广东省肇庆市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省肇庆市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末英语试题第一部分阅读(共两节，满分37.5分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFouroftheTopDestinationsforYourFamilyTripsintheUKCambridgeCambridgeisatopUKdestinationforfamilysummertrips,despitehavingalmostnotouristsunder16yearsold.Ithas51parkssuitableforlatesummersunbathingandofferspunting(乘船游览)ontheRiverCam.Evenifyoudon’tfancyhittingthewateryourself,youcanenjoywatchingfromJesusGreen.Familiescansatisfycuriosityat15museums,whereexperiencesrangefromthecoolnessofthePolarMuseumtothedinosaurexhibitionattheMuseumofZoology.Plus,entry(进入)isfreeatmanyofthemuseumstoo!EdinburghEdinburgh,with172kid-friendlyeventsallyearround,isawonderfulfamilydestination.Don’tmisstheEdinburghFringeFestivalinAugust,whichisperfectforallages.ActivitiesincludeexploringEdinburghCastle,climbingArthur’sSeat,andvisitingtheCameraObscura.HarryPotterfanswillenjoythePotterTrail,atouroflocationsthatinspiredthebooks.CrawleyCrawleyisatopUKfamilytripdestination,with62parksincludingTilgatePark,whichdrawsallages.CherryLaneAdventurePlaygroundisparticularlygoodforkids,withWildWest-themedareas,sports,andyear-roundactivities.OlderchildrenwillenjoyGoApeattheTilgatePark.AnimalfanscanvisitthenearbyBritishWildlifeCentre,hometoover40nativespecies.ReadingReading,withanaveragesummertemperatureof24℃,offerswarmweather.With33parksandoutdoorareaslikeBealeWildlifePark,whichfeaturesazoo,afarmyard,areptile(爬行动物)house,andplayareas,Readingisperfectforfamilies.Kidscanhave“animalexperiences”,learningaboutandpossiblyfeedingtheirfavoritecreatures.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutCambridge?A.MostvisitorstoCambridgeareover16yearsold.B.BathingintheRiverCammakesCambridgeunique.C.JesusGreenisaprivateparkchargingentryfees.D.ThePolarMuseumholdsdinosaurexhibitions.2.WhichplaceisattractivetoHarryPotterfans?A.EdinburghCastle. B.Arthur’sSeat.C.TheCameraObscura. D.ThePotterTrail.3.WhatdoCrawleyandReadinghaveincommon?A.Theyarehometotennativespecies.B.Theyholdyear-roundsportsactivities.C.Theyofferopportunitiestolearnaboutanimals.D.Theyareknownforhightemperaturesinsummer.〖答案〗1.A2.D3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个适合家庭旅行的英国的目的地。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据文章Cambridge中“CambridgeisatopUKdestinationforfamilysummertrips,despitehavingalmostnotouristsunder16yearsold.(剑桥是英国家庭夏季旅行的首选目的地，尽管几乎没有16岁以下的游客。)”可知，去剑桥的大部分都是16岁以上的游客。故选A项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章Edinburgh中“HarryPotterfanswillenjoythePotterTrail,atouroflocationsthatinspiredthebooks.(哈利波特迷们将享受波特之旅，这是一次灵感来源于书籍的地点之旅。)”可知,thePotterTrail吸引哈利·波特迷。故选D项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据文章Crawley中“AnimalfanscanvisitthenearbyBritishWildlifeCentre,hometoover40nativespecies.(动物爱好者可以参观附近的英国野生动物中心，那里有40多种本地物种。)”和Reading中“Kidscanhave‘animalexperiences’,learningaboutandpossiblyfeedingtheirfavoritecreatures.(孩子们可以有‘动物体验’，了解并可能喂养他们最喜欢的动物。)”可知，这两个地方都提供了解动物的机会。故选C项。