2024秋高中英语Unit3UndertheseaSection2训练与检测含解析新人教版选修7

PAGEPAGE7Unit3SectionⅡ请同学们仔细完成练案[8]Ⅰ.阅读理解AThegrowingamountofhumannoisepollutionintheoceancouldmakefishunabletofindagoodhabitatandcausetheirdeath,accordingtoanewresearchfromaUK－ledteamworkingontheGreatBarrierReef,thelargestcoralreef(珊瑚礁)intheworld,offthenortheastcoastofAustralia.Afterdevelopingforweeksatsea,babyreeffishrelyonnaturalnoisesasacluetofindthecoralreefswheretheycansurviveandgrowstronger.However,withhumannoisepollutionfromships,windfarmsandoilminingontheincrease,researchersarenowconcernedthatthisimportantbehavioriscomingunderthreat.DrSimpson,aseniorresearcherinaBritishuniversity，said,“Whenonlyafewweeksold,babyreeffishfaceaverydifficulttaskinlocatingandchoosingasuitablehabitat.Reefnoisegivesthemquiteimportantinformation.Butiftheylearn,rememberandbecomeattractedtowardsthewrongsounds,wemightbeleadingtheminallthewrongdirections.”DrSimpsonandhisteambegantheirenvironment.Usingunderwaterlighttraps,DrSimpsonandhisteamcollectedbabyreeffishandputthemintotankswithunderwaterspeakersplayingnaturalreefnoiseoramixofman－madesounds.Thenextnightthefishwereputintospecially－designedchoicetanks.Againtheyplayednaturalorman－madesounds.Allthefishlikedthereefnoise,butonlythefishthathadexperiencedthemixofman－madesoundsswamtowardsit,theothersswamawaywhenhearingtheman－madesounds.Thetestresultshowsthatfishcanlearnanewsoundandrememberithourslater.Andtheycantellthedifferencebetweensoundsand,basedontheirexperience,becomeattractedtoothersounds,whichmightreallyaffecttheirbehavioronthemostimportantnightoftheirlife.Thebreakdownofnaturalbehaviorcouldhavedamagingeffectsonthepopulationoffuturefishgroups.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。经英国科学家的探讨发觉，海洋中的噪声污染使生活在澳洲的小礁鱼很难找到适合它们的栖息地。1．Babyreeffishfindcoralreefsmainlybytheirsenseof__B__A．sight B．hearingC．smell D．touch解析：细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段首句中的“...babyreeffishrelyonnaturalnoisesaclue...”可知，小礁鱼主要靠听觉找到珊瑚礁。2．WhatdidtheBritishresearchteamfeelmostconcernedaboutafterthenoiseexperiment？__C__A．Thereasonwhybabyreeffishcanfindthelocationofcoralreefs.B．Theprocessofhowbabyreeffishlearnanewsound.C．Thepopulationoffishgroupsinthefuture.D．Theeatinghabitsofbabyreeffish.解析：细微环节理解题。依据文章第五段末句“Thebreakdownofnaturalbehaviorcouldhavedamagingeffectsonthepopulationoffuturefishgroups.”可知，通过噪音试验，科学家最为关切的是将来鱼群的数量问题。3．Wecaninferfromthepassagethatbabyreeffish__D__.A．canfindtheirsuitablehabitatwhateverhappensB．cansurviveindifficultlivingconditionsC．cangetusedtonoisefromhumansD．areeasilyattractedbysounds解析：推理推断题。通过第五段其次句中的“Andtheycan...becomeattractedtoothersounds...”可知，小礁鱼的行为方式很简单受到其他声音的影响。故选D。4．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout？__D__A．Anewresearchaboutnoisepollution.B．AgreattaskfacedbyaBritishresearchteam.C．Thewaybabyreeffishsurviveandgrowstronger.D．Aresearchabouthownoisepollutionchangesfishbehavior.解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲解并描述科学家发觉噪声污染会变更小礁鱼的行为方式。故选D。BWhilemanypeopledreamofmermaids(美人鱼)，fewpeopleactuallytrytobecomeone.Howcansomeonebecomeamermaidiftheydon'texist?JustaskDanaRichardson，whoisaprofessionalmermaidinHawaii!“Asachild,Ialwaysfeltveryconnectedtotheoceanandplayedmermaidsinthewater，”saysDana.“Myloveoftheoceantookmetodifferenttypesofworksuchasalifeguard,swiminstructor,boatcrewmember，underwaterphotographer,boatcaptain,andsurfer.Ijustdecidedtotakeittothenextlevelandgrowatail！”