人教版英语必修五-unit1-同步练习

第1页共16页Unit1GreatscientistsⅡ.单项选择，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案完成句子1.Thedoctorsuggestedthatthegirl________inordertoloseweight.A.mustnoteatless B.oughtnottoeatlessC.hadbetternoteatless D.noteatless2.Thelittleboycamebacktolife________hetookthemedicinegivenbyDoctorSnow.A.atonce B.immediately C.atlast D.shortly3.AstatueofDrBethunewassetupinhonourofthecontributionshehadmade________.A.tohelpourrevolutionarywork B.inhelpourrevolutionaryworkC.tosavingsomanylivesinthewar D.forhavingsavedsomanylivesinthewar4.AspecialteamwassenttoShandongProvincetolookintothecauseofthetrainaccident.Andtheinvestigationshowedthathighspeed________.A.wastobeblamed B.wastoblame C.shouldblame D.hadtoblame5.—Whois________thepatient?—Maybehissister.A.takingcare B.lookingfor C.joiningin D.attendingon6.Hisreportaboutthedisasterwasnotbelievable.Hedidn’treallygotothespot;instead,he________thewholestory.A.thoughtup B.setup C.madeup D.putup7.Itwilldoharmtoyourhealthifyouget________totheX-raytoomuch.A.exposed B.linking C.linked D.exposing8.Manypeople________buyinggoodsinthissupermarketforitsbadservice.A.refused B.rejected C.resisted D.removed9.Finally,thingswereunder________afterdaysoftheearthquakes.A.control B.charge C.peace D.disorder10.Fromhis________face,wecouldtellhowthrillingthemoviewas.A.beingterrified B.terrifying C.havingterrified D.terrified11.Hetoldmeaboutthethings________atthemeetingyesterday.A.discussed B.tobedisscussedC.todiscuss D.beingdiscussed12.―Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?―Thekeytheproblemistomeetthedamandbythecustomers.A.tosolving;making B.tosolving;made C.tosolve;making D.tosolve;made13.―I’mverywithmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.―Mm,itdoeshaveasmell.A.pleasant;pleased B.pleased;pleased C.pleasant;pleasant D.pleased;pleasant14.It’sapleasuretowatchthefaceofa(n)baby.A.asleep B.sleep C.sleeping D.slept15.ThisisatempleduringtheQingDynasty.A.built B.tobebuilt C.havingbuilt D.beingbuiltⅢ.用括号中所给词汇的正确形式完成下列句子1.JohnSnowtoldthestoryaboutthe________(astonish)peopleinBroadStreet.2.Don’tdrink________(pollute)water,becauseitmaycausediseases.3.Someofthepeople________(invite)tothepartycouldn’tcome.4.Thereisacar________(park)outsidethehouse.5.Wewere________(inspire)bythe________(inspire)news.6.

Whyareyoulookingso________(disappoint)?7.

Hehasbeenteachingfortenyears.Heisan________(experience)teacher.8.Fromthestomach,thediseaseattackedthebodyquicklyandsoonthe________(affect)personwasdead.9.Hissuccessissomewhat________(link)tohishardwork.10.Themanagerprefersreadingthenewspaper________(deliver)tohisofficebeforesettingaboutwork.Ⅳ.根据所给的汉语提示及重点词语，将下列汉语译成英语1.这种新药已经治愈了数以万计人的天花，这说明它是有效的。(cure,prove)__________________________________________________________________________2.

