板块2词性的转换第1讲名词转换为形容词名词或动词教师用书教案2

第1讲名词转换为形容词、名词或动词[前沿最新动态]题型高考典题试做命题角度解读语法填空1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Thebeautiful(beauty)longbranchescoveredwithpink­coloredbuds(蓓蕾)makefantasticdecorations.2．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Inthe18thand19thcenturies,wealthy(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Theyalsosharedwithusmanytraditional(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwere...4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Runningischeap，easyandit'salwaysenergetic(energy)．5．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I'mascientist(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.6．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Toavoidkneepain，youcanrunonsoftsurfaces，doexercisestostrengthen(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉)，avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.1．给出名词，考查其派生出的形容词形式；2．给出名词，考查其派生出的另一名词形式；3．给出名词，考查其派生出的动词形式。短文改错1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Toeveryone'ssurprising,theballwentintothenet.surprising→surprise2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Ienjoyedstudyingdifferencekindsofcarsandplanes，playingpopmusic，andcollectingthelatestmusicalbums.difference→different名词与形容词的误用。考点一名词转换为形容词[题组试做]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2020·崇左押题卷)AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotalglobal(globe)fertilizerconsumption.2．(2019·北京卷)It'snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyandmeaningful(meaning)collegeexperience.3．(2020·山东淄博一模)BritishPrimeMinisterpaidanofficial(office)visittoChinafromJan.31toFeb.2．4．Heputhiseartothefloorandheardangry(anger)shouts,butnowordsweredistinguishable.5．Thepolicywasrejectedinfavourofamorecautious(caution)approach.6．Shefeelsguilty(guilt)aboutspendinglesstimelatelywithhertwokids.7．Therecanbenodoubtthatyouwillsucceedinyourscientific(science)research.8．TheU．S.issendingadditional(addition)troopstotheregionwhereviolenceoccursfrequently.9．Itisfashionable(fashion)tohaveshorthairnowadays.10．Unlessyourespectotherpeople'sreligions,horrible(horror)mistakesandconflictswilloccur.Ⅱ.单句改错11．(2020·成都第三次诊断性检测)Sincethen，toknowmyselfhasbecomeanimportancepartofmylife. importance→important12．Thetrafficatthecornerofthestreetisverydangerfortheschoolchildren. danger→dangerous13．Mylittlegrandsonisnotroubleatall,buthis6­year­oldeldersisterisrudeandself. self→selfish14．Icountmyselflucktohavemettheprofessor,whoplaysavitalroleinmycareer. luck→lucky[要点解读]名词转换为形容词后缀例词­alcentre→central在中心的；中央的origin→original原来的；起初的crime→criminal刑事的；犯罪的practice→practical实际的­d­eddisease→diseased有病的；病态的talent→talented有才能的；天才的­ialoffice→official官方的；正式的face→facial面部的race→racial种族的finance→financial金融的industry→industrial工业的influence→influential有影响的­fulpeace→peaceful和平的；安静的；和睦的meaning→meaningful有意义的；意味深长的wonder→wonderful精彩的；令人高兴的；令人惊奇的­lesshope→hopeless没有希望的use→useless没用的help→helpless无助的end→endless无尽的­ablefashion→fashionable流行的；时髦的reason→reasonable公平的；合理的value→valuable有价值的；宝贵的­ibleaccess→accessible可到达的；可进入的；可使用的；易懂的horror→horrible