北师大版必修1《unit 2 heroes》同步练习卷（课时作业）

北师大版必修1《Unit2Heroes》同步练习卷（课时作业）巩固练阅读理解1．TheMelbourneMagicFestivalinAustraliaattractscrazyfansofallagestotheArtsCentreMelbourne.TheannualeventincludestheJuniorChampionshipsofMagic，ashowcaseforAustralia'spromisingmagiciansundertheageof18.Thecompetitorsin2018includedNicolaGidley，16，whocompetedinboththestagemagicandclose﹣upmagiccompetitions.Forherstageact，Nicolaperformedmind﹣bendingtrickswithRubik'sCubes.Herimpressiveroutinesearnedherthirdprizeinbothcompetitions.Nicolaenteredtheworldofmagicwhenshewasjust12，almostbychance.Afterinjuringherkneeplayingcricket，Nicolaneededsurgery.Thisleftheroncrutchesforthreemonths.Withnothingtodo，"shesaid."ThenImovedontobiggerandbetterthings，suchastrickswithrabbitsanddoves."Nicola'shardworkhasbeenpayingoff.Justlastyear，shewasawardedafullscholarshiptothewell﹣knownTannen'sMagicCampinPennsylvania.Thecampissituatedina"HarryPotter﹣likecastle"，NicolaexplainedSteppingonstageinfrontofanaudiencecanbeworrying，Nicolaacknowledged."Butwitheachshow，"sheaddedWhenaskedforadviceforambitiousmagicians，Nicolasaid，"Performanychanceyouget.Themoreexperienceyouhaveonstageinfrontofanaudience（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"mind﹣bending"inParagraph2mean？A.Ridiculous.B.Sensitive.C.Flexible.D.Exciting.（2）HowdidNicolabegintolearnmagic？A.Bywatchingvideos.B.Byfollowingmagicians.C.Byattendingclasses.D.ByjoiningMagicCamp.（3）WhatmadeNicolabecomeanexcellentmagician？A.Crazyfans.B.Herhardwork.C.Herluck.D.Goodstages.（4）WhatdoesNicola'sadviceimplyinthelastparagraph？A.Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.B.Seeingisbelieving.C.Practicemakesperfect.D.Wellbegunishalfdone.2．OnSaturdayevening，CCTVshowedacomputer﹣generatedimageoftheChang'e3lander'spathasitapproachedthesurfaceofthemoon，sayingthatduringthelandingperioditneededtohavenocontactwithEarth.Asitwasjusthundredsofmetersawaythelander'scamerabroadcastimagesofthemoon'ssurface.TheChang'e3'ssolarpanels，whichareusedtoabsorbsunlighttogeneratepower，openedsoonafterthelanding.Themissionblastedoff（发射），or"JadeRabbit"inEnglish，isnamedafterthegoddess'pet.China'smilitary﹣backedspaceprogramhasmademuchprogressinarelativelyshorttime，althoughitisbehindtheUnitedStatesandRussiaintechnologyandexperience.Chinasentitsfirstastronautintospacein2003，becomingthethirdnationafterRussiaandtheUnitedStatestoachievemannedspacetravelindependently.In2006，itsentitsfirstprobe（探测器）"Theyaretakingtheirtimewithgettingtoknowabouthowtoflyhumansintospace，howtobuildspacestations，howtoexplorethesolarsystem，andIthinkoverthenext10﹣20yearsthey'llcertainlybematchingRussiaandAmericainthisareaandmaybeovertakingtheminsomeareas."（1）Whatisthistextmainlyabout？A.Anunknownflyingobject.B.Chinaismakingprogressinthespaceexploration.C.China'sintentionoftakingoverthespace.D.HowwillChang'e3besentintospace？（2）Accordingtothetext，whatisthe"JadeRabbit"？