天津市2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1天津市2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．—ShallIorderataxiforSarahtogototheairporttonight?—__________.I’lldriveherthere.A．Helpyourself. B．Don’tmentionit. C．Don’tbother. D．Goahead.2．Studioheadsrealizedthattheycouldn’tmakevirtuallythesamefilmoverandoveragainwiththesame__________ofstarsandstillexpecttokeepturningaprofit.A．cast B．staff C．actors D．celebrities3．Recently,Europeanworkershavebeenonstrikebecausetheexistinglawis__________theirhumanrightsact.A．inlinewith B．inconflictwith C．inconnectionwith D．incomparisonwith4．Shehasunbelievably__________.Shecangrowanything.A．awetblanket B．apieceofcake C．greenfingers D．ablacksheep5．Wefirstmetonatrainin2000.Webothfeltimmediatelythatwe______eachotherforyears.A．knew B．haveknown C．hadknown D．know6．Havingseparatedfromhisfamilyforalongtime,apostcardfromhisparents__________hishomesickness.A．setoff B．layaside C．providefor D．bringforward7．Asacautiouscritic,herefusedtocommentbeforehehadseenallthe__________information.A．substantial B．relevant C．sufficient D．abundant8．Thelatestreportmade__________clearthatclimatechangewillinfluencethepoorestcountriesmoststrongly.A．one B．what C．it D．this9．—Whatdoyouthinkofteaching，Bob?—Ifinditfunandchallenging.Itisajob________youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.A．where B．which C．when D．that10．Itremainstobeseen__________thetrafficregulationswilladapttotheactualsituationaftertheyarereleased.A．whether B．which C．that D．what11．China'sNationalHighway318,________over5,000kilometersfromShanghaitoZhangmu,Tibet,isknownasthe"heavenlyroad“foritsamazingviews.A．toextend B．extended C．extending D．beingextended12．Whenweatherpermitted,he__________gototheteahouseafterdinnertotalkwithotheroldpartnerseveryday.A．might B．should C．could D．would13．____yourecognizeanidiomwhenitisbeingused,itiseasytomisunderstandwhatyoureadorhear.A．Although B．Because C．Unless D．While14．TraditionalfolkartsofTianjinlikepapercutting______atthecultureshowofthe2010ShanghaiWorldExpo.A．areexhibiting B．isexhibiting C．arebeingexhibited D．isbeingexhibited15．—Iknowyouwanttotalkaboutthisreport,butI’dliketotellyouaboutournewpartner.—______.Wecantalkabouthimlater.A．Let’ssticktothepoint B．It’sniceofyouC．It’sreallyhardtosay D．You’llmakeit〖答案〗1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．A10．A 11．C 12．D 13．C 14．C 15．A【1题详析】考查交际用语。句意：——今晚我为Sarah叫一辆出租车去机场好吗？——不用麻烦了。我开车送她去。Helpyourself.随便吃；Don’tmentionit.别客气，不用谢；Don’tbother.不用麻烦了；Goahead.走吧，干吧。由“ShallIorderataxiforSarah”和“I’lldriveherthere”可知，第二个人会送Sarah去机场，因此他让第一个人“不用麻烦叫出租车”，因此空格处是“不用麻烦了”。故选C。【2题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：电影公司的领导们意识到，他们不可能用同样的演员阵容反复制作几乎相同的电影，同时还期望继续盈利。cast演员阵容；staff全体员工；actor演员；celebrity名人。由“theycouldn’tmakevirtuallythesamefilmoverandoveragainwiththesame”和“ofstars”可知，句子表示“他们不可能用同样的演员阵容反复制作几乎相同的电影”，空格处意为“演员阵容”，故选A。【3题详析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：最近，欧洲工人举行了罢工，因为现行法律与他们的人权法相冲突。inlinewith与……一致；inconflictwith与……相冲突；inconnectionwith与……有关；incomparisonwith与……比较。