极坏的；恐怖的credit→credible可信的；可靠的­ousdanger→dangerous有危险的；不安全的courage→courageous勇敢的；无畏的ambition→ambitious有雄心的；有抱负的；有野心的­yguilt→guilty感到内疚的；有过失的；有罪责的taste→tasty美味的；可口的hunger→hungry饥饿的；挨饿的­icscience→scientific科学的energy→energetic精力充沛的；充满活力的economy→economic经济的；经济上的­ishself→selfish自私的child→childish孩子气的；稚嫩的fool→foolish愚蠢的；傻的­atefortune→fortunate幸运的；吉利的affection→affectionate表示关爱的­icalgrammar→grammatical语法的history→historical(有关)历史的；有关历史研究的考点二名词转换为名词、动词[题组试做]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．I'mascientist(science)whostudyanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.2．Shewasonceindeepdespairinherchildhood(child)becauseofherphysicalillness.3．ThePresidentsetthetargetsforthefuturetopromotefriendship(friend)withEuropeancountries.4．MsGreenhasaskedmetodeputize(deputy)forheratthemeeting.5．Inaddition,plantingtreeshelpsimproveandbeautify(beauty)theenvironment.6．Shehadtochoose(choice)betweengivingupherjoborhiringababysitter.7．SheknewthatSoliwastryingtofrighten(fright)her,soshesmiledtohideherfear.8．Thesehumanactivitieswillendanger(danger)wildlifeandaffectthebalanceofecosystem.Ⅱ.单句改错9．Nowthatyouareabletotakeuparmsanddefenseyourmotherland，weareallproudofyou. defense→defend10．Ihadalwaysimpresseduponthechildrenthatiftheyworkedhardtheywouldsuccessinlife. success→succeed11．Thetwinbrothersarealikeinappearancebutdifferencegreatlyincharacter. difference→differ12．Sheiscurrentlyemployedasacookerinahotel,whereshemakeswestern­stylefood. cooker→cook[要点解读]一、名词转换为名词后缀例词­erastronomy→astronomer天文学家village→villager村民engine→engineer工程师­istart→artist艺术家physics→physicist物理学家novel→novelist小说家­ianmusic→musician音乐家；作曲家library→librarian图书馆馆长；图书管理员politics→politician从政者；政治家­hoodchild→childhood童年；孩童时期neighbor→neighborhood街坊；街区mother→motherhood母亲身份；母性­shipfriend→friendship友谊；友情scholar→scholarship奖学金；学问champion→championship冠军称号；锦标赛二、名词转换为动词前缀例词en­danger→endanger使遭危险；危及；危害courage→encourage鼓励；激励后缀例词­enfright→frighten使惊吓；使惊恐strength→strengthen加强；强化length→lengthen使变长­fybeauty→beautify美化；装饰identity→identify识别；确认­ifyclass→classify分类；归类speech→speechify高谈阔论­izememory→memorize记忆summary→summarize总结apology→apologize道歉Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Itwasa________(fog)coldmorningwhenhesetofffortheremotevillage.foggy[设空处应填入名词fog的形容词形式foggy。]2．Itisobviousthat________(nature)disastershavecontributedtothecontinent'seconomiccrisis.natural[设空处应填入名词nature的形容词形式natural。]3．Themeetingsupposedtobe________(success)turnedouttobeafailureintheend.successful[设空处应填入名词success的形容词形式successful。]4．Peoplecertainlyhaveavarietyofreasonsforgoingbacktoschoolbutoneimportantthingtoknowis,noknowledgeis________(use)．useless[设空处应填入名词use的形容词形式useless。]5．Themoralofthe________(origin)storyisthatadevotedpersoncertainlydeservesrespect.original[设空处应填入名词origin的形容词形式original。]6．Surelythereissomewayoforderingourbusylivessothatwecanliveincomfortandfind________(spirit)harmonytoo.spiritual[设空处应填入名词spirit的形容词形式spiritual。]7．Theclubhasa________(member)ofmorethan500．membership[member“会员”，membership“会员人数”。]8．Meninthepostoffice________(class)mailsaccordingtoplacestheyaretogo.classify[“把邮件分类”，设空处缺少动词，class是名词，classify是动词。]