2018年广州市中考英语试卷及答案

2018年广州市中考英语试卷及答案本试卷共四大题，12页，满分110分。考试时间120分钟。

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、考点考场号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。

2.选择题每小題选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结東，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、语法选择(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

XianXinghaiwasaveryfamousmusicianinChina.Hewroteoneofthegreatestpiecesofmusicofthe20thcentury.Inhisshortlifehewrote-1300songsandanopera.

XianwasbominPanyu,Guangdong,Chinain1905.Becausehisfatherdiedbeforehewas

born,Xianmovedfromplacetoplacewith-2mother.Hebeganlearningtoplay_3

violinwhenhewas20yearsold.Inthebeginning,hisviolinwascheapandbadlymadethathe_5

notplayitwell.Hisfriendslaughedathim.Xiandidnotstop6andsoonshowedhistalent.In1934,hewasoneofthefirstChinesestudents_7studiedinaspecialmusicschoolinParis.Beforehe8,Xianbecametheschoolsbeststudent9

wonseveralprizesforhistalents.

In1935,hereturnedtoChinaandhelpedfightagainsttheJapanesearmy.Later,hecametoYan’an10musicatacollege.11therewerenopianosinYan’anatthattime

Xianstillwrote12ofhismostimportantmusicthere,including

TheYellowRiver,hismostfamouswork.

InMay1940,Xian

13totheSovietUnionbytheChineseCommunistPartytowritemusicformovies.IntheSovietUnion,lifewasvery14.Xiangotsickandlaterdiedofalungillness15October30,1945,agedonly40.Xian’smusic,however,livesoninthepeople’shearts.

1.

A.nearB.nearlyC.nearbyD.nearer

2.A.heB.himC.hisD.he’s

3.A.aB.anC.theD.this

4.A.soB.suchC.veryD.much

5.A.needB.mayC.shouldD.could

6.A.practiceB.practicingC.topracticeD.practised

7.A.whatB.whichC.whomD.who

8.A.leaveB.leavesC.leftD.wasleaving

9.A.andB.butC.asD.or

10.A.teachB.taughtC.teachingD.toteach

11.A.IfB.AlthoughC.WhenD.Because

12.A.anyB.littleC.fewD.some

13.A.sentB.wassentC.hassent

D.wassending

14.A.hardB.harderC.hardestD.thehardest

15.A.atB.inC.onD.by

二、完形填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Beforegraduatingcollege,Jackiebegantolookforajob.Sheaimedatafamouscompany,butthe

16forsuchjobswasverystrong.ThecompanyJackiechoseplannedtoemployonlyoneperson,butmorethantwentypeopleappliedforthejob.17,Jackiewasoneofthethreepeopleinvitedforthefinalinterview.Theinterviewwasvery

18_.Theintervieweraskedjustafewquestionsanditwasalloverinlessthan10minutes.Thentheinterviewersaidtothem,'Allofyouareverygood.Pleasegohomeand

19

ourresponse.”

Threedayslater,Jackiereceivedamessagesayingshewouldnotbe20

thejob.Shefeltdeeplydisappointed.Thatevening.howevershereceivedanother21.Thistimeitsaidthatshegotthejob.

Jackielaterfoundoutthatthefirstmessagesenttoherphonewaspartoftheinterviewa

22toseeifshewassuitableforthejob.Allthethreepeoplereceivedthe_23

_text,butonlyJackie’sreply24

thecompanyOfthethree,onedidnotreply.Theothersaid“goodbye”andJackiesaid“thankyou”.ThisreplyshowedthatJackiewasa/an25person,sothecompanyofferedherthejob.

16.A.examB.

workC.competition

D.plan

17.A.ThankfullyB.UnluckilyC.HopefullyD.Immediately

18.A.longB.strict

C.interestingD.simple

19.A.pickup

B.waitforC.dealwith

D.thinkof

20.A.offeredB.returnedC.refusedD.shown

21.A.letterB.e-mailC.call

D.message

22.AguideB.conversationC.test

D.lesson

23.A.

sameB.other

C.second

D.whole

24.A.reachedB.satisfiedC.helpedD.surprised

25.A.brave

B.clever

C.polite

D.honest

三、阅读(共两节:满分45分)

第一节阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)

阅读下列短文，从26~45各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

（A）

Forhiseleventhbirthday,Linwasgivenagiftthatwouldshapehislife.OnthatdayhisfathertookhimtotheChildren’sActivityCentreandsaidhecouldchooseanycoursethatinterestedhim.

