北京市延庆区八年级下学期期末考试英语试题

20222023学年北京市延庆区八年级（下）期末英语试卷第一部分一、单项填空。从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.MissBlackisakindteacher.Wealllike______.A.she B.her C.he D.him【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：Black小姐是一位和蔼的老师，我们都喜欢她。考查代词辨析。she她，主格；her她，宾格；he他，主格；him他，宾格。空格处缺少动词的宾语，应该用代词的宾格；根据“MissBlack”可知，应用she的宾格形式her。故选B。2.Wehaveabigfamilydinner_______ChineseNewYear’sEve.A.at B.on C.in D.for【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我们在除夕夜吃了一顿丰盛的家庭晚餐。考查介词辨析。at表示具体的时刻；on表示具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上；in泛指上午、下午或晚上；for表示做某事做了多久。根据“ChineseNewYear’sEve”可知此处表示的是“除夕夜”，是具体某一天晚上，用介词on。故选B。3.Doenoughexerciseeveryday,________youwillbestronger.A.but B.or C.and D.for【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：每天做足够的运动，你会更强壮。考查连词辨析。but但是；or否则；and和；for因为。“每天做足够的运动”与“你会更强壮”之间是顺承关系，此处用“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构。故选C。4.—________Ireturnthebooktomorrow?—No,youneedn’t.A.Shall B.Could C.Must D.Can【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——我明天必须还书吗？——不，你不必。考查情态动词辨析。Shall将会；Could能；Must必须；Can能。以Must开头的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn’t或don’thaveto。根据答语“No,youneedn’t.”可知，此处以Must提问。故选C。5.TomandI________inthesameschoolsince2021.A.study B.studied C.willstudy D.havestudied【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：从2021年开始我和汤姆就在同一所学校学习。考查动词时态。根据时间状语“since2021”可知，时态为现在完成时，其谓语动词结构为“have/has+过去分词”，故选D。6.HaituoMountainis_______mountaininYanqing.A.high B.higher C.highest D.thehighest【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：海坨山是延庆最高的山。考查形容词最高级。high高的，形容词原级；higher比较级；highest最高级；thehighest最高级。根据句中表示范围的“inYanqing”可知，空格处使用形容词最高级形式，形容词最高级前需加定冠词the。故选D。7.Ifyou________hard,youwillachieveyourgoals.A.willwork B.worked C.work D.areworking【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：如果你努力工作，你就会实现你的目标。考查动词时态。该句为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主语是you，动词用原形，故选C。8.Lindaisanactress.She________inherfirstplaywhenshewas13yearsold.A.acts B.acted C.willact D.hasacted【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：琳达是一名演员。她13岁时第一次出演戏剧。考查动词时态。根据“whenshewas13yearsold”可知，主句时态用一般过去时，动词应用过去式，故选B。9.Bequiet,please.Ourteachers_______ameetingnow.A.have B.arehaving C.havehad D.had【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：请安静。我们的老师现在正在开会。考查动词时态。根据“now”可知，此处表示现在正在进行的动作，所以本句应用现在进行时“am/isaredoing”。故选B。10.Mygrandpa________hisdogforawalkat7:00yesterdaymorning.A.takes B.took C.wastaking D.hastaken【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：昨天早上7点，我爷爷正在遛狗。考查动词时态。根据“at7:00yesterdaymorning.”可知，是过去具体的时刻，用过去进行时。故选C。11.—________willtheShenzhouXVIcrewstayinsidetheTiangongspacestation?—Foraboutfivemonths.AHowlong B.Howfar C.Howoften D.Howmuch【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——神舟十六号宇航员将在天宫空间站停留多长时间？——大约五个月。考查特殊疑问句。Howlong多长时间；Howfar多远；Howoften多久一次；Howmuch多少钱。根据答语“Foraboutfivemonths.”可知，此处是对一段时间进行提问，应用howlong。故选A。12.—Couldyoupleasetellme________YanqingMuseum?