2024年同等学力英语考试真题及详解

同等學力英語考试历年真題及参照答案PartOne(90minutes)Part1Dialoguecommunication(10minutes,10points,1foreach)SectionADialoguecompletion1.A:DavidsaidheboughtanewBMWfor$5,000!B:_____.Soundsprettycheaptome!A:Well,that’swhathesaid.Areyousure?Cometothinkofit.Doyouthinkso?Ishecrazy?2.A:WejustcamebackfromPhoenix.Andwehadthebestvacationinyears.B:____.I’mgladtohearit.Oh,mygoodness!Howwasit?Oh,thereyougoagain.Goodforyou.3.A:Ijustcan’tstandthisclassanymore?B:____.It’srequired,andyouhavetositinitinordertograduate.Well,whynotjustdropoutofit?Why,youcansaythatagain!Well,youmightaswellgetusedtoit.Why,Icouldn’tagreemore!4.A:Idon’tknowaboutyou,butIthoughtthatfilmwasterrific.B:____.Theactionwasgreat,andsowasthemusic.Justthesame.I’mwithyouthere.Moreorless.Isuredo.5.A:Dangavemeafreeridehome,butIpaidforthegas.B:Youknowwhattheysay,____.there’snofreelunchdon’tbiteoffmorethanyoucanchewonegoodturndeservesanotherit’swhoyouknowthatcountsSectionBDialogueComprehension6.Woman:I’drathernottalkaboutit.Justdon’task.Man:Comeon.Ithinkyouneedtoletoffsomesteam.Question:Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?Totalktohimabouttheproblem.Tokeepthesecret.Toreducetheworkload.Tohaveagoodrest.7.Woman:Julie’sdresslooksfunny.Thatstylewentoutlastyear.Man:Oh,comeon,aslongasitlooksgoodonher.Question:Whatdoesthemantrytoemphasize?Julie’sdressisnotoutdated.Julie’sdressdoesnotsuither.Julieshouldfollowthefashion.Julielooksfineinthatdress.8.Man:Whatkindofsnacksdoyouprefer?Woman:Oh,I’vegotasweettooth,youknow.Question:Whatdoesthewomanprobablylike?Sandwich.Hotdogs.Icecream.Potatochips.9.Woman:I’mtiredofdrivingallthewaytoworkandbackeveryday.Ifonlycarscoulddrivethemselves!Man:Well,somecarmanufacturesareworkingonthem.Iguessyou’llsoonbuyoneifyoucanaffordit.Question:Whatdoesthemanimply?Thewomanwillbeabletobuyanintelligentcar.Carsthatdrivethemselvesmaybeveryexpensive.Heisworkingwithacarproduceronintelligentcars.Drivingtoworkisreallyaheadache.10.Man:Annie,howdoesitnotevencrossyourmindthatyoumightwantafuturewithsomeone?Woman:It’ssimple.Idon’tmindbeingmarriedtomycareer.Question:What’sAnnie’sattitudetowardsherfuture?Shewillstaywithsomeoneunmarried.Shewillliveasimplelife.Shewillquitherjobtogetmarried.Shewillfullyfocusonherjob.PartIIVocabulary(20minutes,10points,0.5foreach)SectionA11.Thenewsreportscompletelyoverlookedthemoreprofoundpoliticalimplicationsoftheevents.neglectedforesawexploredassessed12.Teachersandnurseswhodealwithchildrenareobligedtoreportcasesofsuspectedchildabusetoauthorities.remindedexpectedcompelledrequested13.Yourgradewillbebasedinlargepartontheoriginalityofyourideas.creativitypopularityfeasibilityflexibility14.Wesuspectthereisaquiredeliberateattempttosabotagetheelectionsandunderminetheelectoralcommission.consciousdesperateclumsyintentional15.SostrangewerethecircumstancesofmystorythatIcanscarcelybelievemyselftohavebeenapartytothem.justhardlyalmostdefinitely16.Smokeparticlesandotherairpollutantsareoftentrappedintheatmosphere,thusformingdirtyfog.constrainedcaughtconcealedconcentrated17.Employeesinchemicalfactoriesareentitledtoreceiveextrapayfordoinghazardouswork.poisonousdifficultdangerousharmful18.CurtCarlson,thewealthiestmaninMinnesota,ownedahotelandtravelcompanywithsalesreachingintheneighborhoodof$9billion.preciselymerelysubstantiallyapproximately19.Thetendencyofthehumanbodytorejectforeignmatteristhemainobstacletosuccessfulorgantransplantation.factorconstituentbarrierbreak20.WheneveryouneedTom,heisalwaystherewhetheritbeanearorahelpinghand,soyoucanalwaysleanonhim.countonbenefitfromstandforsticktoSectionB21.It____withoutsayingthatconsumerswouldbehappierifpriceswerelower.takesappearsmakesgoes22.Theworldeconomicrecessionputan____endtothesteelmarketupturnthatbeganin.irregularillegalabruptabsurd23.I’m____abouthowyoudiscoveredmywebsite,andamverygladifyouenjoyit.mysteriousfuriousseriouscurious24.TheLaborParty’selectoralstrategy,basedonan____withothersmallerparties,hasprovedsuccessful.acquaintanceintegrationallianceintimacy25.Thenewaircraftwillbe____toatestoftemperaturesof-65℃and120℃.suspendedsuppressedsummonedsubjected26.ThemoneyIgotfromteachingonthesidewasauseful____tomyordinaryfitsupplementsubsidyreplacement27.Chinesepeoplearenowenjoyingbetterdentalhealth,asshownbythedeclining____oftoothdecay.treatmentincidenceconsequencemisfortune28.Manycountrieshaveconversationprogramstopreventcertain____offishfrombecomingextinct.speciessourcesnumbersmembers29.Susannevertookanycookerycourses;shelearnedcookingby____usefultipsfromTVcookeryprograms.pickingupbringingupputtinguppullingup30.ThePresident_____hisdeputytoactforhimwhilehewasmotedsubstitutedauthorizeddisplacedPartIIIReadingComprehension(45minutes,30points,1foreach)PassageOneUntillastspring,NiaParkerandtheotherkidsinherneighborhoodcommutedtoschoolonBus59.Butasfuelpricesrose,theschooldistrictneededtofindawaytocutitstransportationcosts.Sotheschool’sbusingcompanyredrewitsroutemap,eliminatingNia’sbusaltogether.NowNiaandherneighborstravelthehalfmiletoschoolviaa“walkingschoolbus”—agroupofkids,supervisedbyanadultortwo,whomakethewalktogether.Liketherestofus,schooldistrictsarefeelingpinchedbyrisingfuelcosts—andfindingnewwaytoadapt.Thepriceofdieselfuelhasgoneup34percentinthepasttwoyears.ForthetypicalAmericanschooldistrict,busbillstotal5percentofthebudget.Asadministratorslooktotrim,busingisaninvitingtarget,sinceitdoesn’taffectclassroominstruction(ortestscores).MorethanonethirdofAmericanschooladministratorshaveeliminatedbusstopsorroutesinordertostaywithinbudget.Manyparentsaredelightedtoseetheirkidswalkingtoschool,partlybecausemanydidsothemselves:accordingtoa1969survey,nearlyhalfofschoolkidswalkedorbikedtoschool,comparedwithonly16percentin.Modernparentshavebeenunwillingtoletkidswalktoschoolforfearoftraffic,crimeorsimplebullying,butwithorganizedadultsupervision,thoseconcernshavediminished.Schoolsandbusingcompaniesarefindingotherwaystosave.Inruralareaswherebusingisamust,someschoolshaveevenchosenfour-dayschoolweeks.Busingcompaniesinstructdriverstoeliminateextrastopsfromroutesandtoturnofftheenginewhileidling.Theyarealsousingcomputersoftwaretodeterminethemostfuel-efficientroutes,whicharen’talwaystheshortestones.Therecouldbedownsides,however,tothebusingcutbacks.Ifeveryformerlybusedstudentbeginswalkingtoschool,it’sanenvironmentalwin—butiftoomanyoftheirparentsdecidetodrivetheninstead,theoverallcarbonfootprintcangrow.Replacingbuseswithmanymoreparent-drivencarscanalsoincreasesafetyrisks:Areportconcludedstudentsare13timessaferonaschoolbusthaninapassengercar,sincebuseshavefeweraccidentsandwithstandthembetterduetotheirsize.Andsomestudentscomplainaboutthelongmorninghikes,particularlywhentheroutecontainsareallybighill.31.The“walkingschoolbus”_____.A．