2021年小学英语语法-5下 介词和介词短语

5下介词和介词短语

学生/课程年级学科

授课教师日期时段

核心内容专题基础知识和能力训练课型一对一/一对N

(1)掌握介词的定义

(2)掌握常考时间介词，地点介词和方位介词

教学目标

(3)掌握常考的介词短语

(4)掌握介词的易错点

(1)介词in/on/at的用法

重、难点

(2)弄清楚介词的易错点

—©

精准诊杳碣

课首沟通

了解学生的学习情况

知识导图

定义

"3分类］

II

1»时间介词

介词同心一,・」

--------卜|\7I、►_/in,on、at区夕)

1\、---------------

|\,-------------

方位介诃)

《地点介词

课首小测

1.［单选题］

Thefirstclassbegins8o'clockthemorning.

A.at,on

B.at,in

C.on,in

D.on,on

2.［单选题］

—Howlongdoyoustudyeveryevening?

—threehours.

A.In

B.At

C.For

D.Of

3.［单选题］

Teachers,DayisSeptember10th.

A.to

B.in

C.on

D.from

4.［单选题］

Iusuallygotoschoolbike,butsometimesIgotoschoolfoot.

A.with,on

B.on,by

C.on,with

D.by,on

5.［单选题］

Joanhopestocomebackthreedays.

A.after

B.for

C.in

D.at

6.［单选题］

MyparentsandIgoingtovisitHongKongnextSunday.

A.in

B.on

C./

7.［单选题］

（2011小联盟小升初试题）

MymumalwaysgetsupsixMondaymorningandcooksbreakfastforme

A.at,on

B.in,at

C.on,at

D.at,in

8.［单选题］

(2013大联盟小升初试题)LilyisgoingtoFrancesoon.Shewillarrive

ParisthemorningofJanuary5th.

A.at;in

B.in;in

C.in;on

D.at;on

9.［单选题］

(2011天河省实试题)weekdaysIalwaysdomyhomeworkintheevening,but

theweekendIoftenwatchTV.

A.On,at

B.In,at

C.On,on

D.At,on

10.［单选题］

(2011中大附中试题)---

Wew川haveahikingtriptomorrow,butshallwemeet?

—let'smakeithalfpastnine.

A.where,at

B.when,at

C.where,in

D.when,in

互动导学"1

导学一介词和介词短语

知识点讲解1:时间介词

一、表示年、月、日、时刻等用at,in,on

(1)at：用于o

(atnoon在午时，atnight,attheweekend)

(2)on：用于o

(onweekdays)

(3)in：用于o

(inthemorning/afternoon/evening,inaweek)

注意：in+一段时间，表“多久以后/以内”，表将来时，用Howsoon提问。

在表示时间时，当词组里有：next,last,this,that,these,those,

tomorrow,yesterday,every,all,thedaybeforeyesterday,thedayaftertomorrow和

tonight,todayHt,前面不用介词。

二、表示时间前后用before,after

⑴在•…之前

e.g.Comeandseemetomorrowatanytimebeforeelevena.m.

⑵:在.…之后

e.g.Springcomesafterwinter.

三、表示期限等用by,until,till

⑴:在.…之前，不迟于，截止（到）…

bythetime在...之前

⑵:直到•…为止

e.g.shedidn'tgotobeduntil10:00lastnight.

四、表示期间等用for,during,between

⑴:达…之久（表示过了多少时间）

e.g.IstayinChinafor2weeks.

⑵:在…时期当中

e.g.Hewokemanytimesduringthenight.

⑶:在…之间，突出时间的起点和终点，相当于from….to/between…and

五、表示时间的起点用from

:从.…起from...to

六、表示时间的经过等用in

:过….后（与将来时连用）e.g.Iwillbebackinanhour.

例1.［单选题］

（2006大联盟小升初试题）

MygrandfatherwasbornacoldwintermorningJanuary,1949.

A.in,in

B.on,in

C.on,on

D.in,on

例2.［单选题］

（2008大联盟小升初试题）WehaveTVeveryafternoon.