BEverydayactivitiesoftenignoretheneedsofpeoplewithdisabilities,whichledtoNicolaSwannmugs(马克杯)becomingasymbolofkindness.Oneday,NicolaSwann,aBritishpotter,wasaskedbyherfriendtodosomethingexceptional.Thisfriend’shusbandhadproblemsusingregularmugsbecauseofaconditionthataffectedhisarmsandhands.ThisiswhereSwanndiscoveredawidespreadissue—disabledindividualsfeelinguncomfortableusingcups.Duetoadesiretohelp,Swanncameupwithananswer.Shemadethefirsttypeofherdisability-friendlymugsforherfriend’shusband.Themug,withtwohandles(把手),isbalancedandalsostylishinitsdesign.Thatwasthestartofwhatisnowcalled“Digni-TEA”mugsfromherMadewithMudbusiness.Withoutfail,Swannwasdeterminedtomakemugsthatlookedlikeeverydaydrinkingcups.Sherecognizedthataccessibilityshouldnotcomeatthecostofstyle.Everyone’sexperiencewithadisabilityisunique.Soshemademanydifferentstylesforeveryonetouse,fromdoublehandlestoweightedbottoms.Swann’sdecisiontocallherproducts“Digni-TEA”ismorethanjustachoiceofname.Hergoalistogivepeoplebacktheirdignity(尊严)sotheycandrinkfromaregularmugwithoutworryingaboutmedicalhelp.Swann’smugs,sharedonsocialmedia,gainedwidespreadattentionwithmillionsofviews.Peopleappreciatedtheirsimplicityandusefulness,whichtheyfeltmatchedeverydaydignity.Acommentsays,“Asaprofessionaldoctor,Ilovethis!Theyareimportanttomypatients.Greatwork!”“Ihaveterriblerheumatoidarthritis(类风湿性关节炎),andtheseseemsouseful.Thedoublehandlesarewonderful,”saysanothercomment.4.WhatinspiredSwanntomakedisability-friendlymugs?A.Herchildhoodhobby.B.Herpoorlivingcondition.C.Herdesireforbeingfamous.D.Herfriend’scallforassistance.5.WhydidSwanncreatearangeofdesignsofmugs?A.Tomakehermugsunique. B.Tomeetdiverseneeds.C.Toshowherspecialskills. D.Toincreaseproductsales.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesSwann?A.Caringandcreative. B.Seriousandimpolite.C.Braveandenergetic. D.Honestandresponsible.〖答案〗4.D5.B6.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了NicolaSwann朋友的丈夫因疾病导致在使用杯子时感到不舒服，然后她为朋友的丈夫制作无障碍马克杯，并设计了不同需求、不同风格的马克杯的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Oneday,NicolaSwann,aBritishpotter,wasaskedbyherfriendtodosomethingexceptional.Thisfriend’shusbandhadproblemsusingregularmugsbecauseofaconditionthataffectedhisarmsandhands.(一天，NicolaSwann，一位英国陶艺家，被她的朋友请求做一件与众不同的事。这位朋友的丈夫因为手臂和手的问题而不能使用普通的马克杯)”可知，朋友的求助启发了Swann，她制作了残疾人友好型马克杯。故选D项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Sherecognizedthataccessibilityshouldnotcomeatthecostofstyle.Everyone’sexperiencewithadisabilityisunique.Soshemademanydifferentstylesforeveryonetouse,fromdoublehandlestoweightedbottoms.(她认识到，无障碍不应以牺牲风格为代价。每个人的残疾经历都是独一无二的。所以她做了很多不同的款式供大家使用，从双把手到加重底)”可知，Swann设计了一系列的马克杯来满足不同的需求。故选B项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Duetoadesiretohelp,Swanncameupwithananswer.Shemadethefirsttypeofherdisability-friendlymugsforherfriend’shusband.(出于帮忙的愿望，Swann想出了一个〖答案〗。她为朋友的丈夫制作了第一款残疾人友好型马克杯)”和“Sherecognizedthataccessibilityshouldnotcomeatthecostofstyle.Everyone’sexperiencewithadisabilityisunique.Soshemademanydifferentstylesforeveryonetouse,fromdoublehandlestoweightedbottoms.(她认识到，无障碍不应以牺牲风格为代价。每个人的残疾经历都是独一无二的。