由“Europeanworkershavebeenonstrike”可知，句子表示“欧洲工人举行了罢工，因为现行法律与他们的人权法相冲突”，空格处意为“与……相冲突”，故选B。【4题详析】考查名词短语辨析。句意：她有令人难以置信的园艺技能。她什么都能种。awetblanket扫兴的人；apieceofcake小菜一碟；greenfingers园艺技能；ablacksheep害群之马。由“Shecangrowanything”可知，句子表示“她有令人难以置信的园艺技能”，空格处意为“园艺技能”。故选C。【5题详析】考查过去完成时。句意：我们第一次见面是在2000年的火车上。我们俩立刻觉得我们已经认识很多年了。knew认识，一般过去时；haveknown认识，现在完成时；hadknown认识，过去完成时；know认识，一般现在时。分析可知，动作know发生在firstmet之前，为过去的过去，应为过去完成时态，故选C项。【6题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：与家人久别之后，父母寄来的一张明信片勾起了他的思乡之情。setoff引起，激起；layaside放置一边；providefor供养，赡养；bringforward提出。由“Havingseparatedfromhisfamilyforalongtime,apostcardfromhisparents”和“hishomesickness”可知，句子表示“与家人久别之后，父母寄来的一张明信片勾起了他的思乡之情”，空格处意为“引起，激起”，故选A。【7题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个谨慎的评论家，他在看到所有相关资料之前拒绝发表评论。substantial大量的；relevant相关的；sufficient充足的；abundant丰富的。由“Asacautiouscritic,herefusedtocommentbefore”可知，句子表示“作为一个谨慎的评论家，他在看到所有相关资料之前拒绝发表评论”，空格处意为“相关的”，故选B。【8题详析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：最新的报告明确指出，气候变化将对最贫穷的国家产生最强烈的影响。one一个；what什么；it它；this这个。“thatclimatechangewillinfluencethepoorestcountriesmoststrongly”是that引导的宾语从句，作made的宾语，空格处用it作形式宾语，故选C。【9题详析】考查定语从句。句意：——你认为教书怎么样，鲍勃？——我发现它有趣，有挑战性。是一个你做严肃有趣的事情的工作。本题定语从句的先行词是job，从句的结构是主谓宾结构，定语关系代词在从句中只能充当地点状语，用关系副词where。故选A。【10题详析】考查主语从句。句意：交通法规发布后是否能适应实际情况还有待观察。whether是否；which哪个；that那个；what什么。分析句子可知，It作形式主语，真正主语是后面的句子，空格处为主语从句连接词，从句不缺成分，缺“是否”含义，A项whether符合句意。故选A项。【11题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的国道318号，从上海到西藏樟木，延伸出5000多公里，因为它的令人赞叹的景观，被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知，isknownas是整个句子的谓语动词，所以空格处应填非谓语动词，extend与主语China'sNationalHighway318之间的关系为主动，所以用extending。故选C。【12题详析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：只要天气允许，他每天晚饭后都会去茶馆和其他老搭档聊天。might可能；should应该；could可以；would过去常常。由Whenweatherpermitted和everyday可知，空格处用would表示过去常常做的事情，故选D。【13题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：除非你在使用习语时认出了它，否则很容易误解你读到或听到的内容。although虽然；because因为；unless除非；while尽管。由“itiseasytomisunderstandwhatyoureadorhear”可知，句子表示“除非你在使用习语时认出了它，否则很容易误解你读到或听到的内容”，空格处意为“除非”，用unless，引导条件状语从句，故选C。【14题详析】考查动词时态语态。句意：传统的天津的剪纸艺术正在2010年的上海世博会上展出。主语Traditionalfolkarts和exhibit为被动关系，需用被动语态，排除A项和B项；主语是复数名词，be动词用are。故选C。【15题详析】考查情景交际及习惯表达。句意：我知道你想谈谈这份报告，但我想告诉你我们的新搭档。不要离题。我们待会儿再谈他。Let’ssticktothepoint让我们关注重点；It’sniceofyou你真好；It’sreallyhardtosay真的难说；You’llmakeit你会成功的。Let’ssticktothepoint“让我们关注重点”符合句意。故选A项。第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Mylifeasanexchangestudentfinallybegan!Itwasonlyashort20-minutedrivefromtheairporttoQueenslandUniversityofTechnology(QUT),butI16italot.Mydriverwasvery17andtoldmealotaboutAustralianculturealongtheway.Before18home,Ihadafairideaofwhatmy19wouldbelike.WhenO-WeekatQUTfinallyhappened,Ifeltthatmylifeherereallyliveduptomyfirst20.Theweek-longeventnotonly21metoengageindifferentclubsandsocieties,italsogavemeachanceto22QUT’scampus.Ilovedthe23ofO-Week.Itwasreallylively,andIgotthe24tomeetsomanypeople.Interactingwithdifferentculturesfirst-handwasreallya(n)25.IfeltthiswasexactlyhowI26lifeinAustraliawouldbelike.Iwasreally27tofinallyexperiencethis!After28mynewhome,IfoundthatlivinginBrisbanewasquitedifferent.Ihadthe29todoalotmoreandhadnolimitson30Icoulddothem.Forexample,haveyoueverwantedpancakesat6am?Saynomore--oneofmyfavoriterestaurantswasonlya2-minutewalkawayfrommy31.Besides,Ifounditquite32tomeetandworkwiththelocals,andlearnabouttheir33attitudetolifeandwork.IlovedAustraliasomuchthatIfeltvery34whenmyexperiencecametoa(n)35.ImadesomanyfriendsthereandIhopetoseethemallagainonmynextworldtour!16．