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1986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
Text1
Thereareagreatmanycareersinwhichtheincreasingemphasisisonspecialization.Youfindthesecareersin
engineering,inproduction,instatisticalwork,andinteaching.Butthereisanincreasingdemandforpeoplewhoare
abletotakeingreatareaataglance,peoplewhoperhapsdonotknowtoomuchaboutanyonefield.Thereis,inother
words,ademandforpeoplewhoarecapableofseeingtheforestratherthanthetrees,ofmakinggeneraljudgments.We
cancallthesepeople“generalists."Andthese“generalists“areparticularlyneededforpositionsinadministration,
whereitistheirjobtoseethatotherpeopledothework,wheretheyhavetoplanforotherpeople,toorganizeother
people'swork,tobeginitandjudgeit.
Thespecialistunderstandsonefield;hisconcerniswithtechniqueandtools.Heisa“trained”man;andhiseducational
backgroundisproperlytechnicalorprofessional.Thegeneralist—andespeciallytheadministrator—dealswithpeople;
hisconcerniswithleadership,withplanning,andwithdirectiongiving.Heisan“educated”man;andthehumanities
arehisstrongestfoundation.Veryrarelyisaspecialistcapableofbeinganadministrator.Andveryrarelyisagood
generalistalsoagoodspecialistinparticularfield.Anyorganizationneedsbothkindsofpeople,thoughdifferent
organizationsneedthemindifferentproportions.Itisyourtasktofindout,duringyourtrainingperiod,intowhichof
thetwokindsofjobsyoufit,andtoplanyourcareeraccordingly.
Yourfirstjobmayturnouttobetherightjobforyou-butthisispureaccident.Certainlyyoushouldnotchangejobs
constantlyorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofyourabilitytoholdanyjob.Atthesametimeyoumustnotlookupon
thefirstjobasthefinaljob;itisprimarilyatrainingjob,anopportunitytounderstandyourselfandyourfitnessfor
beinganemployee.
26.Thereisanincreasingdemandfor.
[AJallroundpeopleintheirownfields
[B]peoplewhosejobistoorganizeotherpeople'swork
ICJgeneralistswhoseeducationalbackgroundiseithertechnicalorprofessional
[D]specialistswhosechiefconcernistoprovideadministrativeguidancetoothers
27.Thespecialistis.
[A]amanwhosejobistotrainotherpeople
[B]amanwhohasbeentrainedinmorethanonefields
fC]amanwhocanseetheforestratherthanthetrees
[D]amanwhoseconcernismainlywithtechnicalorprofessionalmatters
28.Theadministratoris.
[A]a"trained”manwhoismoreaspecialistthanageneralist
[B]amanwhoseesthetreesaswellastheforest
[C]amanwhoisverystronginthehumanities
[D]amanwhoisan“educated“specialist
29.Duringyourtrainingperiod,itisimportant.
[A]totrytobeageneralist
[B]tochooseaprofitablejob
[C]tofindanorganizationwhichfitsyou
[D]todecidewhetheryouarefittobeaspecialistorageneralist
30.Aman'sfirstjob.
[A]isnevertherightjobforhim
[B]shouldnotberegardedashisfinaljob
[C]shouldnotbechangedorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofhisabilitytoholdanyjob
[D]isprimarilyanopportunitytofithimselfforhisfinaljob
Test2
AtthebottomoftheworldliesamightycontinentstillwrappedintheIceAgeand,untilrecenttimes,unknowntoman.
Itisagreatlandmasswithmountainrangeswhoseextentandelevationarestilluncertain.Muchofthecontinentisa
completeblankonourmaps.Manhasexplored,onfoot,lessthanonepercentofitsarea.Antarcticadiffers
fundamentallyfromtheArcticregions.TheArcticisanocean,coveredwithdriftingpackediceandhemmedinbythe
landmassesofEurope,Asia,andNorthAmerica.TheAntarcticisacontinentalmostaslargeasEuropeandAustralia
combined,centeredroughlyontheSouthPoleandsurroundedbythemostunobstructedwaterareasoftheworld-the
Atlantic,Pacific,andIndianOceans.
