2024届陕西省高三年级下册教学质量检测（二）英语试题及答案

高三年级质量检测

英语

考生注意：

1.本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。

2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。

中

於第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转

涂到答题卡上。

鼠第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

蒯项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下

一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

瞅1.Whatarethespeakersdoingnow?

教A.Admiringaview.B.Discussingapainting.C.Doingabreathexercise.

2.Wherearethespeakersmostprobably?

A.Ontheplane.B.Inarestaurant.C.Intheclassroom.

-E3.Whatdoesthemanthinko£thewoman?

A.Shelookssopretty.B.Sheisalittlelazy.C.Sheistoonervous.

然4.Whatdoesthemanintendtodo?

A.Startanewjob.B.Builduphisvocabulary.C.Finishapracticebook.

葡5.InwhichcountryisitOKtoshowuplate?

A.Italy.B.Switzerland.C.Germany.

捺第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后,

各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.WhatisthefictionAnotherRealityabout?

A.Kids'discovery.B.SpaceTravel.C.Arespectfulscientist.

7.Whatistheauthorfamousfor?

A.Humorouslanguage.B.Movingstories.C.Complexideas.

听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

都

8.Whatisthematterwiththecar?

A.Itismakinganoise.B.Itisrunningoutofgas.C.Itsradiodoesn'twork.

【必高三英语第1页（共10页）也］

9.Whydidthemansuggeststoppingatthegasstation?

A.Torefuelthecar.B.Toaskfordirections.C.Tocheckhiscar.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Whatintereststhemanmost?

A.Chinesehistory.B.Chineseopera.C.Chinesemusic.

11.WhydoesthemanlearnChinesepoetryandnovels?

A.Todevelopanewinterest.

B.Totakepartinacompetition.

C.Togetabetterunderstanding.

12.WhatimpressesthemanaboutChineseliterature?

A.Imagination.B.Development.C.Language.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutplayingagame?

A.Stressed.B.Relaxed.C.Curious.

14.Whatsportdoesthewomanmostliketowatch?

A.Football.B.Basketball.C.Icehockey.

15.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?

A.Dosomesports.B.Watchmorematches.C.Makenewfriends.

16.Whydoesthemansuggestjoiningagym?

A.Itiscompetitive.B.Itneedsmoreskills.C.Itiseasiertostart.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whatisthespeakermostprobably?

A.Aguide.B.Anengineer.C.Adoctor.

18.Whatfeelspainifonehasaheadache?

A.Themuscle.B.Theblood.C.Thebrain.

19.Howmuchoftheenergydoesthebrainoftenneedtosupportakid'sgrowth?

A.About3%.B.Lessthan30%.C.Nearly50%.

20.Whycansomeblindpeople"see”throughtheirears?

A.Theirbraincanchangeeyesintoears.

B.Theirbraincanrewireitselfforsounds.

C.Theirbraincanhelpearstogetsimpleimages.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Throughouthistory,remarkableleadershavestartedtoappear,leavinganindeliblemark

ontheircivilizationsandshapingthecourseofhumanhistory.Herearesomehistoricalleaders

【必高三英语第2页（共10页）幽】

whoseimpactreverberatedfarbeyondtheirlifetimes,leavingalastinglegacythattransformed

thecivilizationstheyled.

JuliusCaesar

Asabrilliantmilitarystrategistandcharmingstatesman,Caesarplayedavitalroleinthe

transformationoftheRomanRepublicintotheRomanEmpire.Hismilitaryconquests,

includingthefamouscrossingoftheRubicon,expandedtheRomanterritoriesandalteredthe

politicallandscape.Caesar'svisionforacentralizedandstableRomelaidthegroundworkfor

theimperialera,shapingthedevelopmentofWesterncivilization.

QueenElizabethI

QueenElizabeth1becametheEnglishthroneinthe16thcenturyandenteredaperiodof

culturalflourishingknownastheElizabethanEra.Underherrule,Englandsawremarkable

achievementsinliterature,explorationandthearts,withmastermindslikeWilliamShakespeare

contributingtotheculturalrenaissance.Elizabeth'sreignnotonlystrengthenedEngland's

statusasaglobalpowerbutalsoleftanenduringlegacyofartisticandintellectualbrilliance.

