高中英语课件UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE Section B　Learning About Language

SectionBLearningAboutLanguage必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句填空1.Themanagerhasarrangedforus(have)ameetingintheafternoon.

2.ThebeautyofVeniceconsistslargelythestyleofitsancientbuildings.

3.Hecouldhearherdog(bark)andwhininginthedistanceatthemoment.

4.Afterhisgraduationfromcollege,he(assign)toworkattheforeignministry.

5.(unfortunate),herworksdidnotattractmuchattentioninthe1930sand1940s.

6.Weareverymuchinterestedinyourproducts(advertise)onChina’sForeignTrade.

7.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldapprovemy(apply)andinformmeoftheinterview.

8.Thelittleboyisdirtyfromheadtofootbecausehe(play)inthemudallthemorning.

Ⅱ.短语填空(be)enthusiasticabout,underhisguidance,(be)proudof,inalldirections,tryourbest,workasateam,eventhough,inarudemanner1.Themorningsunrisesintheeast,sheddingitsrays.

2.Iwasverythelecture,buthisremarkonitmademedisappointed.

3.MrJohnsonwasgratefulforandhisson’sremarkableperformance.

4.Wedecidedtotosolvetheproblem,howeverdifficultitwas.

5.,theworkersfinallymanagedtosolvetheproblemaheadofschedule.

6.Organizedgamescanteachushowtoandgetalongwithothers.

7.Allofuswereshockedtoheartheboytalking.

8.Youhavetolearntotakedownthekeypointsyoudon’ttakethemin.

Ⅲ.句式升级1.Whatevertheresultis,weshouldacceptitwithasmile,becausewehavetriedourbest.(升级为nomatter...引导的让步状语从句),weshouldacceptitwithasmile,becausewehavetriedourbest.

2.Theyspentseveralhoursmakingtheoldmanconvincedofthesafetyoftravellingbyair.(升级为it作形式主语的句子)theoldmanconvincedofthesafetyoftravellingbyair.

3.Afterhegraduatedfromcollege,DrYuandevotedhimselftotheagriculturalstudyonceandforall.(升级为介词短语),DrYuandevotedhimselftotheagriculturalstudyonceandforall.

4.Theshopsaidtheywouldreplacethetelevisionifitwasstillunderguarantee.(升级为aslongas引导的条件状语从句)Theshopsaidtheywouldreplacethetelevision.

5.Althoughtheywerelivingindifferentera,theysharesomecommoncharacteristics.(升级为省略句),theysharesomecommoncharacteristics.

Ⅳ.完成句子1.你的衣服满是灰尘,我想你一直在打扫教室吧。Yourclothesarecoveredwithdust.You,Ithink.

2.你看起来又瘦又累,你近来工作太辛苦了。Youlookthinandtired.Youtoohardrecently.

3.这个女孩弄丢了她的钥匙,她到处找都找不到。Thegirl.Shecan’tfindthemanywhere.

4.这个月我一直在参观中国的一些城市。IsomecitiesofChinathismonth.

5.这本书我已读了两个小时了,但我还没读完。Ifortwohours,butIhaven’tfinishedit.