A.Someone'spet.B.AgoddessinChina'smyth.C.Thenameofthecarrierrocket.D.ThenameoftherovervehicleofChang'e3.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inthethirdparagraphreferto？A.China.B.Russia.C.theUnitedStates.D.thespacestation.（4）Whydoestheauthorquote（引用）someone'swordsinthelastparagraph？A.Todiscussothercountries'progressinspaceexploration.B.Totellreadersmoreaboutwhyweshouldexplorethespace.C.ToarguewhetherChinaisgoingtobenefitfromspaceprogramme.D.ToexplainthatChinawillsucceedinthefieldofspaceexploration.阅读填句3．Livingtotheripeoldageof90maydependonyourbodysize﹣bothheightandweight﹣aswellasyourlevelofphysicalactivity，andgeeingtoinfluenceawoman'slifespanmorethanitdoesaman's.Thestudyfoundwomenwholivedto90were，onaverage，tallerandhadputonlessweightsincetheageof20ascomparedtowomenwhowereshorterandheavier.（1）However，mensawmorebenefitfromphysicalactivitythanwomen.In1986researchersaskedover7，000Norwegianmenandwomenbetweenage55and69abouttheirheight，currentweight（2）Themenandwomenwerethensortedintodailyactivityquotas：lessthan30minutes，30to60minutes，and90minutesormore.Menandwomeninthestudyfaredverydifferentlywhenitcametotheimpactofbodysizeandexercise.Womenwhoweighedlessatage20andputonlessweightastheyagedweremorelikelytolivelongerthanheavierwomen.（3）Thestudyfoundwomenwhoweretallerthan5feet9incheswere31%morelikelytoliveintotheir90sthanwomenwhowerelessthan5feet3inches.（4）Menwhospent90minutesadayormorebeingactivewere39%morelikelytoliveto90thanmenwhowerephysicallyactiveforlessthan30minutes.However，womenwhowerephysicallyactiveformorethan60minutesadaywereonly21%morelikelytoliveto90thanthosewhodid30minutesorless.Andunlikemen，therewasnobonusforincreasingactivity.（5）A.Heightplayedamajorfactor.B.Nosuchassociationwasseenformen.C.Thestudywasobservationalandcouldn'testablishcause.D.Infact，thestudyfoundthattheoptimallevelofactivityforwomenwas60minutesaday.E.Neitherheightnorweightseemedtofactorintowhetherthemenreachedtheir90s，butactivityleveldid.F.Inaddition，foreach30minutesadaythemenwereactive，theywere5%morelikelytoreachthatage.G.Andtheyincludeddogwalking，gardening，homeimprovements语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。4．ThefireatNotreDameCathedralinParishasraisedquestionsabouttheconditionofthousandsofothercathedralsandhistoric（1）（structure）acrossEurope.ItalsoraisesquestionsaboutwhetherEuropeangovernmentsaredoingenough（2）（keep）upandcareforsuchbuildings.TiborNavracsics，theEuropeanUnion'stopcultureofficial，toldTheAssociatedPressthat"wearesousedtoouroutstandingculturalheritagethatwetendtoforgetthatit（3）（need）constantcareandattention."Somepeoplesaythefirewasawake﹣upcall，notjustforEurope，（4）thewholeworld.Largefireshavelongrobbedhumanity（5）knowledge，artandtreasures.In2015，theGermanengineeringcompanySiemens（6）（find）thatScotlandhadaboutten（7）（damage）firesayear，whileEnglandlostatleastadozenlistedbuildingsayear.InGermany，seventyhistoricbuildingshavebeen（8）（heavy）damagedsince2000.Expertssaythat（9）isneedediscontinuousattentionandmaintenance.Somesayworld﹣renownedmonumentslikeNotreDamearethedrivingforcebehindtourismandshouldgetmorerespect.Quaedvlieg﹣Mihailovicis，whoheadstheheritagegroupEuropaNostra，notedthe（10）（important）ofsuchrespect."Culturalheritageisagoldmine.Youcannotexploititandthenjustleavethemineandgotoanotherone."shesaid.