04选择性暑期学习成果阶段检测卷（人教版2019）（原卷版）

04选择性必修第一册暑期学习成果阶段检测卷英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardstheagingpopulation?A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Undecided.2．Whowillprobablyhelpthemandothehouseworkinthefuture?A．Thewoman. B．Himself. C．Therobot.3．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Marriedlife. B．Futureplans. C．Dreamschools.4．Whydoesthemansuggestgoingtothepark?A．It’sbig. B．It’squiet. C．It’snew.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Anewtechnology. B．Acarpany. C．Driverlesscars.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Thefuturewayofworking.B．Howtofindasatisfyingjob.C．Thedevelopmentofputers.7．Whatdoesthemanmean?A．Hewouldgetmuchmoredoneathome.B．Workingathomemaynotbeforhim.C．HewouldliketowatchTVathome.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8．Whatdothespeakersmainlytalkabout?A．Robotswilltakejobsfromhumans.B．Robotswillreplacehumansentirely.C．Robotswillbeintroducedintohomes.9．Howdoesthemanthinkaboutrobots?A．Theyarenotveryfriendly.B．Theybreakdownregularly.C．Theydomorewithlesscost.10．Whatpercentageofjobswillbeatriskduringthenextdecade?A．3%. B．15%. C．33%.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11．Whyisthemaninthepark?A．Tovolunteerforagovernmentdepartment.B．Todoresearchforaschoolproject.C．Tooffertourstovisitors.12．Whatconcernsthemanmostaboutthepark?A．Naturaldisasters. B．Onlineadvertising. C．Tourists’visiting.13．Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A．Signaform. B．Offeracashdonation. C．Joininsomeonlineactivities.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14．What’stheconversationmainlyabout?A．Fightingfire. B．Detectingfire. C．Preventingfire.15．Whatcanweknowfromtheconversation?A．Australialost4%ofitstrees.B．ThesystemisusedinAmerica.C．Thesystemwilluseheatcameras.16．Whatsizeoffirecanthenewsystemdiscover?A．Thesizeofacar.B．Thesizeofaplane.C．Thesizeofafootballfield.17．Whatisthewoman’sconcernbesidestrees?A．Protectinghumans. B．Purifyingtheair. C．Savinganimals.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18．Whatwillcontrolthetreehouse’stemperature?A．Theroof. B．Theleaves. C．Thesoil.19．Whatisthemostimportantdesignofalizardhouse?A．Changingcolors. B．Collectingsunlight. C．Producingenergy.20．Whycanthechimneybeausefulairconditioner?A．Itallowscoolairtoein.B．Itiseasyforhotairtoflowout.C．Itcanprotectthehousefromstrongcoldair.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASomebeachesareperfectforrelaxing,whileothersofferactivitieslikehikingandwatersports.Visitthesebeautifulbeachesforanunforgettablevacation.CannonBeachIfyourperfectbeachvacationspotfeaturespostcardworthysceneryandpeace,looknofurtherthanCannonBeach.InthisPacificNorthwesttown,youcanevenbuildafireonthebeachtorelaxbesidewhilewatchingthesunset.Whenyouneedabreakfromthebeach,grababikeandheaddowntowntoexploreitsartgalleries,shopsandrestaurants.HorseshoeBayBeachForaoneofakindbeachexperience,headtoHorseshoeBayBeachonBermuda’sSouthShore.Knownforitspinksand,thisbeachisapopulardestinationforfamilieslookingtoplayinthecalmbluegreenwatersandbuildblushcoloredsandcastles.Adventureseekerscanalsotakepartintheselfguidedislandbicycletourorengageinexcitingwatersports.MoheganBluffsThisbeachisfamousforitsnaturalbeauty.Uponarrival,pausetoadmireyoursurroundingsandlearnaboutitstiestothenativepeople,theirancienttraditions,andconnectiontotheland,addingdepthtoyourbeachexperience.Then,takethe141stepsdowntothesandtosunbathe.Afterthat,climbbackuptovisittheSoutheastLightforanupcloseviewofits18thcenturylighthouse.SouthBeachThistropicaldistrictonFlorida’sAtlanticCoastisworldrenownedforitspowderywhitesand.AlthoughtechnicallypartoftheMiamiBeacharea,SouthBeachstandsoutduetoitsArtDecoarchitectureseenineverythingfromthebeachfrontlifeguardtowerstothehighrisebuildingsalongthefamedOceanDrive.21．WhatsimilaritydoCannonBeachandHorseshoeBayBeachshare?A．Thechancetocyclearound. B．Theirlivelyartisticscene.C．Theuniquewatersports. D．Theirdistinctivesandcolor.22．WhoismostlikelyattractedtoMoheganBluffs?A．Thoseseekingwatersports. B．Fansofmodernlighthouses.C．Thoseinterestedinlocalculture. D．Enthusiastsofmountainclimbing.23．WhatsetsSouthBeachapartfromtherestoftheMiamiBeacharea?A．Itsbeachsand. B．Itsarchitecturalstyle.C．Itsoceandrive. D．Itshighrisebuildings.BBeforearrivinginChina,IhadreadvariousbooksrelatingtoChina,andmyfascinationwereincreasing.Therefore,whenIarrived,Icouldn’thavebeenmoreexcitedtobelivinginthishugehistoricallyandculturallyrichcountry.Thefood,thelandmarks,thebigcitiesandeverydaylife—Icouldn’twaittoexplore.Yetdespitemypassion,learningChinesehadn’tevenenteredmymind.Thiswasn’tlaziness,butratherfearatthethoughtoftryingtolearnwhatisregardedasthemostdifficultlanguageintheworld.Besidesthis,IwaslivinginShanghai,aninternationalcity,withmanypeoplespeakingEnglishasasecondlanguage—IdecidedEnglishwouldbeenough.However,afterayearinChinaIbegantoobservethatwhilemanyforeignersdidnotspeakChinese,therewereplentywhodid.Perhapsitwasachievableafterall?Inaddition,IfeltunfortablewithhowmanyChinesepeoplecouldspeakEnglishandyetIcouldn’tevenspeakthemostbasicChinese.Withthesefactorsinmindandathirstforanewchallenge,IdecidedtobeginmylanguagejourneyandmyonlyregretisthatIdidn’tstartearlier.LearningtospeakChineseisn’tasinsurmountableasIoncethought.WhenIspeaktonativeChinesespeakersinChinese,theyalmostalwaysunderstandme,IhavealsonotfoundittoodifficulttoremembercharactersandIamnowevenabletowriteover400characters.ThethingIfindmostchallengingislisteningsincenativespeakerstalkatsuchaspeed.Ican’talwaysunderstandwhat’sbeensaid.MybiggesttakeawayfromlearningChineseisthatit’snotonlyachievablebutcanalsobeenjoyable.LearningChinesenotonlyhelpedmeindaytodaylife,butdeepenedmyculturalunderstandingofsuchafascinatingcountry.So,toallmynonChinesefriendsIsaythis,takeupthechallengeandtaketheleapoffaith.24．Whydidn’ttheauthorlearnChinesewhenhearrivedinChinain2017?A．HeshowednopassionforChina. B．Hewasunwillingtomaketheeffort.C．Heavoidedlearningasecondlanguage. D．Heavoideddoingsomethingdifficult.25．WhatcausedtheauthortolearnChinese?A．Hisregretaboutstartinglearninglate. B．Supportfrommanyfriendsaroundhim.C．Eagernesstotakeupthechallenge. D．Athirsttoprovehisgiftforlanguage.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“insurmountable”inthe5thparagraphmean?A．Valueless. B．Difficult. C．Unnecessary. D．Unacceptable.27．Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor’sexperience?A．Lovebreaksdowndifficulties. B．Hardworkpaysoff.C．Hardworkisthekeytosuccess. D．Braveryopensupanewworld.CSomecivilizationsrecordtheirpastswithartorbooks.Otherspassonhistorythroughfolksongsanddances.InSingapore,thestoryofhowaramshacklefishingvillageinSoutheastAsiadevelopedintoawealthyandmoderncountryoftenesinspoonfulsofpepperyporkribsouporbitesoffriedeggnoodlesatitshawkercenters(小贩中心).Forvisitors,hawkercentersmightjustseemlikefoodcourts:Followyournoseorthelongestline,thenpayafewSingaporedollarsforaplateoffoodtoenjoyatasharedtable.ForSingaporeans,hawkercultureisaboutmorethanjustagoodmeal.Thesefoodcentersaresymbolsofthecountry’sdiversifiedculture.HawkercentersaresocentraltoSingaporethatthecountryrecentlyledasuccessfulcampaigntohavethepracticelistedastheUNESCOIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity.Toacmodate(容纳)Singapore’sdiversifiedpopulation,thegovernmentmadesurethehawkercentersincludedMalay,Indian,andChinesestoreowners.