Thecontinentalicesheetismorethantwomileshighinitscentre,thus,theairovertheAntarcticisfarmore
refrigeratedthanitisovertheArcticregions.Thiscoldaircurrentfromthelandissoforcefulthatitmakesthenearby
seasthestormiestintheworldandrendersunlivablethoseregionswhosecounterpartsattheoppositeendoftheglobe
areinhabited.Thus,morethanamillionpersonslivewithin2,000milesoftheNorthPoleinanareathatincludesmost
ofAlaska,Siberia,andScandinavia-aregionrichinforestandminingindustries.Apartfromahandfulofweather
stations,withinthesamedistanceoftheSouthPolethereisnotasingletree,industry,orsettlement.
31.Thebesttitleforthisselectionwouldbe.
fA]Iceland
[B]LandofOpportunity
[C]TheUnknownContinent
[DJUtopiaatLast
32.Atthetimethisarticlewaswritten,ourknowledgeofAntarcticawas.
[AJverylimited
[B]vast
ICJfairlyrich
[D]nonexistent
33.Antarcticaisborderedbythe.
[A]PacificOcean
[BJIndianOcean
[C]AtlanticOcean
[DJAllthree
34.TheAntarcticismadeuninhabitableprimarilyby.
[A]coldair
[B]calmseas
[C]ice
[D]lackofknowledgeaboutthecontinent
35.Accordingtothisarticle.
[A]2,000peopleliveontheAntarcticContinent
[B]amillionpeoplelivewithin2,000milesoftheSouthPole
[C]weatherconditionswithina2,000mileradiusoftheSouthPolemakesettlementsimpractical
[D]onlyahandfulofnativesinhabitAntarctica
1987年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
Text1
Forcenturiesmendreamedofachievingverticalflight.In400A.D.Chinesechildrenplayedwithafan-liketoythat
spunupwardsandfellbacktoearthasrotationceased.LeonardodaVinciconceivethefirstmechanicalapparatus,
calleda“Helix,“whichcouldcarrymanstraightup,butwasonlyadesignandwasnevertested.
Theancient-dreamwasfinallyrealizedin1940whenaRussianengineerpilotedastrangelookingcraftofsteeltubing
witharotatingfanontop.Itroseawkwardlyandverticallyintotheairfromastandingstart,hoveredafewfeetabove
theground,wentsidewaysandbackwards,andthensettledbacktoearth.Thevehiclewascalledahelicopter.
Imaginationswerefired.Mendreamedofgoingtoworkintheirownpersonalhelicopters.Peopleanticipatethat
verticalHighttransportswouldcarrymillionsofpassengersasdotheairlinersoftoday.Suchfantasticexpectations
werenotfulfilled.
Thehelicopterhasnowbecomeanextremelyusefulmachine.Itexcelsinmilitarymissions,carryingtroops,gunsand
strategicinstrumentswhereotheraircraftcannotgo.Corporationsusethemasairborneoffices,manymetropolitan
areasusetheminpolicework,constructionandloggingcompaniesemploytheminvariousadvantageousways,
engineersusethemforsiteselectionandsurveying,andoilcompaniesusethemasthebestwaytomakeoffshoreand
remoteworkstationsaccessibletocrewsandsupplies.Anyurgentmissiontoahard-to-get-toplaceisalikelytaskfora
helicopter.Amongtheirothermultitudeofused:deliverpeopleacrosstown,flytoandfromairports,assistinrescue
work,andaidinthesearchformissingorwantedpersons.
11.Peopleexpectthat.
[A]theairlinersoftodaywouldeventuallybereplacedbyhelicopters
[BJhelicopterswouldsomedaybeabletotransportlargenumberofpeoplefromplacetoplaceasairlinersarenow
doing
ICJtheimaginationsfiredbytheRussianengineer'sinventionwouldbecomearealityinthefuture
[D]theirfantasticexpectationsabouthelicopterscouldbefulfilledbyairlinersoftoday
12.Helicoptersworkwiththeaidof.
