应用翻译之新闻翻译-Journalism-translation

JournalismTranslationJournalismTranslationSignificanceofJournalismTranslation新闻翻译的意义CharacteristicsofJournalism新闻文体的特点TranslationtechniquesofJournalism新闻翻译技巧TranslationPractice翻译练习contents01020304第一章节Part1SignificanceFakenewsfromthewest（12.13：NationalMemorialDayfortheVictimsoftheNanjingMassacre）第二章节Part2CharacteristicsCharacteristicsofJournalismTypesCharacteristicsofJournalismTypes：CharacteristicsofJournalismTypes报纸新闻手机新闻电视新闻图片新闻简讯硬新闻软新闻CharacteristicsofJournalismDiscussion:Whatarethecharacteristicsofnewsreport?WhatarethesimilaritiesanddiversitiesbetweenChineseandEnglishNews?WhatisthefunctionofJournalism?结构StructureCharacteristicsofJournalism1.Headline标题2.Lead导语3.Body正文吸引读者注意新闻主要内容的浓缩新闻的主要部分一般特征GeneralCharateristicsCharacteristicsofJournalism1.Informative:real&accurate&objective2.Timeliness3.Varietyintheme4.Politicalstance语言特征标题HeadlineCharacteristicsofJournalism1.Omission省略冠词、连词and、be、系动词tobe、personalpronoun（人称代词）CharacteristicsofJournalism1.Omission省略World‘sheaviestcaptivepandacubborn全球最重的大熊猫宝宝诞生（省略the和was）Chinatohelpstabilizeglobalsupplychain专家：下半年中国将助力稳定全球供应链（省略is）PlantgrowthinChina’sspacelabingoodcondition中国空间站问天舱实验进展顺利植物生长状态良好（省略is）Analyze：标题HeadlineCharacteristicsofJournalism2.Tense时态一般现在时(simplepresenttense)、一般将来时(futuretense)、现在进行时(presentprogressive)标题HeadlineCharacteristicsofJournalism2.Tense时态Hainantobansalesoffuelcarsby2030海南2030年起全面禁售燃油汽车(将来时，省略is）Europefacingworstdroughtin500years欧盟机构：欧洲面临500年来最严重干旱（现在进行时，省略is）Mukbangmakesyoufatter研究：看吃播可能让人越来越胖（一般现在时，叙述事实）标题HeadlineCharacteristicsofJournalism3.Voice语态欢度国庆NationalDaycelebrated（NationalDayis/was

celebrated)历史不能忘记Historynotforgotten(Historycannotbeforgotten)Diseasesexacerbatedbyclimatechange上百种人类传染病因气候变化而恶化(Diseasesare

exacerbatedbyclimatechange)标题HeadlineCharacteristicsofJournalism4.Punctuation标点存贷款额在港回升Deposits,loansrisinginHK希望的一代——中国青年Chinayouth—apromisinggeneration白令海峡没有浮冰块流动Beringice：Nofloeflows中国贸促会：欧洲跨国公司持续看好中国市场NationavitalmarketforEurope'scompanies标题HeadlineCharacteristicsofJournalism5.HeadlinesinChinesenews时隔44年人类通过“嫦娥五号”再次带回月球样本实现首次商业载人航天飞行冰淇淋市场“冷”中有“热”炉灶煤气未关

三人中毒身亡太酷了吧！“DNA侦探”是做什么的？Discoveringourancestors5000年的河南，如何让传统文化火起来？HenangiveshistorymoderntwistDNA动了！中国空间站的水稻长势喜人Spacestationricetestsshowpromise标题Headline词汇DictionCharacteristicsofJournalism1.Concise&Accurate简明扼要

准确清晰Nowordiness&clichébrutalmurder—murderwalkhurriedly—hurriedlyfinaloutcome—outcomevisibletotheeye—visibletotallydestroyed—destroyedmoreperfect—perfectHethanksstockholdersforhavingassisteduswiththeirhelp.Wemustarriveatthestationontimeandbepunctual.词汇DictionCharacteristicsofJournalism1.Concise&Accurate简明扼要

准确清晰PopularLanguageabout-approximatelyshow-demonstratefear-apprehension词汇DictionCharacteristicsofJournalism1.Concise&Accurate简明扼要

