Unit4ExploringliteratureGrammarandusage课件高中英语译林版

B2Unit4ExploringliteratureGrammarModalverbsReadthewebsitearticleonP48andcompletethemindmap.Tosolvetheproblemof“whatshallIread?”(1)(2)(3)(4)Lookthroughthecollectionsinlibrary.Getideasfromdifferentsources.Developyourowntaste.Askfriends,parents,andteacherstorecommendbooks.Readbookreviewsinnewspapers,inmagazinesoronline.Lookforbooksontopicsthatinterestyou.FreetalkWhatshallIread?Whatareyoursuggestions?ExpressingnecessityMakingsuggestionsExpressingnecessityTostartwith,askyourfriends,parentsandteacherstorecommendwhatbooksyououghttoread.Youcouldalsoreadbookreviewsinnewspapers,inmagazinesoronline.However,youmustalsodecideforyourselfwhatkindofbookstoread.感知以下课文原句，指出句中情态动词的含义1.Wemustknowallthese，ifthebookistospeakitswholemessage.must表必要性，意为“必须”2.Ahundredmenmaypassafieldandseeonlydeadgrass...may表猜测，意为“可能”3.Toachievethis，itshouldcontaintwoelements:universalinterestandpersonalstyle.should表劝告或建议，意为“应该”4.Italsotakesonapersonalstyle—nowritercandescribehumanlifewithoutreflectinghisownlifeandexperiences.can表能力，意为“能够”情态动词(modalverbs)，即表示人的情感和态度的动词，它们本身有一定的词义，但是不能独立作谓语，只能跟动词原形一起构成谓语。常见的情态动词Modalverbs​cancould表能力ability过去的能力表请求与许可request&permission更委婉表可能性posibilitycan't可能性更小could't

can/could能，会可以有时会／可能不可能不可能【注意】表示“能力”时，beableto和can可以换用。但是注意beableto能用于多种时态，was/wereableto表示“通过努力做成某事”，can没有此种用法。翻译并且理解can/could的用法TomcanspeakChinesewellwhileMarycan’t.Hecouldplayfootballattheageof5.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryonewasabletogetout.Could

/Can

I

useyourcomputer

?Don’teatit.Itcouldbepoisonous.Thenewscan’tbetrue.Alcoholcancausecancer.能，会能，会可以有时会／可能不可能有时会／可能通过努力做成某事maymight表请求与许可request&permission更委婉表可能性posibilitymaynot可能性更小mightnot

may/might可以可能,或许可能不可能不【注意】may(just)aswell,mightaswell“不妨，还是……为好”（可以用来提出建议）Sinceit’safineday,wemightaswellhaveawalkinthegarden.翻译并且理解may和might的用法Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.--Might/MayIuseyourtelephone?--Yes,youmay./No,youmustn’t./You’dbetternot.Itmayraintomorrow.Ithoughtyoumightlikesomethingtoread,soIboughtsomebooksforyou.5.I

thinkhemay/mightnotcometoday.表许可表可能性表请求许可表可能性表可能性可能不will/wouldwillwould表示“意志、意愿、决心”指过去会,愿表示请求和建议等。用于第二人称疑问句委婉客气好吗？可以吗？愿意不？总是，老是,习惯于表示某种倾向或习惯性动作表过去的习惯动作usedto表示过去的状态或动作现在已经结束翻译并且理解will和would的用法.1.Iwillnevertellyouthesecret.2.Shesaidshewouldbuyacar.3.Would/Willyoupassthisbooktothestudentinthelastrow？4.Theboywillsittherehourafterhourlookingatthetrafficgoby.5.Inclasshewouldasksomesillyquestions,andhisclassmateswouldlaughathim.6.Thedoorwon’topen.主语为物时，表固有性质、倾向。门打不开。我永远不会告诉你这个秘密。她说她会买一辆车。总是，老是,习惯于总是，老是,习惯于好吗？可以吗？愿意不？(1)表示“必须”，语气比should，oughtto强烈。

其否定形式为mustn’t(不准，禁止)。

Youmustn’tdothat，becauseyoumustkeepyourword.