doesnotconsumefuelB．aimstokeepchildrenfitC．seldomcausestrafficjamsD．ispopularwithschoolkids32.InAmericatheresponsibilityforbusingkidstoschoollieswith____.A．individualschoolsB．schooldistrictsC．teacherD．parents33.Asregardswalkingtoschool,modernparentsseemmuchconcernedwiththe_____.A．timespentonthewayB．changesintherouteC．kid’sphysicalstrengthD．safetyoftheirchildren34.Tosavemoney,someschoolschooseto_____.A．taketheshortestroutesB．shortentheschoolweekC．givedrivesbettertrainingD．usefuelefficientbuses35.Busingcutbacksmayeventuallyleadto_____.A．fiercecompetitionamongbuscompaniesB．morestudentstakingpublictransportationC．anincreaseincarbondioxideemissionsD．adecreaseinthesafetyofschoolbuses36.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetowardsbusingcutbacks?A．FavorableB．CriticalC．ObjectiveD．IndifferentPassageTwoPeoplearelivinglongerthanever,butforsomereason,womenarelivinglongerthanmen.AbabyboybornintheUnitedStatesincanexpectstolivetobeabout73,ababygirl,about79.Thisisindeedawidegap,andnoonereallyknowswhyitexists.Thegreaterlongevity（長寿）ofwomen,however,hasbeenknownforcenturies.Itwas,forexample,describedintheseventeenthcentury.However,thedifferencewassmallerthen–thegapisgrowing.Anumberofreasonshavebeenproposedtoaccountsforthedifferences.Thegapisgreatestinindustrializedsocieties,soithasbeensuggestedthatwomenarelesssusceptibletoworkstrainsthatmayraisetheriskofheartdiseaseandalcoholism.Sociologistsalsotellusthatwomenareencouragedtobelessadventurousthanmen(andthismaybewhytheyaremorecarefuldrivers,involvedinfeweraccidents).Evensmokinghasbeenimplicatedintheagediscrepancy.Itwasoncesuggestedthatworkingwomenaremorelikelytosmokeandasmorewomenenteredtheworkforce,theagegapwouldbegintoclose,becausesmokingisrelatedtoearlierdeaths.Now,however,weseemorewomensmokingandtheystilltendtolivelongeralthoughtheirlungcancerrateisclimbingsharply.Onepuzzlingaspectoftheproblemisthatwomendonotappeartobeashealthyasmen.Thatis,theyreportfarmoreillnesses.Butwhenamanreportsanillness,itismorelikelytobeserious.Someresearchershavesuggestedthatmenmaydieearlybecausetheirhealthismorestronglyrelatedtotheiremotions.Forexample,mentendtodiesoonerafterlosingaspousethanwomendo.Menevenseemtobemoreweakenedbylossofajob.(Bothofthesearelinkedwithamarkeddecreaseintheeffectivenessoftheimmunesystem.)Amongmen,deathfollowsretirementwithanalarmingpromptness.Perhapswearesearchingfortheanswerstooclosetothesurfaceoftheproblem.Perhapstheanswersliedeeperinourbiologicalheritage.Afterall,thephenomenonisnotisolatedtohumans.Femaleshavetheedgeamongvirtuallyallmammalian(哺乳動物的)species,inthattheygenerallylivelonger.Furthermore,inmanyofthesespeciesthedifferencesbeginatthemomentofconception;therearemoremalemiscarriages（流产）.Inhuman,afterbirth,morebabyboysthanbabygirlsdie.37.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Men’slifespanremainsalmostunchanged.B．ResearchershavefoundthecauseoftheagegapC．Themoreadvancedasociety,thegreatertheagegap.D．Theagegapwasnoticedonlyrecently.38.AsissuggestedinParagraph2,thetwofactorsrelevanttowomen’slongerlifespanare____.A．