“Hawkercentersarelikelythefirstplaceswherepeoplewilltryanotherethnicgroup’sfood,”saysCheeKienLai,authorofEarlyHawkersinSingapore.“They’reopentoeveryone.YoucangetChinesefoodortryIndiancuisineandgetconnectedtodifferentculturesandreligions.”AfterSingapore’srapiddevelopmentinthe1970sand80s,therewasasuddenstopintheconstructionofhawkercenters.Everybodywasconcentratingonbeingaknowledgebasedsociety.Bythetimethegovernmentreturnedtobuildingnewhawkercentersin2011,manypeoplewonderediftherewereenoughpeopletocarryonthetradition.“Eventhoughlocalsloveeatingathawkercenters,fewareinterestedinrunningasmallfoodshopthemselves,”saysChee.“Thecostoflaborhasgoneup,withtheyounger,bettereducatedgenerationputoffbythelonghoursandphysicalworkthejobrequires.Asaginghawkersretire,theirrecipesriskextinction.”That’soneofthereasonsthat,in2019,Singapore’sNationalHeritageBoardputthehawkersforwardforUNESCOrecognition.“Weneedtomakethemourlocalculturalheroes,”saysTay.28．Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“ramshackle”inparagraphl?A．Poor. B．Big. C．Unfriendly. D．Pretty.29．ForSingaporeans,thehawkercentersare__________.A．ameansofpassingontheirhistory B．aneasywaytoearnalivingC．symbolsofbeingamoderncountry D．justgoodplacesforcheapfood30．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A．Singaporehasaverydiversifiedpopulation.B．Hawkercentersdeclinedshortlyafterthe1980s.C．Thereisintensepetitionamongthehawkers.D．Youngpeopleenjoyworkingatthehawkercenters.31．WhatisCheeKienLaiworriedabout?A．Therisingpricesoffood. B．ThehighcostoflaborinSingapore.C．Thedisappearanceofhawkercenters. D．Alackofcustomersforhawkercenters.DMorethan1billionchildren,teenagersandadultslivewithobesity(肥胖)aroundtheworld,makingitthemostmonformofmalnutritioninmanycountries,accordingtoastudypublishedonThursdayinthejournalTheLancet.“PreviousestimatesbytheWorldObesityFederationsuggestedthattherewouldbe1billionpeoplelivingwithobesityby2030,butthatnumberwasalreadyovertakenin2022,”Dr.MajidEzzati,seniorauthorofthestudyandprofessoratImperialCollegeLondon,saidinanewsconferenceonThursday.“Wehadn’texpectedthatthethingshappenedsofast.”Thenewglobalstudy,conductedbymorethan1,500researchersfromtheNonmunicableDiseasesRiskFactorCollaborationandtheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),analyzedtheheightandweightmeasurementsofover220millionpeoplefrommorethan190countries.Thestudyfocusedonratesofunderweightandobesity,bothformsofmalnutritionthatareharmfultopeople’shealth.Adultswereregardedasobeseiftheirbodymassindex(指数)(BMI)wasgreaterthanorequalto30andconsideredasunderweightiftheirBMIwasbelow18.5.Childrenandteenagersweredefinedasobeseorunderweightbasedonageandsex,accordingtothestudy.“Undernutritionandobesityaretwofacesofthesameproblem,whichisthelackofaccesstoahealthydiet,”Dr.FrancescoBranca,directoroftheWHODepartmentofNutritionandFoodSafety,saidinthenewsconference.