Danadoesn'tmeanliterally(照字面地)．In2008shebeganmakingmermaidtailsfrommaterialsincludingshinyfabrie(织物)thatshewearswhilefree－divinginthewatersaroundKona,Hawaii.Free－divingmeansdivingwithoutanyprotectiveequipment.Itrequiresyoutoholdyourbreathwhileswimmingdeepunderwater.Asshedivesin，Dananotonlylookslikeamermaid；sheexperienceswhatitisliketoswimlikeonetoo.ThewatersaroundDana'shomeinKonaarefilledwithwildlife，includingdolphinsandwhales.Konaisbyashelteredseawherethewatersarecalmforswimming.FortenyearsDanahasbeenswimmingwiththecreaturesofKona.Someofthemhaveevenlearnedtorecognizeher.Danaknowshowtoswimwithsealifebecausesheisatrainedmarine(海洋的)naturalist.Sheunderstandsthebehaviorofsealifeandknowshowtosafelyinteractwithit.Everymorningwhensheswimswithsealifeshegetstoexperienceherother“home”．“Theoceanbeneaththedepthsreallyisanotherworld.Watchinghowtheworldworkssogracefullyinthatcircleoflifeunderwaterisabeautifulthing.”ForDanaRichardsonbeingamermaidjustmakessense.“I'vealwaysfeltmorecomfortableunderwaterthanonland，”shesays.Wouldyouliketofollowyourdream,evenifitseemsimpossible?Danaremindseveryone，“Onepersoncantrulymakeadifference.Byfollowingyourheartandofferingtheworldyouruniquegifts,youwillinspireotherstodoso.Theworldneedsyou！”文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。讲解并描述了一个女孩幻想成真的故事。5．WhathasbeeninfluencingDana'sworkexperiencemost？__A__A．Herhobby.B．Herfamily.C．Herscienceteacher.D．Herswiminstructor.解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段首句以及“Myloveoftheocean...”可知是Dana对海洋和美人鱼的宠爱影响了她。6．WhydoesDanamakemermaidtails？__B__A．Sheneedsthemtoprotecther.B．Shewantstoswimlikeamermaid.C．Sheneedstomakemoneywiththem.D．Shewantstotakephotosofmermaids.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第三段末句“...sheexperienceswhatitisliketoswimlikeonetoo，”可知做出美人鱼尾可以让Dana体验到像美人鱼一样游动的感觉。7．BeingamarinenaturalisthelpsDana__A__.A．getalongwellwithsealifeB．discoverheroutstandinggiftsC．appreciatethebeautyofotherpeopleD．feelcomfortablebothunderwaterandonland解析：推理推断题。依据第五段的其次句话可推知成为海洋学者帮助Dana更好地了解海洋生物并与它们沟通。8．Danaencouragespeopleto__C__.A．helpthoseinneedB．lovemarineanimalsC．trytorealizetheirdreamsD．protectthemarineenvironment解析：细微环节理解题。依据末段的“Byfollowingyourheart...”可知Dana激励人们实现自己的幻想。Ⅱ.七选五依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2024·浙江省温州十五校联合体高二下学期期中)Manyexpertsarecallingthegrowingproblemofglobalwasteaworldwidehealthcrisisinsincepollutionfromtrashisnotonlyharmingtheworld'soceans,airandsoilbutalsoendangeringpeople'shealthaswellasthelivelihoodofalllivingcreatures.Reduce,reuse,recycleSuchadilemmaraisesthequestion:isthereamoreresponsiblewayofdealingwithtrash?Fortunately,thereis.1.__D__.Oneexampleofthisiswhat'softencalledthethreeRs:reduce,reuse,recycle.Reducingtheuseofplasticcontainersaswellasreusingandrecyclingbottlesandcansdecreasestheamountofgarbagebeingsenttolandfills.Asaresult,lessmoneyisspentonwastemanagement,andcountries'financialburdensaresignificantlyrelieved.Suchpositiveeffectsonaneconomyareknownasacirculareconomy.CirculareconomyTraditionally,manufacturerswouldmakeaproducttobeusedanddisposedofbyconsumers.Thislinear(直线型的)modelofproductionofferednohelpinthefightagainstglobalwaste.2.__E__.Onceaproduct'svalueisexhausted,thematerialsarerecycledandreturnedtomanufacturers.Theoutcomeislesswaste.Onelarge－scaleexampleofthisishappeningontheislandofTaiwan.3．