你不能那么做，因为你得遵守诺言。Allvisitorsmustreporttoreception.

所有来宾必须到接待处报到。must以must开头的一般疑问句的肯定回答中要用must，否定回答中要用needn’t/don’thaveto。—MustIfinishthepapertoday?—Yes，youmust./No，youneedn’t/don’thaveto.【注意】must含有说话者的强烈决意（表示主观的看法），haveto则表示外力环境使然（表示客观的必要，作“不得不”解）。Imuststudyhard.我必须努力学习。（发自内心的决定）Ihavetostudyhard.我不得不努力学习。（外界因素逼迫）don'thaveto意思是“没有必要”=don'tneedto(2)must表示可能性或肯定推测，只用在肯定句中，

意为“一定，准是,想必”；

Youhaveworkedhardallday.Youmustbetired.

你一定累了。(对现在情况的推测判断)Putonmoreclothes.Youmustbefeelingcoldwithonlyashirton.

Thegroundiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.

①mustdo(这里的do常是状态动词或系动词be)，表示对现在状态的推测。②mustbedoing表示对现在动作或状态的推测。③musthavedone表对现在/过去的动作状态的推测。(3)表说话人生气或不满的情绪，意为“偏要；非得”。—Mustyouinterruptnow?Can’tyouseeI’monthephone?—Sorry,sir,butit’surgent.1.表示义务，意为“应该”（某件事宜于做），用于各种人称.2.表示对过去,现在或将来情况的某种推测,译为“可能、照说应该”。3.表示“意外、惊讶”等绪，常意为“竟然；居然”。Childrenshouldobeytheirparents.Ifinditastonishingthatheshouldbesorudetoyou.Thefilmshouldbeverygoodasitisstarringfirst-classactors.should/oughtto【警示误区】1.oughtto表示“应该”是从“义务责任”或“按理推断”的角度来讲的,口气比should稍重。should则是从说话人的个人看法这一角度来讲的。Youarehermother.Yououghttolookafterher.你是她的母亲,你应当照管她.（是道义上的责任,不能和should互换.）Pricesoughttocomedownsoon.There'safinesunset;itoughttobeafinedaytomorrow.2.oughtto表示“推测”，暗含很大的可能,可译为“应该是，会是”。Weoughttodefendourcountry.（义务）Oughtn'twetodoeverythingpossibletostoppollution?（责任）价格可能会很快下跌。今天有晚霞，明天应该是个好天。(1)shall用于二、三人称的陈述句，表“命令、威胁、警告、强制允诺、决心”等。Youshallarrivetherebeforesunset.(命令)Heshallhavemyanswertomorrow.(允诺)Nothingshallstopusfromcarryingouttheplan.(决心)Heshan’tcome.我不会让他来。shall(威胁)(2)shall用于一、三人称的疑问句，表征询意见或请求允许.Shallwemeetattheschoolgateintheevening?(3)shall常用于主语是第三人称的条约、法律法规、规章制度等文件中表“义务”或“规定”。OneofourrulesisthateverystudentshallwearschooluniformStudentsshallnotusecalculatorsduringexams.Shallthewaiterbringmealstoyourroom？dare