[A]acombinationofrotatingdevicesinfrontandontop
[BJarotatingdevicetopside
[C]onerotatingfaninthecenteroftheaircraftandothersateachend
[DJarotatingfanunderneathforlifting
13.Whatissaidaboutthedevelopmentofthehelicopter?
[AJHelicoptershaveonlybeenworkedonbymansince1940.
[B]Chinesechildrenwerethefirsttoachieveflightinhelicopters.
[CJHelicopterswereconsideredmoredangerousthantheearlyairplanes.
[D]Somepeoplethoughttheywouldbecomewidelyusedbyaverageindividuals.
14.Howhastheuseofhelicoptersdeveloped?
[A]Theyhavebeenwidelyusedforvariouspurposes.
[BJTheyaretakingtheplaceofhigh-flyingjets.
[C]Theyareusedforrescuework.
[DJTheyarenowusedexclusivelyforcommercialprojects.
15.Underwhatconditionsarehelicoptersfoundtobeabsolutelyessential?
[A]Foroverseaspassengertransportation.
[B]Forextremelyhighaltitudeflights.
[C]Forhigh-speedtransportation.
[D]Forurgentmissiontoplacesinaccessibletootherkindsofcraft.
Text2
InancientGreeceathleticfestivalswereveryimportantandhadstrongreligiousassociations.TheOlympianathletic
festivalheldeveryfouryearsinhonorofZeus,kingoftheOlympianGods,eventuallylostitslocalcharacter,became
firstanationaleventandthen,aftertherulesagainstforeigncompetitorshadbeenabolished,international.Noone
knowsexactlyhowfarbacktheOlympicGamesgo,butsomeofficialrecordsdatefrom776B.C.Thegamestook
placeinAugustontheplainbyMountOlympus.ManythousandsofspectatorsgatheredfromallpartsofGreece,but
nomamedwomanwasadmittedevenasaspectator.Slaves,womenanddishonoredpersonswerenotallowedto
compete.Theexactsequenceofeventsuncertain,buteventsincludedboy'sgymnastics,boxing,wrestling,horseracing
andfieldevents,thoughtherewerefewersportsinvolvedthaninthemodernOlympicGames.
OnthelastdayoftheGames,allthewinnerswerehonoredbyhavingaringofholyoliveleavesplacedontheirheads.
Sogreatwasthehonorthatthewinnerofthefootracegavehisnametotheyearofhisvictory.AlthoughOlympic
winnersreceivednoprizemoney,theywere,infact,richlyrewardedbytheirstateauthorities.Howtheirresults
comparedwithmodernstandards,weunfortunatelyhavenomeansoftelling.
Afteranuninterruptedhistoryofalmost1,200years,theGamesweresuspendedbytheRomansin394A.D.They
continuedforsuchalongtimebecausepeoplebelievedinthephilosophybehindtheOlympics:theideathatahealthy
bodyproducedahealthymind,andthatthespiritofcompetitioninsportsandgameswaspreferabletothecompetition
thatcausedwars.Itwasover1,500yearsbeforeanothersuchinternationalathleticgatheringtookplaceinAthensin
1896.
Nowadays,theGamesareheldindifferentcountriesinturn.Thehostcountryprovidesvastfacilities,includinga
stadium,swimmingpoolsandlivingaccommodation,butcompetingcourtierspaytheirownathletes'expenses.
TheOlympicsstartwiththearrivalinthestadiumofatorch,lightedonMountOlympusbythesun'srays.Itiscarried
byasuccessionofrunnerstothestadium.ThetorchsymbolizedthecontinuationoftheancientGreekathleticideals,
anditburnsthroughouttheGamesuntiltheclosingceremony.Thewell-knownOlympicflag,however,isamodem
conception:thefiveinterlockingringssymbolizetheunitingofallfivecontinentsparticipatingintheGames.
16.InancientGreece,theOlympicGames.
[A]weremerelynationalathleticfestivals
[BJwereinthenatureofanationaleventwithastrongreligiouscolour
[C]hadruleswhichputforeignparticipantsinadisadvantageousposition
[DJwereprimarilynationaleventswithfewforeignparticipants
17.IntheearlydaysofancientOlympicGames.
