboutsavingmoney;itwasaboutrespect,wit,andunderstanding

thetruevalueofthings.

Suddenly,hebumpedintoabeggar,histatteredclothesand

pleadingeyesastarkcontrasttotheabundanceofthemarketplace.

ShamewashedoverAlfie.Hereachedintohisbasket,carefullyselecting

thelargest,juiciesttomato,andpresseditintothebeggar'soutstretched

hand.

"Godblessyou,son,"thebeggarwhispered,hisvoicethickwith

emotion.Alfiecontinuedonhisway,anewfoundwisdomsettlinginhis

heart.Heunderstoodthattruegenerositywasn'tmeasuredincoinsor

bargainsbutinactsofkindness,freelygiven.

l.Whatistheoverallatmosphereofthemarketplacedescribedin

thepassage?

a)Quietandpeaceful.

b)Chaoticandoverwhelming.

c)Livelyandenergetic.

d)Dangerousandintimidating.

2.WhydoesAlfiebargainwiththevendorforthetomatoes?

a)Heenjoysarguingwithadults.

b)Heistryingtoimpresstheothershoppers.

c)Hewantstopracticehisnegotiationskills.

d)Heneedstogetthebestpricehecanforhismother.

3.WhatcanbeinferredabouttherelationshipbetweenAlfieand

thevendor?

a)Theyareenemieswhodislikeeachother.

b)Theyarestrangersengaginginacommonmarketpractice.

c)Theyarefamilymemberswithahistoryofdisagreements.

d)Theyareoldfriendswhoenjoyteasingeachother.

4.HowdoesAlfiedemonstratea"newfoundwisdom"attheendof

thepassage?

a)Bycountingthemoneyhesavedonthetomatoes.

b)Bybraggingtohisfriendsabouthisbargainingskills.

c)Bygivingatomatotothebeggaroutofgenuinecompassion.

d)Byresolvingtoneverbargainforgoodseveragain.

5.Whatisthecentralthemeormessageofthepassage?

a)Theimportanceofgettingthebestpriceoneverypurchase.

b)Theexcitementandchaosofabusymarket.

c)Thevalueofkindnessandgenerosityoutweighsmaterialgain.

d)Thedangersoftrustingstrangersinacrowdedmarketplace.

Passage3

TheancientcityofPetra,carveddirectlyintothesheerrockfaceof

aJordaniancanyon,hadalwaysheldamythicalallure.Legendsspokeof

losttreasureshiddenwithinitsdustytombsandwhisperedtalesof

forgottenempires.Forcenturies,itremainedawell-keptsecret,visited

onlybyBedouinnomadswhotraversedtheunforgivingdesert,their

camelsladenwithgoodsandspices.

Dr.EleanorVance,arenownedarchaeologistknownforher

meticulousresearchandadventurousspirit,haddedicatedherlifeto

uncoveringthesecretsofancientcivilizations.Petra,withitsenigmatic

beautyandhistoricalsignificance,hadbecomeherlife'sobsession.

Armedwithhertrustycompass,wornleather-boundjournal,andan

unquenchablethirstforknowledge,sheembarkedonanexpeditionto

unlockthemysteriesentombedwithinthesandstonecliffs.

Herteam,amotleycrewofseasonedexcavatorsandenthusiastic

students,hadsetuptheirbasecampatthemouthoftheSiq,anarrow

gorgethatservedasthegatewaytothehiddencity.Theairbuzzedwith

anticipationastheycarefullybrushedawaycenturiesofsandanddebris,

eachartifactunearthedatestamenttoagloriouspast.

Weeksbledintomonths,theirdaysspentmeticulously

documentingeachdiscovery:intricatemosaicsdepictingscenesofdaily

life,potteryshardsbearingremnantsofancientscripts,andeventhe

skeletalremainsofthosewhohadoncecalledthismagicalplacehome.

Onescorchingafternoon,whileexploringaparticularlyremote

sectionoftheruins,Dr.Vancestumbleduponacuriousanomaly.Asingle,

weatheredbasin,half-buriedinthesand,seemedoddlyoutofplace

amidstthegrandeurofthesurroundingtombs.Brushingawaythedust,

shefeltasurgeofexcitementcoursethroughherveins.Carvedonits

basewasaninscriptioninalanguageshehadonlyglimpsedinancient

texts-thelanguageofthelostNabataeankingdom.

Thisdiscovery,sheknew,wasmorethanjustanotherartifact.Itwas

akey,aRosettaStonethatcouldpotentiallyunlockadeeper

understandingoftheNabataeancultureandtheiringeniousmasteryof

waterengineering,whichhadallowedthemtothriveintheariddesert.