提升练阅读理解5．StefanoBoeri，theItalianarchitect，famousforhisBoscoVerticale，introducedhisnewplanstopioneerasimilarprojectintheChinesecityofNanjing.TheChineseversionofBoeri'sBoscoVerticale，orverticalforest，willbehisfirstprojectinAsia.Theprojectwillconsistoftwoneighboringtowersthatwillbecoatedwith23differentspeciesoftreesandmorethan2，aswellasamuseumandevenagreenarchitectureschool.Thetowersarecurrentlyunderconstructionandaresetforcompletionwithinthenextyear.Buttwobuildingsaren'tenoughfortheambitiousBoeriashenowhasevenbolderplansforChinatocreate"forestcities"inacountrythathasbecomeknownasanurbancenterchokingonpoisonousgasesanddust.Inaninterviewabouthisplansto"greenify"thecityandcountryBoerisaid，"Wehavebeenaskedtodesignanentirecitywhereyoudon'tonlyhaveonetallbuilding，butyouhave100or200buildingsofdifferentsizes，"Weareworkingveryseriouslyondesigningallthedifferentbuildings.Ithinktheywillstarttobuildattheendofthisyear.By2020wecouldimaginehavingthefirstforestcityinChina."AlthoughthesetowerswilllendahugehandindecreasingairpollutioninChina'seasterncity，Boerihassaid，itwilltakemorethanapairoftree﹣coveredskyscraperstoreallysolveChina'spollutioncrisis.ThisiswhytheItalianarchitecthopestorepeathisdesigninotherpartsofthecountry（1）Boeri'sprojectiscalledverticalforestbecausebuildingsarebuilt.A.inathickforestfulloftreesandgreenplantsB.inacitywheretreesandgreenplantsaregrownC.withtreesandbusheshangingdowntheirsidesD.withtreesandplantsgrowingaroundlikeaforest（2）Moreforestcitieswillbebuiltforthepurposeof.A.enlargingpeople'slivingspaceintheurbanareasB.offeringauniquesolutiontopollutionproblemsC.makingthebestofemptyspacearoundabuildingD.beautifyingacitywhichislikeaforestofbuildings（3）FromthepassageweknowBoeri'sfirstprojectinAsiawill.A.stillkeeptheoriginalfunctionsverywellB.raisepeople'sawarenessofforestprotectionC.gainhimworldwiderecognitionasanarchitectD.enjoyabetterappearanceinacrowdedcity（4）WhatisBoeri'sambition？A.Tofurtherreducetheconstructioncost.B.Toimprovehisdesignformorefunctions.C.TohelptotallysolveChina'spollutionproblems.D.TohavemoreBoscoVerticalesaroundtheworld.