所以她做了很多不同的款式供大家使用，从双把手到加重底)”可知，Swann帮助朋友的丈夫，并考虑到不同残疾人的需求，设计不同风格的马克杯，说明她是体贴人的，也是富有创造力的。故选A项。CIt’seasynottothinkmuchabouttheintelligenceofinsects.Smallcreatureswithevensmallerbrains—howsmartcantheybe?Butasresearchersbegintorethinkhowanimalsthink,eveninsectsarebeingseeninanewlight.NowanewstudyfromtheUniversityorBristolfindsthatHeliconiusbutterflies(蝴蝶)havetheabilitytolearnaboutspace.Totestthebutterflies’spatiallearningabilities,theresearcherssetupexperimentsacrossthreedifferentspatiallevels,eachreflectingbehaviorssignificanttotheirnaturalenvironment.First,theycheckedifthebutterfliescouldfindfoodamong16flowersinasmallarea.Next,theyenlargedthespace,seeingifthebutterfliescouldchoosethecorrectsideofalargermaze(迷宫)forfood.Finally,theyusedabigoutdoorcagetoseeifthebutterfliescouldfindtheirwaythroughawideT-mazeforfood.Thebutterfliessucceededinalltests.Thestudy’sseniorauthor,Dr.StephenMontgomery,notesthatthesefindingsshowthedifficultbehaviorsthatevenfamiliaranimalslikebutterfliesexhibitaspartoftheirnaturalecology(生态).Thesespeciesareprocessingdiverseinformationfromtheirenvironmentandutilizingittoperformdifficulttasks—allwithbrainsjustafewmillimeterswide.TheresearchersplantofurtherinvestigateHeliconiusbutterflies’spatiallearningabilitiesbycomparingthemtocloselyrelatedspeciesthatdonotfeedonpollen(花粉).Thiswillhelpshowhowananimal'senvironmentcanaffectthedevelopmentofitsthinkingskills.Co-leadauthorDr.PriscilaMourastressesthesignificanceofthesefindings,sayingthattheyprovideactualevidenceofthebutterflies’fascinatingspatiallearningabilities,asubjectthathasbeendiscussedfornearlyacentury.Withthenewunderstanding,theresearcherscancontinuetoexploreinsectintelligenceandbehavior.7.WhatdidtheUniversityofBristol’sstudyfindaboutHehicomiusbutterflies?A.Theyarecapableofspatiallearning.B.Theyrequireassistanceinfindingfood.C.Theycanflylongdistanceswithoutrest.D.Theyhaveasocialcirclelikeotherinsects.8.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlyfocuson?A.Theresearchbenefits. B.Theresearchprocess.C.Theresearchpapers. D.Theresearchteam.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“utilizing”inparagraph3mean?A.Checking. B.Seeking. C.Judging. D.Using.10.WhatisDr.PriscilaMoura’sattitudetowardthefindings?A.Doubtful. B.Puzzled. C.Supportive. D.Unclear.〖答案〗7.A8.B9.D10.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一项关于蝴蝶空间学习能力的研究。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“NowanewstudyfromtheUniversityorBristolfindsthatHeliconiusbutterflies(蝴蝶)havetheabilitytolearnaboutspace.(现在，布里斯托尔大学的一项新研究发现，Heliconius蝴蝶具有学习空间的能力。)”可知，研究发现蝴蝶具有空间学习能力。故选A项。【8题详析】主旨大意题。由文章第二段中“First,theycheckedifthebutterfliescouldfindfoodamong16flowersinasmallarea.Next,theyenlargedthespace,seeingifthebutterfliescouldchoosethecorrectsideofalargermaze(迷宫)forfood.Finally,theyusedabigoutdoorcagetoseeifthebutterfliescouldfindtheirwaythroughawideT-mazeforfood.Thebutterfliessucceededinalltests.(首先，他们检查蝴蝶是否能在小区域内的16朵花中找到食物。接下来，他们扩大了空间，看看蝴蝶是否能在更大的迷宫中选择正确的一侧作为食物。最后，他们用一个大的户外笼子，看看蝴蝶是否能穿过一个宽阔的T形迷宫寻找食物。蝴蝶在所有测试中都成功了。)”以及本段上文可知，文章第二段主要介绍了研究人员如何设置实验来测试蝴蝶的空间学习能力，故本段主要聚焦研究过程。