Therewasjustonerequirement:Linwouldhavetopromisetostudyitforatleastoneyear.

TothatpointLinhadhadmanyhobbies,butnonekepthisinterestformorethanaweekortwo.Hismumoncegavehimabagofstampstoencouragestampcollecting.Thathobbylastedaweek.ThenhisfathergothimsomepaintshopingthatLin’sartisticsidewouldshinethrough.

Thosepaintswerenowunderhisbed,stillunopened.ThistimeLin’sparentswouldlethimdecide.

Lin’seyesmoveddownthenoticeboardthatlistedallthecoursesonoffer.Hestoppedat'Photography'.Helikedtheideaoftakingbeautifulpicturesbutthenoticesaidthateachstudentneededtheirowncamera.AlthoughLin’sfamilyweren’tpoor,theyweren’tricheither,andacameracostalotofmoney.Hecontinuedlooking.

Thenextcourseto

catchhiseyewas'LanguageArt'.Hedidn’tevenknowwhatthatmeant.

Hisfatherexplainedthatittaughtpeoplehowtomakepublicspeeches.Lin,ashyboy,couldthinkofnothingworse.

Thenhesawit.'Cooking'soundedlikesomethinghe’dliketodo.Itwasinexpensiveandconvenient,itcouldbedonealoneanditwasalsocreative.

BasedonLin’shobbyhistory,hisdadhaddoubts,butheagreed.Muchtohisparents’surprise,Linkepthispromise.HestudiedcookingattheCentreeverySaturday,andpractisedathome,makingdeliciousmealsforhisfamily.Everyonelookedforwardtobirthdays,whentheycouldeathiscakes.Lingotgreatsatisfactionfromthepleasurehisfoodbroughttoothers.

Themonthsturnedtoyearsbuthishobbyneverchangedagain.

NowLinisanadultandrunsasuccessfulrestaurant.Whencustomerssaytheyenjoyhismeal,

hestillgetsthesamepleasurehedidasachild,andremembersthespecialgifthereceivedallthoseyearsago.

26.Whydidn’tLinchoosetostudyphotography?

A.Itwastooexpensive.

B.Hehadnointerestinit.

C.Hewasnotverycreative.

D.Itwasnotofferedthatterm.

27.Theunderlinedexpression'catchhiseye'inParagraph4means“”.

A.makehimexcited

B.causehimsurprise

C.gethisattention

D.helphimseeclearly

28.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLin’sinterestincooking?

A.Itonlylastedforashorttime.

B.Itseemedtomatchhischaracter.

C.Itwasforcedonhimbyhisparents.

D.Itdevelopedslowlyovermanymonths.

29.WhydidthefatherhavedoubtsaboutLin’schoiceofcooking?

A.Linwasn’tgoodatcooking.

B.Cookingwasn’tveryconvenient.

C.Hedidn’tthinkLinwouldcontinue.

D.Cookingwasn’tagoodhobbyforaboy.

30.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AStrictFather

B.AChangeableBoy

C.TheFunofCooking

D.TheBirthdayGift

（B）

Expertsbelievethattherearemorethan8millionrestaurantsintheworldtoday.Soitmightsurpriseyoutolearnthatrestaurants,asweknowthem,haveonlyexistedforafewcenturies.

Before1765,therewerenorestaurants.Thatis,therewerenoplacesthatprovidedtherestaurantexperience.Therewasnowhereinwhichawaiterbroughtyoufoodanddrinkthatyoupickedfromamenu.Infact,therewerenomenusanywhere.

Therewereeatingplacestravellerscouldgotocenturiesbeforethat.Thecountrysidewasfullofinnsthatwouldservefood.Andthereweretavernswhereonecouldgetdrinks.Therichcouldalsoeatspecialmealspreparedbyprivatecooks.Butnoneofthemcouldbecalleda“restaurant”.

AmancalledBoulangerchangedthat.In1765,heopenedaplaceinParisthatsoldsoups(汤).

Onhissignheusedtheword'restaurant'todescribewhathewasselling.Atthattime,soupswereconsideredsomethingthatcouldhelp'restore'(恢复)yourhealth-inFrenchtheword'restore'is“restaurer”

sohecalledthesoups'restaurants'.Soon,peoplestartedbuying

Boulanger’s

soupsevenwhentheywerenotill.Andovertime,peoplebegantousetheword'restaurant'torefertoaplacesellingsoupratherthanthesoupitself.More'restaurants'openedin

France,andpeoplebegantobuysoupsmoreoften.