A.in

B.on

C./

我爱展示

1.

用介词in,on和at填空

ThursdayMondaymorningtheafternoon

nightholiday7:15

AugustMay3rd2014

winterweekdaysthe

weekend

【学有所in后面接,on后面接,at后面接

获］O

［学有所获答案］年月季；星期日期；时间点

2.［单选题］

（2006大联盟小升初试题）Children'sDaymymothergoestothezoowith

me.

A.In

B.At

C.Of

D.On

3.［单选题］

（2006大联盟小升初试题）

Turnleftthesecondcrossing,andthestoreistheleft.

A.at,to

B.at,on

C.on,at

D.to,at

4.［单选题］

（2009大联盟小升初试题）ThisnewpencilisonlyJimmy.

A.in

B.on

C.for

D.a

5.［单选题］

Wehadourbreakfastaquarterseven.

A./,to

B.in,to

C.at,to

D.on,to

6.［单选题］

Hegoesskatingwinterandgoesswimmingsummer.

A.at.at

B.in.in

C.on.on

D.from.to

7.［单选题］

MrBlackwillvisitournewschoolbuildingtwodays.

A.before

B.after

C.at

D.in

8.［单选题］

（2013华附奥校试题）Excuseme,Canyoushowmethewaythepostoffice?

A.in

B.to

C.from

D.near

9.［单选题］

（2014育才试题）themoney,shewantstobuyanewcoather

mum.

A.With,for

B.With,to

C.For,with

D.To,with

知识点讲解2：地点和方位介词

一、常用的地点和方位介词有：

in,on,at,等。

二、in,at作为地点、方位介词的区别

（1）at表示在e.g.Wealwaysmeetatthebusstation.

表示e.g.WelivedatNo.29BeijingRoad.

（2）in表示在e.g.HelivedinGuangzhou.

表示在e.g.WearegoingshoppinginBeijingRoad.

（3）in和on的区别

thetree（多指外来之物）

thetree（多指树本身具有的）

三、其它方位介词的区别

（1）：在….上面，有接触面

（2）：在.…正上方/undec在…下面，在…之内（不接触，垂直面）

（3）：在…上方（不是正上方）/below：在…下方（不是正下方）

（4）表示“在…的后面”/infrontof表示“在…的前面”

四、表示手段材料的介词

（1）with

①和……在一起

如：Ioftenplayfootballwithmyfather.我经常和爸爸踢足球。

②具有，带有（表某种外貌特征或者表示一种伴随状态（拿着/戴着/留着））

如：Thegirlwithlonghairismysister.那个留着长发的女孩是我妹妹。

Themanwithabookismyteacher.那个拿着一本书的男人是我的老师。

注意：withglasses“戴着眼镜”=wearglasseswear表示“穿着/戴着”

③用某种工具/方法/器官

如：Wecanwiitewithpens.我们能用笔写字。

(2)in

①in+颜色，穿…颜色的衣服

如：Themaninblueismyfather.穿蓝色衣服那个人是我的爸爸。

②in+语言，用某种语言说如：PleasespeakinEnglish.请用英语说。

(3)by：通过…手段，方法

如：Weseeoureyes.

Iusuallygotoschoolbike.

CanyousayitEnglish?

我爱展示

1.［单选题］

—Whereshallwemeet?

—thegatetheschool.

A.At,to

B.At,of

C.Atthe,of

D.In,of

2.［单选题］

Theboyhasbreakfasthome.

A.on

B.from

C.in

D.at

3.［单选题］

ThestoryhappenedBeijing.

A.in

B.with

C.for

D.on

4.

Therearesomeapples(in,on)thetree.

5.

Therearesomemonkeys________(in,on)thetree.

【学finthetree和onthetree的区别？

6.［单选题］

ThegirlshortblackhairisZhangXiaoling.

A.with

B.in

C.has

D.have

7.［单选题］

CanyousayitEnglish?