[AJonlymaleGreekathleteswereallowedtoparticipateinthegames
[B]allGreeks,irrespectiveofsex,religionorsocialstatus,wereallowedtotakepart
[CJallGreeks,withtheexceptionofwomen,wereallowedtocompeteinGames
[D]allmaleGreekswerequalifiedtocompeteintheGames
18.TheorderofathleticeventsattheancientOlympics.
[A]hasnotdefinitelybeenestablished
[BJvariedaccordingtothenumberofforeigncompetitors
[C]wasdecidedbyZeus,inwhosehonortheGameswereheld
[D]wasconsideredunimportant
19.Modernathletes?resultscannotbecomparedwiththoseofancientrunnersbecause.
[AJtheGreekshadnomeansofrecordingtheresults
[B]theyaremuchbetter
ICJdetailssuchasthetimewerenotrecordedinthepast
[D]theyaremuchworse
20.Nowadays,theathletes5expensesarepaidfor.
[A]outoftheprizemoneyofthewinners
[B]outofthefundsraisedbythecompetingnations
[C]bytheathletesthemselves
[D]bycontributions
Text3
Insciencethemeaningoftheword“explain“sufferswithcivilization'severystepinsearchofreality.Sciencecannot
reallyexplainelectricity,magnetism,andgravitation;theireffectscanbemeasuredandpredicted,butoftheirnatureno
moreisknowntothemodernscientistthantoThaleswhofirstlookedintothenatureoftheelectrificationofamber,a
hardyellowish-browngum.Mostcontemporaryphysicistsrejectthenotionthatmancaneverdiscoverwhatthese
mysteriousforces“really”are."Electricity,“BertrandRussellsays,“isnotathing,likeSt.PauPsCathedral;itisaway
inwhichthingsbehave.Whenwehavetoldhowthingsbehavewhentheyareelectrified,andunderwhatcircumstances
theyareelectrified,wehavetoldallthereistoUntilrecentlyscientistswouldhavedisapprovedofsuchanidea.
Aristotle,forexample,whosenaturalsciencedominatedWesternthoughtfortwothousandyears,believedthatman
couldarriveatanunderstandingofrealitybyreasoningfromself-evidentprinciples.Hefelt,forexample,thatitisa
self-evidentprinciplethateverythingintheuniversehasitsproperplace,henceonecandeducethatobjectsfalltothe
groundbecausethat'swheretheybelong,andsmokegoesupbecausethat'swhereitbelongs.ThegoalofAristotelian
sciencewastoexplainwhythingshappen.ModemsciencewasbomwhenGalileobegantryingtoexplainhowthings
happenandthusoriginatedthemethodofcontrolledexperimentwhichnowformsthebasisofscientificinvestigation.
21.Theaimofcontrolledscientificexperimentsis.
[A]toexplainwhythingshappen
[B]toexplainhowthingshappen
[C]todescribeself-evidentprinciples
[D]tosupportAristotelianscience
22.Whatprinciplesmostinfluencedscientificthoughtfortwothousandyears?
[A]thespeculationsofThales
[B]theforcesofelectricity,magnetism,andgravity
[C]Aristotle'snaturalscience
[D]Galileo'sdiscoveries
23.BertrandRusselPsnotionaboutelectricityis.
[AJdisapprovedofbymostmodernscientists
[B]inagreementwithAristotle'stheoryofself-evidentprinciples
ICJinagreementwithscientificinvestigationdirectedtoward"how”thingshappen
[D]inagreementwithscientificinvestigationdirectedtoward<twhy^^thingshappen
24.Thepassagesaysthatuntilrecentlyscientistsdisagreedwiththeidea.
[A]thattherearemysteriousforcesintheuniverse
[BJthatmancannotdiscoverwhatforces“really”are
[C]thatthereareself-evidentprinciples
[DJthatwecandiscoverwhythingsbehaveastheydo
25.Modernsciencecameintobeing.