能力素养提升练Ⅴ.阅读理解Aperfectlypreservedwreck(沉船)thathaslainunnoticedintheicyBalticSeaforover500yearshasfinallybeenconfirmed.TheEuropeanshipwasfirstobservedin2009,whenasonar(声呐)explorationbytheSwedishMaritimeAdministration(SMA)indicatedalargeobjectinthearea.However,itwasnotuntilearly2019thatresearchersfromSotonandMMTfoundevidenceofthesunkenshipusingunderwaterroboticcameras.Whentheteamobservedthepicturesofthe60-foot-longshipwreck,theyweresurprisedtodiscoveritwas99percentcomplete.Thescientistsconsideredthatthewreck’sgoodconditionisduetoitsplaceintheBalticSeabed,wheretheoxygenlevelsarelow.Oxygeniskeytomostoceanlife’ssurvival.Therefore,suchanenvironmentwheretheshipwreckstaysreducesorcompletelyremovesthecreaturesthatfeedonrottingwood.SoalthoughthisshipiscontemporarytothetimesofChristopherColumbus,itshowsaremarkablelevelofpreservationafter500yearsatthebottomofthesea.Dr.Pacheco-Ruiz,wholedtheMMTeffort,said,“It’salmostlikeitsankyesterday.It’satrulyastonishingsight.”Thescientistsareunsurewhatlettheshipsink.However,theship’sguns,whichareintheir“readytofire”positions,indicateitmayhavebeenthevictimofanavalbattle.Sincetheshipdatesbacktotheearly16thcentury,historianspredictitmayhavesunkduringSweden’sthreeyearindependencewarwithitsDanishrulersbetween1521and1523.Alternatively,itcouldalsohavebeeninvolvedintheborderdispute(争端)betweenRussiaandSwedenfrom1554to1557.Theshipisbyfarthebest-preservedshipwreckeverfoundfromtheAgeofExploration,whenEuropeansexploredtheworldbysea.What’smoreexcitingisthattheshipissimilartothePintaandLaNina,whichColumbusfamouslysailedtowardNorthAmerica.Thescientists,whocontinuetoobservetheshipwreckhopetheboat’sdesignwillexposesomeofthetechnologiesavailabletotheItalianexplorerduringhis1492voyageofdiscovery.1.WhatscientificachievementdidSoton’sandMMT’sresearchersmake?A.Discoveringawreckusingsonar.B.Gettingthewreckoutoficywater.C.IdentifyingtheobjectfoundbySMA.D.Makingtheancientwreckwellpreserved.2.Whatcanwelearnabouttheplaceofthesunkenship?A.Itisgenerallyunfitforcreaturestolivein.B.Itistoughforscientiststodoresearch.C.Itcontainstoomanyharmfulgases.D.Itisfilledwithrottingwood.3.WhatdidDr.Pacheco-Ruiz’swordsreflect?A.Hiscuriosityaboutthetimewhentheshipsank.B.Hisamazementattheship’spreviousgrandness.C.Hissurpriseatthewreck’swell-preservedcondition.D.HisshockatthesinkingofthegreatEuropeanship.4.What’sparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thedamagetotheship.B.Thecausesoftheship’ssinking.C.Theconstructionoftheship.D.Thepossiblefunctionoftheship.Ⅵ.完形填空(2021·山东威海高二期末)HunterLeininger,fromGeorgia,USAhasbeenadventureracing(探险速度赛)sincehewassevenyearsold.Now,atage19,hehassetworldrecords,traveledaroundtheglobe,and1over50races!Andheisnowonamissionto2otheryoungpeopletofollowtheirown3.

Hunterbecameinterestedinadventureracingthroughhisdad.Whileplayingfootball,Hunterwaslookingto4somethingnew.Heaskedhisdadifhecould5himinanadventurerace,andhewentontocompletehisfirstraceinabout6hours.

Hehaslearnedalotofperseverancethroughadventureracing.Therecanbealotof6inarace,butifyoudropout,yourwholeteamwillhaveto7.Thisisunlikeotherteamsports,whereyoucanstopandbe8byanotherplayer.Inracing,andinhislife,thesporthas9Huntertokeepgoingwhentimesget10.

AsreportedbytheUSARA,Hunterwantstoinspireyoungpeoplethattheycan11incrediblethingsatwhatever12andthattheydon’thaveto13untiltheygetolder.14peopleputofftheirdreamsatayoungage,theytendtonevercomebacktothem,which15themneveraccomplishinganything.Thebesttimetodosomethingisnow,sogoafteryourdreamsbeforeit’stoolate!

1.A.missed B.reportedC.organized D.completed2.A.inspire B.inviteC.advise D.order3.A.interests B.dreamsC.paths D.rhythms4.A.try B.discoverC.create D.share5.A.help B.meetC.accompany D.join6.A.fun B.harmC.pain D.cooperation7.A.restart B.stopC.change D.struggle8.A.replaced B.supportedC.encouraged D.caught9.A.required B.forcedC.attracted D.taught10.A.better B.tougherC.special D.strange11.A.accept B.imagineC.choose D.achieve12.A.age B.levelC.degree D.status13.A.wait B.practiceC.perform D.compete14.A.Unless B.AlthoughC.Once D.Because15.A.avoids B.preventsC.resultsin D.objectstoⅦ.语法填空(2021·山东菏泽高二期末)Researchersbelievetheyhavefounda1.(previous)unknownkindofwhaleinwatersoffMexico’swesterncoast.Ifothersconfirmthefinding,thenewwhalewouldbeanimportant2.(discover)amonggiantanimals.