—NextThursday.A.whenwevisit B.whendowevisitC.whenwillwevisit D.whenwewillvisit【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：——你能告诉我我们什么时候去参观延庆博物馆吗？——下周四。考查宾语从句。由答语“NextThursday(下周四)”可知空缺部分应是when引导的宾语从句，而且是一般将来时态，A项为一般现在时，故排除；宾语从句应用陈述语序，B、C项是疑问语序，故排除；D项时态和语序都正确。故选D。二、完形填空。（8分）阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。TheHero“Hank,whyismomsleepingonthefloor?”Isaacaskedhisbrother.Hankgotonhiskneesbesidehismomandheshookherandshouted,“Mommy,WakeUp!”Shedidn’tanswer,soHanktriedagain.Isaacbegantocry.“Don’tworry,Isaac.Itwillbeokay,”Hanksaid,butHankhadtothink___13___.Hewasonlyeightyearsold.Whatcouldhedo?HankwastheoldestandhewastheONLYonewhocould___14___.ThenherememberedhowGrandmausedtoplayagamewithhim.Shewouldpretend(假装)tobea911operator.Shewouldaskhimquestionslike,“Whatisyourname?”“Whatisyouraddress?”Hehad___15___alltherightanswers,soheknewwhattodo.Hankcalled911.Aladyansweredthephoneandsaid,“911,whatisyouremergency?”Hankwas___16___sohetookadeepbreathandsaid,“Hello.MynameisHankRobinson.Mymomisonthefloor.Shelookslikesheissleeping,butIcan’twakeherup.”ThentheladyaskedHankallthequestionshehad___17___withGrandma.Herememberedtospeakloudlyandclearlybecauseitwasimportant.SoagainHanktookadeepbreathandsaid,“Iliveat1203OakStreet,inMadison.”Theladyonthe___18___toldHanknottohangupuntilsomeonecametohishouseandrangthedoorbell.SoHankstayedonthephoneandsoontwofiremencametohelp.Hanklettheminwhentheladyonthephonesaiditwas___19___.Themenhelpedmommytowakeupandthentheygavemommysomeorangejuice.Finally,shesatupandbegantofeelbetter.Shesmiledandthankedthefiremen,andtheytoldherthatHankwasa___20___,becausehehelpedsavehismom’slife.13.A.closely B.luckily C.cheerfully D.quickly14.A.cry B.stand C.help D.play15.A.learned B.designed C.forgotten D.written16.A.shouting B.changing C.shaking D.caring17.A.sang B.practiced C.read D.texted18.A.phone B.floor C.radio D.ground19.A.movable B.alive C.valuable D.safe20.A.creator B.hero C.boy D.student【答案】13.D14.C15.A16.C17.B18.A19.D20.B【解析】【导语】本文讲述了八岁的小男孩汉克在发现母亲昏迷不醒后，迅速采取行动，通过拨打911求助并清晰地提供关键信息，最终帮助母亲获救，被称赞为英雄的故事。13题详解】句意：“别担心，艾萨克。会没事的，”汉克说，但汉克必须迅速思考。closely紧密地；luckily幸运地；cheerfully高兴地；quickly快速地。根据上文“Shedidn’tanswer,soHanktriedagain.Isaacbegantocry.”可知，妈妈出事了，汉克需要快速思考怎么办。故选D。【14题详解】句意：汉克是老大，也是唯一能帮忙的人。cry哭泣；stand站；help帮助；play玩。根据上文“Shedidn’tanswer,soHanktriedagain.Isaacbegantocry.”可知，妈妈出事了，汉克需要提供帮助。故选C。【15题详解】句意：他已经学会了所有的正确答案，所以他知道该怎么做。learned学会；designed设计；forgotten忘记；written写。根据“soheknewwhattodo.”可知，知道怎么做，应是学会了正确答案。故选A。【16题详解】句意：汉克浑身发抖，所以他深吸了一口气并说道。shouting大喊；changing改变；shaking颤抖；caring关心。根据“hetookadeepbreath”可知，他因紧张而发抖才需要深呼吸使自己平静下来。故选C。【17题详解】句意：然后那位女士问了汉克所有他和奶奶练习过的问题。sang唱；practiced练习；read读；texted发短信。根据上文“ThenherememberedhowGrandmausedtoplayagamewithhim.Shewouldpretend(假装)tobea911operator.”可知，游戏里奶奶扮演过911接线员，问过类似的问题，相当于和汉克练习过这些问题。故选B。【18题详解】句意：接的女士告诉汉克，在有人来他家按门铃之前不要挂断。phone；floor地板；radio收音机；ground地面。根据下文“whentheladyonthephone”可知，此处是里的女士在指导汉克怎么办。故选A。【19题详解】句意：当里的女士说安全时，汉克才让他们进去。movable可移动的；alive活着的；valuable宝贵的；safe安全的。根据“Hanklettheminwhentheladyonthephonesaiditwas...”可知，外面的人是安全的才会让进家门。故选D。【20题详解】句意：她微笑着感谢消防员，他们告诉她汉克是个英雄，因为他救了他妈妈命。