故选B项。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据文章第三段中“Thesespeciesareprocessingdiverseinformationfromtheirenvironmentandutilizingittoperformdifficulttasks—allwithbrainsjustafewmillimeterswide.(这些物种正在处理来自环境的各种信息，并这些信息执行艰巨的任务——所有这些任务只用只有几毫米宽大脑完成。)”可知，这些物种处理来自环境的多样化信息，接下来应该是“利用”多样化信息来执行困难的任务。所以猜测utilizing表“利用”的意思。故选D项。【10题详析】推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Co-leadauthorDr.PriscilaMourastressesthesignificanceofthesefindings,sayingthattheyprovideactualevidenceofthebutterflies’fascinatingspatiallearningabilities,asubjectthathasbeendiscussedfornearlyacentury.Withthenewunderstanding,theresearcherscancontinuetoexploreinsectintelligenceandbehavior.(共同主要作者PriscilaMoura博士强调了这些发现的重要性，称它们为蝴蝶迷人的空间学习能力提供了实际证据，这一主题已经讨论了近一个世纪。有了新的认识，研究人员可以继续探索昆虫的智力和行为。)”可知，Dr.PriscilaMoura强调了这些发现的重要性，这表明Dr.PriscilaMoura对这些发现持支持态度。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Citygardensareuniquespotsinbusycities.Whowouldnotliketotakeabreakfromthebusylifeandvisitthesepeacefulplacesfulloflifeandcolours?____11____Theytakecareofthegardensandturnthemintocolourfulplacesforalltoenjoy.Gardensareremindersthatweshouldslowdownandappreciatethebeautyofnature.____12____There,thewindhitsgentlyonyourfacewhilecarryingarefreshingfragrance(香味)offlowers.Soundscalm,right?Thesoundofnaturecalmsthemindlikethelittlebeeshummingorleaveswhisperingtoeachotherinthemildwind.____13____It’sasifthey’retellingsoftlystoriesoftheearth’swondersforthosewhocareandlovetolistentothem.Theseplacesaren’tjustpretty;theyareaperfectplacetohangoutwithyourfamilyorfriends.Theyarelikecommunitycenterswhereeveryoneiswelcometochat,playgames,exercise,anddowhatevertheirheartdesires.____14____Youcanplantyourowngardeninthebackyardandenjoyitsquietness.Itisscientificallyproventhatspendingtimearoundthegreenscanaffectyourmood(心情)positivelyandhelpyougetmentalpeace.Everyoneshouldvisitcitygardensmonthlyforapeacefulbreak.Wheneveryou’refeelingstressed,gotorelaxinnature.Andwhenyoudo,don’tforgettogiveanodtothegardeningserviceteams.____15____A.They’remakingitallpossible.B.Imaginewalkinginacitygarden.C.It’slikenature’sownconversation.D.That’swheregardenersarediscovered.E.Gardeningisnothinglessthanatreatment.F.Whatmakesthemevenmorespecialarethegardeners.G.It’seasytokeepthesegardensgood-lookingandlively.〖答案〗11.F12.B13.C14.E15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了城市花园在现代都市生活中的重要性和多重益处。【11题详析】由上文“Citygardensareuniquespotsinbusycities.Whowouldnotliketotakeabreakfromthebusylifeandvisitthesepeacefulplacesfulloflifeandcolours?(城市花园是繁忙城市中的独特景点。谁不想从繁忙的生活中休息一下，参观这些充满生机和色彩的宁静之地呢？)”可知，这里主要讲城市花园的魅力，而F项Whatmakesthemevenmorespecialarethegardeners.(让它们更特别的是园丁。)符合语境，其中them指代上文Citygardens，thegardeners也与下文They对应，所以本句有承上启下作用。故选F项。【12题详析】由下文“There,thewindhitsgentlyonyourfacewhilecarryingarefreshingfragrance(香味)offlowers.Soundscalm,right?(在那里，风轻轻地吹在你的脸上，同时带着清新的花香。听起来很平静，对吧？)”可知，这里主要讲花园中的风景，而B项Imaginewalkinginacitygarden.(想象一下在城市花园里散步。)符合语境，其中inacitygarden与下文There对应，有启下作用。故选B项。【13题详析】由上文“Thesoundofnaturecalmsthemindlikethelittlebeeshummingorleaveswhisperingtoeachotherinthemildwind.