NelsonMandela

SouthAfricainthe20thcenturyborewitnesstothetransformativeleadershipofNelson

Mandela.Asymbolofresistanceagainstapartheid（种族隔离），Mandelaspent27yearsin

prisonbeforeemergingasaunifyingfigureinseekingforracialequality.ElectedasSouth

Africa'sfirstBlackpresidentin1994,Mandelamadeeffortstounifyadividednation,

promotingforgivenessandinclusivity.

EmperorQinShiHuang

InancientChina,theremarkableleadershipofEmperorQinShiHuanglaidthe

groundworkforaunifiedandcentralisedstate.AsthefirstemperoroftheQinDynasty,Qin

ShiHuangstandardisedwritingsystems,currenciesandmeasurements5fosteringunityacross

diverseregions.Perhapsmostfamously,heinitiatedtheconstructionoftheGreatWallof

Chinaasadefenceagainstinvasions.

21.WhatwasJuliusCaesar'smajorinfluence?

A.ThevisionforamilitaryRome.

B.TheimpactonWesterncivilization.

C.ThefoundationofRomanRepublic.

D.Theexpansiono£theRomanlandscape.

22.WhatdidNelsonMandelafightfor?

A.Racialequality.B.Economicboom.

C.Nationalpower.D.Personalright.

23.Whounifiedtheweightsandmeasures?

A.JuliusCaesar.B.QueenElizabethI.

C.NelsonMandela.D.QinShiHuang.

【也高三英语第3页（共10页）也】

Firstestablishedin2000tohelpthousandsofworkingdonkeysinIsraelandthe

PalestinianTerritories,thecharitySafeHavenforDonkeyshasbegunworkingwithan

Egyptianpartnerorganisation,theBridgeFoundation,toprovidecaretothedonkeysintheEI

SafregionofEgypt.

Thousandsofdonkeysandmulesworkinthebrickkilns（砖窑）inEgypt,ofwhichthere

areapproximately1,000,carrying1.4to1.6tonnesofbricksandmovingatanintensepace

topreventunfiredbricksfromcrackingintheheat.Duetoalackofexpertveterinary（兽医）

care,manyoftheseanimalsaresufferingintensepainfromharnesswounds,beatings,teeth

andhoofissuesandparasiticdiseasesspreadbyflies.

NowacollaborationbetweenUKcharitySafeHavenforDonkeysandEgyptian

communitydevelopmentcharitytheBridgeFoundationisprovidingmuch-neededreliefto

theseanimals.Theprojectincludesamobileveterinaryclinicwhichtreatscommoninjuries

andinfectionsandtrainsownersonhowtobestlookaftertheirdonkeysandmules.

SafeHavenforDonkeysCEOAndyFoxcroftsaid,“Currently,nootheranimalwelfare

charityprovidesveterinaryinterventionsintheseparticularkilns,hencetheneedforSafe

Haven'sexpertise,ontheground,treatingsickandinjuredanimalsandprovidingtrainingfor

ownersandlocalprofessionals（vetsandfarriers）.Thisfirstyearisvitalaswehopetomake

3-

alastingimpactbyreducingtheunnecessarysufferingofworkinganimals,whichsadly,isall

toocommonafeatureinthebrickkilns.”

SafeHavenforDonkeys'work,whichhelpsanestimated10,000animalsayear,ismade

possiblebycharitabledonationsthatfundthetreatmentandtrainingthattheyoffer.Youcan

donateatsafehavenidonkeys.org.

24.Whatcausesthesufferingsofthedonkeys?

瞳

A.Theneedsofkilnsandtheirowners*cruelty.

B.Heavyworkandshortageofpropercare.

C.Lackofexpertadviceandfoodshortage.

D.Watershortageandtheheatofbrickkilns.

25.HowwillSafeHavenforDonkeyshelptheworkingdonkeys?

A.Offeringrelieftothem.

B.Providingtrainingforthem.

C.Rescuingthemfromhardwork.

D.Monitoringthosebrickkilns.

WhatdoesAndyFoxcroftexpectSafeHavenforDonkeystodo?

A.Bringaboutmoreprofessionalvets.

B.Treatsickandinjuredanimalswell.

C.Provideprofessionaltrainingforowners.

D.Shiftworkinganimals'situationlastingly.

【8高三英语第4页（共10页）助］

27.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?

A.Tocallfordonations.

B.Tosummarizethearticle.

C.TointroduceSafeHaven.

D.TopraisetheworkofSafeHaven.

C

Peoplemayforminaccurateimpressionsaboutusfromoursocialmediaposts,findsnew

CornellUniversityresearchthatisthefirsttoexamineperceptions（认知）ofourpersonalities

basedononlineposts.

Ananalysisofonlinestatusupdatesfoundgreatdifferencebetweenhowviewerssawthe

authorsacrossarangeofpersonalitytraits,andtheauthors'self-perceptions.

髓ViewersratedtheInternetusersonaverageashavinglowerself-esteemandbeingmore

self-revealing,forexample,thantheusersratedthemselves.Statusupdatescontaining

施photos,videosorlinksinadditiontotextfacilitatedmoreaccurateassessmentsthanthose

withjusttext,theresearchersfound.

廓Overall,theysaid,thestudyshedslightonthedynamicprocessbywhichacyber

audiencetriestomakesenseofwhowearefromisolatedfragments（碎片）ofshared

information,jointlyconstructingourdigitalidentity.

“Theimpressionpeopleformaboutusonsocialmediabasedonwhatwepostcandiffer

*£fromthewayweviewourselves,vsaidQiWang,professorofpsychologyanddirectorofthe

Culture&CognitionLab."Amismatchbetweenwhoweareandhowpeopleperceiveuscould

熬influenceourabilitytofeelconnectedonlineandthebenefitsofengaginginsocialmedia

interaction.

次TheCornellresearchersbelievetheirstudyisthefirsttoinvestigateaudienceperceptions

ofsocialmediausersthroughtheirposts.Onplatforms9usersoftensharefragmentary

恭personalnarrativeswhileinteractingwith“friends”theymayknowonlyalittleorsometimes

notatall.

Interestingly,thestudyfoundthatonlinestatusupdatesgeneratedperceptionso£users

thatwereconsistentwithculturalstandardsinofflinecontextsconcerninggenderand

ethnicity-eventhoughviewerswereblindtotheiridentities.

Wangsaidthefindingscouldhelpdevelopersdesigninterfacesthatallowpeopleto

expressthemselvesmostauthentically.

“Ifpeople'sviewofusisverydifferentfromwhoweactuallyare,orhowwewouldlike

tobeperceived,“Wangsaid，”itcouldharmoursociallifeandwell-being.w

28.Whatmayyouronlinepostsleadto?

A.Authenticdigitalidentity.

B.Viewer'smisjudgmento£you.

【西高三英语第5页（共10页）也】

C.Lesssocialmediainteraction.

D.Makingmoreonlinefriends.

29.Whichofthefollowingwillleastrevealyourpersonality?

A.Aplaintextpost.

B.Apurevideopost.

C.Alinkwithtext.

D.Atextpostwithphotos.

30.Whowillbemostinterestedinthesefindings?

A.Onlinewebviewers.

B.Internetbloggers.

C.Computerrepairmen.

D.Socialmediadevelopers.

31.WhatdoesWangthinkoftheresultoftheresearch?

A.Profitable.B.Meaningless.C.Useful.D.Unpractical.

D

AteamofscientistsfromNanyangTechnologicalUniversity,Singapore（NTU

Singapore）hasdemonstratedthatcommunicationamongmemory-codingneurons（神经元）一

nervecellsinthebrainresponsibleformaintainingworkingmemory-isdisruptedwithageing

andthatthiscanbegininmiddleage.

Findingsfromthestudyprovidenewinsightsintotheageingprocessofthehumanmind,

andpavethewayfortherapies（治疗方法）tomaintainthementalwell-beingofanageing

individual.

Scientistshavelongstudiedtheimpactofageingonthebrain'sexecutivefunctions,such

aspoorerself-controlandworkingmemory.Whileitiswellestablishedthatmemorycan

worsenaspeopleage,ithasnotbeenclearwhatchangesoccurattheindividualbrainneuron

leveltocausethis—untilnow.