[AJwhenthemethodofcontrolledexperimentwasfirstintroduced
[B]whenGalileosucceededinexplaininghowthingshappen
ICJwhenAristotelianscientisttriedtoexplainwhythingshappen
[D]whenscientistswereabletoacquireanunderstandingofrealityofreasoning
1988年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
Text1
Itdoesn'tcomeasasurprisetoyoutorealizethatitmakesnodifferencewhatyoureadorstudyifyoucan'tremember
it.Youjustwasteyourvaluabletime.Maybeyouhavealreadydiscoveredsomecleverwaystokeepyourselffrom
forgetting.
Onedependableaidthatdoeshelpyourememberwhatyoustudyistohaveaspecificpurposeorreasonforreading.
Yourememberbetterwhatyoureadwhenyouknowwhyyou'rereading.
Whydoesaclerkinastoregoawayandleaveyouwhenyourreplytoheroffertohelpis,“No,thankyou.I'mjust
looking^^?Bothyouandsheknowthatifyouaren'tsurewhatyouwant,youarenotlikelytofindit.Butsupposeyou
sayinstead,t4Yes,thankyou.Iwantapairofsunglasses."Shesays,“Rightthisway,please."Andyouandsheareoff
-botheagertolookforexactlywhatyouwant.
It'squitethesamewithyourstudying.Ifyouchoseabookatrandom,44justlooking“fornothinginparticular,youare
likelytogetjustthat-nothing.Butifyoudoknowwhatyouwant,andifyouhavetherightbook,youarealmostsure
togetit.Yourreasonswillvary;theywillincludereadingorstudying“tofindoutmoreabout”,“tounderstandthe
reasonsfor”,"tofindouthow”.Agoodstudenthasaclearpurposeorreasonforwhatheisdoing.
Thisisthewayitworks.Beforeyoustarttostudy,yousaytoyourselfsomethinglikethis,“Iwanttoknowwhy
StephenVincentBenethappenedtowriteaboutAmerica.I'mreadingthisarticletofindout.,,Or,'Tmgoingtoskim
thisstorytoseewhatlifewaslikeinmedievalEngland."Becauseyouknowwhyyouarereadingorstudying,you
relatetheinformationtoyourpurposeandrememberitbetter.
Readingisnotonesingleactivity.Atleasttwoimportantprocessesgoonatthesametime.Asyouread,youtakein
ideasrapidlyandaccurately.Butatthesametimeyouexpressyourownideastoyourselfasyoureacttowhatyouread.
Youhaveakindofmentalconversationwiththeauthor.Ifyouexpressedyourideasorally,theymightsoundlikethis:
“Yes,Iagree.That'smyopiniontoo."or"Ummmm,Ithoughtthatrecordwasbrokenmuchearlier.I'dbettercheck
thosedates,"or“Buttherearesomeotherfactstobeconsidered!**Youdon'tjustsittheretakinginideas-youdo
somethingelse,andthatsomethingelseisveryimportant.
Thisadditionalprocessofthinkingaboutwhatyoureadincludesevaluatingit,relatingittowhatyoualreadyknow,
andusingitforyourownpurposes.Inotherwords,agoodreaderisacriticalreader.Onepartofcriticalreading,asyou
havediscovered,isdistinguishingbetweenfactsandopinions.Factscanbecheckedbyevidence.Opinionsareone's
ownpersonalreactions.
Anotherpartofcriticalreadingisjudgingsources.Stillanotherpartisdrawingaccurateinferences.
16.Ifyoucannotrememberwhatyoureadorstudy,.
[A]itisnosurprise
[B]itmeansyouhavenotreallylearnedanything
[CJitmeansyouhavenotchosentherightbook
[D]yourealizeitisofnoimportance
17.Beforeyoustartreading,itisimportant.
[A]tomakesurewhyyouarereading
[BJtorelatetheinformationtoyourpurpose
[C]torememberwhatyouread
[DJtochooseaninterestingbook
18.Readingactivityinvolves.
[AJonlytwosimultaneousprocesses
[B]primarilylearningaboutideasandevaluatingthemcritically
[CJmerelydistinguishingbetweenfactsandopinions
[D]mainlydrawingaccurateinferences
19.Agoodreaderisonewho.