Theteamofresearcherscameuponthreeunusualwhaleswhile3.(follow)araregroupofbeakedwhales(突吻鲸)onNov.17.ThewhaleswerenearMexico’sdistantSanBenitoIslands,4.isabout500kmsouthoftheU.S.border.Beakedwhalesusuallyavoidcontactwithhumans.Theseanimalssuddenlyappearednearthesurfacerightnexttotheboat.It’sveryraretoseeabeakedwhale,andtofindafriendlygroupofbeakedwhales.It’seven5.(rare).

Researchersdidnotrealizetheywereseeingapossiblenewkindofwhaleuntillater.Thegroup,6.(lead)bythenon-profitSenShepherdConservationSociety,sawsomethingdifferentaboutthewhales’7.(tooth)whentheystudiedphotostheytookoftheanimals.Theunderwaterrecordingsofthewholes’callsalsosuggestedthattheyweredifferent8.allothers.

Theresearchersarenowwaitingfortestresultsonwaterthey9.(collect)nearthewhales.Therecouldbeskincellsinthewaterfromthewhales.Ifso,theywillexaminetheDNAtoconfirm10.thewhalesareanewspecies.

答案：Ⅰ.1.tohave2.in3.barking4.wasassigned5.Unfortunately6.advertised7.application8.hasbeenplayingⅡ.1.inalldirections2.enthusiasticudof4.tryourbest5.Underhisguidance6.workasateam7.inarudemanner8.eventhoughⅢ.1.Nomatterwhattheresultis2.Ittookusseveralhourstomake3.Aftergraduatingfromcollege4.aslongasitwasstillunderguarantee5.AlthoughlivingindifferenteraⅣ.1.havebeencleaningtheclassroom2.havebeenworking3.haslostherkeys4.havebeenvisiting5.havebeenreadingthisbookⅤ.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。一艘保存完好的沉船在冰冷的波罗的海沉睡了500多年,如今它终于得到了证实。文章介绍了这艘沉船保存完好的原因和沉没的原因,以及研究者的更多发现。1.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However,itwasnotuntilearly2019thatresearchersfromSotonandMMTfoundevidenceofthesunkenshipusingunderwaterroboticcameras.”可知,Soton和MMT的研究人员的成就是识别出了瑞典海事管理局发现的物体。2.A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Thescientistsconsideredthatthewreck’sgoodconditionisduetoitsplaceintheBalticSeabed,wheretheoxygenlevelsarelow.Oxygeniskeytomostoceanlife’ssurvival.”可知,科学家们认为,沉船状况良好是因为它位于波罗的海海底,那里的氧气含量很低。氧气是大多数海洋生物生存的关键。由此推测,沉船的地点氧气含量很低,不适合生物居住。3.C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Dr.Pacheco-Ruiz,wholedtheMMTeffort,said,‘It’salmostlikeitsankyesterday.It’satrulyastonishingsight.’”可知,帕切科—鲁伊斯博士的话反映了他对残骸保存完好的惊讶。4.B段落大意题。根据第四段中的“Thescientistsareunsurewhatlettheshipsink.However,theship’sguns,whichareintheir‘readytofire’positions,indicateitmayhavebeenthevictimofanavalbattle.”可知,科学家们不确定是什么让这艘船沉没的。然而,舰炮处于“随时准备开火”的位置,表明它可能是海战的受害者。由此可知,第四段讲述的是船沉没的原因。Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。美国佐治亚州现19岁的亨特·莱宁格已经创造了世界纪录,环游世界,完成了50多场比赛。1.D根据“hehassetworldrecords,traveledaroundtheglobe”可知,他完成了(completed)50多场比赛。2.A根据下文“toinspireyoungpeoplethattheycan...”可知,他现在的使命是激励(inspire)其他年轻人追随自己的梦想。inspiresbtodosth“激励某人做某事”。3.B根据下文“Hunterbecameinterestedinadventureracingthroughhisdad.”可知,这是他的梦想,所以此处是激励其他年轻人追随自己的梦想(dreams)。4.A根据“somethingnew”可知,亨特想尝试(try)一些新事物。5.D根据“inanadventurerace”和“completehisfirstrace”可知,他问他的爸爸是否可以和他一起参加(join)冒险比赛。6.C根据“butifyoudropout”中的转折含义可知,比赛中可能会有很多痛苦(pain)。7.B根据下文“This