Inlabexperiments,theNTUscientists1investigatedhowneuronsinmiceofthree

differentagegroups—young,middleage,andoldage-respondedtotasksthatrequired

memory.

Theresearchersshowedthatcomparedtoyoungmice,middle-agedandoldmicerequired

moretrainingsessionstolearnnewtasks,indicatingsomedeclineinmemoryandlearning

abilitiesfrommiddleage.Butbeyondthat,theyalsofoundchangesinthenervecellsofolder

mice.

Usingadvancedopticaltechniquesthatallowresearcherstoobservemultipleindividual

neuronsandcontroltheiractivity,theNTUteamdiscoveredthatneuronsinonepartofthe

brain,theprefrontalcortex,showedstrongmemorycodingabilityinyoungmice.However,

thisabilitytoholdmemorydiminishesinmiddle-agedandoldmiceduetoweakeningconnections

【必高三英语第6页（共10页）8]

amongtheneurons,whichcausesthemicetotakelongertorecallandperformtasks.

DrJunNishiyama,AssistantProfessorintheNeuroscienceandBehaviouralDisorden

programmeatDuke-NUSMedicalSchoolsaid,“Thisresearchemphasisestheimportanceol

early,strategicinterventions（干预）tocopewithcognitivedecline,providingavitalframework

forfutureageingresearchandbrainhealthmaintenance.,,

32.Whatisunknowntoscientistsnow?

A.Whenmemorybeginstodecrease.

B.Howaginginfluencesmentalhealth.

C.Whatcausesmemorylossaspeopleage.

D.Whethermemorymaydecreasewithage.

33.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword"diminishes"inparagraph6?

A.standsoutB.goesdown

C.comestrueD.diesout

34.Accordingtotheresearch,whatiskeytofightingagainstcognitivedecline?

A.Strategicdiethabit

B.Healthylivingcondition.

C.Earlyscientificprevention.

D.Strengtheningageingresearch.

35.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Experimentsconductedtotestcognitivedecline.

B.Neuronsthatareresponsiblefortheagingprocess.

C.Theimportanceofassessingthedegreeofmemoryloss.

D.Thewayagingweakensbraincells'abilitytomaintainmemory.

第二节（共5小题海小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。

So,ifyouareoneofthosewhofeltsomethingwasmissing,werecommendrethinking

yourphilosophytoworkandcareer.Itmaybetimetoreframewhatbeinghappywithyour

careerrequires.Thegoodnewsisthatthereisabetterpathouttherewaitingforyou.

36.Herearesomepromptstohelpyoubreakfreefromtheoldviciouscycle（恶性循环）

andstruggleinsideforanewvirtuousone：

Purposeinspiredwork

Isthereaclearandappealingpurposetoyourwork?37?Lookforanopportunityto

workforacompanywithaninspiringpurpose,orthinkaboutstartingoneofyourown.

Helpfurthera8use

Weunder-estimateourabilitytodosomethinginaddition-Wecanalwaysfindtimefor

somethingwetrulylove,38.Non-GovernmentalOrganizationsalwaysneedvolunteers?

【①高三英语第7页（共10页）0】

英语答案

听力录音材料

Text1

W：Hey,lookatthesunsetoverthehorizon.Itisfantastic!

M：Yes,it'salwaysbeenoneofmyfavoritethings.

W：Absolutelybreathtaking.Likeapainting,butthisisreallife.

Text2

W：Ican'tbelievewe5refinallyhere!Thisplaceisalwayssobusy.

M：Iknow.Iwasexpectingittobequietsinceit'stheoff-season.

W：Ithoughtwe'dgetabettertableifwecameearly.Butlookatallthepeople!

Text3

M：Whatseemstobetheproblem?

W：MyenergyislowandIamalwaysmissingthetargets.

M：OK,let'sstartwithsomestretchestogetyourelaxed.Thenwe'llfocusonyourtechnique.

Text4

W：Hello,canIhelpyou?Wehaveavarietyofbooks.

M：Yes,I'mlookingforabookaboutvocabulary.Doyouhaveanyrecommendations?