diseasesandroadaccidentsB．industrializationandworkstrainsC．theirimmunitytoheartdiseaseandrefusalofalcoholD．theirenduranceofworkstrainsandreluctanceforadventure39.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A．Thegreatnumberofmalesmokerscontributestotheagegap.B．Thegrowingnumberofsmokingwomenwillnarrowtheagegap.C．Femaleworkersaremorelikelytosmokethanmakeworkers.D．Smokingdoesnotseemtoaffectwomen’slongevity.40.Whichofthefollowingphenomenamakesresearcherspuzzled?A．Men’shealthismorecloselyrelatedtotheiremotions.B．Thoughmoreliabletoillnesses,womenstilllivelonger.C．Menshowworsesymptomsthanwomenwhentheyfallill.D．Quiteanumberofmendiesoonaftertheirretirement.41.Theword“edge”inParagraph6means“_____”.A．marginB．sideC．advantageD．quality42.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Thegreaterlongevityofwomenremainsamystery.B．Thatwomenarehealthierthanmenwellexplainstheirlongevity.C．Peoplearelivinglongerasaresultofindustrialization.D．Womenarelessemotionallyaffectedbydifficultiesinlife.PassageThreeManyareawareofthetremendouswasteofenergyinourenvironment,butfailtotakeadvantageofstraightforwardopportunitiestoconservethatenergy.Forexample,everyoneknowsthatlightsshouldbeswitchedoffwhennooneisinanoffice.Similarly,whenemployeesarenotusingameetingroom,thereisnoneedtoregulatetemperature.Fortunately,oneneednotrelyonhumaninterventiontoconserveenergy.Withthehelpofsmartsensingandnetworktechnology,energyconservationprocessessuchasturningofflightsandadjustingtemperaturecanbereadilyautomated.Ultimately,thistechnologywillenableconsumersandplantmanagerstobetteridentifywastefulenergyuseandinstituteproceduresthatleadtosmarterandmoreefficienthomes,buildingsandindustrialplants.Untilnow,wiresandcablesforpowerandconnectivityhavelimitedthewidespreadadoptionofsensor(传感器)networksbymakingthemdifficultandexpensivetoinstallandmaintain.Battery-poweredwirelessnetworkscansimplifyinstallationandreducecost.Buttheirhighpowerconsumptionandthecorrespondingneedforregularbatteryreplacementhasmadewirelessnetworksdifficultandcostlytomaintain.Nobodywantstoreplacehundredsorthousandsofwindowsensorbatteriesinalargebuildingonaregularbasis.Thepromiseofwirelesssensornetworkscanonlybefullyrealizedwhenthewiringforboththedatacommunicationandthepowersupplyiseliminated.Doingsorequiresatruebattery-freewirelesssolution,onethatcanutilizeenergyharvesteddirectlyfromtheenvironments.Tofacilitatethewidespreaddeploymentofwirelesssensornetworks,GreenPeakhasdevelopedanultra-low-powercommunicationtechnologythatcanutilizeenvironmentalenergysourcessuchaslight,motionandvibration.Thistechnology,employingon-boardpowermanagementcircuitsandcomputersoftwaretomonitorenergyharvestersandmakethebestuseofharvestedenergy,enablessensorstooperatereliablyinabattery-freeenvironment.Wirelesssensornetworksdeployedinourofficesandhomeswillhaveanenormousimpactonourdailylives,helpingtobuildasmarterworldinwhichenergyisrecycledandfullyutilized.Thesewirelessplatforms,equippedwithadvancedsensingcapability,willenableustobettercontrolourlives,homesandenvironment,creatingatrulyconnectedworldthatenablespeopleworldwidetoliveinamorecomfortable,safer,andcleanerenvironment.43.By“humanintervention”(Paragraph2),theauthorrefersto_____.A．thereductionofgreatenergywasteintheenvironmentB．