(大自然的声音让心灵平静下来，就像小蜜蜂在微风中嗡嗡作响或树叶在窃窃私语。)”可知，这里主要讲大自然对心灵的作用，而C项It’slikenature’sownconversation.(这就像大自然自己的对话。)符合语境，其中It代指上文Thesoundofnature，有承上作用。故选C项。【14题详析】由下文“Youcanplantyourowngardeninthebackyardandenjoyitsquietness.Itisscientificallyproventhatspendingtimearoundthegreenscanaffectyourmood(心情)positivelyandhelpyougetmentalpeace.(你可以在后院种植自己的花园，享受它的宁静。科学证明，花时间在果岭周围可以积极影响你的情绪，帮助你获得心理平静。)”可知，本段提出建议，鼓励人们自己种植花园，并提到这样做对心情有积极影响。而E项Gardeningisnothinglessthanatreatment.(园艺就是一种治疗。)符合语境，对下文有总括作用，其中atreatment与下文getmentalpeace对应。故选E项。【15题详析】由上文“Everyoneshouldvisitcitygardensmonthlyforapeacefulbreak.Wheneveryou'refeelingstressed,gotorelaxinnature.Andwhenyoudo,don'tforgettogiveanodtothegardeningserviceteams.(每个人都应该每月去城市花园放松一下。每当你感到压力时，去大自然放松一下。当你这样做的时候，别忘了向园艺服务团队点头致敬。)”可知，本段进行总结，建议每个人每月至少去一次城市花园放松，同时要感谢园艺服务团队。而A项They’remakingitallpossible.(他们让这一切成为可能。)符合语境，其中They代指上文thegardeningserviceteams，有承上作用。故选A项。第二部分语言运用(共三节，满分57.5分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。UscarRiveraclimbedupathree-floorbuildingtosavehisneighborfromahousefire.OnApril14th,Riverawas___16___aplayfulbackyardmomentwithhischildrenwhen___17___heheardaloudnoise.Rushingtohisfrontyard,he___18___thehouseacrossthestreetenvelopedinflames(火焰),withcriesfor___19___comingfromwithin.Fearingthefiredepartmentwouldn’tarriveintime,Rivera___20___tohelp.Sohejumpedintoaction.Hebroughtoveraladder(梯子)and___21___itagainsttheburningbuilding.Despitethepowerfulsmoke,Riveraclimbeduptothe___22___onthethirdfloor.Amaninsidecriedout“Helpme.Ican’twalk!”Without___23___,Riveraheroicallypulledhimfromthewindowjustasprofessional___24___arrivedonthescene.“Ilookedattheguy,whowasfrightened,___25___help,”Riverarecalled(回忆)aboutthe___26___.“Atthemoment,Iwasn’t___27___.TosavehimisallthatI___28___todo.”Rivera’scourageousactshowstheselflessnatureofahero—a(n)___29___toriskhisownsafetytosaveanother.Hisbehavior___30___thatheroesdoexistandtheyoftencomeinthemostunexpectedforms.16.A.imagining B.enjoying C.describing D.expecting17.A.suddenly B.eventually C.definitely D.regularly18.A.bought B.built C.spotted D.decorated19.A.help B.permission C.advice D.recognition20.A.remembered B.learned C.failed D.decided21.A.knocked B.placed C.protected D.measured22.A.shelf B.roof C.window D.door23.A.hesitation B.luck C.doubt D.regret24.A.volunteers B.coaches C.lawyers D.firefighters25.A.headingto B.dependingon C.callingfor D.thinkingof26.A.rescue B.escape C.company D.impact27.A.worried B.scared C.pleased D.shocked28.A.happened B.refused C.pretended D.desired29.A.opportunity B.ability C.willingness D.moment30.A.proves B.promises C.requires D.claims〖答案〗16.B17.A18.C19.A20.D21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.A27.B28.D29.C30.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述UscarRivera爬上了一栋三层楼的建筑，从房屋火灾中救出了他的邻居的故事。【16题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：4月14日，Rivera和他的孩子们在后院玩得很开心，突然他听到一声巨响。A.imagining想象；B.enjoying享受；C.describing描述；D.expecting期望。由下文“aplayfulbackyardmomentwithhischildren”以及语境可知，这里指Rivera正“享受”和孩子一起的时光。故选B项。