W：Doyouwantatextbookorapracticalguide?

M：Ithinkatextbookisbetterforabeginnerlikeme.

Text5

M：Itwasamazingallpeoplearrivedontime.

W：Andit'snotjustinGermany.I'venoticedthisinSwitzerland.

MJt'sliketheyhaveasenseofurgencythatwedon，thaveinItaly.

Text6

W：Hey?haveyoureadthebookAnotherReality2

M：What'sitabout?

W：ItsasciencefictionnovelwrittenbySergery,ahighlyrespectedauthorinthegenre.The

storyisaboutagroupofscientistswhodiscoverawaytotravelthroughdifferent

universes.

M：Hmm,thatsoundsappealing.Isitforadultsorkids?

W：Itsdefinitelyforadults.Theauthorhasareputationforwritingsciencefictionthat

explorescomplicatedthemes.

M：IthinkImightgiveitatry.

Text7

M：Hey,thecarismakingastrangenoise.

W：Ididn'tnoticethat.Maybeitisourcasesonthebackseat.

M：No.Somethingmightbewrong.Weshouldpullovertofindasafeplacetopark.

W：OK,there'sagasstationupahead.Wecanstopthere.

M：Goodidea.Andmaybetheycanhelpusfigureoutwhatiswrong.

W：Hereweare.Let'sseeiftheycanhelpus.

Text8

M：Hey?Bella?IvebeenlearningmoreaboutChinesetraditionaloperalatelyandit'salways

beenreallyinterestingtome.

W：Yeah,itisreallyuniqueandhasalonghistory.Whataspectsofithaveyoubeen

exploring?

M：Well,FvebeenwatchingsomePekingOperas.

W：Canyouunderstandit?

M：Notreally.SoIhavetolearnmoreaboutChineseliterature,especiallypoetryandnovels.

W：Definitelycheckthemout!Sowhathaveyoulearnedfromthat?

M：Tvelearnedthatthelanguageisoftenpoeticandusesaninterestingwaytoexpressideas.

Text9

W：Hello,Doron.Whatsportsdoyouliketowatch?

M：Nah,Ipreferplayingsports.IplaynearlyanythingbutIsometimeswatchfootball.Only

playingagamecanmakemeforgetstress.Whataboutyou,doyoulikewatchingsports?

W：Ilovetowatchsports.I'mtoolazytoplayanyofthem,butIreallylovetowatch.

M：Youhaveafavorite?

W：Ireallyenjoywatchingbasketball.There'ssomethingaboutthefast-pacedactionand

teamworkthatIfindreallyexciting.Mysecondfavoriteisicehockeygamewhichteststhe

skillandstrengthofplayers.

M：Anyway,Ithinkyouneedtoworkoutandyouwillmeetsomenicepeople.

W：ButIneverplayedfootballorbasketball.

M：Thoseseemalittledifficult,butyoucanstartwithsomesimplethings,hittingthegymor

justrunning.

W：Yousaidit.Iwilltry.

Text10

Hi,boysandgirls.Welcometothisfeatureexhibitionofoursciencemuseum.Asyou

know,thebrainisoneofthemostastonishingpartsofthehumanbody.Buthere'ssomuch

theaveragepersondoesn'tknowaboutit.

Firstly,thebrainitselfcan，tfeelpain.Whenapersonhasaheadache,it'softenthought

ofaspaincomingfromthebrain,butthisisactuallynotthecase.Themusclesandskin

surroundingthebraincanfeelpain.Secondly,thebrainisgreedy.Itmightaccountforonly

about3percentofyourbodyweight,butitreceivesabout30percentofthebloodbeing

pumpedbyyourheart.Andthisisevenmoretrueforyoungchildren.Inorderforakid's

braintostayrunning,itrequiressignificantamountsofenergy.Almosthalfofachild's

energygoestofueltheirbrain.Finally,thebrain'sabilitytochangeitselfthroughouta

person'slifetimeisatrulyremarkablething.Forexample?thepartofablind'sbraincan

rewireitselftoprocesssoundinformationinsteadofvisualinformation,whichisnormally

wiredtoworkwitheyes.Thatmean