昨晚半夜起来看球导致现在他在课堂上睡觉。(lead)__________________________________________________________________________3.面对失败，哭泣没有任何用。(use)__________________________________________________________________________4.不要总把失败归咎于他人。有时该怪自己。(blame)__________________________________________________________________________5.他们正在全神贯注地看电影。(absorb)__________________________________________________________________________Ⅴ.完形填空 Asuccessfulscientistisgenerallyagoodobserver.Hemakesfull1ofthefactsheobserves.Hedoesn’tacceptideaswhicharenot2onfacts,andthereforerefusestoacceptauthority（权威）astheonlyreasonfortruth.Healways3ideascarefullyandmakesexperimentstoprovethem. Theriseof4sciencemayperhapsbeconsideredto5asfarbackasthe6ofRogerBacon,thewonderfulphilosopherofOxford,wholivedbetweentheyears1214and1292.HewasprobablythefirstintheMiddleAgestosuggestthatweshouldlearnscience7observingandexperimentingonthethingsaroundus,andhehimself8manyimportantdiscoveries. Galileo,however,wholivedmorethan300yearslater,wasthegreatestofseveralgreatmen,9livedinItaly,France,Germany,orEngland,beganby10toshowhowmanyimportant11couldbediscoveredbyobservation.BeforeGalileo,learnedmenbelievedthatlargebodiesfellmore12towardstheearththansmallones,becauseAristotlesaidso.ButGalileo,goingtothe13oftheLeaningTowerofPisa,letfalltwo14stonesandprovedAristotlewaswrong.ItwasGalileo’s15ofgoingdirecttoNature,andprovingouropinionsandtheoriesbyexperiment,thathasledtoallthediscoveriesofmodernscience.1.A.use B.time C.speed D.trust2.A.worked B.based C.lived D.written3.A.thinks B.checks C.has D.learn4.A.natural B.physical C.ancient D.modern5.A.date B.keep C.look D.take6.A.study B.time C.year D.birth7.A.in B.with C.on D.by8.A.did B.made C.took D.gave9.A.who B.when C.that D.where10.A.ways B.degrees C.levels D.chance11.A.truths B.problems C.people D.subjects12.A.slowly B.rapidly C.lightly D.heavily13.A.place B.foot C.top D.ceiling14.A.big B.small C.equal D.unequal15.A.spirit B.skill C.theory D.discoveryⅥ.阅读理解，根据短文内容选择正确答案（A） EinsteinwasborninUlm,GermanyonMar.14,1879.Einstein’sparentsmovedfromUlmtoMunichwhenEinsteinwasstillababy.Thefamilybusinesswasthemanufactureofelectricalparts.Whenthebusinessfailed,in1894,thefamilymovedtoMilan,Italy.AtthistimeEinsteindecidedofficiallytogiveuphisGermancitizenship.Withinayear,stillwithouthavingcompletedsecondaryschool（中学,Einsteinfailedanexaminationthatwouldhaveallowedhimtocontinuewithacourseofstudyleadingtoadiploma（文凭）asanelectricalengineerattheSwissFederalInstitueofTechnology.HespentthenextyearinnearbyAarauatasecondaryschool,whereheenjoyedexcellentteachersandfirst-ratefacilities（设备）inphysics.Einsteinreturnedin1896totheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnology,wherehegraduated,in1900asasecondaryschoolteacherofmathematicsandphysics. AftertwoyearshegotapostattheSwisspatent（专利）officeinBern.ThepatentofficeworkrequiredEinstein’scarefulattention,butwhileemployed（1902－1909）there,hecompletedanastonishingrangeofpublicationsintheoreticalphysics.Forthemostpartthesetextswerewritteninhissparetimeandwithoutthebenefitofclosecontact（接触）witheitherthescientificliteratureortheoreticiancolleagues.EinsteinsubmittedoneofhisscientificpaperstotheUniversityofZurichforaPhDdegreein1905.In1908hesentasecondpapertotheUniversityofBernandbecamealecturerthere.ThenextyearEinsteinreceivedaregularappointmentasassociateprofessorofphysicsattheUniversityofZurich. By1909,EinsteinwasrecognizedthroughoutGerman-speakingEuropeasaleadingscientificthinker.1.WhichofthefollowingshowstherightorderoftheeventsthathappenedtoEinstein?a.graduatedfromtheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnologyb.movedtoMilanc.gotapostattheSwisspatentofficeinBernd.workedintheUniversityofZuriche.studiedatasecondaryschoolinAarauf.gaveuphisGermancitizenshipA.c,b,a,e,d,f B.a,b,f,e,d,c C.b,f,e,a,d,c D.b,f,e,a,c,d2.HowmanycountriesdidEinsteinstayinbeforehebecamesuccessful?A.2. B.3. C.4. D.5.3.WhatdidEinsteindowhenhewasinthepatentoffice?A.Hepaidlittleattentiontohiswork. B.Hewroteplentyofscientificworks.C.Hekeptclosecontactwithhisfriends. D.Hereadalotofphysicsbooks.4.WhichofthefollowingdoyouthinkplayedthemostimportantroleinEinstein’ssuccess?A.HisschoolyearinthesecondaryschoolinAarau.B.HisyearsintheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnology.C.HisyearsintheSwisspatentoffice.D.HisPhDdegree.（B）AllisonSchwartzfromConnecticut： MarieCurieismyherobecausesheshowsdetermination,andthatifyoukeepatyourgoalyouwillgetwhatyouwant.Shewasaninventorandascientist.ShediscoveredradiumandsheinventedthefirstmobileX-raymachinesothatsoldierscouldbeX-rayedinthefieldwhentheywerehurt.Ithoughtitwasneat（极好的）thatshewasthefirstwomantoreceivetheNobelPrizeforscience.SebastianRobbinsfromWashington: Someonewhofailedatsomethingandmovedbeyondit.Forme,itwasAlbertEinstein.WhenIheardthathefailedalgebra（代数）,Iknewwehadaconnection.WhenIheardatageninehespokehesitantly（吞吞吐吐的,IknewIhadarrived.Ididn’tletthefactsdissuade（劝阻）me.InrealityheneverfailedmathbuthedidfailintheentranceexamtothePolytechnicInstituteofZurich;thatwasenoughforme.Ihadtowalkhomewithmyshareofpapersthathad“haveyourmothercallme”writteninredonpartofthepaper.Iwouldperiodicallythinkofthewordsfromhis“gymnasium”(highschool)teacherinMunich,“Yourmerepresencehereundermines（破坏）theclass’respectforme.”RachelKernfromNewMexico: IamaseniorattheNewMexicoInstituteofMiningandTechnology,majoringinchemistrywithaminor（主修）inenvironmentalscience.Iaminterestedinmanyenvironmentalissues,includingalternative（替代性的）energy.IreallyadmirescientistssuchasLinusPauling,RachelCarson,andAlbertEinsteinwhodidnotseparatetheirprivatebeliefsfromtheirwork.Theycombinedtheirscientificknowledgewiththeirmoral（道德的）andethical（伦理的）beliefstoeducateothersonenvironmental,political,andsocialissues.OwenPainefromNewJersey IadmireEinstein.Okay,Iadmireit;I’manEinsteingroupie.SomemorningsIevenhavehishair.IhaveEinsteincalendars,coffeemugs,posters,neckties,T-shirts,biographies（传纪）andevenalifesizesoftsculpture（雕刻）ofhimsittinginmyoffice.IhaveeverythingEinsteiniumexcepthisproblemsolvingskills.5.WhydoesAllisonSchwartzadmireMadameCurie?A.Forherdetermination. B.Forherscientificdiscovery.C.Forherscientificinvention. D.FortheNobelPrizeshewon.6.