[A]relateswhathereadstohisownknowledgeaboutthesubjectmatter
[BJdoeslotsofthinkinginhisreading
[C]takesacriticalattitudeinhisreading
[D]isabletocheckthefactspresentedagainstwhathehasalreadyknown
Text2
Ifyouliveinalargecity,youarequitefamiliarwithsomeoftheproblemsofnoise,butbecauseofsomeofitsharmful
effects,youmaynotbeawareoftheextentofitsinfluenceonhumanbehavior.Althougheveryonemoreorlessknows
whatnoiseis,i.e.,itissoundsthatonewouldrathernothear,itisperhapsbesttodefineitmorepreciselyforscientific
purposes.Onesuchdefinitionisthatnoiseissoundsthatareunrelatedtothetaskathand.Thusstimulithatatonetime
mightbeconsideredrelevantwillatanothertimebeconsiderednoise,dependingonwhatoneisdoingatthemoment.
Inrecentyearstherehasbeenagreatdealofinterestintheeffectsofnoiseonhumanbehavior,andconceptssuchas
“noisepollution,,havearisen,togetherwithmovementstoreducenoise.
Exposuretoloudnoisescandefinitelyproduceapartialorcompletelossofhearing,dependingontheintensity,
duration,andfrequencycompositionofthenoise.Manyjobspresentnoisehazards,suchasworkinginfactoriesand
aroundjetaircraft,drivingfarmtractors,andworking(orsitting)inmusichallswhererockbandsareplaying.In
general,continuousexposuretosoundsofover80decibels(ameasureoftheloudnessofsound)canbeconsidered
dangerous.Decibelvaluescorrespondtovarioussounds.Soundsaboveabout85decibelsmay,ifexposureisfora
sufficientperiodoftime,producesignificanthearingloss.Actuallosswilldependupontheparticularfrequenciesto
whichoneisexposed,andwhetherthesoundiscontinuousorintermittent.
Noisecanhaveunexpectedharmfuleffectsonperformanceofcertainkindsoftasks,forinstance,ifoneisperforminga
watchkeepingtaskthatrequiresvigilance,inwhichheisresponsiblefordetectingweaksignalsofsomekind(e.g,,
watchingaradarscreenfortheappearanceofaircraft).
Communicatingwithotherpeopleisunfavorablyaffectedbynoise.Ifyouhaveriddenintherearofajettransport,you
mayhavenoticedthatitwasdifficulttocarryonaconversationatfirst,andthat,eventually,youadjustedtheloudness
ofyourspeechtocompensatefortheeffect.Theproblemisnoise.
20.Noisediffersfromsoundinthat.
[A]itissoundsthatinterferewiththetaskbeingdone
[B]itisaspecialtypeofloudsound
[C]itisusuallyunavoidableinbigcities
[D]itcanbedefinedmorepreciselythanthelatter
21.Oneoftheharmfuleffectsofnoiseonhumanperformanceisthat.
[A]itreducesone'ssensitivity
[B]itrendersthevictimhelpless
fC]itdeprivesoneoftheenjoymentofmusic
[D]itdrownsoutconversationsatworksites
22.Thepurposeofthispassageis.
[Altodefinetheeffectsofnoiseonhumanbehavior
[BJtowarnpeopleofthedangerofnoisepollution
[C]togiveadviceastohowtopreventhearingloss
[DJtotellthedifferencebetweennoiseandsound
Text3
Thetraditionalbeliefthatawoman'splaceisinthehomeandthatawomanoughtnottogoouttoworkcanhardlybe
reasonablymaintainedinpresentconditions.Itissaidthatitisawoman'stasktocareforthechildren,butfamilies
todaytendtobesmallandwithayearortwobetweenchildren.Thusawoman'swholeperiodofchildbearingmay
occurwithinfiveyears.Furthermore,withcompulsoryeducationfromtheageoffiveorsixherroleaschiefeducator
ofherchildrensoonceases.Thus,evenifweagreethatawomanshouldstayathometolookafterherchildrenbefore
theyareofschoolage,formanywomen,thisperiodwouldextendonlyforabouttenyears.