A．enjoyed B．predicted C．suspected D．planned17．A．curious B．strange C．friendly D．lonely18．A．arriving B．returning C．moving D．leaving19．A．experience B．behavior C．position D．result20．A．requirements B．expectations C．challenges D．grades21．A．warned B．forced C．taught D．allowed22．A．expand B．explore C．compare D．contact23．A．atmosphere B．invitation C．purpose D．origin24．A．responsibility B．stability C．opportunity D．ability25．A．green-hand B．trouble-maker C．record-holder D．eye-opener26．A．denied B．pictured C．declared D．misunderstood27．A．embarrassed B．shocked C．excited D．relaxed28．A．settlinginto B．figuringout C．payingavisit D．gettingaround29．A．patience B．power C．excuse D．freedom30．A．why B．where C．when D．how31．A．laboratory B．destination C．accommodation D．company32．A．interesting B．inconvenient C．demanding D．ordinary33．A．sudden B．positive C．different D．foolish34．A．proud B．confused C．satisfied D．sad35．A．point B．end C．crisis D．Choice〖答案〗16．A17．C18．D19．A20．B21．D22．B23．A24．C25．D26．B27．C28．A29．D30．C31．C32．A33．B34．D35．B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者作为交换生在澳大利亚昆士兰科技大学的经历。【16题详析】句意：从机场到昆士兰科技大学只有短短20分钟的车程，但我非常享受。enjoy喜欢、享受；predict预测；suspect怀疑；plan计划。根据前文“Itwasonlyashort20-minutedrivefromtheairporttoQueenslandUniversityofTechnology(QUT),but”可知，虽然这段路程不长，但作者很享受。故选A项。【17题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的司机非常友好，一路上给我讲了很多澳大利亚文化。curious好奇的；strange奇怪的；friendly友好的；lonely孤独的。根据前文“I________italot.”及后文“toldmealotaboutAustralianculturealongtheway”可知，司机很友善。故选C项。【18题详析】句意：在离开家之前，我对即将拥有的经历有一个很好的畅想。arrive到达；return返回；move移动；leave离开。根据前文“Before”及后文“Ihadafairidea”可知，离家之前，作者畅想了自己将会遇到的事情。故选D项。【19题详析】句意：在离开家之前，我对我即将拥有的经历有一个很好的畅想。experience体验，经历；behavior行为；position位置；result结果。根据后文“wouldbelike”及“WhenO-WeekatQUTfinallyhappened,Ifeltthatmylifeherereallyliveduptomyfirst________”可知，作者离家之前，畅想了自己在昆士兰科技大学将会拥有什么样的经历。故选A项。【20题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当在昆士兰科技大学的迎新周终于到来时，我觉得我在这里的生活真的达到了我最初的期望。requirement要求；expectation期待；challenge挑战；grade分数。根据前文“Beforeleavinghome,Ihadafairideaofwhatmy______wouldbelike.”可知，这里的生活达到了作者最初的期望。故选B项。【21题详析】句意：为期一周的活动不仅让我参加了不同的俱乐部和社团，也让我有机会探索昆士兰科技大学的校园。warn警告；force强迫；teach教授；allow允许。根据后文“butalsogavemeachanceto______QUT’scampus.”可知，迎新周的活动让作者参加了不同的俱乐部和社团。故选D项。【22题详析】句意：为期一周的活动不仅让我参加了不同的俱乐部和社团，也让我有机会探索昆士兰科技大学的校园。expand扩展；explore探索；compare比较；contact联系。根据前文“italsogavemeachanceto”及后文“QUT’scampus”可知，迎新周的活动让作者有机会探索昆士兰科技大学的校园。故选B项。【23题详析】句意：我喜欢迎新周的氛围。atmosphere氛围；invitation邀请；purpose目的；origin起源。根据后文“Itwasreallylively”可知，迎新周很活跃，作者很喜欢迎新周的氛围。故选A项。【24题详析】句意：我有机会认识很多人。responsibility责任；stability稳定；opportunity机会；ability能力。根据后文“tomeetsomanypeople”可知，迎新周给了作者认识新朋友的机会。