专题39 阅读理解七选五满分对策【 核心知识】 高考英语一轮复习知识清单（全国）解析版

专题39【口袋书】阅读理解七选五满分对策解析版目录导航一、利用设空位置，快解阅读七选五2技法一段首设空题2技法二段中设空题4技法三段尾设空题5二、依据词汇线索，巧解阅读七选五7技法一词汇复现法7技法二代词指代法9三、根据逻辑关系，化解阅读七选五111．总分关系112．解释关系123．例证关系124．并列关系135．递进关系136．转折关系137．对比关系148．因果关系14四、阅读理解七选五语篇训练151.2023▪新高考I卷152.2023▪新高考II卷163.2023▪全国甲卷174.2023▪全国乙卷19阅读理解七选五题命题规律探究阅读七选五主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和把握。考试形式是在一段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。解答阅读七选五题目时，方法会因人而异，所以我们在复习备考中，根据题型特点和平时的教学总结了三种比较实用的解题技法：①利用设空位置，快解阅读七选五；②依据词汇线索，巧解阅读七选五；③根据逻辑关系，化解阅读七选五。这三种技法各有特色，没有优劣之分。有的试题仅仅运用一种方法不能找出答案，可以综合运用三种方法，灵活解题。一、利用设空位置，快解阅读七选五技法一段首设空题调研1:【2021新课标I卷】

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OnourfirstmorninginParis,Iwentaroundthecomertothefoodmarkettopickupsomegroceries.Iboughtahandfulofperfectlyripesmallstrawberriesandalittlesweetmelon.MyhusbandandIagreedtheywerethebestfruitwehadevereaten.Buttheycost$18!C.Therewasanicekitchenandacomfortablebed.D.Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.E.That'snottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.【答案】E【解析】39.E。这题为第四段第一句话，功能为承接第三段引起第四段。所以大家做题时要看第三段的内容和第四段的内容，并且概括二段的大意。法国人吃得少的第一点原因是第三段中描述的食物美味，以至于不需要量太多，你就已经满足。第二个原因在第四段，太昂贵，买不起，所以一次只吃一点点。故选E。调研2:【2019全国I卷】Livinginaculturethatisdifferentfromyourowncanbebothanexcitingandchallengingexperience.Youhavetolearndifferentculturalpracticesandtrytoadapttothem.36Theytalkabouttopicssuchasages,incomeormaritalstatus,whichAmericansthinkisannoyingandintrusive.E.BasicallyChinavaluesthecommunityandtheUSvaluestheindividual.F.ChinesepeopledonothavethesameconceptofprivacyasAmericansdoG.UnliketheChinese,olderAmericansseldomlivewiththeirchildren.【解析】36.F。考查主题句。根据空后内容可知本段主要讲的是中美两国人之间对待个人隐私的不同概念。中国人问年龄、收入、婚姻状况，而美国人则认为是一种冒犯。G选项讲的是中国人和美国人的意思观念不一样，符合语境，故选F.调研3:【2019全国I卷】40IfyouachievesomethingintheUS,it'sbecauseyouweregreat.WhileinChina,ifyouachievesomethinginChinait'sbecausetheteam,orfamily,orcompanyisgreat.Everythingyoudogetsattributedtothegreaterwhole,whileinAmericaindividualmeritsarecelebrated.C.ChinesepeoplevalueeducationandcareermorethanAmericans.D.Theyarealwaysconservativewhentheyareplanningtospendmoney.E.BasicallyChinavaluesthecommunityandtheUSvaluestheindividual.【解析】36.E。本段讲的是对待集体和个人之间的关系。E选项正是本段内容的概括和总结。调研4:【2019全国II卷】___37___Morethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethegoal?First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvalues,yourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.Onlythenshouldyousetyourgoals.A.Thiscanaffectyourwork.B.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?C.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.【解析】37.B。上一段阐述了动机和设定目标的关系，强调了动机的重要性，本段进一步讲如何激励自己并保持动力来实现目标。B选项“那么你应该如何激励自己呢？”承上启下，故选B。调研5:【2020全国I卷】●___37___Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.E.Setanintentionforself-acceptance.F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?【解析】37.F。根据下文Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyoneinthisworld.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。调研6:(2022·全国乙·片段)·Practiseempathy(共情) 38.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.·39Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.Althoughtechnologymightmakeday-to-daycommunicationpossible，extraeffortgoesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends’birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.·Don’trelyontechnologyalone40,butlong-distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendface-to-facetimetogetherwheneverpossible.A.RememberimportantdatesB.CompensatebywritinglettersC.ItisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeperD.TrytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoitE.FriendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunicationF.ItiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmediaG.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind【解析】38.G。此空考查段落主旨句，可运用“中心词法”。下文“Thefriendwhoisremaining”和“Theoneinthenewenvironment”提到朋友的两种不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“thefriendwholeft”和“theonewhowasleftbehind”分别对应下文“Theoneinthenewenvironment”和“Thefriendwhoisremaining”。