Later,restaurantsinParisbegantoserveotherfoodbesidessoup.Inthe1790s,menusstartedtoappear.Bythemid-1800s,thereweremanytypesofrestaurantsthroughouttheworld.TheUnitedStatesofferedcoffeeshops.TeahousesbecamepopularthroughoutChina.Pariscreatedbeautifulrestaurantsfortherich.TheBritishbegantocopytheFrench,andtherestaurantideaspreadthroughouttheBritishEmpire.

Todaycitiesarefilledwithalltypesofrestaurants.Dinershavemillionsofoptionsfromwhichtochoose.

31.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Howrestaurantsdeveloped

B.Whatmadeagoodrestaurant.

C.Whocreatedthefirstrestaurant

D.Whyrestaurantsbecamepopular.

32.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatmaderestaurantsdifferentfromearliereatingplaces?

A.Restaurantsonlyservedfood

B.Restaurantsweremoreexpensive

C.Restaurantsweremainlyincities

D.Restaurantshadalistofmealchoices

33.WhodidBoulangerexpecttocomeandeatathisrestaurant?

A.Richpeople

B.Sickpeople.

C.Travellers.

D.Workers.

34.Whenitwasfirstused.whatdidtheword'restaurant'referto?

A.Aperson.

B.Aplace.

C.Illness.

D.Soup.

35.Whendidrestaurantsbegintogrowinternationally?

A.Inthe1600s.

B.Inthe1700s.

C.Inthe1800s.

D.Inthe1900s.

（C）

ManypeopleknowthatrubbishisabigproblemonplanetEarth.Whatmanypeopledon’tknowisthatjunk(垃圾)hasbecomeaprobleminouterspacetoo.

AccordingtoBBCNews,therearemorethan22,000piecesofspacejunkfloatingaroundtheearth.Andthesearejustthethingsthatwecanseefromthesurfaceoftheearthbytelescopes(望远镜).Therearealsomillionsofsmallerpiecesofjunkthatwecan’tsee.

Objects,likebitsofoldspacerocketsorsatellites,movearoundtheplanetatveryhighspeedsfastthatevenaverysmallpiececanbreakimportantsatellitesorbecomedangeroustoastronauts.Ifthetiniestpieceofjunkcrashedintoaspaceship,itcoulddamagethevehicle.

Tomakethingsworse,whentwoobjectsinspacecrash,theybreakintomanysmallerpieces.

Forexample,whenaU.S.satellitehitanoldRussianrocketin2009,itbrokeintomorethan2,000pieces,increasingtheamountofspacejunk.

Toreduceadditionalspacejunk,countrieshaveagreedthatallnewspacetoolscanonlystayinspacefor25yearsatmost.Eachtoolmustbebuilttofallsafelyintotheearth’satmosphereafterthattime.Intheupperpartsoftheatmosphere,itwillburnup.

Manyscientistsalsosuggestingdifferentwaystocleanupspacejunk.InEnglandscientistsaretestingametalnetthatcanbefiredintospacejunk.Thenetcatchesthejunkandthenpullsitintotheearth’satmospheretoburnup.TheGermansarebuildingrobotsthatcancollectpiecesofspacejunkandbringthembacktoEarthtobesafelydestroyed.

Theproblemisbecomingmorechallengingbecausewe’resendingmoreobjectsintospacetohelppeopleusetheirmobilephonesandcomputers,”saysMarcoCastronuovo,anItalianspace

Researcher.

“Thetimetoactisnow.Thelongerweleavetheproblem,thebiggeritwillbecome,”hesays.

36.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“these”inParagraph2referto?

A.Telescopes.

B.Satellites.

C.Piecesofspacejunk.

D.BBCnewsreports.

37.Whyisspacejunkconsideredaproblem?

A.Itbunsupafteritre-enterstheatmosphere

B.ItoftenstopstheviewoftelescopesonEarth

C.Itcouldforcenewspacetoolstotravelatslowerspeeds

D.Itmaycrashintootherspacetoolscausingdamageordeat

38.Countrieswantfuturespacetoolstobeabletofallbackintotheearth’satmospheresothat.