故选C项。【25题详析】句意：与不同文化的人互动真的让人大开眼界。green-hand新手；trouble-maker惹麻烦的人；record-holder记录保持者；eye-opener使人大开眼界的事物。根据前文“Interactingwithdifferentculturesfirst-hand”可知，与不同文化的人互动可以开阔眼界。故选D项。【26题详析】句意：我觉得这正是我想象中的澳大利亚生活。deny否认；picture想象；declare宣布；misunderstand误解。根据前文“WhenO-WeekatQUTfinallyhappened,Ifeltthatmylifeherereallyliveduptomyfirst________”可知，作者觉得这正是自己想象中的澳大利亚生活的样子。故选B项。【27题详析】句意：我真的很兴奋终于体验到这一点！embarrassed尴尬的；shocked震惊的；excited激动的；relaxed放松的。根据前文“IfeltthiswasexactlyhowI_______lifeinAustraliawouldbelike.”及后文“finallyexperiencethis”可知，体验到自己梦想的澳大利亚的生活使作者感到激动。故选C项。【28题详析】句意：在我的新家安顿下来后，我发现在布里斯班的生活很不一样。settleinto安置；figureout弄清楚；payavisit拜访；getaround四处走动。根据后文“IfoundthatlivinginBrisbanewasquitedifferent”可知，作者在新家安顿下来，开始了解当地的生活。故选A项。【29题详析】句意：我有了做更多事情的自由，而且没有限制我什么时候可以做。patience耐心；power力量；excuse借口；freedom自由。根据后文“andhadnolimitson_____Icoulddothem.”可知，作者有了做更多事情的自由。故选D项。【30题详析】句意：我有了做更多事情的自由，而且没有限制我什么时候可以做。why为什么；where哪里；when什么时候；how怎么样。根据前文“Ihadthe________todoalotmore”及后文“Forexample,haveyoueverwantedpancakesat6am?Saynomore”可知，作者居住的地方很便利，在任何时间都可以做自己想做的事情。故选C项。【31题详析】句意：我最喜欢的一家餐馆离我的住处只有2分钟的步行路程。laboratory实验室；destination目的地；accommodation住处；company公司。根据前文“Forexample,haveyoueverwantedpancakesat6am?Saynomore”及“oneofmyfavoriterestaurantswasonlya2-minutewalkawayfrom”可知，作者居住的地方很便利，餐馆离住处很近。故选C项。【32题详析】句意：此外，我发现与当地人会面和工作非常有趣，还可以了解他们积极的生活和工作态度。interesting有趣的；inconvenient不方便的；demanding要求高的；ordinary普通的。根据前文“Interactingwithdifferentculturesfirst-handwasreallya(n)________”及后文“tomeetandworkwiththelocals”可知，接触不同文化的人是非常有趣的。故选A项。【33题详析】句意：此外，我发现与当地人会面和工作非常有趣，还可以了解他们积极的生活和工作态度。sudden突然的；positive积极的；different不同的；foolish愚蠢的。根据后文“attitudetolifeandwork”可知，当地人积极的工作和生活态度是值得学习的。故选B项。【34题详析】句意：我非常喜欢澳大利亚，当我的经历结束时，我感到非常难过。proud自豪的；confused困惑的；satisfied满意的；sad悲伤的。根据前文“IlovedAustraliasomuch”及后文“whenmyexperiencecametoa(n)________”可知，作者热爱澳大利亚，所以当作为交换生的经历结束时会感到非常难过。故选D项。【35题详析】句意：我非常喜欢澳大利亚，当我的经历结束时，我感到非常难过。point要点；end结束；crisis危机；choice选择。根据前文“IlovedAustraliasomuchthatIfeltvery________”可知，作者热爱澳大利亚，所以当作为交换生的经历结束时会感到非常难过。故选B项。第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ANationalParks:MadeforYouandMe·Whiletheterm“nationalpark”isassociatedwithimagesoftheAmericanWest,therearenationalparkunitsinevery.U.S.stateandterritory.Togethertheywelcomeabout300millionvisitorseachyearandspansome85millionacres,almost55millionofwhichareinAlaska.·Therearemorethan400sitesintheNationalParkSystem,thoughthatincludesfarmorethanwhatwetraditionallythinkofas“parks”,suchasparkwaysandrivers,Strictlyspeaking,thereare63nationalparks(Californiahasthemost,withnine),buttherearealsonationalhistoricparks,nationalmilitaryparks,andotherdesignations.Afewarethoroughlyunique.Amongthem:theWhiteHouse.·TheNationalParkService(NPS)overseesall400+ofthesesites.Butrulesaboutwhatyoucanandcannotdoinnationalparksdifferfromsitetosite.Activitiesthatareprohibitedatnationalparks,suchashuntingandfishing,areallowedonsomenationalpreserves.Manynationalparksallowthescatteringofashes(theGrandCanyonisanotableexception);though,likeHitchcock,youneedtoobtainNPSpermission.Thesamegoesforcoupleswhowishtomarryinsideanationalpark.