故选G。【解析】39.A。此处考查段落小标题，依据其他段落小标题为祈使句，可在选项A、B、D中确定答案，再根据下文“Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.”可知，周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“记得重要的日子”。故选A。【解析】40.F。根据本段小标题以及空后句“butlong-distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain”可知，维系异地友谊不能只依靠科技，我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”肯定了科技的作用，并同下文衔接紧密。故选F。技法二段中设空题段中设空即主题句的展开句。尤其注意分析空格前后的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意各句间的衔接手段。其特点主要是以转折手法引出主题句，或者是用来承上启下的过渡句，也可能是补充前文的具体事实、事例和说明。解此类试题时首先应确定所缺的句子是过渡句还是细节句，对于这两类句子，我们将采用不同的方法来解题。调研1:【2022·新高考全国Ⅰ】FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner”.Onereasonwas：“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,”whileanotherread：“36”Withaworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisasubtle(微妙)competition.C.You’llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner”notice?【解析】36.C。细节句，上文提到感谢健身伙伴的一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去锻炼”，再根据“whileanotherread”可知，这里陈述另一个感谢健身伙伴的理由。所以C项“如果你和别人一起锻炼，你会更努力”符合语境。故选C。调研2:【2021全国II卷】●Yourmetabolism(新陈代谢)getsaheadstart.__38__Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4－10hoursafterexercise.F.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou'redoingitnow,thenlistenup!【解析】38.F。设空处位于段中，属于段中题。这一段说的是晨练有助于人体的新陈代谢，能让你一整天都感受到晨练消耗卡路里带来的好处。F项“晨练之后你还会在一天时间里继续消耗卡路里”中的关键词“throughouttheday”与文中的“thewholeday”呼应。故选F。调研3:【2018全国I卷】Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.__39__.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.（2018全国Ⅰ卷）E．It'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF．Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG．Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways【解析】39.G。设空处在段中，所填句子应是过渡句。该空前一句主要内容是“mediumcolorchoices”，是G项中“smallones”的升级。该空后一句介绍了两种方式的颜色选择，与G项中的“twomajorways”相呼应，故选G。调研4:【2017全国I卷】Iwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoingonanotherfun­filledholidayinthewilderness.__38__Instead,wehadapop­upcamperwithcomfortablebedsandanairconditioner.Mynature­lovingfriendshadrememberedtobringallthenecessitiesoflife.A．Thistimetherewasnotent.B．Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C．Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.【解析】38.A。解此题可运用词汇同现法。该空前面的部分说明了作者被说服参加另一次野营活动，而空后则说这次野营活动有舒服的床和空调，因此空处的论述应该是在“住宿”这一范畴内，几个选项中只有A项合适。技法三段尾设空题调研1:【2021·浙江6月卷】You’vegotmail...andit’sapostcardPauloMagalhaes,a34-year-oldPortuguesecomputerengineer，lovestoopenhismailboxandfindabrightlycoloredpictureofRome’sColosseum.OrAfrica’sVictoriaFalls.OrChina’sGreatWall.31“Ioftensendpostcardstofamilyandfriends,”hesaystoChinaDaily...E.OnAugust5,thenumberofpostcardsexchangedbymemberstopped31million.F.Similarly,ifyouspeakonlyChinese,receivingacardinSwedishtakespartofthefunaway.G.Inshort,helovespostcards,andtheexcitementofgettingahand-writtennotefromsomeonefaraway.【解析】31.G。此处考查总结句。根据上文可知，Paulo喜欢打开邮筒，收到一张色彩鲜艳的罗马斗兽场的图片，或者是非洲维多利亚瀑布的图片，或者是中国长城的图片，由此可知，G项“总而言之，他喜欢明信片，以及收到远方某人手写的便条时的那种兴奋感”符合语境。G项中的“loves”“postcards”分别与上文中的“loves”及下文中的“postcards”相对应，而且G项中含有总结性词语inshort。调研2:【2019全国I卷】InChina,eldersaretraditionallytreatedwithenormousrespectanddignitywhiletheyoungarecherishedandnurtured.InAmerica,thegoalofthefamilyistoencourageindependence,particularlythatofthechildren.37.（2019E.BasicallyChinavaluesthecommunityandtheUSvaluestheindividual.F.ChinesepeopledonothavethesameconceptofprivacyasAmericansdoG.UnliketheChinese,olderAmericansseldomlivewiththeirchildren.【答案】G【解析】37.G。上句讲的是中国老年人受到尊重而年轻人受到爱护，即：尊老爱幼。家庭的目的就是鼓励独立。因此不像中国人，美国老人很少与子女生活在一起。C选项正是承接上文。调研3:【2019全国III卷】Don’ts●Don’tsharepersonalinformationorstories.Professorsarenottrainednurses,financialaidexpertsoryourbestfriends.Ifyouareinneedofadeadlineextension,simplyexplainthesituationtotheprofessor.39D.Sowhyshouldwetrytosetspecificgoals?E.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.G.Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.【答案】E【解析】39.E。上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题，故选E。调研4:【2020全国I卷】●Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.39A.Feelingupsetagain?C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.