9．Factshaveprovedthatsheisatalented________(music)aswellasbeingaphotographer.musician[music“音乐”，musician“音乐家；作曲家”。]Ⅱ.单句改错1．Idon'tthinkitareasonpracticeforthemtobehavethatwayinoursociety. ________reason→reasonable[practice是名词，应用形容词修饰，reason是名词，reasonable是形容词。]2．Thewealthycouplehasthereputationofbeingkindnesstothepoor. ________kindness→kind[bekindtosb.“善待某人”。]3．Caseslikethisseemtoshowthattrustandrespectareabsencefrommodernmarriage. ________absence→absent[“现代婚姻缺乏信任和尊重”，beabsentfrom“不存在，缺少”是固定搭配。]4．Theteacherdidn'tapprovalofherparents'choiceofreadingmaterialsforher. ________________approval→approve[“不赞同她父母给她选的阅读材料”，didn't后应用动词approve，approval是名词。]Ⅰ.语法填空TheMantaResortisaremoteandluxurioushotel，locatedontheislandofPemba，andfamedforitsuniqueunderwaterroomthatallowsgueststoenjoythe1．________(beauty)marinelifeoftheIndianOceanfromthecomfortoftheirbed!Theunusualroomfloatsalmost250metersawayfromthecoastand2．________(hold)inplacebyseveralanchorlines(锚索)leadingtotheoceanfloor.Thetoptwofloorsoftheunderwaterroomareabovethesurfaceofthewater.Atsealevel，thelandingdeck(甲板)in3．________middlecontainsanareaforrestinganddiningaswellasthebathroomfacilities.4．________(guest)canalsoclimbaladderontothetopdecktolieout5．________thesunorgazeupatthestarsduringthenight.Ofcourse，therealattractionisthebedroomonthebottomlevel，6．________sitsfourmetersbeneaththesurfaceofthewater.Besidesadoublebed7．________(lie)on，theroomalsohastwolargewindowsoneachwall，8．________(give)almostatotal360­degreeviewofthewateraroundit.Eachwindowevenhasunderwaterspotlightsontheoutsidethatattractandilluminate(照明)nearbyseacreaturesatnight，soguestscanwatchthemastheydriftofftosleep.Asyoucan9．________(probable)guess，thecostofenjoyingsuchahotelroomisn'tcheap.SpendingonenightintheunderwaterroomcostsUS$1，500fortwopeopleontopoftheregularcostoftheresort，which10．________(vary)dependingonthetimeofyearanddurationofyourstay.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了坐落在印度洋Pemba岛上的水下宾馆客房。1．beautiful[考查形容词。根据空格后的“marinelife”可知，此处需要用形容词修饰名词，故填beauty的形容词形式beautiful。]2．isheld[考查动词的时态和语态。根据上文的“floats”可知，此处用一般现在时，同时“Theunusualroom”与“hold”之间是被动关系，故需要用被动语态。]3．the[考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示“中间部分的甲板”，故用定冠词the。inthemiddle“在中间”是固定用法。]4．Guests[考查名词单复数。空前无限定词，所以需要用guest的复数形式。]5．in[考查介词。客人们可以爬上梯子到顶层甲板上去晒晒太阳。inthesun表示“在阳光下”。]6．which[考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，此处的先行词是前面的thebedroom，且空处在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以填which。]7．tolie[考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处表示“除了一张可以躺在上面的双人床之外”，故应用不定式作后置定语，来修饰adoublebed。]8．giving[考查非谓语动词。此处逻辑主语是前面的twolargewindowsoneachwall，与give构成主谓关系，故用动词的­ing形式giving。]9．probably[考查副词。根据空后的“guess”可知，此处需填副词修饰谓语动词，故用probable的副词形式probably。]10．varies[考查时态和主谓一致。根据主句的costs可知此处应用一般现在时，which指代theregularcostoftheresort，所以需要用vary的第三人称单数形式varies。]Ⅱ.短文改错MybestfriendsWangBing，LiuHongandIdidvoluntaryworkinourneighborhoodinlastsummer.Everymorningwewouldwalkaround，collectedplasticbags，wastepaperandcans.Thisusuallytookusaboutoneandahalfhourtodothat.After