既作情态动词,也作行为动词,指勇气和胆量上的可能,可译为“敢”need既作实义动词,也作情态动词。表示“需要,有必要”，Idarenot/daren'twalkthroughtheforestatnight.Youneedn'treturnthebooknow.Plantneedswater.Mycarneedsrepairing.Hehasgrownup.Wedon'tneedtoworryabouthim.Patienceisneededforthatjob.Hedaredmetojumpoverthestream.Didanyonedaretoadmitit？情态动词+havedonemusthavedonecan’t/couldn’thavedonemay/mighthavedonecouldhavedoneshould/oughttohavedoneshouldn’t/oughtn’ttohavedoneneedn’thavedone一定做过某事也许/或许已经做……过去可能会做...本能够做,但是未做过去不可能做过某事“本该做某事，却没做”“本不该做某事，却做了”“本不必做某事,却做了”1.他意识到一定有什么人进过他的房间。Hewasawarethatsomeone________________hisroom.2.谁会想到你会做出这样的事情？Who_____________________youdidsuchathing?3.你这么晚的时候本不应该一个人来这里的。You____________________________herealoneatsuchalatehour.musthaveenteredcouldhavesupposedshouldn’t/oughtn’ttohavecomeExercises4.她本不必亲自来——写封信来就足够了。She________________inperson—aletterwouldhavebeenenough.5.我找不到我的钥匙了。我可能昨天把它们落在学校了。Ican’tfindmykeys.I__________________thematschoolyesterday.needn’thavecomemay/mighthaveleft【ModalverbsinNMET高考中的情态动词】（2022全国甲卷）Intheexperiment,Goffin’scockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognitionalone.（2022全国乙卷）Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproved..Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.（2022新高考I卷)Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.（2020全国III卷）Theartistwassurehewould_____________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.（2020浙江1月卷）Peopletendtofocusonthefirstfactor.However,greaterattentionshould_______________(place)onlongevity(长寿).beplacedbechosenApplyingtherules（P49）B1Forthefollowinggroupsofthreesentences,tickthesentencewhichusesthemodalverbdifferentlyfromtheothertwo.a

CanIkeepthebookformorethantwoweeks?

bNickcanreadmoreinanafternoonthanIcaninaweek!

cCanMaryfinishWarandPeaceinamonth?aIamafraidImaybeunabletofinishthisnoveltoday.

bItmaybedifficultforpeopletoagreeonwhatgoodliteratureis.

cYoumaygotothelibrarytomorrowafternoon,ifyouhavetime.√√requestabilityabilitypossibilitypossibilitysuggestionApplyingtherulesB1Forthefollowinggroupsofthreesentences,tickthesentencewhichusesthemodalverbdifferentlyfromtheothertwo.aImustfinishwritingthebookreviewandhanditinbeforeWednesday.

bYoumustbetiredafterthreehours’reading.cStudentsmustdevelopthehabitofreadingclassicliterature.aHenryshouldbereadingbooksinthelibrary.bIhavefiftydollars—thatshouldbeenoughforthreebooks.cReadingEnglishnovelshasgreatlyincreasedmyvocabulary—youshouldtryittoo.√√necessitypossibilitynecessitypossibilitypossibilitysuggestionB2Belowisanentryinastudent’sreadingjournal.Completetheentrywiththecorrectmodelverbsinbrackets.WhenmyEnglishteachersuggestedthatIreadCharlesDickens’sAChristmasCarol,Ithought,“I(1)

(can’t/shouldn’t)readthis!It(2)

(hasto/must)beveryboring.”Surprisingly,itturnedouttheexactopposite.I(3)

(could/might)notstopturningthepages!Thebook’smaincharacterisScrooge,arichbutmeanoldman.Hehatesallkindsofcelebrations.OnChristmaseve,heistransportedtodifferentpointsinhislifebythreespirits.Intheend,hereflects

on

thesemomentsandrealizeshismistakes.Thenhedecidesthathe(4)

(might/must)changehimself.OnChristmasmorning,hesendsalargeturkeytoapoormanforChristmasdinner.Healsotriestomakehisfamilyandfriendshappybyspendingtimewiththem.can’tmustcouldmustB2Belowisanentryinastudent’sreadingjournal.Completetheentrywiththecorrectmodelverbsinbrackets.Thereissomethingthat(5)

(can/must)belearntfromAChristmasCarol:we(6)

(should/may)treatotherswithkindness,generosityandlove.Ithinkeveryone(7)

(would/oughtto)readthisbook.canshouldoughttoCFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebrackets,usingthepropermodalverbs.