完形填空ThefirstreviewIevergotformywritinghappenedinthemiddleofthenight.Iwasayoungadolescent（6）thepainsandtrailsofbeingateenager.IknewtooIhadbeena（7）manytimestobothmyMomandmyDad.Oneday，however，Irealizedjusthow（8）myparentshadbeentomeduringthistimeandinfactformywholelife.Iwastoo（9）totellthemhowmuchI（10）them，facetoface，soearlierthateveningIhadpouredmy（11）intoaletterandplaceditwhereIknewtheywould（12）findit.ThenIwenttobed.Hourslatermyparentsburstintomyroom，（13）meawake，andhuggedme.Iwasin（14）.Ididn'tknowwhatwasgoingonuntilIsawthe（15）inmyMom'shand.ItwasoneofthefewtimesIcouldeverrememberseeing（16）inmyDad'seyes.Ididn'tknowwhattosayasIsawtheloveandjoy（17）theirfaces.Ijusthuggedthembackandblinkedmy（18）eyesastheyheldme.Mysimplenotehad（19）theminwaysthatIcouldn'tthenunderstand.AllIknewwasthatithadmadethem（20）andthatwasenough.Istillcarrythat（21）inaspecialplaceinmyheart.It（22）meagainandagainofthe（23）ofasingleactoflove.NowritingreviewIhaveevergottenhasmeantasmuchasthatfirstonedid.ItputmeonapaththatIamstill（24）today.Itshowedmethatinthislifetheonlythingthattruly（25）islove.（6）A．resultinginB．goingthroughC．recoveringfromD．caringabout（7）A．creditB．honorC．comfortD．pain（8）A．supportiveB．modestC．enthusiasticD．energetic（9）A．stubbornB．sensitiveC．shyD．cautious（10）A．owedB．lovedC．impressedD．entertained（11）A．heartB．complaintC．argumentD．idea（12）A．luckilyB．obviouslyC．eventuallyD．magically（13）A．foundB．keptC．leftD．shook（14）A．silenceB．shockC．dangerD．trouble（15）A．letterB．giftC．quiltD．medicine（16）A．doubtsB．disappointsC．surprisesD．tears（17）A．inB．aboveC．acrossD．with（18）A．curiousB．sleepyC．angryD．dull（19）A．influencedB．worriedC．touchedD．confused（20）A．happyB．proudC．angryD．admirable（21）A．pityB．burdenC．regretD．memory（22）A．approvesB．warnsC．remindsD．informs（23）A．powerB．meaningC．symbolD．loss（24）A．clearingB．travelingC．openingD．paving（25）A．survivesB．reactsC．existsD．matters短文改错26．Afterschool，asusual，Iwentbackhome.Onthebus，Irosefrommyseatandgaveitawaywithouthesitationtoherandthebaby.Shethankedusseveraltimessincerely，thatmademefeelextremelyproud.Irealizedmylittlefavorcouldrealmakeadifferencetoapersonwhowasbadlyinneedofit.Arrivedhome应用文写作27．假定你是高三学生李华．你作为交换生要到英国学习，你的好友Peter要去机场接你，却因天降大雪，要点如下：1．说明原因；2．另约时间；3．表达感谢．注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．

北师大版必修1《Unit2Heroes》同步练习卷（课时作业）参考答案与试题解析巩固练阅读理解1．TheMelbourneMagicFestivalinAustraliaattractscrazyfansofallagestotheArtsCentreMelbourne.TheannualeventincludestheJuniorChampionshipsofMagic，ashowcaseforAustralia'spromisingmagiciansundertheageof18.Thecompetitorsin2018includedNicolaGidley，16，whocompetedinboththestagemagicandclose﹣upmagiccompetitions.Forherstageact，Nicolaperformedmind﹣bendingtrickswithRubik'sCubes.Herimpressiveroutinesearnedherthirdprizeinbothcompetitions.Nicolaenteredtheworldofmagicwhenshewasjust12，almostbychance.Afterinjuringherkneeplayingcricket，Nicolaneededsurgery.Thisleftheroncrutchesforthreemonths.Withnothingtodo，"shesaid."ThenImovedontobiggerandbetterthings，suchastrickswithrabbitsanddoves."Nicola'shardworkhasbeenpayingoff.Justlastyear，shewasawardedafullscholarshiptothewell﹣knownTannen'sMagicCampinPennsylvania.Thecampissituatedina"HarryPotter﹣likecastle"，NicolaexplainedSteppingonstageinfrontofanaudiencecanbeworrying，Nicolaacknowledged."Butwitheachshow，"sheaddedWhenaskedforadviceforambitiousmagicians，Nicolasaid，"Performanychanceyouget.Themoreexperienceyouhaveonstageinfrontofanaudience（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"mind﹣bending"inParagraph2mean？