__B__In1997,Taiwanestablisheditssignature4－in－1RecyclingProgram,consistingofcommunities,governmentcleaningteams,recyclingcompaniesandtheRecyclingFund.Residentsseparatetheirrecyclablewaste.Thelocalgovernmentcollectionteamscollectit.4.__G__.ImportersandmanufacturerswhoareresponsiblefortherecyclableproductspayafeeintotheRecyclingFund.TheRecyclingFundisanessentialaspectoftheprogramusedtosubsidize(补贴)therecyclingdisposalsystem,supporteducationandresearchanddevelopmentaswellasfinancerecyclingeffortsinthefuture.TurninggarbageintogoldByfollowingacircularsystem,moreproductsthaneverarebeingmanufacturedusingrecycledmaterials.Environmentally－friendlydecisionslikethesehelptoconservenaturalresources,reducepollution,savelandfillspaceandevencreatenewjobopportunities.5.__C__.A．PracticesinTaiwanB．4－in－1RecyclingProgramC．RecyclingcantrulyturngarbageintogoldD．Livingazero－wastelifestyleisthewaytogoE．Alternatively,acirculareconomywasintroducedF．TherecyclablewasteisrecycledinmanylocalfactoriesG．Recyclingcompaniesbuywastematerialsfromthemtomakeprofits文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述了人们为了消退垃圾给人类带来的危机所实行的有效措施。解析：1．依据上文“Suchadilemmaraisesthequestion:isthereamoreresponsiblewayofdealingwithtrash?Fortunately,thereis.(这样的两难境地提出了一个问题：有没有一种更负责任的处理垃圾的方式？幸运的是，有。)”及下文“Oneexampleofthisiswhat'softencalledthethreeRs:reduce,reuse,recycle.(其中一个例子就是我们常说的三个R：削减，再利用，回收。)”可知，此处指垃圾处理方式。D.Livingazero－wastelifestyleisthewaytogo(过一种零奢侈的生活方式才是正确之道)能够承接上下文。故选D。2．依据上文“Thislinear(直线型的)modelofproductionofferednohelpinthefightagainstglobalwaste.(这种线性的生产模式对对抗全球垃圾没有任何帮助。)”在介绍一种生产模式；依据下文“Onceaproduct'svalueisexhausted,thematerialsarerecycledandreturnedtomanufacturers.(一旦产品的价值耗尽，这些材料就会被回收并返还给制造商。)在介绍另一种模式，此处须要从一个模式到另一个模式的过渡。E.Alternatively,acirculareconomywasintroduced(此外，还引入了循环经济)”符合语境。故选E。3．此处须要一个段落的小标题，干扰项是A，但是，从分析其他三个段落小标题都是讲如何处理垃圾来看，B.4－in－1RecyclingProgram(四合一回收安排)也是在介绍详细如何处理垃圾，适合做本段小标题。故选B。4．依据上文“In1997,Taiwanestablisheditssignature4－in－1RecyclingProgram,consistingofcommunities,governmentcleaningteams,recyclingcompaniesandtheRecyclingFund.(1997年，台湾建立了其标记性的四合一回收安排，由社区、政府清洁团队、回收公司和回收基金组成。)及下文介绍可知，接下来起先从四方面起先介绍。G.Recyclingcompaniesbuywastematerialsfromthemtomakeprofits(回收公司从他们那里购买废品来获利)”介绍了回收公司的作用，符合语境。故选G。5．依据本段小标题Turninggarbageintogold(把垃圾变成金子)及本段中对回收利用垃圾所带来的经济效益可知，C.Recyclingcantrulyturngarbageintogold(回收真的可以把垃圾变成金子)既呼应了段落小标题，又能对最终一段的进行总结。故选C。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2024·浙江省温州十五校联合体高二下学期期中)Lifepressurecanbebigenough,soweneedtobesurroundedbywarmphrases,orevensomeblind1.__confidence__(confident).Recently,anewtrend——seekingpraisefromstranger—hasgonepopularonsocialmediaamongChina'syoungpeople;manychatgroups2.__havebeenformed__(form)toshowkindnessandsupporttomembers.These“in－need－of－praise”chatgroupsare3.__a__reflectionofChineseculturewhere4.__openly__(open)seekingandgivingpraiseisuncommon,5.__leading__(lead)manypeopletohidetheirtrueemotionsevenfromtheirfamilies.Foryoungpeople,gainingrecognitionfrompeersismoreimportantthangettingapprovalfromoldergenerations.Theycanfeelasenseofbelongingandgainencouragement,6.__which__isbeneficialtotheirmentalhealth.Aslongaspeople'spraisedoesn'tsound7.__insincere__(sincere),wearelikelytowelcomeit.Beingrichlyrecognizedforwhatwedoorwhowearejustfeelsgood.Mostofuslikepraises,8.__because__theycanraiseourspirits,warmourheartsanddecreasefearsandself－doubt.However,anyone