【解析】39.C。本题设空在段尾，首先看前文。根据上文Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位。)可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝。C项意思，没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的，对上文的总结概括，符合文意。调研5:【2021新课标II卷】Ifyou’rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.___39___.C.Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere?”D.BepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangersE.Orturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosay【解析】39.E。根据上文“Ifyoucan’ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox(讲台).Ifyou’rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.(如果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什么，只是为了让他们摆脱那种情景)”可知，本段主要是为解决“喝太多酒或一直说个不停”这个问题提供方法。由此可知，E项“Orturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosay(或者把谈话变成他们没什么可说的话题)”是提出的另一个解决办法，承接上文，符合题意。故选E项。二、依据词汇线索，巧解阅读七选五技法一词汇复现法调研1:【2022·新课标Ⅰ卷】Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.39Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.40Overtime，bothofyouwillbenefit—yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore(核心)ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner”notice?F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.【解析】39.G。空处位于段尾，应该是总结性的句子，上文列出了寻找锻炼伙伴的布告所要包括的信息。所以G项“任何寻找锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息”总结上文，符合语境。G项中的notice是本段第二句中notice的原词复现。故选G。【解析】40.F。根据上文“Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.”以及下文“Overtime，bothofyouwillbenefit”可知，F项“接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作”符合语境。differentskills对应F项中的differences。故选F。调研2:【2021·全国乙卷】原词复现awkwardnessAndwhataboutthatotherdinner-partykiller:awkwardsilence?Ifyou'refacedwithanawkwardsilenceatadinnerparty，theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostacompliment(赞扬).__40__.Justquicklyturnaroundandsay,“Thiscakeisextremelydeliciousandyouhavetotellmeallaboutit.”（）A．HowdoyouknowthehostB．ThefirststepistogoexploringC．Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere？”D．BepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangersE.OrturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosayF．Whataboutthatpersonwhohashadtoomuchtodrinkorwon'tstoptalkingG．Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost【解析】40.G。本段主要讲面对“dinner-partykiller：awkwardsilence”(晚宴杀手：尴尬的沉默)时应该怎么办。根据空前的“theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostacompliment(赞扬)”可知，解决办法是赞扬晚宴的主人，G项“Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost”(他或她是最能感受到这种尴尬的人)符合语境。G选项中的“Heorshe”指代thehost，“awkwardness”同义复现也是解题提示。故答案是G。调研3:【2020全国I卷】同义词复现littlesmall__38__.They'rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.()D．Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remostfamiliarwithE．It'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF．Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG．Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways【解析】38.D。解此题可运用词汇复现法，该空后面的They'rethelittlespotsofcolor和D选项Smallcolorchoice是同义词复现，所在段最后一句中的“smallcolorchoices”是D项“Smallcolorchoices”的原词复现。故答案是D。调研4:【2021·全国甲卷】近义词复现“new”clothes=clothesingoodconditionInvite5—10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.Lesspeoplethanthat,andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.__38__.Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarrytheir“new”clotheshome.（）A．LesspeoplethanthatB．HoldaclothingswapC．IftwopeoplearecompetingD．JustkeepmusicplayingthroughoutE．DonatewhateverclothesareleftoverF．HaveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspotsG．Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition【解析】39.G。本题考查近义词复现。本段空白后“Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarrytheir‘new’clotheshome.”讲他们还应准备大量的可回收的袋子，来把“新”衣服带回家。其中的“clothes”原词复现是解题提示，同时“new”表明衣服应该是好的，对应G选项中的“clean”“ingoodcondition”。调研5:【2021·全国甲卷】反义词复现morethan=lessthanAsuccessfulswapdependsontheselectionofclothes,theorganizationoftheevent,and,obviously,howmuchfunishad.It'sreallyeasytodo!Hereareafewpointers.·Invite5—10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.__37__，andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.A．