DA.Ridiculous.B.Sensitive.C.Flexible.D.Exciting.（2）HowdidNicolabegintolearnmagic？AA.Bywatchingvideos.B.Byfollowingmagicians.C.Byattendingclasses.D.ByjoiningMagicCamp.（3）WhatmadeNicolabecomeanexcellentmagician？BA.Crazyfans.B.Herhardwork.C.Herluck.D.Goodstages.（4）WhatdoesNicola'sadviceimplyinthelastparagraph？CA.Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.B.Seeingisbelieving.C.Practicemakesperfect.D.Wellbegunishalfdone.【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了澳大利亚的16岁女孩NicolaGidley，12岁开始玩魔术，在2018年的墨尔本魔术节中获得青少年组三等奖，她给了有志成为魔术师的人一些宝贵的建议。【解答】（1）D.词义猜测题。根据第二段最后两句Forclose﹣up，Nicolamind﹣bendingwithCubes.Herroutinesherprizeboth，尼古拉用魔方表演了_______的魔术。可知"mind﹣bending"意思是"激动人心的"；sensitive敏锐的；exciting激动人心的。（2）A.细节理解题。根据第三段中的Nicolatheofwhenwas12byinjuringkneecricketneededleftonformonths.Withto，sheapackcardsbegan"learntricksYouTube，"said.Imovedtoandthingsaswithand"尼古拉在12岁时就进入了魔法世界。尼科拉在打板球时膝盖受伤。这让她拄了三个月的拐杖，她找到了一副纸牌，"她说，比如玩兔子和鸽子的把戏，Nicola在打板球膝盖受伤后，这让她用拐杖走了三个月，她找到了一包卡片。YouTube是视频网站。（3）B.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句Nicola'shardworkhasbeenpayingoff.尼古拉的努力得到了回报，Nicola的艰苦的努力使她在魔术表演中取得成功。（4）C.推理判断题。根据最后一段Nicola所给的建议Performanychanceyouget.Themoreexperienceyouhaveonstageinfrontofanaudience。在观众面前，你就越能成为一名出色的表演者和魔术师。A"有志者事竟成"；C"熟能生巧"。故选C。【点评】阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。2．OnSaturdayevening，CCTVshowedacomputer﹣generatedimageoftheChang'e3lander'spathasitapproachedthesurfaceofthemoon，sayingthatduringthelandingperioditneededtohavenocontactwithEarth.Asitwasjusthundredsofmetersawaythelander'scamerabroadcastimagesofthemoon'ssurface.TheChang'e3'ssolarpanels，whichareusedtoabsorbsunlighttogeneratepower，openedsoonafterthelanding.Themissionblastedoff（发射），or"JadeRabbit"inEnglish，isnamedafterthegoddess'pet.China'smilitary﹣backedspaceprogramhasmademuchprogressinarelativelyshorttime，althoughitisbehindtheUnitedStatesandRussiaintechnologyandexperience.Chinasentitsfirstastronautintospacein2003，becomingthethirdnationafterRussiaandtheUnitedStatestoachievemannedspacetravelindependently.In2006，itsentitsfirstprobe（探测器）"Theyaretakingtheirtimewithgettingtoknowabouthowtoflyhumansintospace，howtobuildspacestations，howtoexplorethesolarsystem，andIthinkoverthenext10﹣20yearsthey'llcertainlybematchingRussiaandAmericainthisareaandmaybeovertakingtheminsomeareas."（1）Whatisthistextmainlyabout？BA.Anunknownflyingobject.B.Chinaismakingprogressinthespaceexploration.C.China'sintentionoftakingoverthespace.D.HowwillChang'e3besentintospace？（2）Accordingtothetext，whatisthe"JadeRabbit"？DA.Someone'spet.B.AgoddessinChina'smyth.C.Thenameofthecarrierrocket.D.ThenameoftherovervehicleofChang'e3.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inthethirdparagraphreferto？