Asthesunbeganitsslowdescent,castinglongshadowsacrossthe

sandstonecliffs,Dr.VanceknewherworkinPetrawasfarfromover.This

wasjustthebeginning.

l.WhatisthemainreasonDr.VancechosetostudyPetra?

a)Todiscoverhiddentreasuresandbecomewealthy.

b)Towriteatravelogueaboutheradventuresforamagazine.

c)TolearnmoreaboutthelostNabataeancivilizationandtheir

culture.

d)ToprovehercolleagueswrongabouttheexistenceofPetra.

2.WhatcanbeinferredaboutDr.Vance'spersonalitybasedonthe

passage?

a)Sheisrecklessandimpulsiveinherarchaeologicalpursuits.

b)Sheismeticulous,dedicated,andpassionateabouthistory.

c)Sheisgreedyandmotivatedbypersonalgain.

d)Sheiseasilydiscouragedandgivesupeasily.

3.Whatdoesthediscoveryofthebasinwiththeinscription

representforDr.Vance?

a)Afinancialrewardforherhardwork.

b)Achancetobecomefamousinherfield.

c)AsignificantbreakthroughinunderstandingNabataeanhistory.

d)Areasontoabandonherresearchandreturnhome.

4.Whatdoesthephrase"thiswasjustthebeginning"attheendof

thepassagesuggest?

a)Dr.Vancewillsoonreturnhomeaftermakingherdiscovery.

b)ThemysteriesofPetrahavebeencompletelysolved.

c)TherearelikelymorediscoveriestobemadeinPetra.

d)Dr.Vancewillgiveuparchaeologytobecomealinguist.

5.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthor'sdescriptionofthe"Siq"and

thesurroundingdesertenvironment?

a)Tocreateasenseofdangerandadventureinthepassage.

b)Toprovidearealisticsettingandhighlightthechallenging

conditions.

c)TocontrastwiththecomfortandluxuryofDr.Vance'sbasecamp,

d)Todiscouragefuturearchaeologicalexpeditionstotheregion.

Passage4

Theflickeringgaslightcastlong,eerieshadowsacrossthecobbled

streetsofLondon,itsorangeglowstrugglingtopenetratethedensefog

thatclungtothecitylikeashroud.Thestenchofcoalsmokeanddamp

earthfilledtheair,minglingwiththemoreunpleasantodorsemanating

fromthemurkyThames.

Inthedimlylitbackroomofthe"BlindBeggar"pub,agroupofmen

huddledaroundatable,theirfacesilluminatedbyasingle,guttering

candle.Thesewerenotyourtypicalpubpatronsseekingsolaceinale

andboisterouscompany.Thisclandestinegathering,veiledinsecrecy,

whisperedaboutmattersofgraveimportance.

"Heisbecomingaliability,"growledamanwithathickhandlebar

mustache,hisvoicebarelyawhisper."Thecoppersaregettingtooclose.

Wordonthestreetistheysuspecthisinvolvementintherecentbank

job."

"Hetalkstoomuch,that'shistrouble,"addedanother,hisface

hiddenintheshadows."Toofondofhisbeerandbraggingabouthis

exploits.Aloosecannon,Itellyou!"

Theirtarget:Jack“TheShadow"Hawkins,notoriousthiefand

mastersafecracker.Hawkins,despitehismanytalentsfordeception,

possessedafatalflaw-anegolargerthanBuckinghamPalaceanda

weaknessforafrothypintofale.

Aplanbegantoform,shroudedinwhispersandshadowedglances.

TheywoulduseHawkins'ownvanityagainsthim.Lurehimwitha

fabricatedtaleofapricelessrubynecklace,rumoredtobehiddenina

manorhouseoutsidethecity.Theyknewhisgreedandhisconfidencein

hisownabilitieswouldmakehimaneasymark.

Butlittledidtheyknow,JackHawkins,amasterofdisguiseand

deception,hadhisearpressedagainstthethin,woodenpartition,

overhearingeveryword.Aslysmileplayeduponhislipsasheslipped

outofthepub,disappearingintothefog-chokednight.Hehadlearneda

valuablelessonthatnight:Trustnoone,especiallythosewhoclaimto

haveyourbestinterestsatheart.Thehunter,itseemed,wasaboutto

becomethehunted.

l.Whatisthemainpurposeofthedetaileddescriptionofthe

settingintheopeningparagraph?

a)Toestablishasenseofplaceandtimeforthestory.

b)Toforeshadowanimpendingnaturaldisaster.

c)ToemphasizethepovertyandsqualorofVictorianLondon.

d)Toprovideinformationaboutthelocalgeography.

2.WhatisthemaincriticismthatthemeninthepubhaveofJack

Hawkins?

a)Heisbecominggreedyanddemandingmoremoney.

b)Heisnolongerskilledatcrackingsafes.

c)Heisrecklessandattractingunwantedattention.

d)Hehasbecomeaddictedtoalcoholandunreliable.

3.HowdoesJackHawkinsreacttooverhear