LesspeoplethanthatB．HoldaclothingswapF．HaveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspotsG．Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition【解析】37.A。根据上文“Invite5-10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.”和下文“andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.”可知空白处应是针对下文中的“morethanthat”提出的相反的假设，即少于一定数量的人。A项“Lesspeoplethanthat”和下文中“morethanthat”相对，符合语境。故选A项。技法二代词指代法调研1:【2022·全国甲卷】MakingRequests39.InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange,buttheyareimportantinvariouscountries.40,themorecomfortableyou’llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.A.ThemorefriendsyoumakeinyourlifetimeB.ThemoretimeyouspendinanygivencountryC.MexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensilsD.Don’tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurantE.It’sagoodsignforthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplateF.NeverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethemG.Itmayseemlikeasimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal【解析】39.G。根据本段小标题可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“InPortugal，thiswouldbeaseriousmistake，becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.”可知，G项(吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似一个简单的请求)符合此处语境，下文中的代词this指的就是此项中的“toaskforsaltandpepperatameal”。且该选项中的request是原词复现。故选G。【解析】40.B。根据下文“themorecomfortableyou’llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”结构，B项符合文意，引出下文。且下文的代词its指的就是该项中的anygivencountry。故选B。调研2:【2019全国I卷】Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing(治愈).38Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermood(情绪).Greeneryisgoodforus.Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.39Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.A.Freshaircleansourlungs.B.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?C.Beinginnaturerefreshesus.D.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.E.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?F.Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociatefreshairwithhealthcare.G.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.【解析】38.G。代词线索题。本段空格后提到intheseplaces“在这些地方”可知，空格处应该是某个地点。此外，本段第一句提到研究人员在研究自然环境和疾病痊愈之间的关系，那么紧接着应该要建立这种接近自然的康复中心，因此选G。【解析】39.C。代词线索题。空格后的It就是突破点。从本段的intheseplaces一直到此空前，作者描述了接近大自然的患者康复更快，再结合此空后“这给了我们平和宁静”可知，此处应为总结句，描述大自然的作用，因此选C。调研3:【2018全国I卷】Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.37,theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere’rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.38.They’rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.39.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.A．WhileallofthemareusefulB．Whateveryou'relookingforC．Ifyou'reexperimentingwithacolorD．Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remostfamiliarwithE．It'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF．Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG．Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways【解析】37.A。代词线索题。空格后的they指代上文中的techniques，且与A项中的allofthem相呼应，代入A项“尽管它们都很有用”，符合语境。结合第二段第一句中的"anumberofdifferenttechniques"以及最后一句给出的三种设计方案可知，此处表示"虽然这些技巧非常有用，但它们会有一点复杂"，故A项符合语境。【解析】38.D。代词线索题。第二段最后一句出现了"thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones"，第三段提到了"smallcolorchoices"，由此可知空处所在段主要在讲"thesmallones"，故选D。【解析】39.G。代词线索题。第四段最后一句提到了"abiggercommitmentthansmallerones"和"amorepowerfuleffect"可知，此处是和上文中的"smallcolorchoices"作对比，故选G。调研4:【2020全国III卷】Ahousewarmingpartyisaspecialpartytobeheldwhensomeonebuysormovesintoanewapartmentorhouse.Thepersonwhoboughtthehouseormovedistheonewhothrowstheparty.Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytocongratulatethepersononthenewhome.___36___Anditisgoodtimetofillthenewspacewithloveandhopefulpresents.A.Thisisn’tusualthough.B.Itistraditionaltobringagifttoahousewarmingparty.C.Youcanalsobringfoodordrinkstosharewiththeotherguests.D.Ifyou’reluckyenoughtoreceivegifts,keeptheminasafeplace.E.Italsogivespeopleachancetoseewhatthenewhomelookslike.F.Thebesthousewarmingpartiesencourageoldfriendstogettogether.G.Thiswassothatthepersoncouldkeeptheirhomewarmforthewinter.