【17题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：4月14日，Rivera和他的孩子们在后院玩得很开心，突然他听到一声巨响。A.suddenly突然地；B.eventually最终；C.definitely明确地；D.regularly有规律地。由下文“heheardaloudnoise”以及语境可知，这里指正在享受开心时光时“突然”Rivera听到一声巨响。故选A项。【18题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他冲到前院，发现街对面的房子被火焰笼罩，屋里传来呼救声。A.bought买；B.built修建；C.spotted看见；D.decorated装饰。由下文“thehouseacrossthestreetenvelopedinflames”可知，这里指Rivera“看见”对面着火了。故选C项。【19题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他冲到前院，发现街对面的房子被火焰笼罩，屋里传来呼救声。A.help帮助；B.permission许可；C.advice建议；D.recognition认可。由下文“help”可知，这里屋里传出寻求“帮助”的叫声。故选A项。【20题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于担心消防部门不能及时赶到，Rivera决定帮忙。A.remembered记得；B.learned学习；C.failed失败；D.decided决定。由下文“Sohejumpedintoaction”可知，这里指Rivera“决定”帮忙。故选D项。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他搬来一个梯子，把它靠在燃烧的大楼上。A.knocked敲；B.placed放置；C.protected保护；D.measured测量。由下文“againsttheburningbuilding”可知，这里指把梯子“放置”靠在燃烧的大楼上。故选B项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管浓烟滚滚，Rivera还是爬上了三楼的窗户。A.shelf架子；B.roof屋顶；C.window窗口；D.door门。由下文“Riveraheroicallypulledhimfromthewindow”可知，这里指，Rivera爬上了三楼的“窗户”。故选C项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当专业消防员赶到现场时，Rivera毫不犹豫地英勇地将他从窗户里拉了出来。A.hesitation犹豫；B.luck运气；C.doubt怀疑；D.regret后悔。由下文“Riveraheroicallypulledhimfromthewindow”可知，这里指Rivera毫不“犹豫”开始实施营救。故选A项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当专业消防员赶到现场时，Rivera毫不犹豫地英勇地将他从窗户里拉了出来。A.volunteers志愿者；B.coaches教练；C.lawyers律师；D.firefighters消防员。由上文“Fearingthefiredepartmentwouldn’tarriveintime”可知，这里指“消防员”赶到了。故选D项。【25题详析】考查动词词组辨析。句意：Rivera回忆起救援时说：“我看着那个吓坏了的家伙，他在呼救。”A.headingto前往；B.dependingon取决于；C.callingfor呼吁，要求；D.thinkingof考虑。由上文“withcriesforcomingfromwithin”可知，这里指被救人正在“要求”帮助，即呼救。故选C项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rivera回忆起救援时说：“我看着那个吓坏了的家伙，他在呼救。”A.rescue营救；B.escape逃跑；C.company陪同；D.impact影响。由上文“Riveraheroicallypulledhimfromthewindow”以及语境可知，这里指回忆这次“营救”。故选A项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那一刻，我并不害怕。A.worried担心的；B.scared害怕的；C.pleased高兴的；D.shocked震惊的。由上文“Without”可知，这里Rivera毫不犹豫，所以他并不“害怕的”。故选B项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只想救他。A.happened发生；B.refused拒绝；C.pretended假装；D.desired想。由上文“Tosavehim”以及语境可知，这里指救人是Rivera当时唯一“想”做的。故选D项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rivera的勇敢行为表明了英雄的无私本性——愿意冒着生命危险去拯救他人。A.opportunity机会；B.ability能力；C.willingness愿意；D.moment时刻。由下文“riskhisownsafetytosaveanother”以及语境可知，这里指英雄就是“愿意”冒着生命危险去拯救他人。故选C项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的行为证明英雄确实存在，而且他们经常以最意想不到的形式出现。A.proves证明；B.promises承诺；C.requires需要；D.claims声称。由上文“Hisbehavior”以及语境可知，这里指Rivera的行为“证明”英雄确实存在。故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThehistoryoftheChinesefan___31___(date)backtoover3,000yearsago,aroundtheShangDynasty.NamedShanhan,oneofthe___32___(early)known“fans”inChinawasn’tlikethehand-heldoneswestillseetoday.Theyweretiedtoahorse-drawncarriage(马车)andusedtoblocktheheatofthesunandshelter___33___(passenger)fromtherain(muchliketoday’sumbrella).However,theShanhansoondevelopedintoalong-handledfan.Thelong-handledfan___34___(call)theZhangshan.Madeofthin,yettoughsilkorbirdfeathers,thistypeoffanwas___35___(main)usedbytheemperor’s(皇帝的)honorguardfordecoration.Itwasn’tuntiltheZhouDynasty,morethan2,000yearsago,thatpeoplestartedusingfoldingfans___36___(cool)down.The“featherfan”becamepopularamongtheworthypeople___37___contributedpositivelytosocietybecauseitwasextremelyexpensivetoproduce.DuringtheHanDynasty,thefanbecamepopularamongcommonpeopleasmore___38___(afford)bamboofanswereinvented.FromitsbeginningduringtheShangDynasty___39___havingover500kindsoffansinChinatoday,foldingfanshavestoodthetestoftime____40____theyarestillwidelypopular—notonlyinChinabutalsoaroundtheworld.〖答案〗31.dates32.earliest33.passengers34.wascalled35.mainly36.tocool37.who/that38.affordable39.to40.and【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了中国扇子的历史发展，从最初的马车上用于遮阳避雨的扇子，到长柄扇和折扇的演变，以及扇子在不同社会阶层中的流行情况。【31题详析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：中国扇子的历史可以追溯到3000多年前的商朝左右。datesbackto(追溯到；始于)是谓语动词，与主语Thehistory之间是主动关系，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，主语是不可数名词，谓语动词要用单数形式。故填dates。【32题详析】考查形容词最高级。句意：被称为扇汗，是中国最早为人所知的“扇子”之一，它并不像我们今天仍然看到的手持扇子。“oneof+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定短语，意为“最……之一”，用形容词最高级the

earliest作定语。故填earliest。【33题详析】考查名词复数。句意：它们被绑在马车上，用来阻挡太阳的热量，并为乘客遮雨(很像今天的雨伞)。可数名词passenger作宾语，前面没有冠词修饰，结合句意，乘客不止一位，用复数形式。故填passengers。【34题详析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：长柄扇被称为张山。call(给……命名；称呼)是谓语动词，与主语Thelong-handledfan之间是被动关系，描述过去的事情用一般过去时态，又因主语是单数名词，谓语动词要用单数形式。故填wascalled。【35题详析】考查副词。句意：这种扇子主要由皇帝的仪仗队用作装饰。修饰谓语动词wasused，应用副词mainly作状语，意为“主要地”。故填mainly。【36题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：直到2000多年前的周朝，人们才开始使用折叠扇来降温。usesthtodosth是固定搭配，意为“用某物做某事”，用不定式作目的状语。故填tocool。【37题详析】考查定语从句。句意：“羽扇”在值得尊敬的人中很受欢迎，因为他们为社会做出了积极的贡献，而且它的制作成本非常高。空格处单词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词people，指人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who或者that引导该从句。故填who/that。【38题详析】考查形容词。句意：在汉朝时期，由于发明了更多价格适中的竹扇，扇子在普通人中流行起来。〖提示〗词修饰名词bamboofans，用形容词形式affordable作定语，意为“便宜的；价格实惠的”。故填affordable。【39题详析】考查介词。句意：从商朝开始到今天中国拥有500多种扇子，折叠扇经受住了时间的考验，并且它们仍然广受欢迎——不仅在中国，而且在世界各地。from…to…是固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。故填to。【40题详析】考查连词。句意：从商朝开始到今天中国拥有500多种扇子，折叠扇经受住了时间的考验，并且它们仍然广受欢迎——不仅在中国，而且在世界各地。“foldingfanshavestoodthetestoftime”和“theyarestillwidelypopular”是两个并列分句，用并列连词and连接。故填and。第三节(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)根据所给单词的首字母或汉语〖提示〗，在答题卡上写出空缺单词的正确完整形式，每空一词。41.TherearecountlessarticlestellingushowtheInternethasmadeourlivesmore_______(便利的).(根据汉语意思单词拼写)〖答案〗convenient【详析】考查形容词。句意：有无数的文章告诉我们互联网如何使我们的生活更方便。根据汉语〖提示〗可知，convenient便利的，形容词作宾语补足语，符合题意。故填convenient。42.Thefourcountriesthatb________totheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.(根据首字母单词拼写)〖答案〗belong【详析】考查动词。句意：这四个属于英国的国家在某些领域进行合作。他们使用同样的旗帜，即英国国旗，并且使用同样的货币和军事防御。根据“totheUnitedKingdom”和首字母〖提示〗可推知，空处应用动词belong，构成动词短语belongto，意为“属于”，且结合“worktogether”可知，此处在介绍一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，that引导的定语从句修饰先行词Thefourcountries，先行词在从句中作主语，belong应用原形。