A.in

B.on

C.for

D.of

8.［单选题］

(2010广州市年大联盟小升初试题)

Thewindowofmybedroomisthedoor.

A.under

B.after

C.below

D.opposite

9.［单选题］

ThemanblueisBrian'sfather.

A.on

B.from

C.with

D.in

10.［单选题］

(2010广州市广夕卜附设试题)Whatdoyouhaveluncheveryday?

A.with

B.to

C.for

D.in

知识点讲解3：其他介词的用法

(1)without：没有e.g.Wecan'tlivewithoutwater.

(2)like：像,如，跟...一样looklike=belike/soundlike看/听起来像...

(3)as：作为befamousas作为…而出名

(4)against：靠着，反对e.g.Don'tstandagainstthedoor.

(5)about：

①关于，各处，四周

②大约，大概(后跟时间连用)

(6)for

①表示动作的对象或接受者，意为“给“对...(而言)”，“为，给，替

如：I'llmakeacardformyteacher.

②表示理由或原因，意为“因为、由于"：Thankyouforhelpingme.

③表示时间、距离，意为“计、达”。如:Wewillstaytherefortwodays.

④表示所属关系或用途，意为“为、适于……的"。如:Thereisaletterforyou.

⑤用于表示一段时间。foralongtime

⑥表示“当作、作为"。如:llikesomebreadandmilkforbreakfast.

⑦固定搭配：goforawalk,pay...for,waitfor

(7)of

①表示所属关系，表示“属于……的"：Thisisaphotoofmyfamily.

②...的(用于所有格)：afriendofmine

③用于表示“……的数量和种类"。例：apieceofpaper一张纸，acupoftea一杯茶

④想到,谈至U：Ioftenthinkofthem.

⑤用于某些固定搭配：ofcourse当然becauseof因为，由于

我爱展示

1.

Whafsthis(at,on,in)English?

2.

Lookatthosebirds(on,in,at)thetree.

3.

Theman(with,on,in)blackisSuHai'sfather.

Hedoesn'tdowell(at,on,in)PE.

【学有所

擅长做…:

获】

5.

Wearegoingtomeet(at,on,in)thebusstop(at,on,in)halfpastt

en.

Isthereacat(under,behind,in)thedoor?

7.

Helen'swritingpaperis(in,infrontof)hercomputer.

8.

Welive(at,on,in)253RenminRoad.

9.

Doesitoftenrain(at,on,in)springthere?

10.

Wearetalking(with,about,in)aninterestingstory.

11.

Janetlooks________(at,like,likes)hermother.

知识点讲解4：介词短语

_____________________等待__________________―索要__________________—出发

去

_____________________和某人谈论______________有话对某人

讲_____________________谈论

不同于对……感兴

趣擅长于

_____________________迟到_____________________对...有好处_____________________

对...有坏处

_____________________感到自豪____________________最后_____________________因

为.……而著名

_____________________作为…而出名____________________担心_____________________

害怕

同意到达学习

_____________________+交通工具

_____________________步行_____________________远离____________________罪近

_____________________捡起/开车接某人_____________________遭遇麻烦/困难

_____________________帮...做...____________________随便吃

_____________________从……到……（时间/地点）

_____________________在……和……（二者）之间

Ifstimetodosth（to后加）=lfstimefor+

_____________________嘲笑____________________一为……而感谢

寻找照顾

看小心

_____________________查阅在路上

+地点副词如：here/there/home

+地点名词如：school/park/market

穿上_____________________脱下

上车下车

将（声、光）调大关闭

_____________________将（声、光）调小

我爱展示

1.

What'swrongyourwatch?

2.

ThegirlahatisLucy.

3.

Hismotherisworriedhim.

4.

Ioftenhelpmymotherthehousework.

5.

I'mwaitingJohn.

6.

Theclassroomisquitedifferentthatone.

7.

Youcanbuysomeschoolthingsyourwayhome.

8.

TheywillleaveLondonnextmonth.

9.

Youcanborrowthebookyourschoollibrary.

10.

Pleaselistenmecarefully.