thegraspingofstraightforwardopportunitiesavailableC．actsliketurningofflightswhennooneisintheroomD．theadoptionofsmartsensingandnetworktechnology44.Batteriesarenotanidealenergysourceforsensornetworksbecausethey____.A．havetobereplacedfromtimetotimeB．containmetalsthatpollutetheenvironmentC．requireautomaticrechargingD．aredifficultandcostlytomaintain45.Battery-freewirelesssensornetworksaremadepossiblebythefactthat_____.A．thereisenergyintheenvironmenttobeutilizedB．thecostofusingthemhasbeendrasticallyreducedC．moderndatacommunicationconsumeslittleenergyD．theirmaintenancehasbeengreatlysimplified46.Accordingtothepassage,GreenPeak_____.A．isthefirstcompanytoinstallwirelesssensornetworksB．promotestheapplicationofwirelesssensornetworksC．suppliesbatteriesoperatingonharvestedenergyD．benefitshandsomelyfromcommunicationtechnology47.ThefocusofParagraph4isonthe_____.A．replacementofbatteriesinharvestersB．monitoringofenergyharvestedfromtheenvironmentC．eliminationofbatteriesinsensornetworksD．impactofsensornetworksonpowersupply48.Wirelesssensornetworkspromiseto____.A．bringbusinesseshighprofitsB．furtherdevelopthesensingtechnologyC．turnmotionintoamajorsourceofenergyD．improvethedailylivesofpeopleworldwidePassageFourIfyouhaven’theardorseenanythingaboutRoadRageinthelastfewmonthyou’veprobablybeenavoidingthemedia.Therehavebeencountlessstoriesaboutthenewandscaryphenomenon,consideredatypeofaggressivedriving.Youhavemorelikelyencounteredaggressivedrivingand/orRoadRagerecentlyifyoudriveatall.Whiledrunkdrivingremainsacriticalproblem,thefactsaboutaggressivedrivingaresurelyasdisturbing.Forinstance,accordingtotheNationalHighwayTransportationSafetyAssociation,41,907peoplediedonthehighwaylastyear.Ofthosefatalities,theagencyestimatesthatabouttwo-thirdswerecausedatleastinpartbyaggressivedrivingbehavior.Whyisthisphenomenonoccurringmorethanevernow,andwhyisitsomethingthatseemedalmostnonexistentafewshortyearsago?Expertshaveseveraltheories,andallareprobablypartiallycorrect.Onesuggestionissheertoovercrowding.Inthelastdecade,thenumberofcarsontheroadshasincreasedbymorethan11percents,andthenumberofmilesdrivenhasincreasedby35percent.However,thenumberofnewroadmileshasonlyincreaseby1percent.Thatmeansmorecarsinthesameamountofspace;andtheproblemismagnifiedinurbanareas.Also,peoplehavelesstimeandmorethingstodo.Withpeopleworkingandtryingtofitextrachores(琐事)andactivitiesintotheday,stresslevelshaveneverbeenhigher.Stresscreatesanxiety,whichleadstoshorttempers.Thesefactors,whencombinedincertainsituations,canspellRoadRage.Youmaythinkyouarethelastpersonwhowoulddriveaggressively,butyoumightbesurprised.Forinstance,haveyoueveryelledoutloudataslowerdriver,soundedthehornlongandhardatanothercar,orspeduptokeepanotherdriverfromassign?Ifyourecognizeyourselfinanyofthesesituations,watchout!Whetheryouaregettingangryatotherdrivers,oranotherdriverisvisiblyupsetwithyou,therearethingsyoucandotoavoidanymajorconfrontation.IfyouaresceptibletoRoadRage,thekeyistodischargeyouremotioninahealthyway.Ifyouarethetargetofanotherdriver’srage,doeverythingpossibletogetawayfromtheotherdriversafety,includingavoidingeyecontactandgettingoutoftheirway.49.ThefirstsentenceinParagraph1impliesthat_____.A．peoplenotinterestedinthemediaknowlittleaboutrecenthappeningsB．