AA.China.B.Russia.C.theUnitedStates.D.thespacestation.（4）Whydoestheauthorquote（引用）someone'swordsinthelastparagraph？DA.Todiscussothercountries'progressinspaceexploration.B.Totellreadersmoreaboutwhyweshouldexplorethespace.C.ToarguewhetherChinaisgoingtobenefitfromspaceprogramme.D.ToexplainthatChinawillsucceedinthefieldofspaceexploration.【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是中国在太空探索方面正在取得进展，中国将在太空探索领域方面取得更大的成功。【解答】（1）B.主旨大意题。根据文中"TheChang'e3'ssolarpanels，中国军方支持的太空计划"和最后一段中"Theyaretakingtheirtimewithgettingtoknowabouthowtoflyhumansintospace，especiallythemoonandMars.Theyaremakingbigadvancements.他们正在花时间了解如何将人类送入太空，如何探索太阳系。他们正在取得重大进展，中国在太空探索方面正在取得进展。（2）D.细节理解题。根据第二段中"The3'spanelsaretosunlightgenerate，openedafterlanding.Theblasted（发射）southwestononaMarch﹣6Brocket.Itnamedamythicalgoddesstheand"Yutu"vehicle"Jadein，isaftergoddess'。12月2日。它以中国神话中的月亮女神命名，英文为"JadeRabbit"。"可知。故选D。（3）A.词义指代题。根据第三段第一句"China'smilitary﹣backedspaceprogramhasmademuchprogressinarelativelyshorttimeitisbehindtheUnitedStatesandRussiaintechnologyandexperience.中国军方支持的太空计划在相对较短的时间内取得了很大进展，尽管在技术和经验上落后于美国和俄罗斯。故选A。（4）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段中"Theyaremakingbigadvancements，我认为在接下来的10到20年里，并可能在某些领域超越他们，作者在最后一段引用别人的话是为了解释中国将在太空探索领域取得成功。【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。阅读填句3．Livingtotheripeoldageof90maydependonyourbodysize﹣bothheightandweight﹣aswellasyourlevelofphysicalactivity，andgeeingtoinfluenceawoman'slifespanmorethanitdoesaman's.Thestudyfoundwomenwholivedto90were，onaverage，tallerandhadputonlessweightsincetheageof20ascomparedtowomenwhowereshorterandheavier.（1）BHowever，mensawmorebenefitfromphysicalactivitythanwomen.In1986researchersaskedover7，000Norwegianmenandwomenbetweenage55and69abouttheirheight，currentweight（2）GThemenandwomenwerethensortedintodailyactivityquotas：lessthan30minutes，30to60minutes，and90minutesormore.Menandwomeninthestudyfaredverydifferentlywhenitcametotheimpactofbodysizeandexercise.Womenwhoweighedlessatage20andputonlessweightastheyagedweremorelikelytolivelongerthanheavierwomen.（3）AThestudyfoundwomenwhoweretallerthan5feet9incheswere31%morelikelytoliveintotheir90sthanwomenwhowerelessthan5feet3inches.（4）EMenwhospent90minutesadayormorebeingactivewere39%morelikelytoliveto90thanmenwhowerephysicallyactiveforlessthan30minutes.However，womenwhowerephysicallyactiveformorethan60minutesadaywereonly21%morelikelytoliveto90thanthosewhodid30minutesorless.Andunlikemen，therewasnobonusforincreasingactivity.（5）DA.Heightplayedamajorfactor.B.Nosuchassociationwasseenformen.C.Thestudywasobservationalandcouldn'testablishcause.D.Infact，thestudyfoundthattheoptimallevelofactivityforwomenwas60minutesaday.E.Neitherheightnorweightseemedtofactorintowhetherthemenreachedtheir90s，butactivityleveldid.F.Inaddition，foreach30minutesadaythemenwereactive，theywere5%morelikelytoreachthatage.G.Andtheyincludeddogwalking，gardening，homeimprovements【分析】本文是一篇选句填空，文章讲述的是人的寿命取决于哪些因素。