·AdditionstotheNationalParkSystemgenerallyrequireactsofCongress,butthepresidentcannamenewnationalmonuments.Ofthe63nationalparks,onlyoneisnamedafterapresident:TheodoreRooseveltNationalParkinNorthDakota.·ItwasanotherpresidentwhocreatedtheNPSin1916;WoodrowWilsonParksthatpredate(早于)theNPSincludeYosemiteinCaliforniaandMountRainierinWashington.ButYellowstone,whichturned150thisyear,wastheworld’sfirstnationalpark.Today,morethan100countrieshavenationalparksandpreserves.ThelargestbyareaisinGreenland,though97percentoftheGalapagosIslandsisanationalpark.36．WhichstatehasthewidestspanofnationalparksintheUSA?A．California. B．Alaska. C．Washington. D．NorthDakota37．WhichofthefollowingstatementsmaybeTRUE?A．Rulesaboutwhatyoucanandcan’tdoindifferentnationalparksvary.B．Allnationalparksprohibithuntingandfishing.C．Nationalparksdon’tallowthescatteringofashes.D．Couplescanmarryinsideanationalpark.38．NationalparkscanbeaddedtotheNationalParkSystem______.A．aftertheapprovaloflocalresidentsB．afterthepresidentnamesthemC．aftertherelevantactsofCongressarepassedD．aftertheseparksmeetsomespecificcriteria39．WhichofthefollowingisNOTanationalpark?A．Yellowstone. B．TheWhiteHouse. C．TheGrandCanyon. D．Greenland.40．Whichofthefollowingisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Aninstructionbook. B．Auniversitynewspaper.C．Amagazine. D.Astudentguide.〖答案〗36．B37．A38．C39．D40．C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章对美国的国家公园进行了详细介绍。【36题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Togethertheywelcomeabout300millionvisitorseachyearandspansome85millionacres,almost55millionofwhichareinAlaska.(它们每年共接待约3亿游客，占地约8500万英亩，其中近5500万英亩在阿拉斯加。)”可知，美国拉斯加州的国家公园面积最大。故选B。【37题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Butrulesaboutwhatyoucanandcannotdoinnationalparksdifferfromsitetosite.(但是关于你在国家公园能做什么和不能做什么的规定因地而异。)”可知，关于在不同的国家公园能做什么和不能做什么的规定各不相同。故选A。【38题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“AdditionstotheNationalParkSystemgenerallyrequireactsofCongress,butthepresidentcannamenewnationalmonuments.(增加国家公园系统通常需要国会的法案，但总统可以命名新的国家纪念碑。)”可知，国家公园可以在国会通过相关法案后加入国家公园系统。故选C。【39题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“ButYellowstone,whichturned150thisyear,wastheworld’sfirstnationalpark.(但今年年满150岁的黄石公园是世界上第一个国家公园。)”，第二段“Therearemorethan400sitesintheNationalParkSystem,thoughthatincludesfarmorethanwhatwetraditionallythinkofas“parks”,suchasparkwaysandrivers,Strictlyspeaking,thereare63nationalparks(Californiahasthemost,withnine),buttherearealsonationalhistoricparks,nationalmilitaryparks,andotherdesignations.Afewarethoroughlyunique.Amongthem:theWhiteHouse.(国家公园系统中有400多个景点，尽管这远远超过了我们传统上认为的“公园”，如公园道路和河流，严格地说，有63个国家公园（加州最多，有9个），但也有国家历史公园，国家军事公园和其他指定的公园。有几个是完全独特的。其中包括白宫。)”和第三段第四句“Manynationalparksallowthescatteringofashes(theGrandCanyonisanotableexception);though,likeHitchcock,youneedtoobtainNPSpermission.(许多国家公园允许人们撒骨灰（大峡谷是个明显的例外）；不过，像希区柯克一样，你需要获得NPS的许可。)”可知，黄石公园、白宫和大峡谷都是国家公园。故选D。【40题详析】推理判断题。根据标题“NationalParks:MadeforYouandMe(国家公园：为你我而造)”可知，文章主要是介绍美国的国家公园，最有可能摘自一本杂志。故选C。