RoadRagehasreceivedmuchmediacoverageinthelastfewmonthsC．onemayberagedbymediareportsandwantstoavoidthemD．themediacoinedtheterm“RoadRage”onlyafewmonthsago50.AccordingtotheNationalHighwayTransportationSafetyAssociation,lastyear_____.A．drunkdrivingremainedtheNo.1killeronthehighwayB．morepeoplewerekilledbyaggressivedrivingthanbydrunkdrivingC．twothirdsofdriverswerekilledbyaggressivedrivingD．41,907peoplefellvictimtoaggressivedriving51.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacauseofaggressivedriving?A．IncreasingnumberofcarsB．Drivers’stressandanxietyC．OvercrowdedroadsD．Rushhourtraffic52.Theword“spell”inParagraph3means”_____”.A．speakB．causeC．describeD．spare53.Whichofthefollowingcharacterizesaggressivedriving?A．TalkingwhiledrivingB．DrivingfastC．YellingatanotherdriverD．Soundingthehornwhenpassing54.Thelastparagraphisintendedto_____.A．tellpeoplehowtocopewithRoadRageB．informpeoplehowaggressivedriverscouldbeC．tellpeoplehowtocontrolthemselveswhenangryD．warnpeopleagainsteyecontactwithanotherdriverPassageFiveIntheearly20thcentury,ahorsenamedCleverHanswasbelievedcapableofcountingandotherimpressivementaltasks.Afteryearsofgreatperformance,psychologistsdiscoveredthatthoughHanswascertainlyclever,hewasnotcleverinthewayeveryoneexpected.Thehorsewascleverlypickingupontiny,unintentionalbodilyandfacialsignalsgivenoutnotonlybyhistrainer,butalsobytheaudience.Awareofthe“CleverHans”effect,LisaLitattheUniversityofCaliforniaandhercolleagueswonderedwhetherthebeliefsofprofessionaldoghandlersmightsimilarlyaffecttheoutcomesofsearchersfordrugsandexplosives.Remarkably,DrLitfound,theydo.DrLitasked18professionaldoghandlersandtheirdogstocompletebriefsearches.Beforethesearches,thehandlerswereinformedthatsomeofthesearchareamightcontainuptothreetargetscents,andalsothatintwocasesthosescentswouldbemarkedbypiecesofredpaper.Whatthehandlerswerenottoldwasthatnoneofthesearchareascontainedthescentsofeitherdrugsorexplosives.Any“detections”madebytheteamsthushadtobefalse.Thefindingsrevealsthatof144searches,only21wereclean(noalerts).Alltheothersraisedonealertormore.Intotal,theteamsraised225alerts.WhilethesheernumberoffalsealertsstuckDrLitasfascinating,itwaswheretheytookplacethatwasofgreatestinterest.Whenhandlerscouldseearedpieceofpaper,allegedlymarkingalocationofinterest,theyweremuchmorelikelytosaythattheirdogssignaledanalert.Thehumanhandlerswerenotonlydistractedonalmosteveryoccasionbythestimulusaimedatthem,butalsotransmittedthatdistractiontotheiranimals—whorespondedaccordingly.Tomixmetaphors,thedogswerecrying“wolf”attheunconscioussignaloftheirhandlers.Howmuchthatmattersintherealworldisunclear.Butitmight.Ifahandler,forexample,unconsciously“profiled”peoplebeingsniffedbyadrug,orexplosive-detectingdogatanairport,falsepositivecouldabound.Thatisnotonlybadforinnocenttravelers,butmightdistracttheteamfromcatchingtheguilty.55.WhatdidpsychologistsfindoutaboutCleverHans?A．Hewasascleveraspeopleclaimed.B．Hewasreallygoodatcounting.C．Hecouldunderstandhumanlanguage.D．Hemerelyrespondedtohumansignals.56.LisaLitandhercolleagues____.A．questionedthe“CleverHans”effectB．discoveredthe“CleverHans”effectC．confirmedthe“CleverHans”effectD．rejectedthe“CleverHans”effect57.Thedoghandlerslearnedbeforethesearchesthat____.A．eachsearchareacontainedthreetargetscentsB．