“Publicpolicymustaimtoimprovemonitoringoffoodproducersandensurefairaccesstohealthyandnutritiousfoodforeveryone.Over3billionpeopleintheworldstillcannotaffordahealthydiet.”France,whichsawasteadylevelinitsobesityratesinthestudy,hascarriedoutanationalplancalledProgrammeNationalNutritionSantéthatsetsobjectivesfornutritionalpolicyattheindustry,consumerandresearchlevels.CountriesinSouthAmericahavebeguncarryingoutfrontofpackagenutritionallabellingthatincludesclearwarningsaboutfat,sugarandsaltlevels.Mexicohasledthewayontaxationofsweeteneddrinks,andinChile,processedfoodscannotbemarketedtochildren.32．HowdoesEzzatifeelaboutthenumberofobesepeopleworldwidein2022?A．Disappointed. B．Astonished.C．Amused. D．Relieved.33．Howdidtheresearchersconductthenewstudy?A．Byaskingquestions. B．Byanalyzingdata.C．Bymakingobservations. D．Bycarryingoutexperiments.34．Foradults,whichBMImeansnormalweightaccordingtothestudy?A．33. B．30.C．20. D．18.35．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThegoodhabitsofteenagersinSouthAmerica.B．Thedifferencesindietamongdifferentcountries.C．TheproblemsofrisingobesityratesfacedbyFrance.D．Themeasurestakenbyseveralcountriestoaddressobesity.第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Althoughmostemptyplasticbottlesarethrown,thereareactuallymanyotherwaysyoucanreusethemotherthandrinking.36.Herearesomeinterestingtipstousewithemptyplasticbottles.CutoffthebiscuitsWhenmakingbiscuits,didyoujustrealizeyoudidn’thaveanytoolstocutthem?Youjustneedasmallorlargeplasticbottledependingonyourneeds.Firstcutthebottleintohalf.37.SeparateeggsDoyoufinditchallengingtoseparateeggs?38.Breaktheeggsintoabowl.Removethelid,pressthebottle,puttheendsintotheeggyolk(蛋黄)andstopthepressure.Thisway,theeggyolkwillbetakenintothebottlewhiletheeggwhitewillremainontheplate.Inthisway,separatingeggsisn’tachallengingproblem.39Wanttoremovefliesinyourgardensafely?Useplasticbottles.Cutthebottleintohalfandplaceasweetsyrup(糖浆)atthebottom.Thenplacethetopinthebottomsothatthebottlemouthfacesdown.Theflywillbeattractedtothesmellandflyintothebottlehole.Onceinthebottle,theflywillclimbthroughanarrowopeningwithoutthinkingabouthowtogetoutandeventuallydies.AirconditionerSometimes,thefanremoveshotairanddoesnotcooltheroombutnowwehaveasolution!40Then,placethebottlewithiceonthefloorforahighfan.Putthefanbehindthebottleandthefanwillblowthecoldairasthebottlewithicecausesthetemperaturetobelower.A．ThetrapB．TheharmoffliesC．PourthewateroutfromthelargebottlesD．YoucansolvethisproblemwithplasticbottlesE．FilltwolargebottleswithwaterandturnintoiceF．AndthenyoujusttakeoneoftwopartstocutthecookiesG．Theyallowyoutorecyclecreativelyforavarietyofpurposes第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ChatGPT,anartificialintelligencedrivenchatbot(聊天机器人)programmethatrespondstouserprompts,hasgoneviralinsocialnetworksinrecentweeks.Its41issuchthatwithindaysofitslaunch,OpenAI,theartificialintelligencepanybehindthechatbot,announcedthat1millionpeoplehadused.Inparison,FacebookandSpotifytookmonthstoachievethat42ofengagement(受人关注).Theattractionisobvious:ChatGPTcanproducejokes,essaysandputercodefromashortwritingprompt.There’snothing43insoftwarethatproducesfluentandlogicalwriting.ChatGPT’spredecessor(前身),theGenerativePretrainedTransformer3(GPT3),coulddothattoo.Bothweretrainedonanunimaginablylargeamountofdatatoanswerquestionsina/an44way.ButChatGPThasbeenupdatedbybeinggiventhedataonhuman“conversations”,whichsignificantly45thetruthfulnessandinformativeness(信息准确性)ofitsanswers.46,ChatGPTstillproducesanswersthatseemreasonablebutareincorrectornonsensical(无意义的).Eventhechatbotitselfsays,“Myresponsesarenotintendedtobeconsideredas47.”ThismightbeabigproblemontheInternet,asmanywebplatforms(平台)48theabilitytoprotectthemselvesagainstafloodofAIgeneratedcontent(AI生成的内容).SuchwebsitesasStackOverflow,whereuserscanfindanswerstoprogrammingrelatedquestions,hadtobanChatGPTproducedposts,asitshumanmoderators(管理员)couldnot49thevolume(大量)ofincrediblebutwrongreplies.Itis50togiveouttoolsthatcouldbeusedtoproducefakenewsandmessages.UsingChatGPTtoomuchraisesthequestionofwhethercontentproducedbyitcanbetrulytrusted.Ahumanauthoris51theirownworkbutAIisnot.Artificialintelligenceisnotartificial52:ChatGPTdoesnotknowwhatitisdoing;itisunabletosayhoworwhyitproducedaresponse;itdoesn’thavehumanexperience,andcannottellifitis53.WhileOpenAIhassafeguardstorefuseinappropriaterequests,suchastotellusershowtomitcrimes(犯罪),thesecanbebypassed.AI’spotentialforharmshouldnotbe54.Inthewronghands,itcouldbeaweapontoharmpeopleandsociety.Nooneknowswhatwillhappentosuchtechnologiesifthesoftwareengineersofthefuturewillthemselvesbesoftwareprograms.“Humansupervision(监督)and55arerequired,”OpenAI’sresearchershavewarned.41．A．attempt B．popularity C．purpose D．solution42．A．level B．quality C．focus D．goal43．A．harmful B．positive C．new D．obvious44．A．creative B．general C．simple D．incredible45．A．transformed B．impressed C．increased D．limited46．A．Inbrief B．Asaresult C．Evenso D．Generallyspeaking47．A．fact B．routine C．law D．details48．A．have B．lack C．expect D．improve49．A．answer B．provide C．handle D．collect50．A．experimental B．risky C．unnecessary D．reliable51．A．scaredof B．opento C．pleasedwith D．responsiblefor52．A．awareness B．innovation C．emotion D．curiosity53．A．fittingin B．hangingon C．makingsense D．achievinggoals54．A．refused B．blamed C．ignored D．contributed55．A．civilization B．control C．loss D．pressure第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Foodwasteisoneofthegreatestchallengesofourtime,andfruitandvegetablesareespeciallyproblematic,asabout52%ofthemgobadbefore56(eventual)reachingconsumers.ButoneMalaysianpanyhaseup57asimplesolutiontothisproblem—atinysticker(贴纸)thatkeepsfruitfrom58(go)badforuptoweeks.You’veprobablyseenstickersonfruitbefore,butnotliketheonescreatedbytheMalaysianpany.Thosemonstickersaretypically59(use)onlytoprovideconsumerswith60(inform)aboutthegrowersandhowthefruitwasgrown,61Stixfreshhasapletelydifferentpurpose.Itcontainssomethingspecialandallnaturalthatslowsdowntheripening(成熟)process,keepingthefruitfreshandjuicyformuch62(long).StixfreshfounderZhafriZainudinsaysthathethoughtoftheideaforthestickersaftervisitingafriend63ranafruitstore.Themanwasworriedaboutlosingmoneyeverydaybecauseofbadfruit,butheknewthattherewasnowaytostopnaturefromtaking64(it)course.TheMalaysianbusinessmanworkedwithmany65(university)todevelopandtesthissticker.Atfirst,Stixfreshstickerswereonlyusedtolengthentheshelflifeofmangoes,butthepanylaterworkedonotherfruit,likedragonfruit,starfruit,applesandpears.第四部分写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom发来邮件，提到他对中国所取得的科技成就感到无比钦佩，想了解一些中国科学家的事迹。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，为他介绍一位你最喜欢的中国科学家，内容包括：1.科学家介绍；2.对你的影响。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearTom,I’mgladthatyoushowadmirationforChinesescientificachievement._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。In2018,17yearoldHemeshspentalifechangingsummerwithhisgrandmotherAnne,whohadbeendiagnosedwithAlzheimer’sdisease.Witnessingtheimpactofthediseasefirsthand,Hemeshwasawakenedtotheseriousnessofthesituation.Onenight,Hemeshwalkedintothekitchenonlytodiscoverthathisgrandmotherhadleftthegasstove(炉)onaftermakingtea.ShockedbythedangerousconsequencesAlzheimer’sdiseasecouldbringabout,hecouldn’thelpbutwonderwhatmighthavehappenedifhehadn’tbeenthere.Hemesh’sworriesincreased