准确清晰Accuracysympathy-condolence慰问extendssympathytoextenddeepcondolenceson慰问演出charityconcert/benefitperformance/charityperformanceCharacteristicsofJournalism2.Metonymy形象生动词汇DictionAndnoneoftheso-calledevidenceWashingtonandOttawa

cobbledtogetherhaseverheldanywater.在美国和加拿大拼凑的所谓证据中，没有一个是站得住脚的。中国将向南太平洋发射试验火箭PekingtofiretestrockettoSouthPacifictheWhiteHouse-美国政府thePentagon-美国国防部词汇DictionCharacteristicsofJournalism3.NewWords新词Metaverse双碳双减雪糕刺客窜访元宇宙carbonpeakingandcarbonneutralityDoublereductionicecreamassassins/ambushnastyvisit/junketDictionCharacteristicsofJournalism3.NewWords新词摆烂薅羊毛抢购割韭菜Taikonautletitrotgetthebestdealsnapupbepickedlikeleeksbeplayedforsuckers中国航天员DictionCharacteristicsofJournalism4.Abbreviation缩略语USgovttostoppayingforCOVID-19shots,treatments美国政府计划停止支付新冠疫苗和治疗费用ChinaadvancingDEPAnegotiations我国全面推进加入《数字经济伙伴关系协定》谈判2022CIFTISopenstopublicinBeijing2022年中国国际服务贸易交易会全球服务贸易峰会在京举行两学一做TwoStudies,OneAction两个一百年TheTwoCentenaryGoalsCharacteristicsofJournalism1.简单句&冗余信息句子SentenceCharacteristicsofJournalism2.直接间接引语句子SentenceCharacteristicsofJournalism1.瞬时叙述法Chronologicalaccount2.金字塔叙述法Pyramid3.倒金字塔叙述法Invertedpyramid结构Structure第三章节Part3TechniquesTranslationTechniquesHeadline准确理解标题领悟妙处适当照顾译文特点增强可读性释译灵活处理差异修辞再现直译/意译重视读者接受能力原则翻译方法标题HeadlineTranslationtechniquesofJournalism1.Literaltranslation直译/Freetranslation意译直译:Literaltranslation,ordirectedtranslation,istherenderingoftextfromonelanguagetoanother"word-for-word"withorwithoutconveyingthesenseoftheoriginal.既保持原文内容、又保持原文形式的翻译方法或翻译文字。意译：Afreetranslationisatranslationthatreproducesthegeneralmeaningoftheoriginaltext.

Itmayormaynotcloselyfollowtheformororganizationoftheoriginal.按它表达的意思来自由翻译，不必按字面逐字逐句翻译。标题HeadlineTranslationtechniquesofJournalism1.Literaltranslation直译/Freetranslation意译Chongqingwildfiresbroughtundercontrol重庆山林火灾得到控制AItosaveiconicspecies人工智能技术帮助拯救濒危动物America'sCareeningForeignPolicy摇摆不定的美国对外政策标题HeadlineTranslationtechniquesofJournalism1.Literaltranslation直译/Freetranslation意译LookingBackToLookAhead回首往昔展望未来OlympicsBeginInStyle;SwimmerTakes1stGold奥运会隆重开幕泳将夺首枚金牌BillClintonAssumesOfficeInWhiteHouseAsUsPresident.比尔·克林顿入主白宫，就任美国总统（克林顿入主白宫新总统始掌大权）标题Headline2.Annotation添加注释刘宓庆先生《文体与翻译》∶“即使是明白、易懂的新闻标题，我们在汉译时也常需加上逻辑主语，或电讯中有关的人的国籍、事件发生的地点等等，总之必须增补介绍性、注释性词语以利中国读者的理解，避免读者产生误会。“QincallsfordeepChina-UStiesinagriculturetechnology秦（刚）呼吁深化中美农业科技交流ForBeslan'sChildren,aLegacyofNightmares俄罗斯：劫后相逢，别城孩童仍似恶梦中TranslationtechniquesofJournalism标题Headline3.Reproductionoffiguresofspeech再现原文修辞AftertheBoomsEverythingIsGloom繁荣不再萧条即来SoccerKicksoffwithViolence足球开踢拳打脚踢NoFans?"NoFret!"赛场没人气“咱可没生气”TranslationtechniquesofJournalism

在翻译时应尽可能地体现原文修辞特点，如双关、比喻、押韵等，使译文和原文在修辞上基本吻合，从而让译文读者得到与原文读者近乎一样的感受。标题Headline4.灵活处理中英差异older,wiser,calmer

人愈老，智愈高，心愈平JapaneseDashtoUStoSay“IDo”

日本情侣蜂拥美利坚

牧师面前誓言“我愿意”

英语标题寓意于某种修辞手段，而这种修辞手段在语言转换中如与汉语难以契合，则不妨意译，即舍弃原来的英语标题，按内容概括出合适的译文标题，切忌生搬硬套，译成晦涩难懂的句子。同时适当照顾汉语新闻标题的特点，多用动词、尾韵、对仗等修辞手段。TranslationtechniquesofJournalism标题Headline押韵：DesperateNeed