therewasactuallynotargetscentinthesearchareaC．sometargetscentsmaybelabeledwithaspecialmarkD．theirdogswereexpectedtofindthescentsofredpaper58.Whatwasmostsignificantabouttheexperiment,accordingtoDrLit?A．ThelocationofthefalsealertsB．TheregularityofthefalsealertsC．ThenumberofthefalsealertsD．Thetimingofthefalsealerts59.Itcanbeconcludedfromtheexperimentthat____.A．doghandlersaremorelikelytobedistractedthantheirdogsB．dogsmayactinresponsetotheirhandlers’bodilysignalsC．thecooperationbetweendogsandtheirhandlersiskeytosuccessD．well-traineddogscanbetterunderstandtheirhandlers’signals60.TheauthorthinksthatDrLit’sfindings_____.A.shouldraiseourconcerninreallifeB．maynotbeusefulinrealsituationsC．shouldbebackedupbyfurtherevidenceD．willbewidelyappliedinthenearfuturePartIVCloze(15minutes,15points,1foreach)Zooshavebecomeanimportantsiteforthepreservationandprotectionofwildliferesources,__61__thosespeciesthatareendangered．__62__,manyzoosdisplayedliveanimalsforpublicentertainment．Presentlysomezooshavebecomescientificandeducational__63__thathavecontributedtotheunderstandingandconservationofwildanimalpopulations．__64__thechallengesfacingmodernzoosarethecostofupgradingoldfacilities,thestruggletoobtain__65__operatingfunds,andtheneedtoattractmorevisitorstonewandentertainingexhibits．Many__66__zoosinAmericancitieshaveundergonerenovation(翻新)duringthelastdecadesofthetwentiethcentury．Amongtherecenttrendsinzoo__67__istheconstructionofnewenclosuresthatresemblenaturalhabitats(栖息地)．Thereplacementoftraditionalsteelbarsandconcretefloors__68__appropriatelydesignedsurroundingsimprovesvisitorappreciationoftheanimals．Suchrenovationsmay__69__stressonanimalsandallowthemtointeractwithoneanothermorenaturally．Severalmajorzoosconductcaptivepropagationprograms．Acaptivepropagationprogramincludesthebreedingof__70__zooorwildanimalstoobtainoffspring,usuallyforreleaseto__71__orfortransfertootherzoos．Captivebreedingisonemethodof__72__somespeciesfromextinction．Zooshaveexpandedandimprovedpubliceducationprogramsalso,witheducationdepartmentsthatdevelopprograms73zooexhibits．Publicactivitiesincludein-schoolprograms,zootours,specialevents,andwebsites．TheZoologicalSocietyofNewYork,forexample,conductedamajorprojectwithaWesternAfricangovernmenttomonitoranelephantherd74itmovedthroughoutitsrange．Theimportanceofzooswillincreaseasnaturalhabitatsarediminishing．Throughtheirefforts75conservation,education,andenvironmentaladvocacy,zooswillcontinuetoplayacriticalroleinwildlifepreservationthroughouttheworld．61．A．superficiallyB．especiallyC．importantlyD．supposedly62．A．BythattimeB．BythetimeC．AtonetimeD．Atthattime63．A．institutionsB．associationsC．foundationsD．corporation64．A．AlongB．ForwardC．AmongD．Through65．A．limitedB．professionalC．sufficientD．excessive66．A．newerB．olderC．formerD．later67．A．managementB．improvementC．achievementD．assessment68．A．underB．forC．intoD．with69．A．reduceB．causeC．increaseD．avoid70．A．selectedB．sustainedC．promisingD．surviving71．A．naturalB．thenaturalC．wildD．thewild72．A．restrainingB．savingC．shelteringD．exempting73．A．attributedtoB．opposedtoC．referredtoD．relatedto74．A．asB．asifC．soD．sothat75．A．insteadofB．inhonorofC．insupportofD．inchargeof卷二PaperTwo(60minutes)PartITranslation(30minutes,20points,10foreachsection)SectionAOvertheyears,wetendtothinkt