活到90岁的高龄可能取决于你的身高和体重以及你的身体活动水平，并且鼓励会影响一个女人的寿命比影响一个男性的寿命更多。【解答】（1）B．承接上文题，on average，平均而言，更不易发胖、更重的女性相比，因此B项"Nosuchassociationwasseenformen.没有见过这样的男人协会，故选B。（2）G．理解判断题，承接上文，gardening，walking or biking to work and sports.他们包括遛狗、家庭环境的改善。"符合语境。（3）A．文章衔接题，有31%更有可能活到90多。"符合语境。（4）E．联系下文题。承接下文，but activity level did.男性是否能活到90多岁，而是活动标准，故选E。（5）D．逻辑推理题，there was no bonus for increasing activity.与男性不同。因此D项"In fact，研究发现。"符合语境。【点评】关于选句填空的做题步骤：步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。步骤五：区分相似项。语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。4．ThefireatNotreDameCathedralinParishasraisedquestionsabouttheconditionofthousandsofothercathedralsandhistoric（1）structures（structure）acrossEurope.ItalsoraisesquestionsaboutwhetherEuropeangovernmentsaredoingenough（2）tokeep（keep）upandcareforsuchbuildings.TiborNavracsics，theEuropeanUnion'stopcultureofficial，toldTheAssociatedPressthat"wearesousedtoouroutstandingculturalheritagethatwetendtoforgetthatit（3）needs（need）constantcareandattention."Somepeoplesaythefirewasawake﹣upcall，notjustforEurope，（4）butthewholeworld.Largefireshavelongrobbedhumanity（5）ofknowledge，artandtreasures.In2015，theGermanengineeringcompanySiemens（6）found（find）thatScotlandhadaboutten（7）damaging（damage）firesayear，whileEnglandlostatleastadozenlistedbuildingsayear.InGermany，seventyhistoricbuildingshavebeen（8）heavily（heavy）damagedsince2000.Expertssaythat（9）whatisneedediscontinuousattentionandmaintenance.Somesayworld﹣renownedmonumentslikeNotreDamearethedrivingforcebehindtourismandshouldgetmorerespect.Quaedvlieg﹣Mihailovicis，whoheadstheheritagegroupEuropaNostra，notedthe（10）importance（important）ofsuchrespect."Culturalheritageisagoldmine.Youcannotexploititandthenjustleavethemineandgotoanotherone."shesaid.【分析】本文是一篇社会文化类阅读。文章主要叙述了巴黎圣母院大火之后引起了人们对历史建筑物保护的关注。【解答】（1）structures.考查可数名词的复数。句意：巴黎圣母院的大火引发了人们对欧洲其他数千座大教堂和历史建筑状况的质疑，此处表示复数含义，故填structures。（2）tokeep.考查动词不定式，即欧洲各国政府是否已经采取了足够的措施来维护和保养这些建筑，故填tokeep。（3）needs.考查主谓一致。句意：我们对自己杰出的文化遗产如此习以为常。结合句意可知，句子用一般现在时，谓语动词用三单形式。（4）but.考查连词。句意：一些人说，也给全世界敲响了警钟..but是"不是……而是……"的意思。（5）of.考查介词。句意：长期以来、艺术和财富，故填of。（6）found.考查动词时态。句意：2015年，苏格兰每年发生约10起破坏性火灾。根据时间状语In，用一般过去时。（7）damaging.考查形容词。句意：2015年，苏格兰每年发生约10起破坏性火灾。形容词damaging破坏性的。故填damaging。（8）heavily.考查副词。句意：自2000年以来。用副词作状语修饰动词damaged。（9）what.考查宾语从句。句意：专家表示。分析句子可知，从句中缺少主语，故填what。（10）importance.考查不可数名词。句意：文化遗产组织欧盟文化遗产的负责人Quaedvlieg﹣Mihailovicis指出了这种尊重的重要性，此处用不可数名词importance作动词noted的宾语。【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。提升练阅读理解5．