DesperateDeed

燃眉之急非常行动典故：1990:YearOfMarcoPoloChic

1990年：中国热的一年夸张：AVowToZipHisLips

誓将守口如瓶双关：‘Silent’OfficeWorkersDemandToBeHeard

“不闻不问”的办公室员工今后将不再不闻不问了比喻：RussianReform：OldWineInNewBottle

俄罗斯改革：新瓶装陈酒TranslationtechniquesofJournalism标题Headline5.汉语标题英译教育改变未来生活Educationbringsbettertomorrow广交会闭幕

交易兴旺Guangzhoufaircloses,tradeblooms（1）完整句子TranslationtechniquesofJournalism标题Headline5.汉语标题英译她们飞上了蓝天Womenpilots(动→静）建设新北京BuildingnewBeijing（动名词短语）根据英语新闻的标题特点，在英译时省略适当的虚词和冗余信息。（2）各种词组短语TranslationtechniquesofJournalism标题Headline1.USUrgedtoAbidebyOne-ChinePolicy

2.Britain'sQueenElizabethIIdiesat963.WangtoattendQueenfuneral4.J.P.MorganAxesOver10,000inReshuffle（J.P.Morgan：J.P.摩根，世界著名金融公司axe：削减；reshuffle：重组）5.Researchersfindearliestsynthesizedcosmetics（synthesized：合成的）Practice：translatethefollowingheadlinesintoChineseTranslationtechniquesofJournalism标题Headline1.USUrgedtoAbidebyOne-ChinePolicy中国敦促美国遵守“一个中国”原则2.Britain'sQueenElizabethIIdiesat96英国女王伊丽莎白二世去世享年96岁

3.WangtoattendQueenfuneral王（岐山）将参加英女王伊丽莎白二世葬礼4.J.P.MorganAxesOver10,000inReshuffle摩根大通重组削减员工逾万5.Researchersfindearliestsynthesizedcosmetics我国发现世界上最早铅白化妆品Keys：TranslationtechniquesofJournalism标题Headline1.中国流行趋势：年轻人拒绝竞争，拥抱“躺平”2.加强科学管理3.网恋为什么流行？研究：看不见对方，更容易产生好感4.老有所养

老有所为Practice：translatethefollowingheadlinesintoEnglishTranslationtechniquesofJournalism标题Headline1.中国流行趋势：年轻人拒绝竞争，拥抱“躺平”TrendinginChina:YoungChineseRejectRatRace,Embrace‘LyingFlat’2.加强科学管理Improvingsciencemanagement3.网恋为什么流行？研究：看不见对方，更容易产生好感Whyit‘sreallypossibletofallinloveonline4.老有所养

老有所为Elderlygettingbetter,notolderKeys:TranslationtechniquesofJournalismTranslationTechniquesNewwords根据词性和上下文判断词义查词典或专业参考书求证原则翻译方法意译音译直译音义混译一词多义词汇Diction1.Literaltranslation直译E-Cmadcowdisease→疯牛病Internetbar→网吧informationtechnology（IT)→信息技术geneticengineering→基因工程genetherapy→基因疗法C-E可再生能源→renewableenergy二氧化碳排放→carbondioxideemissions全球气候治理体系→globalclimategovernancesystem雪糕刺客→icecreamassassinTranslationtechniquesofJournalism词汇Diction2.Freetranslation意译E-C人肉搜索→cybermanhunt白富美→fair-skinnedandattractiveladiesfromadecentfamilyE-Cdebtceiling→债务上限IronLady→“铁娘子“/女强人TranslationtechniquesofJournalism词汇Diction2.Freetranslation意译直译加注：atomicveteran

原子退伍兵（指受到核武器或核试验辐射的退伍兵greencard

绿卡（允许外国人进入美国工作的许可证）BigApple

大苹果（纽约的别称）TranslationtechniquesofJournalism词汇Diction3.音译TransliterationE-Cclone→克隆hacker→黑客talkshow→脱口秀Atranscriptionfromonealphabettoanother.根据读音进行翻译。C-E功夫

→kungfu太极→tai-ji/taichiTranslationtechniquesofJournalism词汇Diction4.音义结合ElNino厄尔尼诺现象Bunsen本生灯（一种煤气灯）BigBen大本钟

对于完全音译不能清楚地表达原词意义的新词，有时采用以音译为主兼顾意义的方法来进行翻译。TranslationtechniquesofJournalism词汇Diction5.一词多译E-mail：