BUPSdriverRyanArenswasmakingadeliverynearapondinBozeman,Montana,whenheheardastrangesound.“Likeacryforhelp,”hetoldthedodo.com,awebsiteforanimallovers.ItwasDecember2018,andabout15feetfromthefrozenbankswasthesourceofthatcry—ahalf-submergedbrown-and-whitewirehairedhound(猎犬),strugglingtoclingtoathinlayerofice.Howshegottherenooneknows,butanelderlymanwasalreadyonthescene,determinedtosaveher.He’denteredthepondinarowboatandwashackingawayattheicewitharocktocreateapathtothedog.Itwasslowgoing,andArens,44,thoughthestoodabetterchance.“Animalsaremyweakness,”hetoldtheGreatFallsTribune,explainingwhyhejumpedintothewater,eventhoughthetemperaturewas-30°C,andcommandeeredtherowboat.Hisheartthumping,Arensslidclosertothedogandusedtheotherman’srocktosmashawayattheice.Hegaveonestrongheavetoomanyandslippedofftheboat,crashinginto16feetoffreezingwater.Heresurfacedintimetoseethedoggoingunder.Usingnervousenergytokeepwarm,heswamaboutfivefeettowardher,caughtholdofhercollar,andpulledhertotheice.Hethencarriedthedogintotheboatandsliditbacktotheshore,whereanxiousbystanderscarriedthedogtothehomeoftherowboatowner,whoisaretiredveterinarian.Onceinthehousehimself,Arensjumpedintoawarmshowerwiththedoguntiltheybothdefrosted.Afewmoreminutesinthepond,thevettoldArens,andthedogwouldhavelikelysufferedcardiacarrest(心脏骤停).Thenextday,Arenswasbackworkingthesameneighborhoodwhenthedog’sownercameovertothankhimforsavingSadie.“Wouldyouliketomeether?”heasked.Heopenedthedoortohispickup,andSadierushedout.ShemadeabeelineforArens,leapingonhimandbathinghiminwetkisses.“Thatspecialdelivery,”saysArens,“wasthehighlightofmyUPScareer.”41．WhathappenedtoArensinDecember2018?A．Hecameacrossanoldmanwhoaccidentallyfellintothefrozenpond.B．Heheardastrangesoundbuthadtomakeadelivery.C．Hejumpedintotheicywaterandsavedahalf-submergeddog.D．Hesavedadrowningdogattheriskofcardiacarrest.42．WhatdoesArensmeanbysaying“Animalsaremyweakness”inParagraph3?A．Heisinterestedinanimals.B．Helacksexperienceandskillindealingwithanimals.C．Hemightbehurtbyanimals.D．Heisanenthusiasticzoophilist.43．Arensfellofftheboatbecause______.A．hisswingingtherockcausedthegreatoppositeforce.B．therowboatcouldn’tbeartheweightofhimandthedogC．hesmashedtoomuchice,makingtheboatloseitsbalance.D．therowboatcrashedinto16feetofice44．WhydidArensregardtheexperienceashishighlightofhisUPScareer?A．Becauseitwashisfirsttimetodeliveradog.B．Becauseitwasthemosttoughjobhehadeverhad.C．Becauseitwasoneofthemostmeaningfulthingshehaddoneinhisjob.D．Becauseitcouldmakehimafamousperson.45．WhichofthefollowingwordscandescribeArensbestaccordingtothepassage?A．Kindandhardworking. B．Helpfulandbrave.C．Optimisticandcautious. D．Wisebutindecisive.〖答案〗41．C42．D43．A44．C45．B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了阿伦斯在送快递的过程中救了一只落水的狗。【41题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“ItwasDecember2018,andabout15feetfromthefrozenbankswasthesourceofthatcry—ahalf-submergedbrown-and-whitewirehairedhound(猎犬),strugglingtoclingtoathinlayerofice.”(那是2018年12月，离结冰的河岸约15英尺的地方是叫声的来源—一只半浸在水中的棕白色硬毛猎犬，挣扎着抓住一层薄冰。)