StefanoBoeri，theItalianarchitect，famousforhisBoscoVerticale，introducedhisnewplanstopioneerasimilarprojectintheChinesecityofNanjing.TheChineseversionofBoeri'sBoscoVerticale，orverticalforest，willbehisfirstprojectinAsia.Theprojectwillconsistoftwoneighboringtowersthatwillbecoatedwith23differentspeciesoftreesandmorethan2，aswellasamuseumandevenagreenarchitectureschool.Thetowersarecurrentlyunderconstructionandaresetforcompletionwithinthenextyear.Buttwobuildingsaren'tenoughfortheambitiousBoeriashenowhasevenbolderplansforChinatocreate"forestcities"inacountrythathasbecomeknownasanurbancenterchokingonpoisonousgasesanddust.Inaninterviewabouthisplansto"greenify"thecityandcountryBoerisaid，"Wehavebeenaskedtodesignanentirecitywhereyoudon'tonlyhaveonetallbuilding，butyouhave100or200buildingsofdifferentsizes，"Weareworkingveryseriouslyondesigningallthedifferentbuildings.Ithinktheywillstarttobuildattheendofthisyear.By2020wecouldimaginehavingthefirstforestcityinChina."AlthoughthesetowerswilllendahugehandindecreasingairpollutioninChina'seasterncity，Boerihassaid，itwilltakemorethanapairoftree﹣coveredskyscraperstoreallysolveChina'spollutioncrisis.ThisiswhytheItalianarchitecthopestorepeathisdesigninotherpartsofthecountry（1）Boeri'sprojectiscalledverticalforestbecausebuildingsarebuiltC.A.inathickforestfulloftreesandgreenplantsB.inacitywheretreesandgreenplantsaregrownC.withtreesandbusheshangingdowntheirsidesD.withtreesandplantsgrowingaroundlikeaforest（2）MoreforestcitieswillbebuiltforthepurposeofB.A.enlargingpeople'slivingspaceintheurbanareasB.offeringauniquesolutiontopollutionproblemsC.makingthebestofemptyspacearoundabuildingD.beautifyingacitywhichislikeaforestofbuildings（3）FromthepassageweknowBoeri'sfirstprojectinAsiawillA.A.stillkeeptheoriginalfunctionsverywellB.raisepeople'sawarenessofforestprotectionC.gainhimworldwiderecognitionasanarchitectD.enjoyabetterappearanceinacrowdedcity（4）WhatisBoeri'sambition？DA.Tofurtherreducetheconstructioncost.B.Toimprovehisdesignformorefunctions.C.TohelptotallysolveChina'spollutionproblems.D.TohavemoreBoscoVerticalesaroundtheworld.【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。StefanoBoeri是意大利建筑师，因为在米兰的一群绿树环绕的摩天大楼BoscoVerticale而闻名，他介绍他在中国南京将开辟一个类似项目的新计划。Boeri希望在世界各地有更多的BoscoVerticales。【解答】（1）C．细节理解题，orverticalforest．Theprojectwillconsistoftwoneighboringtowersthatwillbecoatedwith23differentspeciesoftreesandmorethan2．Boeri的中国版BoscoVerticale，将是他在亚洲的第一个项目，它们将被23种不同的树木覆盖。可知，因为建筑物的两侧都是垂下来的树和灌木。（2）B．推理判断题．在一个被有毒气体和灰尘呛得喘不过气来的城市中心。可知，为污染问题提供独特的解决方案。（3）A．推理判断题，orverticalforest．Theprojectwillconsistoftwoneighboringtowersthatwillbecoatedwith23differentspeciesoftreesandmorethan2．Boeri的中国版BoscoVerticale，将是他在亚洲的第一个项目，它们将被23种不同的树木覆盖。可知。故选A。（4）D．推理判断题．ThisiswhytheItalianarchitecthopestorepeathisdesigninotherpartsofthecountry．要真正解决中国的污染危机。这就是为什么这位意大利建筑师希望在这个国家的其他地方以及世界其他地方重复他的设计，Boeri的雄心是在世界各地有更多的BoscoVerticales。【点评】阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。完形填空ThefirstreviewIevergotformywritinghappenedinthemiddleofthenight.Iwasayoungadolescent（6）Bthepainsandtrailsofbeingateenager.IknewtooIhadbeena（7）DmanytimestobothmyMomandmyDad.Oneday，however，Irealizedjusthow（8）Amyparentshadbeentomeduringthistimeandinfactformywholelife.Iwastoo（9）CtotellthemhowmuchI（10）Bthem，facetoface，soearlierthateveningIhadp