电子函件/伊妹儿/电子邮件cellularphone：

蜂窝电话/移动电话/手提电话/手机TranslationtechniquesofJournalism词汇DictionPractice：TranslatethefollowingwordsorphrasesintoEnglish/Chinese.thedynamicislandTheBuckinghamPalacesky-highinflationgreenhousegasemissionsmidtermelectionTranslationtechniquesofJournalism风清气正的网络空间出舱活动“米袋子”、“菜篮子”内卷社死词汇DictionKeys：thedynamicisland灵动岛TheBuckinghamPalace白金汉宫sky-highinflation严重的通货膨胀greenhousegasemissions温室气体排放midtermelection中期选举TranslationtechniquesofJournalism风清气正的网络空间

acleananduprightcyberspace出舱活动extravehicularactivities(EVAs)“米袋子”、“菜篮子”ricebag;vegetablebasket(haveasecurefoodsupply)内卷involution/peerpressure/ratrace社死onosecond/socialsuicide导语Lead固定表述新华社北京1月1日电，今天《人民日报》发表了新年祝词，全文如下：Beijing,January1,(Xinhua)—ThefollowingisthefulltextofThePeople’sDaily’sNewYearMessaeg:记者从……发来报道说……Ourstaffreportedfrom...一位可靠人士areliablesourceTranslationtechniquesofJournalism正文Body1.地道表达

Unemploymenthasstubbornlyrefusedtocontractformorethanadecade.

失业人数居高不下，已持续十多个年头。CompanieswithabigstaffinBeijingfindthemselvessqueezedbetweenhighoperatingcostsandshrinkingbusiness.

在北京，员工队伍庞大的公司出现了运行成本高、业务量不断萎缩的局面，举步维艰。英文长句

→中文短句

TranslationtechniquesofJournalism正文Body1.地道表达

Theresearchfindthatyoungwomenareheadingforanearlygravethroughsmokingandlackofexercise.这项研究发现，青年妇女由于抽烟和缺少运动，将大大缩

短自己的寿命。ProfessorWangwasquotedassayingthathispropasalhaddiedabureaucraticdeath.据王教授说，由于一些部门的官僚主义，结果这份建议提上去后便石沉大海。意译(E-C)

TranslationtechniquesofJournalism正文Body1.地道表达

社论指出，领导干部要讲政治。Cadresshouldbepoliticallyminded/aware.复旦大学学生会要求全校学生在餐厅内文明用餐。TheStudents’UnionofFudanUniversitycalledonallthestudentstodineinthecanteeninlinewiththerulesandregulations.

意译(C-E)TranslationtechniquesofJournalism正文Body1.地道表达

TheheavycasualtiesfromheavyrainandstrongwindslashingthesouthcoastEnglandandWalesyesterdayincludefiveshoolgirlsand12men.昨天狂风暴雨肆虐英格兰南部沿海和威尔士地区，造成重大人员伤亡，其中包括五名女学生和十二名男子。AmixofarroganceandcontinuedfearofIraqiintentionscoloursKuwaitireactionstono-flyzones.一方面，科威特人傲慢自负；另一方面，他们始终对伊拉克的种种企图感到担忧。这种矛盾心态左右着科威特人对设置禁飞区问题的态度。变词为句TranslationtechniquesofJournalism正文Body1.地道表达

Whendivorcedfathersdonothavecustodyoftheirchildrenandhavelittletimetospendwiththem,disciplineisoftenthelastthingtheywanttothinkabout.离婚后又对孩子无监护权的父亲们，难得有时间与自己的孩子相处，管教孩子是他们最不愿意去想的事。Clearorcloudyskiesmaycontinueforthenextweekinthecity.本市下周将保持晴间多云的天气。地道表达TranslationtechniquesofJournalism正文BodyPractice:1.China'snationalobservatoryonSundaycontinuedtoissueayellowalertforhightemperaturesasanintenseheatwavelingersinmanyregionsofthecountry.TranslationtechniquesofJournalism正文BodyKeys:1.China'snationalobservatoryonSundaycontinuedtoissueayellowalertforhightemperaturesasanintenseheatwavelingersinmanyregionsofthecountry.我国多地高温热浪肆虐，中央气象台继续发布高温黄色预警。TranslationtechniquesofJournalism正文Body2.简化2008年7月26日的贵阳花溪迎宾馆内花团锦簇，彩旗飘扬，群贤毕至，满园生辉，来自东盟十国教育界代表与国内相关人士相聚一起，就高等教育领域合作事宜进行广泛交流。当日下午4时，在一派喜庆热烈氛围中，首届“中国——东盟教育交流周”开幕式隆重举行。中共中央政治局委员、国务委员刘延东发来贺信。ThefirstChina-ASEANEducationCooperationWeekopenedonJuly26,2008inGuiyang.RepresentativesfromChinaandthetenASEANcountriesexcha