Itmightbearguedthatthehouse-proudwomanwouldstillfindplentytodoaboutthehome.Thatmaybeso,butitis
certainlynolongernecessaryforawomantospendherwholelifecooking,cleaning,mendingandsewing.Washing
machinestakethedrudgeryoutoflaundry,thelatestmodelsbeingentirelyautomaticandabletowashanddryalarge
quantityofclothesinafewminutes.Refrigeratorshavemadeitpossibletostorefoodforlongperiodsandmany
pre-cookedfoodsareobtainableintins.Shopping,insteadofbeingadailytask,canbecompletedinonedayaweek.
Thenewman-madefibersaremorehardwiringthannaturalfibersandgreatlyreducemending,whilegoodready-made
clothesarecheapandplentiful.
Apartfromwomen'sownhappiness,theneedsofthecommunitymustbeconsidered.Modemsocietycannotdowell
withoutthecontributionthatwomencanmakeinprofessionsandotherkindsofwork.Thereisaseriousshortageof
nursesandteachers,tomentiononlytwooftheoccupationsfollowedbywomen.Itisextremelywastefultogiveyears
oftrainingatpublicexpenseonlytohavethequalifiedteacherornursemarryafterayearortwoandbelostforeverto
herprofession.Thetraining,itistrue,willhelpherindutiesasamother,butifshecontinuedtowork,herservice
wouldbemorewidelyuseful.Manyfactoriesandshops,too,arelargelystaffedbywomen,manyofthemmarried.
Whileherethequestionoftrainingisnotsoimportant,industryandtradewouldbeseriouslyshortofstaffifmarried
womendidnotwork.
23.Theauthorholdsthat.
[A]therightplaceforallwomen,marriedorotherwise,isthehome,notelsewhere
[B]allmarriedwomenshouldhavesomeoccupationoutsidethehome
[C]amarriedwomanshouldgivefirstprioritytoherdutiesasamother
[D]itisdesirableforuneducatedmarriedwomentostayathomeandtakecareofthefamily
24.Ahouse-proudwoman.
[Alwoulddevoteherwholelifetoherfamily
[B]wouldtakeherownhappinessandthatofherfamilyasherchiefconcern
[C]wouldstillneedsomespecialtrainingatpublicexpensetohelpherinherdutiesasahousewife
[D]wouldtakefulladvantageofmodernhouseholdappliances
25.Accordingtotheauthor,modernsociety.
[A]canoperatejustaswellevenwithoutwomenparticipation
[B]hasbeengreatlyhamperedinitsdevelopmentbytheshortageofwomennursesandwomenteachers
[C]cannotoperateproperlywithoutthecontributionofwomen
[D]willbeseriouslyaffectedbythecontinuingshortageofworkingwomeninheavyindustriesandinternationaltrade
1989年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
Test1
Ascientistoncesaid:"Ihaveconcludedthattheearthisbeingvisitedbyintelligentlycontrolledvehiclesfromouter
space.”
IfwetakethisasareasonableexplanationforUFOs(unidentifiedflyingobjects),questionsimmediatelycomeup.
“Whydon'ttheygetintouchwithus,then?Whydon'ttheylandrightontheWhiteHouselawnanddeclare
themselves?^^peopleasked.
Inreply,scientistssaythat,whilethismaybewhatwewant,itmaynotnecessarilybewhattheywant.
“Themostlikelyexplanation,itseemstome,^^saidDr.Mead,“isthattheyaresimplywatchingwhatweareupto—
thatresponsiblesocietyoutsideoursolarsystemiskeepinganeyeonustoseethatwedon'tsetinmotionachain
reactionthatmighthaveunexpectedeffectsforoutsideoursolarsystem.^^
Opinionsfromotherscientistsmightgolikethis:"Whyshouldtheywanttogetintouchwithus?Wemayfeelwe're
moreimportantthanwereallyare!Theymaywanttoobserveusonlyandnotinterferewiththedevelopmentofour
civilization.Theymaynotcareifweseethembuttheyalsomaynotcaretosay'hello'.”
SomescientistshavealsosuggestedthatEarthisakindofzooorwildlifereserve.Justaswesetasidewildernessareas
andwildlifereservestoallowanimalsandgrowingthingstodevelopnaturallywhileweobservethem,s
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