故填belong。43.Inspired,heaskedhisfanstomakevideos,whichhethenjoinedtogetherintoonep______.(根据首字母单词拼写)〖答案〗performance【详析】考查名词。句意：受到启发，他让粉丝们制作视频，然后他把这些视频拼接成一场表演。根据句意以及首字母可知，空处应为名词performance，作宾语，由空前one可知，应用名词单数形式。故填performance。44.Peoplecelebratetoshowthattheyare________(感激的)fortheyear’ssupplyoffood.（根据汉语〖提示〗单词拼写）〖答案〗grateful/thankful【详析】考查形容词。句意：人们庆祝是为了表达他们对这一年食物供应的感激之情。begrateful/thankfulfor对……感激。根据汉语〖提示〗及句意，故填grateful/thankful。45.Ofallthetraditionalfestivals,theh________festivalcanbefoundinalmosteveryculture.Thisimportantagriculturefestivaltakesplaceafterallthecropshavebeengatheredin.(根据首字母单词拼写)〖答案〗harvest【详析】考查名词。句意：在所有的传统节日中，收获节几乎可以在每一种文化中找到。这个重要的农业节日是在所有的庄稼收割完毕之后举行的。根据空格后的名词festival再根据首字母〖提示〗可知，此处用名词harvest作定语修饰名词festival表示“收获节”符合语境。故填harvest。46.Dr.Lindidnot________(退休)untilthedayshedied,22April1983.(根据汉语〖提示〗单词拼写）〖答案〗retire【详析】考查动词。句意：林医生直到1983年4月22日去世那天才退休。didnot后接动词原形，根据汉语〖提示〗及句意，故填retire。47.Shewasmoreinterestedintendingpatients,________(发表，出版)medicalresearchoncareforwomenandchildren,andtrainingthenextgenerationofdoctors.（根据汉语〖提示〗单词拼写）〖答案〗publishing【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她更感兴趣的是照顾病人，发表关于妇女和儿童护理的医学研究，以及培训下一代医生。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式，“发表，出版”英文为publish，逻辑主语She与publish之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。根据汉语〖提示〗及句意，故填publishing。48.Andwhatacity—acitythatwasabletorebuilditselfaftertheearthquakethato___________in1906.(根据首字母单词拼写)〖答案〗occurred【详析】考查动词。句意：这是一座多么伟大的城市——一座在1906年地震后能够自我重建的城市。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“发生”，为动词occur，在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，由in1906可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填occurred。49.Toe________aliving,someChineseopenedupshopsandrestaurantsinChinatown.(根据首字母单词拼写)〖答案〗earn【详析】考查动词。句意：为了谋生，一些中国人在唐人街开了商店和餐馆。根据句意和首字母可知，空处为动词不定式作目的状语，earnaliving谋生，符合句意。故填earn。50.Theymakev________tocarrybravepeopleintospacetofindoutthesecretsoftheuniverse.(根据首字母单词拼写)〖答案〗vehicles【详析】考查名词。句意：他们制造了运载工具，将勇敢的人送入太空，以发现宇宙的秘密。根据首字母和中文〖提示〗可知，此空应填vehicle表“交通工具”，为可数名词，且空前没有冠词，所以这里应用复数形式作宾语。故填vehicles。51.On4October1957,theSputnik1satellitewas________(发射)bytheUSSRandsuccessfullyorbitedaroundEarth.(根据汉语〖提示〗单词拼写)〖答案〗launched【详析】考查动词和语态。句意：1957年10月4日，苏联发射了Sputnik1号卫星，并成功绕地球轨道运行。根据句意和中文〖提示〗可知，表示“发射”应用launch，为动词，主语theSputnik1satellite与launch之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式与前面was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填launched。52.Aboutamonthago,Iwas________(乘船航行),andtowardsnightIfoundmyselfcarriedouttoseabyastrongwind.〖答案〗sailing/navigating【详析】考查动词和时态。句意：大约一个月前，我在航海，天快黑的时候，我发现自己被一阵大风吹到了海上。“乘船航行”是谓语，用动词sail或者navigate表示，与主语I之间是主动关系，结合句意空格前助动词was可知，描述过去某个时刻正发生的事情用过去进行时态，用现在分词形式sailing/navigating。故填sailing/navigating。53.DimitriimmediatelywenttoAleko’shouseandangrily________(指控;指责)himofstealingthelamb.(根据汉语〖提示〗单词拼写)〖答案〗accused【详析】考查动词。句意：迪米特里立刻跑到阿列科家，愤怒地指责他偷了羊羔。指控；指责为accuse，根据went可知，描述过去发生的事，为一般过去时。故填accused。54.Hedescribeditas“averyagreeablesituationl________withintwosmallhillsinthemidstofwhichflowedagreatriver”.(根据首字母单词拼写)〖答案〗