和第四段后两句“Usingnervousenergytokeepwarm,heswamaboutfivefeettowardher,caughtholdofhercollar,andpulledhertotheice.Hethencarriedthedogintotheboatandsliditbacktotheshore,whereanxiousbystanderscarriedthedogtothehomeoftherowboatowner,whoisaretiredveterinarian.”(他利用紧张的能量来保暖，向她游了大约五英尺，抓住她的衣领，把她拉到冰上。然后，他把狗抬上船，滑回岸边，焦虑的旁观者把狗抬到划艇船主的家中，船主是一名退休兽医。）可知，2018年12月，阿伦斯跳入冰冷的水中，救了一只半沉入水中的狗。故选C项。【42题详析】猜测词句题。根据文章第三段“Itwasslowgoing,andArens,44,thoughthestoodabetterchance.“Animalsaremyweakness,”hetoldtheGreatFallsTribune,explainingwhyhejumpedintothewater,eventhoughthetemperaturewas-30°C,andcommandeeredtherowboat.”(进展缓慢，44岁的阿伦斯认为自己胜算更大。“……”他告诉论坛报大瀑布镇，解释了他为什么跳入水中，尽管气温为零下30℃，并霸占了划艇。)可知，尽管气候条件恶劣，困难重重，他还是义无反顾，所以划线句子的意思是“他是一个热情的动物爱好者”。故选D项。【43题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段前两句“Hisheartthumping,Arensslidclosertothedogandusedtheotherman’srocktosmashawayattheice.Hegaveonestrongheavetoomanyandslippedofftheboat,crashinginto16feetoffreezingwater.”(阿伦斯的心怦怦直跳，他滑近狗，用另一个人的石头砸冰。他用力过猛，滑下了船，坠入16英尺深的冰冷海水中。)可知，阿伦斯从船上掉了下来，因为他摆动石头时产生了巨大的反作用力。故选A项。【44题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Thatspecialdelivery,”saysArens,“wasthehighlightofmyUPScareer.””(“那次快递，”阿伦斯说，“是我UPS职业生涯的亮点。”)可知，阿伦斯认为这次经历是他UPS职业生涯中的亮点，因为这是他在工作中做过的最有意义的事情之一。故选C项。【45题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“ItwasDecember2018,andabout15feetfromthefrozenbankswasthesourceofthatcry—ahalf-submergedbrown-and-whitewirehairedhound(猎犬),strugglingtoclingtoathinlayerofice.Howshegottherenooneknows,butanelderlymanwasalreadyonthescene,determinedtosaveher.He’denteredthepondinarowboatandwashackingawayattheicewitharocktocreateapathtothedog.”(那是2018年12月，离结冰的河岸约15英尺的地方是叫声的来源—一只半浸在水中的棕白色硬毛猎犬，挣扎着抓住一层薄冰。没有人知道她是如何到达那里的，但一位老人已经在现场，决心要救她。他乘着划艇进入池塘，用石头在冰上凿出一条通向狗的路。)可知，阿伦斯乐于助人且勇敢。故选B项。CHistoryhasbeencharacterizeddifferently.It’shardtodefinesuchamonumentalthingwithoutdealingwiththetensionsbetweenwhatisfactandwhatisfiction,aswellaswhatwasincludedandwhatwasleftout.Soit’sonlyfittingthatthosetensionsarewrappedupinthehistoryoftheworditself.TheshortversionisthatthetermhistoryhasevolvedfromanancientGreekverbthatmeans“toknow”.TheGreekwordhistoriaoriginallymeantinquiry,theactofseekingknowledge,aswellastheknowledgethatresultsfrominquiry.Andfromthereit’sashortjumptotheaccountsofeventsthatapersonmightputtogetherfrommakinginquiries-whatwemightcallstories.Thewordsstoryandhistorysharemuchoftheirancestry,andinpreviouseras,theoverlapbetweenthemwasmuchmessierthanitistoday.Theworkingoutofdistinctionhastakencenturies.Today,wemightthinkofthedividinglineastheonebetweenfactandfiction.Storiesarefancifultaleswovenatbedtime.Thatwordcanevenbeusedtodescribeanoutrightlie.Histories,ontheotherhand,arerecordsofevents.Thatwordreferstoalltimebeforethisverymomentandeverythingthatreallyhappeneduptonow.Thedistinctionisstillmessierthanthat,ofcourse.Plentyofstorieslikethestoryofaperson’slifeora"truestory"onwhichaless-truefilmisbased-aresupposedtobefactual.Andplentyofstoriesgoagainsteasycategorizationonewayortheother.Takethenotionofsomeonetellingtheirsideofastory.Tothem,thataccountmightbeperfectlycorrect.Tosomeoneelse,thataccountmightbetotallyincorrect.AsthelinguisticdividehasevolvedsincetheMiddleAges,wehavecometoexpectmorefromhistory-thatitbefreefromtheimperfectionsofviewpointandselectivememorythatstoriessooftencontain.Yetitisn’t,humansbeingtheimperfectcreaturesandhistorybeingsomethingthatismaderatherthanhandeddownfromsomeall-knowingwriter.Thatiswhyfeminists,forexample,rejectedthewordhistoryandchampionedthenotionofherstoryduringthe1970stopointoutthefactthathistoryhasmostlycomefromamaleperspective.The“his”inhistoryhasnothing,linguistically,todowiththepronounreferringtoamaleperson.Andsomecriticspointedthatoutbackinthe1970s,sayingthattheinventionofherstoryshowedignoranceaboutwherethewordcomesfrom.Butthere’sevidencethatthefeministsknewasmuchatthetime.Andmoreimportantly,thefactthatitsoundspossiblethattherewouldbealinkcanstilltellussomething.Itcansuggestalottheaboutgenderandwhetherafemaleviewpointisincludedinthetalespasseddownintextbooks.That’swhy,eveniftheoriginsoftheword“history”areclear,thequestionofwhogetstodecidewhichversionofthepastistherightoneremainsacontroversialdebatecenturiesafterthetermcametobe.46．Theword“overlap”inParagraph3probablyindicates____.A．theknowledgepeopleputtogetherfromdifferentinquiriesB．thedistinctionbetweentheancestryof“story”and“history”C．themeaninganduseboth“story”and“history”sharedD．thedividinglinebetweentalesandrecordsofevents47．Thedistinctionbetween“history”and“story”isstillmessiertodaybecause____.A．peopleoftenfeelreluctanttotellatruestoryinafactualwayB．differentsidesofstoriesfallintodifferentcategoriestooeasilyC．peoplehavetotellcorrectorincorrectstoriesagainsttheirwillD．sometimesitisveryhardtodistinguishbetweenfactandfiction48．Theinventionof“herstory”revealsthat_____.A．historycanbeplainlyinterpretedas“hisstory”B．feministsdidn’tknowabouttheoriginsof“history”C．womenshoulddecidewhattobewritteninhistoryD．historyissomethingmadeasaone-sidedstory49．Whichinthefollowingisthebesttitle?A．TheseAretheCharacteristicsoftheWord“History”B．ThisIsWheretheWord“History”ComesFromC．Howdo“History”,“Story”and“Herstory”Differ?D．HistoryDoesn’tAlwaysTellAlltheTruthtoUs50．Thepassageismeantto________.A．discusstheoriginandmeaningoftheword“history”B．pointouttheproblemswiththewayhistoryistaughtC．showthathistoryisofteninfluencedbypersonalbiasesD．emphasizetheimportanceofknowingthetruemeaningofwords〖答案〗46．C47．D48．D49．D50．A【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要提到了女权主义者（feminists）在20世纪70年代拒绝“history”这个词并倡导“herstory”的背景，进而分析了这种行为的背后原因以及相关的语言学事实。文章还讨论了关于“history”一词的起源以及谁有权决定哪个版本的过去是正确的这一争议性话题。【46题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线单词前一句“Thewordsstoryandhistorysharemuchoftheirancestry(故事(story)和历史(history)这两个词有很多共同的渊源)”和下一句“Theworkingoutofdistinctionhastakencenturies.(区分已经花了几个世纪的时间。)”可推测，划线单词指的是“故事(story)和历史(history)这两个词的共同意义和用法”。故选C。【47题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Thedistinctionisstillmessierthanthat,ofcourse.Plentyofstorieslikethestoryofaperson’slifeora"truestory"onwhichaless-truefilmisbased-aresupposedtobefactual.Andplentyofstoriesgoagainsteasycategorizationonewayortheother.(当然，区别仍然比这更复杂。很多故事，比如一个人的生活故事，或者一部不太真实的电影所依据的“真实故事”，都应该是真实