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutEinsteinaccordingtoSebastianRobbins?A.Hewasnotgoodatalgebraatschool.B.Hewasaboyofslowspeech.C.HefailedtheentranceexamtothePolytechnicInstituteofZurich.D.HisgymnasiumteacherinMunichlikedhim.7.RachelKernadmiresscientists.A.whodidnotseparatetheirprivatebeliefsfromtheirworkB.whocombinedtheirlifewiththeirworkC.whoeducatedothersonenvironmental,political,andsocialissuesD.whostudiedenvironmentalissues,includingalternativeenergy8.Theunderlinedword“groupie”mostprobablymeans.A.fan B.friend C.relative D.copier9.WhatcanwelearnaboutOwenPaine?A.HecollectsEinstein’shair. B.HelikestohaveEinstein’shairstylesometimes.C.HehassomeofEinstein’sT-shirts.D.HehasastonesculptureofEinstein.Ⅶ.书面表达 假如你为学校黑板报写稿介绍诺贝尔（AlfredNobel），请根据以下提示写一篇图文并茂的短文。 身份：科学家，发明家，商人 个性：孤独，谦虚，害羞，不愿告诉别人自己的想法和感情 工作：精力充沛，沉迷科学和生意，日夜研究、工作 生活：生活俭朴，经常拒绝官方宴请 兴趣：对文学感兴趣，写剧本、小说、诗歌，但都没有发表 梦想：服务人类，设立“诺贝尔奖”奖励那些对人类做出杰出贡献的人注意：1.词数120左右（开头已写好）。2.衔接连贯自然。3.参考词汇：absorb,apartfrom,inadditionto,contributionliterature文学modest谦虚的WhatdoyouknowaboutAlfredNobel,FounderoftheNobelPrizes? AlfredNobelwasbornonOctober21,1833.HisfatherwasanengineerinStockholm,Sweden.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案Ⅱ.单项选择，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案完成句子1.D解析：suggest接宾语从句时表示“建议”，从句中应该用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟，should可以省略。2.B解析：immediately相当于连词，表示“一……就”，后接时间状语从句。3.C解析：makecontributionstosth/doingsth为……做贡献。4.B解析：sb/sthistoblame某人/某事物应受责备。5.D解析：attendon/upon/to伺候，看护，照料。与takecareof和lookafter为近义词。6.C解析：thinkup想出。setup创设。makeup编造。putup张贴。句义是“他编造了所有的故事”，故选C。7.A解析：get/bedone表示“被……”，可以排除B和D。link连接，连结。expose暴露。根据句义“过多接触X射线，会对健康造成危害”，故选A。8.B解析：refusetodo拒绝做某事。rejectdoing拒绝做某事。cannotresistdoing禁不住做某事。题干意思“因为服务差，许多人拒绝购买这家超市的商品”，根据句型结构应选B。9.A解析：undercontrol一切在控制中。incharge在掌管中。indisorder处于混乱。根据句义及搭配应选A。10.D解析：从后半句可推知前半句的意思是“从他惊愕的表情”。terrifiedface惊恐的脸，表示人很害怕的表情。terrifying令人害怕的。故选D。11.A解析：句义为“他告诉我昨天在会上讨论的事情”。事情是被讨论，可以排除C；选项B表示将要被讨论；选项D表示正在被讨论；故选A。12.B解析：第一个空thekeyto…中的to是介词，后面要接名词或者动名词；第二个空要用made，过去分词作定语，意思是“顾客提出的要求”。故选B。13.D解析：过去分词作表语或定语时常用来修饰人，bepleasedwith…表示“对……满意”。pleasant意思是“令人愉快的”，修饰物。故选D。14.C解析：baby与sleep之间是一种主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语；asleep只能作表语。故选C。15.A解析：temple与build之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，tobebuilt表示要修建，还没有修建；beingbuilt表示正在修建当中。本句说庙宇是在清朝时修建的，所以选A。Ⅲ.用括号中所给词汇的正确形式完成下列句子1.astonished 2.polluted 3.invited 4.parked 5.inspired;inspiring6.disappointed 7.experienced 8.affected 9.linked 10.deliveredⅣ.根据所给的汉语提示及重点词语，将下列汉语译成英语1.Aftercuringmillionsofpeopleoftheircholera,themedicineprovedeffective.2.Gettinguptowatchafootballmatchatmidnightlastnightledtohisfallingasleepatclassnow.3.Itisnousecryingoverfailure.4.Don’talwaysblamefailureonothers.Sometimesyouyourselfaretoblame.5.Theywereabsorbedin(watching)amovie.Ⅴ.完形填空1.A解析：makefulluseof为固定短语，意为“充分利用”。这里指充分采用他所观察的事实。2.B解析：bebasedon意思为“以……为根据”。这里指以事实为依据。3.B解析：根据后面的内容“做实验来证明它们”可以推知本句句义为“他总是仔细审核观点并做实验来验证”。4.D解析：从此句后半部分以及本文最后一句可以知道应该是指“现代科学”。5.A解析：dateback(to...)为固定短语，意思是“追溯到……时间”。6.B解析：此处time意思是“时代，时期”。7.D解析：句义为“我们应该通过对周围的事情进行观察和做实验来学科学”。on和by都有“靠、凭借”的意思；on后常常接名词或代词；by后常接动名词。8.B解析：makeadiscovery为固定短语，意思是“发现”。在此符合题意。9.A解析：此处who引导一个定语从句，who指代前面的thegreatestofseveralg