能力展示

限时考场模拟—20—分钟完成

1.［单选题］

Its8:30.Ifstimethebabygotobed.

A.to,for

B.of,to

C.for,to

D.for,of

2.［单选题］

（2011小联盟试题）ThelittlebabywasbornJuly7th,2009.

A.on

B.at

C.of

D.in

3.［单选题］

Healwaysborrowsmoneyhisfriends,butheneverreturnsthemoney.

A.on

B.from

C.to

D.for

4.［单选题］

Let'shurry,orwe'llbelateschool.

A.to

B.at

C.with

D.for

5.［单选题］

Mr.Greenisfortyyearsold.

A.by

B.about

C.to

D.for

6.［单选题］

（2010天河省实试题）

Heplaysthepiano,andMissLiisalwaysangryhim.

A.bad,with

B.badly,to

C.badly,with

D.bad,to

7.［单选题］

Thegirlissittingherfatherandhermother.

A.after

B.before

C.among

D.between

8.［单选题］

John'spenislost.Heislookingit.

A.of

B.with

C.in

D.for

9.［单选题］

Ifsverykindyou.Thankyouforyourhelp.

A.of

B.for

C.to

D.on

10.［单选题］

It'sabadmannertolaughpeoplewhentheyaretrouble.

A.over,in

B.at,in

C.in,at

D.at,for

11.［单选题］

（2007华附奥校试题）allthecitiesinChina,shanghaiisthelargest.

A.In

B.At

C.With

D.Of.

12.［单选题］

（2006十六中试题）

JimmywasborntheafternoonNovember16th,2005.

A.in;of

B.on;on

C.in;on

D.on;of

13.［单选题］

(2009华侨外国语试题)MissWhiteonlyhadanapplelunch

A.eat

B.for

C.at

D.with

14.［单选题］

(2011番禺华附试题)Heoftengetsupat6:40inthemorningweekdays.

A.at

B.on

C.in

15.

用介词on,in,at填空。

(1)Sheoftengetsuphalfpastsixthemorning.

(2)Hewasbornthemorningofthefifteenth,ofMay.

(3)YouwerelateMondaylastweek.

(4)TheAsianGameswillbeheldinGuangzhou2010.

(5)SummerusuallystartsJuneandendsAugust.

(6)IhadabadcoldbecauseIgotwetarainymorninglastweek.

(7)Peopleoftenswimsummer.

(8)Tomdoesn'twatchTVnight.

(9)WehaveamusiclessonMondaymorning.

(10)NationalDayisOctober1st.

自主学习

1.［单选题］

(2013广州市小联盟小升初试题)Theweatherw川changethenextfewdays.

A.in

B.for

C.after

D.at

2.［单选题］

Don'treadthesun.Ifsbadyoureyes.

A.under,of

B.in,of

C.in,for

D.under,for

3.［单选题］

Theshopwon'topennineinthemorning.

A.until

B.at

C.during

D.on

4.［单选题］

Thefoodmycountryisquitedifferentthathere.

A.in,like

B.to,from

C.from,to

D.in,from

5.［单选题］

（2011广州市南沙外国语试题）Wherehe?

A.is,comefrom

B.is,come

C.does,from

D.does,comefrom

6.［单选题］

Let'smeethalfeightthemorningofJune21.

A.at,to,in

B./,past,on

C.at,past,on

D./,to,in

7.［单选题］

（2009广州市华侨外国语试题）Thereisapictureatreeonthewall.

A.of

B.about

C.for

D.with

8.［单选题］

（2010广州市华侨外国语试题）allthegirlsinourschool,Janetisthetallest.

A.In

B.Of

C.Inside

D.For

9.［单选题］

Ifsverykindyouhelpme.

A.of,to

B.for,to

C.of,for

D.for,of

10.［单选题］

WhenisMayDay?It'sthefirstofMay.

A.on

B.in

C.at

D.of

11.［单选题］

—Doyoulistentotheradioalongtime?

—No,Ioftenlistento