creator创造者；hero英雄；boy男孩；student学生。根据“becausehehelpedsavehismom’slife.”和标题可知，救了妈妈的命，他应是英雄。故选B。三、阅读理解。阅读下列短文,根据短文内容,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。Hi!I’mEtutororEmma.I’mheretohelpwithanystudyrelatedproblems,whetherbigorsmall.Postamessageontheforumbelow.Hi,Etutor.Ishareabedroomandadeskwithmyeldersister.She’snoisy.IwilltakeexamsintwoweeksandIcan’tconcentrate.Canyouhelp?LucyRe：Lucy___21___Hi,Etutor.Myproblemistime!NextmonthIwillhave12examsinthreeweeks.HowcanIpossiblystudyforallofthem?Ithinkit’simpossible.RudyRe：Rudy___22___Hi,Etutor.Ialwaysgetnervousbeforeexams.Istudyhard,butwhentheexamstarts,Iforgeteverything.Ifeelsostupid.HayleyRe：Hayley___23___A.Itisn’timpossiblebutyouDOhavetogetstartedNOW.Makeastudyplanandhighlightperiodsofstudytimeforeachsubject.Makeadetailedplanforthisweekandthendothesamefortheweeksahead.B.That’samonplaintbetweensisters.Whydon’tyoudiscussarotasystemsothatyouusethedeskatdifferenttimes?Ormaybeyoucouldstudyatthelocallibraryafewdaysaweek.C.Trustyourself.Whenyou’retakingyourexam,payattentiontoyouranswersanddon’tthinkaboutyourgrades.Ifyouworrytoomuch,itwon’thelpyougetgoodresults.D.Lotsofpeopleexperiencethesamethingasyoudo.Yourretellingabilitywillbeimprovedifyoujoinastudygroup.Takingturnstogivepresentationswillbehelpful.【答案】21.B22.A23.C【解析】【导语】本文介绍了线上家教针对Lucy，Hayley和Rudy各自的学习中遇到的问题进行的合理建议。【21题详解】根据表格中的“Hi,Etutor.Ishareabedroomandadeskwithmyeldersister.She’snoisy.IwilltakeexamsintwoweeksandIcan’tconcentrate.Canyouhelp?”（嗨，线上家教。我和姐姐共用一间卧室和一张桌子。她很吵。我两周后要考试，我无法集中注意力。你能帮忙吗？）可知此处回复针对和姐姐之间的如何解决矛盾的建议，B选项“这是姐妹之间常见的抱怨。你为什么不讨论轮换制，这样你就可以在不同的时间使用办公桌呢？或者你可以每周在当地的图书馆学习几天”，符合Lucy情况答复，故选B。【22题详解】根据表格中的“Hi,Etutor.Myproblemistime!NextmonthIwillhave12examsinthreeweeks.HowcanIpossiblystudyforallofthem?Ithinkit’simpossible.”（嗨，线上家教。我的问题是时间！下个月我将在三周内参加12次考试。我怎么可能全部参加呢？我认为这是不可能的。）可知此处回复应对短时间内无法完成多次考试的建议，A选项“这不是不可能的，但你必须现在就开始。制定一个学习计划，并突出每门课的学习时间。为本周制定一个详细的计划，然后为未来几周制定同样的计划”，符合Rudy情况答复，故选A。【23题详解】根据表格中的“Hi,Etutor.Ialwaysgetnervousbeforeexams.Istudyhard,butwhentheexamstarts,Iforgeteverything.Ifeelsostupid.”（嗨，线上家教。考试前我总是很紧张。我很努力学习，但考试开始时，我什么都忘了。我觉得自己太笨了。）可知此处应该回复一些应对考试的建议，C选项“相信自己。当你参加考试时，要注意你的答案，不要考虑你的成绩。如果你太担心，那对你取得好成绩没有帮助”，符合Hayley情况答复，故选C。RunningintheRightDirectionOncetherewasateenageboywhowasknownasafastrunnerinhisvillage.Heonlycaredaboutwinningeveryraceandbeingmoresuccessful.Oneday,theboytookpartinarunningraceinhisvillage.Hewonthe200,100and50meterraceswithoutanyproblem.Hewasproudofhimselfandreceivedgreatapplause(掌声).Buthisgrandfathersteppedinandchallengedhimtoaracewithtwounexpectedpetitors,anoldmanandablindgirl.Theboythoughtitwasunbelievablebutaccepted.Intherace,theboyfinishedfirst,whiletheoldmanandtheblindgirlwerestillatthestartingline.Withjoy,hewavedhishands(挥手)atthecrowd.Buttheykeptsilent.“Whyarepeoplenotcheeringformelikebefore?”heaskedhisgrandfather.