A.thetoolscanbereusedlater

B.thetoolsdon’tbecomespacejunk

C.theearth’satmospherecanstayclean

D.theeffectsofspaceflightcanbestudied

39.HowdotheGermansplantodealwithspacejunk?

A.Catchitwithnets.

B.Userobotstocollectit.

C.Burnitintheearth’satmosphere.

D.Senditfurtherawayfromtheearth.

40.Inwhichsectionofthenewspaperwouldyouprobablyreadthisarticle?

A.Environment.

B.LocalNews.

C.Education.

D.Fashion.

（D）

41.Howarethebooksonthiswebpagelisted?

A.Byprice.

B.Bypopularity.

C.Byreader’sage.

D.Bywriter’sname.

42.WhatistrueaboutthebookWomeninScience?

A.ItismainlyaboutMarieCurie’shistory.

B.Itlistsalltheimportantscientificachievements.

C.Itincludeswomenscientiststhataren’tfamous.

D.Itismostlyaboutthedevelopmentofmodemscience.

43.HowmuchwillaBestbooksBookClubmemberpayintotalifheorders

FirstBigBookofHowand

AReallyShortHistoryofNearlyEverythingtoday?

A.$34.

B.$30.

C.$26.

D.$24.

44.AprimaryschoolstudentwhoneedstowriteasciencereportaboutAfricanelephantsshouldchoose.

A.Womeninscience

B.FirstBigBookofHow

C.AReallyShortHistoryofNearlyEverything

D.NationalGeographic’sFirstBigBookoftheWorld

45.Whatisthemainpurposeofthiswebpage?

A.Tosellbookstoyoungreaders.

B.Toattractnewbookclubmembers.

C.Toencouragestudents’interestinscience.

D.Toreviewbooksyoungreadersmightlike.

第二节阅读填空(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)

阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入46~50各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

MostofusthinkthetelephonewasinventedbyAlexanderGrahamBell.46

fact,anItaliannamedAntonioMeucciwasofficiallyrecognised(认定)astheinventorafewyearsago.WhoisMeucciandwhywasn’theknownforhisinventionatthetime?

AntonioMeucciwasborninItalyin1808.Hestudiedengineeringanddrawing.Duringhisstudies,Meuccistartedtoexperimentwithelectricity.

47

Whentwoplaceswereconnectedwithwire,peopleinthoseplacescouldheareachothertalk.

In1850,Meucciandhiswife.Ester.movedtoNew

York.Meucciwasworriedabouthiswife,becauseshehadbecomeveryill.

48

Tosolvethisproblem,heconnectedmetalcablesbetweenhishomeandhisworkshop.Thisway,theycouldtalktoeachotherconveniently.

Meucciinvitedagroupofpeopletoseehisnewinvention.Theylistenedinamazementasthevoiceofasingerwasheardthroughthewires.

49Evenworse,Meuccineverappliedforapatent(专利)onhisinvention.Meanwhile,AlexanderGrahamBellwasworkingonthesameideaandin1876thepatentforthetelephonewasgiventohim.

In2002,morethanacenturyafterMeucci’sdeath,hisworkwasfinallyrecognisedbythegovernment.

50

A.Hediscoveredthatsoundcouldtravelthroughmetalcables.

B.However,hewasn’tthefirstpersontothinkoftheidea.

C.Unfortunately,onlyafewpeopleattendedthistalk.

D.Hewillnowbeknownallovertheworldasthetelephone’sinventor.

E.Heneededtokeepintouchwithheratalltimes.

四、写作(共三节;满分35分)

第一节单词拼写(共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分)

根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时,要求写出完整单词。(每空限填一词)

51.Pleaseopenthewandletsomefreshairin.

52.Thekindboywashappytoshisfoodwiththehungryman.

53.Tokeephealthy,youshoulddosportsandhaveabalancedd.

54.Ncrosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightisred.

55.Byreading30minutesaday,youcanlearnmorewordsandiyourwriting.

56.Thestudentsareveryh.

Theycleanhousesfortheoldpeopleeveryweekend.

第二节完成句子(共7小题;每小题2分,满分14分)

根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。(每空限填一词)

57.你沿丝绸之路旅游过吗?

everalongtheSilkRoad?

58.参观广州博物馆对我们很有教育意义。

veryeducationalforusGuangzhouMuseum.

59.明天的大雨可能会阻碍我们外出。

Theheavyrainmayusfromouttomorrow.

60.广州的公园每年都种很多树。

Every

year