【解析】36.E。代词线索题。上句Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytocongratulatethepersononthenewhome.(这个聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句Anditisagoodtimetofillthenewspacewithloveandhopefullypresents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会。与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。三、根据逻辑关系，化解阅读七选五1．总分关系【2016全国I卷】Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.37Forexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”E.Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.【解析】37.E。考查总分关系。空格前面的句子说总共有三种密码，是一个概括性句子，总述了全段的主要内容。空格内应是介绍第一种密码，是分述。由该空后的例句可知，此空选E“你可以拼写每个单词的第一个字母来隐藏信息”。【2013全国I卷】Businessmanagementisatermusedtodescribethetechniquesofplanning,direction,andcontroloftheoperationsofabusiness.38Oneistheestablishment(制定)ofbroadbasicpolicieswithrespecttoproduction;sales;thepurchaseofequipment,materialsandsupplies;andaccounting.39Thethirdrelatestotheestablishmentofstandardsofworkinalldepartments.Directionisconcernedprimarilywithsupervision(监管)andguidancebythemanagementinauthority.40A.Controlincludestheuseofrecordsandreportstocompareactualworkwiththesetstandardsforwork.B.Inthisconnectionthereisthedifferencebetweentopmanagementandoperativemanagement.C.Examplesofnonprofitbusinessesincludesuchorganizationsassocialserviceagenciesandmanyhospitals.D.However,somebusinessesonlyseektoearnenoughtocovertheiroperatingcosts.E.Thesecondaspectrelatestotheapplicationofthesepoliciesbydepartments.F.Inthetheoryofbusinessmanagement,organizationhastwomainaspects.G.Planninginbusinessmanagementhasthreemainaspects.【解析】38.G。前句解释了商业管理的概念，下文为商业管理中规划所包含的三个方面，与G项中的"threemainaspects"相一致。故选G。【解析】39.E。前一句为第一个方面，后一句为第三个方面，显然本句应介绍第二个方面。故选E。【解析】40.A。第二段的第一句介绍了商业管理中的三个技巧，分别是planning,direction和control。接下来已经介绍了前两个技巧，最后一个技巧"control"还未提及，所以本空应涉及control的内容。故选A。2．解释关系【2019全国II卷】Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectives,keepinginmindyourbeliefs,valuesandstrengths.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.39Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.E.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.【解析】39.E。根据空格前的goalsareflexible可知，目标是灵活的，E项“它们可以根据情况而改变”对其进行了解释，故选E项。【2018全国II卷】__39__Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou，soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.【解析】39.B。此处缺少一个主题句。空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。所选答案应是对后面内容的总述。故选B。3．例证关系【2017北京卷】Nowwehavethemostdirectevidenceyetthatheisright.74Thesynapsesinthemicetakenattheendofaperiodofsleepwere18percentsmallerthanthosetakenbeforesleep,showingthattheconnectionsbetweenneuronsweakenwhilesleeping.G.Tononi'steammeasuredthesizeoftheseconnections,orsynapses,inthebrainsof12mice.【解析】74.G。该段首句提出论点“现在我们有最直接的证据证明他的假设是对的”，那么接下来就应该给出具体的论据或实例来证明上述论点。此外，该空后面一句话解释了实验的结果和意义。综合看来，只有G项符合语境。【2020新高考卷】Nevermindthatmosttravelersnowadayshavesmartphoneswithbuilt－inalarmclocks.__17__Herearesomeexamples.AttheWolcottHotel,ifawake－upcallisunanswered,theywillsendanemployeetoyourdoor.AtLasVentanasalParaiso,anemployeeshowsupatyourroomtowakeyouupwithtea,coffeeandbreakfastbread.AttheMandarinOriental,apersonratherthananautomatedsystemwillcalltowakeyouup.F.Thehumanwake－upcallisawaytopersonalizeaguest’sstay.【解析】17.F。由17空之后的“Herearesomeexamples...”可知前后是例证关系。根据后面举的例子可知应该选择F项“Thehumanwake－upcallisawaytopersonalizeaguest’sstay.”4．并列关系【2016全国II卷】Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolor.Othersareconcernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers(肥料).18However,thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears.E.Stillothersmaysimplyenjoybeingoutdoorsandclosetoplants.【解析】18.E。由本段中的第一句Some...，第二句的Others...，可锁定E项中的Stillothers...，它们之间为并列关系，故选E项。【2020新高考卷】Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.__19__Andlikeeverythingelseinlife，thattakespractice.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.【解析】19.B。根据上文中的“Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.”可知，你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家。据此可知，空处与此对应，说明自己的目标是要成为高效的演说家，故选B项。【2020全国III卷】Ahousewarmingpartyisaspecialpartytobeheldwhensomeonebuyso