“Starttheraceagainwiththem.Butthistime,allofyoushouldcrossthefinishlineatthesametime,”thegrandfatherreplied.Theboywassurprisedbutagreedtotherace.Duringthesecondrace,theboytookthehandsoftheoldmanandtheblindgirlandwalkedslowlywiththemtothefinishline.Thecrowdgavethemastandingapplause.Theboyaskedhisgrandfather,“Forwhomarethepeoplecheering?Isitforme,orthem?”Thegrandfathersmiledandsaid,“Thecrowddidnotcheerforanyoneofyou.Theycheeredforhowyouallrantheracetogether.”Facingtheraceoflife,whatmattersisnotjustwinning,buthowyouruntherace.24.Aftertheboywonthe200,100and50meterraces,hefelt________.A.satisfied B.surprised C.tired D.scared25.Whentheboy’sgrandfatherchallengedhimtotherace,he________.A.askedthecrowdtorunB.cheeredforthepetitorsC.agreedtotakepartinitD.wavedhishandstothepeople26.Fromhisexperience,theboylearned________.A.thepowerofcheeringfortherunnersB.thevalueofhowhewontheraceoflifeC.thedifficultiesofrunningwiththedisabledD.theimportanceofhowherantheraceoflife【答案】24.A25.C26.D【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了一个年轻人在比赛中获胜后，通过与老人和盲女一起参加比赛，意识到比赛中不仅仅是赢得胜利，更重要的是如何一起奔跑。他的祖父告诉他，人们为他们一起奔跑的方式而欢呼，而不是为个人的胜利而欢呼。这个故事告诉我们，在生活的竞争中，重要的不仅仅是获胜，更重要的是如何去奔跑。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据“Hewonthe200,100and50meterraceswithoutanyproblem.Hewasproudofhimselfandreceivedgreatapplause(掌声).”可知，这个男孩赢得了20米、100米和50米的比赛后，他感到很满意。故选A。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据“Buthisgrandfathersteppedinandchallengedhimtoaracewithtwounexpectedpetitors,anoldmanandablindgirl.Theboythoughtitwasunbelievablebutaccepted.”可知，男孩接受了祖父的挑战。故选C。【26题详解】主旨大意题。根据“Facingtheraceoflife,whatmattersisnotjustwinning,buthowyouruntherace.”可知，从此次经历中，男孩学会了，在生活的竞争中，重要的不仅仅是获胜，更重要的是如何去奔跑。故选D。MonkeysShowaSenseofFairnessMosthumansexpecttoreceivefairtreatment.Howaboutotherspecies?Totestwhetherornotsuchbehaviorisfoundinotherspecies,scientistsdesignedanexperimentforbrowncapuchinmonkeys.Thestudyshowedthatbrowncapuchinmonkeysmightfeelthesameway.Thisisthefirsttimescientistshaveseenthiskindofbehaviorinaspeciesexcepthumans.SarahBrosnan,theleaderofthestudy,chosebrowncapuchinmonkeysfortheresearchbecausecapuchinsareknowntohavestrongsocialbonds.Inotherwords,theyhavecloserelationships(关系)withothercapuchins.Theyalsocooperate,forexample,theyshareresponsibilitiesforfoodgatheringactivitiessuchasfindingfruittrees.Individualsweredrawnfromtwolargesocialgroupsofcaptive(人工饲养的)browncapuchinsfromcoloniesattheYerkesNationalPrimateResearchCenterandpairedwithapartner.Pairswereplacednexttoeachotherandtrainedtoexchange(交换)asmallrockwithresearcherswithin60secondstoreceiveareward,inmostcases,apieceofcucumber.“Thatmayactuallysoundsimple,butnotverymanyspeciesarewillingtorelinquishthings,”Brosnansaid,“Thinkoftryingtotakealargebonefromadog’smouth.”Onlyfemalecapuchinsweretestedbecausetheymostcloselymonitorequity,orfairtreatment,amongtheirpeers.Partnersofcapuchinswhomadetheexchangeeitherreceivedthesamereward(acucumberslice),orabetterreward(agrape,amoredesirablefood),forthesameamountofworkor,insomecases,forperformingnoworkatall.Brosnansaidtheresponse(反应)totheunfairtreatmentwassurprising.Whenacapuchinsawitspartnergetbettertreatment,itwasunhappy.Somecapuchinsdidnotwanttocontinuethetestoreatthecucumberstheyreceived.Somethrewtheirfoodattheresearchers.Brosnan’sresearchsuggeststhereisaconnectionbetweenanimalcooperationandadislikeofunfairtreatment.However,asBrosnanexplains,“Wedon’tknowwhethermonkeysbeecooperativeandthenlearntonotlikebeingtreatedunfairly,ortheotherwayaround.Butthatopensupawholenewresearchfield.”27.Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout________.A.howBrosnandidtheresearchB.howBrosnanchosecapuchinsC.whycapuchinshadcloserelationshipsD.whycapuchinswerechosenforthestudy28.Theword“relinquish”inparagraph3probablymeans“________”.A.giveaway B.takeaway C.goaway D.putaway29.Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?A.Capuchinscangetabetterrewardforsharingfoodtheylike.B.Scientistshavefoundthatcapuchinscareaboutfairtreatment.C.Capuchinsgothappierwhentheirpartnersgotabetterreward.D.Scientistshaveknownwhencapuchinsdevelopedthesenseoffairness.30.Whatisthepurposeofthestudy?A.Toknowhowcapuchinslearntocooperate.B.Tofindoutifcapuchinsvaluefairtreatment.C.Tofindoutwhethercapuchinslikegrapesornot.D.Toknowhowcapuchinsexchangetherockswithpeople.【答案】27.D28.A29.B30.B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了研究人员通过实验发现，除了人类之外，棕色卷尾猴也具有公平意识。【27题详解】段落大意题。根据“SarahBrosnan,theleaderofthestudy,chosebrowncapuchinmonkeysfortheresearchbecausecapuchinsareknowntohavestrongsocialbonds.”及通读本段内容可知，本段主要讲了为什么选择卷尾猴作为研究对象。故选D。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Thinkoftryingtotakealargebonefromadog’smouth.’”可知，从狗嘴里取下一块大骨头是很困难的，此处表达不是很多物种愿意放弃东西，故推出划线部分relinquish意为“放弃”。故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据“Mosthumansexpecttoreceivefairtreatment.Howaboutotherspecies?...Thestudyshowedthatbrowncapuchinmonkeysmightfeelthesameway.”“Brosnan’sresearchsuggeststhereisaconnectionbetweenanimalcooperationandadislikeofunfairtreatment.”可知，科学家通过实验证明卷尾猴在乎公平待遇。故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据“Mosthumansexpecttoreceivefairtreatment.Howaboutotherspecies?Totestwhetherornotsuchbehaviorisfoundinotherspecies,scientistsdesignedanexperimentforbrowncapuchinmonkeys.”及通读全文可知，研究的目的是为了了解卷尾猴是否重视公平待遇。故选B。Thinkbacktowhenyouwereinaclassroom,maybeamathsclassroom,andtheteachersetadifficultproblem.Whichofthetwofollowingresponsesisclosertothewayyoureacted?ABOhno,thisistoohardforme.I’mnotevengoingtoseriouslytryandworkitout.Ah,thisisquitetrickybutIliketopushmyself.EvenifIdon’tgettheanswerright,maybeI’lllearnsomethingintheattempt.Earlyinhercareer,thepsychologistCarolDweckofStanfordUniversitygaveagroupoftenyearoldsproblemsthatwereslightlytoohardforthem.Onegroupreactedpositively,saidtheylovedchallengeandunderstoodthattheirabilitiescouldbedeveloped.Shesaystheyhada‘growthmindset’andarefocusedonwhattheycanachieveinthefuture.Butanothergroupofchildrenfeltthattheirintelligencewasbeingjudgedandtheyhadfailed.Theyhada‘fixedmindset’.Theydidn’tbelievetheycoulddoanythingtoimprovethesituation.ProfessorDweckbelievesthatthereisaproblemineducationatthemoment.Foryears,childrenhavebeenpraisedfortheirintelligenceortalent,butthismakesthemvulnerabletofailure.Theybeeperformanceoriented(绩效导向的),wantingtopleasebygettinghighgrades,buttheyarenotnecessarilyinterestedinlearning.Thesolution(解决办法),accordingtoDweck,istopraisetheprocessthatchildrenareengagedin:makinganeffort(努力),usinglearningtipsandimproving.Thiswaytheywillbeemasteryorientedandwillachievemore.Shestatesthatsustainedeffortovertimeisthekeytooutstandingachievement.Psychologistshavebeentestingthesetheories.Studentsweretaughtthatiftheylearnedsomethingnewanddifficult,theneuronsintheirbrainswouldformstrongerconnections,makingthemmoreintelligent.Thesestudentsmadefasterprogressthanacontrolgroup.Inanotherstudy,underperformingschoolchildrenwereexposedtogrowthmindsettechniquesforayear.Theresultswereamazing.Thesechildrencametopinthefinaltests.Theycametoseethatmakinganeffortwasthekeytolearning.So,backtoouroriginalquestion.IfyouansweredB,welldone—youalreadyhaveagrowthmindset.IfA,don’tworry:everyoneisabletobeemasteryorientedwithalittleeffort.31.ProfessorDweckprobablyagreesthat________.A.developinginterestsisthekeytolearningB.developinginterestsismoreimportantthantalentC.weshouldpraisethechildrenwhentheyworkhardD.weshouldpraisethechildrenwhentheygetgoodgrades32.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Learningnewthingscanmakethekidsworkharder.B.StudentswhoansweredAcannotachievetheirdreams.C.Learningnewthingscanhelpthekidsetopinthetests.D.Studentswhohavefixedmindsetcanbeimprovedwithefforts.33.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.IsItImportanttoBeIntelligent?B.IsItImportanttoSolveProblems?C.DoYouHaveLimitingBeliefs?D.DoYouHavetheRightMindset?【答案】31.C32.D33.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了心态对学习和成就的影响，心理学家的研究也证明了这一观点，学生们通过学习新的困难知识可以加强大脑神经连接，从而取得更好的学习成绩，所以只要付出努力，每个人都能培养出成长型心态。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据“Thesolution(解决办法),accordingtoDweck,istopraisetheprocessthatchildrenareengagedin:makinganeffort(努力),usinglearningtipsandimproving.Thiswaytheywillbeemasteryorientedandwillachievemore.”可推知，Dweck教授可能同意当孩子们努力工作时，我们应该表扬他们。故选C。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据“Thesolution(解决办法),accordingtoDweck,istopraisetheprocessthatchildrenareengagedin:makinganeffort(努力),usinglearningtipsandimproving.Thiswaytheywillbeemasteryorientedandwillachievemore.”可知，Dweck认为解决同学们害怕失败的问题的方法是表扬孩子参与的过程，例如很努力，使用了学习到的方法和有进步等，所以可推知，有固定思维模式的学生可以通过努力得到改善。故选D。【33题详解】最佳标题题。通读全文可知，短文主要讲述了心态对学习和成就的影响，所以D项符合。故选D。第二部分本部分根据题目要求,完成相应任务。四、阅读表达。阅读短文，根据其内容回答问题。WhereDoesChocolateeFrom?Chocolateisafavoritefoodtomillionsofpeopleonearth.However,haveyoueveraskedyourselfwhattheoriginofchocolateis?Orhowchocolateismade?Chocolatethatweeatstartswithcacaotrees,alsocalledcocoatrees.CacaotreesgrowinawarmclimatelikeCentralandSouthAmerica,AfricaorpartsofAsia.Itisbelievedthatthegrowingofthecacaotreebegan100millionyearsagointhelowerslopesofAndesMountains.Todayabout70%ofthecacaogrownintheworldisgrowninAfrica.Thecacaodoesverywellinareasalongtheequatorwithahotandrainyclimate.Ittakesabout4yearsforthecacaotreetomature(成熟).Thereafter,onetreeiscapableofproducingabout2,000podseveryyear.Thepodsgrowonthebranchesandtrunksofthecacaotree.Eachpodhasbetween30and40seedsinsideit.Cacaoseedsaresometimescalledthecacaobeans.Thecacaobeanisthemainingredient(原料)intheprocessofmakingchocolate.Atthechocolatefactory,thebeansarecleanedanddried.Usuallytheyareroasted(烘)forupto2hoursinlargerotatingdrums.Thecocoabeanstumbleinthesedrumslikeclothesinaclothesdryer.Afterroasting,theshellofthecocoabeanisremovedandtheinsideofthecocoabeanisthenground(磨碎)byheavysteelplates.Thisprocessformsachocolateliquid.Whenchocolateliquidismoldedandcooled,theproductiscalledunsweetenedchocolate.Sometimesthechocolateliquidismadeintodrycocoapowder.Whencocoaismade,oilfromthecocoabeanispressedoutandisknownascocoabutter.Addsugar,cocoabutter,andvanillaflavoringtounsweetenedchocolateandyouhaveachocolatecandy.Ifyoualsoaddmilk,theproductismilkchocolate.Nextthemilkchocolatemixturegoesthroughheatingandcoolingcyclesbeforebeingmolded.Finallyitismoldedintomilkchocolatecandybarsoritismadeintotenpoundblocksofchocolatethataresoldtoothercandybarmanufacturers.34.Wheredocacaotreesgrow?___________________35.Howarethecacaobeansdried?____________________36.Whatiscocoabutter?_____________________37.Isthechocolatecandythesameasthemilkchocolate?Whyorwhynot?_____________________【答案】34.TheygrowinCentralandSouthAmerica,AfricaorpartsofAsia.35.Theyareroastedforupto2hoursinlargerotatingdrums.36.Itisoilfromthecocoabean.37.No.Becausemilkchocolateshouldbemadeafteraddingmilkintochocolatecandy.【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了可可传入欧洲的历史、可可树的种植、巧克力和可可饮料的制作过程。【34题详解】根据“CacaotreesgrowinawarmclimatelikeCentralandSouthAmerica,AfricaorpartsofAsia.”可知，可可树生长在中美洲、南美洲、非洲或亚洲部分地区。故填TheygrowinCentralandSouthAmerica,AfricaorpartsofAsia.【35题详解】根据“Atthechocolatefactory,thebeansarecleanedanddried.Usuallytheyareroasted(烘)forupto2hoursinlargerotatingdrums.Thecocoabeanstumbleinthesedrumslikeclothesinaclothesdryer.”可知，可可豆被放在大型旋转桶中烘烤长达2小时。故填Theyareroastedforupto2hoursinlargerotatingdrums.【36题详解】根据“Whencocoaismade,oilfromthecocoabeanispressedoutandisknownascocoabutter.”可知，可可脂是可可豆中的油。故填Itisoilfromthecocoabean.【37题详解】根据“Addsugar,cocoabutter,andvanillaflavoringtounsweetenedchocolateandyouhaveachocolatecandy.Ifyoualsoaddmilk,theproductismilkchocolate.”可知，巧克力糖是在不加糖的巧克力中加入糖、可可脂和香草调味料；而加入牛奶之后才会变成牛奶巧克力。所以巧克力糖不等于牛奶巧克力。故填No.Becausemilkchocolateshouldbemadeafteraddingmilkintochocolatecandy.五、请将下面的句子翻译成英文。38.我爷爷很关心我。____________________【答案】Mygrandfathercaresaboutmeverymuch.【解析】【详解】我爷爷：mygrandfather；关心：careabout；很：verymuch（用于修饰动词care）；我：me（此处作宾语，所以用宾格）；根据句意可知，此句为陈述句，句子时态为一般现在时态；mygrandfather是句子的主语，是第三人称单数，故谓语动词care使用三单形式cares。故填Mygrandfathercaresaboutmeverymuch.39.他花太多时间发短信。____________________【答案】Hespendstoomuchtimetexting.【解析】【详解】他：he；花时间做某事：spendtimedoingsth.；太多时间：toomuchtime；发短信：text。根据句意可知，此句为陈述句，句子时态为一般现在时态。he是句子的主语，是第三人称单数，故谓语动词spend使用三单形式spends；结合短语spendtimedoingsth.可知，动词text要变成texting。故填Hespendstoomuchtimetexting.40.我的姑姑对我影响很大。____________________【答案】Myaunthasagreatinfluenceonme【解析】【详解】我的姑姑myaunt，作主语；对某人影响很大：haveagreatinfluenceonsb.；我：me，宾格。时态用一般现在时，主语是三单，动词have也应用三单形式has。故填Myaunthasagreati