山东省威海市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版）

高二英语本试卷共10页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whereistheman’sphonenow?A.Inthegym.B.Inthecar.C.Inthewoman’sbag.2.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Playbasketball.B.Washhands.C.Cookdinner.3.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeelnow?A.Tired.B.Hungry.C.Angry.4Whatcolorshirtisthemanwearingtoday?A.Red.B.White.C.Blue.5.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantobuy?A.Acake.B.Somesugar.C.Somechocolate.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6和第7题。6.Wheredidtheystoptheircar?A.Atacargarage.B.Ataparkingplace.C.Atagasstation.7.What’swrongwiththecar?A.Itrunsoutofpetrol.B.Itsengineisbroken.C.Itneedswaterinthetank.听第7段材料，回答第8和第9题。8Whatdidthewomandoathomeaweekago?A.Paidherfeesviae-banking.B.Signedupforclassesonline.C.Studiedfortheentranceexam.9.Whatdoesthewomanhavetodonow?A.Gototheclassroom.B.Gettheclasslist.C.Selecthercourses.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Howcanparentspreventchildrenfromfallingdownthestairs?A.Byaccompanyingthem.B.Byfittingsafetygates.C.Byusingmats.11.Whichplaceisthemostdangerousaccordingtothewoman?A.Thekitchen.B.Thebathroom.C.Thelivingroom.12.Whatisprobablytheman?A.Awriter.B.ATVhost.C.Aradiohost.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.What’swrongwithsmoothies(奶昔),accordingtothearticleaboutsmoothies?A.Theyaremoreexpensive.B.Theylackessentialnutrients.C.Theycontaintoomuchsugar.14.Whatdidthemanputinhissmoothie?A.Milk.B.Icecream.C.Vegetables.15.Whydoesthewomansuggestthemanreadthearticleaboutsmoothies?A.Tolearnhowtomakebettersmoothies.B.Toknowthenegativeeffectsofdrinkingsmoothies.C.Toknowhowtorelievethehungercausedbysmoothies.16.Whatdoesthemanimplyintheend?A.He’llreadthearticle.B.He’llstopdrinkingsmoothies.C.He’sstillgoingtomakesmoothies.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhydoesCindycallMr.Black?A.Toinquireabouthistravelpreferences.B.ToconfirmhisflightreservationtoLondon.C.ToprovideinformationaboutLondontouroptions.18.Whatwillbeincludedintheself-guidedtour?A.Travelguidelines.B.Atravelschedule.C.Hotelbooking.19.Whatactivityisplannedforthefirstdayofthetour?A.AtriptotheBritishMuseum.B.AvisittoBuckinghamPalace.C.AboattourontheThamesRiver.20.WhichfactormayinfluenceMr.Black’sdecision?A.Themoneyhecanafford.B.Theconvenienceofthetravel.C.Thedeparturedateofthetour.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A2024YouthDesignChallenge(YDC)sawremarkableparticipationfromacrosstheworld.Thewinnershaveofferedunique,nature-inspiredideastosolvelocaldesignchallenges.GreenBuoy(浮标)OysterfarminginSouthKoreaisanindustrythatcontributestomicroplasticpollutionintheoceanthroughthebreakdownofbuoys.TeamDesignMatterfromSeoulcreatedGreenBuoy,whichismadefromamaterialthatbreaksdownnaturally,removingtheriskofmicroplasticpollutionandpromotingsustainablemarinefarming.Theteamtookinspirationfromawaterplant,mimickingitsdome-shapedairpocketstoprovidebuoyancy.Theydesignedthebuoyconnectormodulesbystudyingthewaythatseahorsesusetheirtailstoholdfirmlyontocoralreefs.TheBeenard’sCanopyAccesstocleanandaffordabledrinkingwaterisstillnotauniversalreality,particularlyinSouthSudan.TeamASquaredfromBeijingdesignedtheBeenard’sCanopy.InspiredbytheNamibBeetle,MolochLizard,andtheDesertRattlesnake,theirdevicegathersthedewintheair,channelsthecollectedwaterthroughafilter(过滤器),andstoresthewaterinacontainerfordrinkingpurpose.Theideaaddressestheproblemoflackofaccesstocleanwaterbyprovidinganeconomicallypracticalsolution.RainNetInrecentyears,extremeweatherhascausedseverefloodinginCalifornia,andyet,formostofthisteam’slife,Californiahasbeeninadrought.Addressingbothproblemsatonce,theteamdesignedaraincatchmentdevice,RainNet.Inspiredbyhowplantsmovewaterandthepatternsofleafveins,theRainNethasgotinspirationfromthexylem(木质部)inplants,initsdesignoftubesthatguide,collect,andfilterrainwater.Theinventioncouldbeadaptedtofitvariousroofsandthedesignmakesitpossibletoconnectvarious“nets,”allowingformorethanonedrainage(排水)system.1.WhatproblemdidTeamDesignMatterintendtosolve?A.Coralreefdamage. B.Microplasticpollution.C.Marinediversityloss. D.Lowoysterproduction.2.Whatinspiredthesolutiontourbanflooding?A.Desertcreatures. B.Theshapesofleaves.C.Watermovementinplants. D.Thenetworkofplantroots.3.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.TopromoteYDCprogram. B.Tointroducethe2024YDCwinners.C.Toadvertisenature-inspireddesigns. D.Toexplaintheconceptofbiomimicry.BDr.JaneGoodallwasonly26whenshetraveledtoTanzaniatolearnaboutwildchimpanzeesin1960.Theworldknewverylittleaboutthespeciesatthetime.Overthecourseofsixdecades,hergroundbreakingresearchhastransformedthewayweseehumanrelationshipswithchimpanzeesandhasshowedusanentirelynewmethodforwildliferesearch.Goodall’sresearchwasrevolutionarybecausesheintegratedherselfwithinthewildchimpanzeecommunitiestolearnabouttheirsocialandfamilialinteractions.Shenamedeachanimalandformedclosebondswiththem,learninghowverysimilartheyweretous.“Theirbehavior,withtheirgestures,kissing,embracing,holdinghands,”shesaidofwhatshelearnedaboutchimpanzeesinherresearch.“Infact,theycanuseandmaketools,thefacttheycanbeviolentandcanhaveakindofwar—buttheyarealsolovingandselfless.”Goodallsaidevenafterallthistime,thereisstillsomuchtolearnfromthem.“It’slikeifyou’rewatchingagroupofpeople.Newideascropup.Newbehaviorsstart.Thatmeansanevolvingculture.”Inadditiontoherresearch,shehasbeenatirelessadvocateforconservationandanimalrightsandhasbeenanoutspokenclimatechangeactivist.Shesaysthecoronaviruspandemichasshownushowhumansareaffectingourglobalecosystem.“Webroughtthispandemictoalargeextentonourselves—wehavedisrespectedthenaturalworldandanimals,andwe’vebeencuttingdownforests.Animalsarebeingdriveninclosercontactwithpeople.”shesaid.“Thiscreatesafantasticenvironmentwhereanimal-to-humandiseasecanbetransmitted.”Shewarnswhilewe’vemadeitthroughCOVID-19,climatechange,anotherresultofhumans“disrespecting”theearth,willbeatougheropponent.However,sheremainshopeful.Sheurgesglobalcollectiveactionandarenewedcommitment,which,shebelieves,canhelpturnthetide.“It’scooperationthatweneedifwe’regoingtoreverseclimatechangeandlossofbiodiversity.”shesaid.4.WhatwasGoodall’snewmethodforchimpanzeeresearch?A.Analyzingexperimentaldata. B.Observingandrecordingtheirbehavior.C.Livingamongtheminthewild. D.Groupingthemandmakingcomparisons.5.WhatisthegroundbreakingfindingofGoodall?A.Chimpanzeesareendangeredspecies.B.Chimpanzeesareancestorsofhumans.C.Chimpanzeeshavetheirownlanguage.D.Chimpanzeeshavecomplexsocialsystems.6.WhydidGoodallmentionCOVID-19?A.Tostresstheneedofglobalcooperation.B.Tohighlightthevalueofpandemicprevention.C.Toshowtheconsequencesofdisrespectingnature.D.TorevealtheimpactofCOVID-19onglobalhealth.7.Inwhichcolumnofamagazineisthistextmostlikelytoappear?A.Pioneer. B.Opinion. C.Wildlife. D.Lifestyle.CWhenyouwatchagreatfilm,there’salwaysagreatmixofeverythingyouenjoy:Explosions!Exotic(异国的)locations!Amazingstunts(特技)!AndallofitanchoredbyfamousA-listactors.However,allthatcouldsoonbechanged.HollywoodwasrockedrecentlybyanAIprogramcalledSora.Allyouneedtodoistypeinadescriptionofwhatyouwanttowatch,anditcreatesavideouptooneminutelong.Thisispossiblebecausetheprogrammehasbeenfedthousandsofhoursofexistingvideos,searchedthroughthemforpatterns,andthenusedthislearningtocreatenewcontent.Asitdevelops,thistechnologycouldallowfilmmakerstogreatlyexpandtheircreativity.Simplygivethecomputerprogramascript(脚本),tellitwhatactorsyouwant,anditwillcreateamovieforyou.Thiswillmakeitmuchcheapertomakefilms.AImightevenhelptocreatefilmstailoredtopersonaltastesbyanalyzingviewinghistoryandmakingacustommovie.AmazingdevelopmentsinAIcouldfuelaneweraoffilmmaking.However,thereareconcerns.ManyarguethatAIcan’tbetrulycreative,ashumansare.AIexpertBernardMarrwrites,“Nomatterhowimpressiveapieceofcomputer-createdartworkmightbe,it’salwaysbuiltfromblockscarvedoutofthedatathat’susedtotrainit.”AIactorscouldleadtoafloodofpoorquality,cheapfilms.AsAIfilmscopyandremixdatafromeachother,researcherswarnthatthiscouldleadtoa“downwardspiral”,wherefilmsbecomemoresimilarandmoreboringovertime.“Humanemotionmustalwayscomefirst”saysAvatardirectorJamesCameron.AIactorsmayneverrecreatethecomplexityofemotionsthathumanscan.Theywillprobablystaytrappedinthe“uncannyvalley”—theuncomfortablefeelingwegetwhenweseesomethingthat’salmost—butnotquite—human.8WhyisSoramentionedinthetext?A.ToexplaintheprinciplesofAIfilmmaking.B.TohighlightAI’simpactonfilmmakers’creativity.C.ToshowhowAIcanchangetraditionalfilmmaking.D.TointroduceanAIprogramforcreatingcustomfilms.9.WhatisapossibleconcernaboutAIfilms?A.Theymaycausecopyrightissues.B.Theymaybemuchlikeeachother.C.Theymaychangethewayhumansenjoyfilms.D.Theymaynotbeasimpressiveashuman-madefilms.10.HowdopeopletypicallyfeelaboutAIactorsimitatinghumanemotions?A.Awkward. B.Confused. C.Frightened. D.Shocked.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.SoraIsShakingHollywoodB.CreateYourFilmswithSoraC.ShouldAIReplaceRealActors?D.DoesAIGuaranteeGreatFilms?DPermanentlunarhabitationwillbeoneofthemostdifficultthingsmankindhaseverdone,anditposesseveralimmediatequestions.Forastart,whereontheMoonwouldsuchasettlementbe?Noteverywhereonourfriendlysatelliteisequalwhenitcomestosettlingthere.Thankstoitsorbitalpath,theMoonhasalongday-nightcycle,witheachdayornightlastingmorethantwoweeksonEarth.Thismeansthatthemostlikelyplaceforhumansettlementsisnearoneofthepoles,wherelightisallbutpermanent,andthevariationsbetweentemperatureextremesaremuchlessseverethaninequatorial(赤道)regions.Therearealsothoughttobesignificantwaterreservesatthepoles.TwospecificsitesoftenmentionedareMountMalapert,nearthesouthpole,andtherimofthePearyCrater,nearthenorth.ExpertssaythatMountMalapertisprobablyfilledwithhydrogenandheliumdeposits.There’sabroad,smoothlandingarea,clearlyincontinuousmicrowavevisibilityofEarth(fortrackingandcommunications).And,notfaraway,arepermanentlyshadedareastothesouth,whichcouldbeeasilyreachedbyavehicledrivendownthesouthslopeofthemountain.Butifthatdoesn’tappeal,advantagesoftherimofthePearyCraterincludeitslarge,flatlandscape,surroundedbyfourmountainousregionsontherim,whichstaybrightalllunarday.Thislightsourcemeansarelativelystabletemperatureandsolarpower.Havingchosenthelocation,accommodationwouldalsolikelytakeoneoftwoforms:belowthesurfaceinundergroundlavatubes,oronthesurfaceinbiodomes(生物圈).Undergroundhastheadvantageofgreaterprotectionfrommeteoritestrikesandfromsolarradiation,whichisaround200timesmorepowerfulontheMoonthanonEarth.Butovergroundofferseasieraccessandtransport,nottomentionthementalthrillofbeing“outside”.Amixtureofthetwoismostlikely.Lunarbuildingscouldbecreatedwith3D-printingtechnology,usingmoondustastheprimaryconstructionmaterial.LikeanyEarthcity,settlementswouldneedsuppliesofenergyandfood—sowherewouldtheybefound?12.Whatdoes“this”inparagraph3referto?A.TheMoon’slongday-nightcycle.B.TheMoon’spatharoundtheEarth.C.Nearlypermanentsunlightatthepoles.D.Smalldifferencebetweentemperatureextremes.13.WhatistheuniqueadvantageoftherimofthePearyCraterforlunarsettlement?A.Vastwaterresources. B.Large,flatlandingarea.C.Consistentlightsource. D.Mountainouslandscapes.14.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Whatanideallunaraccommodationislike.B.Whatisamustforanideallunaraccommodation.CWhattechnologyisneededforlunaraccommodation.D.Whatthenextfocusofanideallunaraccommodationis.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothepermanentlunarhabitation?A.Neutralaboutitsprospects. B.Concernedabouttherisksinvolved.C.Doubtfulaboutitspossibility. D.Positiveaboutthepotentialandbenefits.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Campusloangenerallyreferstoaprivateloangiventoacollegestudentonthecampus.Internetlenders,mostofwhomareloansharks(高利贷者),offersuchloanstostudentswhoneedthemoneytomeettheircollegeandotherexpenses.____16____Buttheseloanscomewithhighinterestandoftenwithcollateralsecurity(抵押担保),whichhasincludednakedphotographsoffemalestudents.Notbeingmatureenoughtoreadthetrapattachedtosuchloans,manystudentshavefallenpreytotheloansharks.____17____Inthatcase,collegestudentsshouldfirstlearntorecognizethedangers.Theyshouldrealizethatbyapplyingforan“internetloan”,theythemselvesareleakingtheirpersonalinformation,includingtheirnationalIDandstudentIDcardnumbersandbankdetails.____18____Forexample,theymaytrickthemintosigningacontract(合同)forahugeloan,butlendingthemonlyasmallamount.Inordertoavoidthedangers,thestudentsshouldlimittheirconsumptiontowhattheyreallyneed,increasetheirfinancialknowledgeandlearnhowtoprotectthemselvesusinglegalmeans.Tobeginwith,beforeapplyingforaloan,thestudentsshouldcarefullycomparethefinancialserviceinformationandtheextrafeesdifferentinternetlenderschargeonloans.____19____Moreimportant,theyshouldanalyzetheactualinterestandthefinefornotpayingtheinterestontime,andproperlykeeptheloancertificate.Also,whenthestudentsarethreatenedwithphysicalviolencetorepaytheloan,theyshouldrecordtheconversationandreportittothepoliceintime.____20____Moreover,thestudentsshouldlearntoprotecttheirprivacy.Andtheyshouldavoidthemisuseoftheirpersonalinformationbyotherpeopletoavoidgettinginvolvedinfinancialcrimes.A.Campusloanisinessenceaprivateloan.B.Campusloanscomewithmany,hiddenlegalrisks.C.Someinternetlendersevenpromoteso-calledjob-huntingloan.D.Besides,someinternetlendersuseloantrickstocheatthestudents.E.Theseloansarepopularduetotheireasyapplicationandapproval.F.Thisway,thoseissuingsuchthreatscanbeheldresponsiblefortheiractions.G.Theyshouldalsocarefullyreadandunderstandthecontractbeforesigningit.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasluckyenoughtohavealotofgreatteachers,butoneinparticular____21____thepersonIamtoday:LinRobbins.MissRobbins’enthusiasmwasinfectious.Fromthefirstdayofclass,shewasalwayssmilingandhadlimitless____22____.Inherclass,shewasnotaskmasterandtherewasnotoughlove,just____23____aboutwhatshecouldteachus.Butitneverfeltlikeshewasteaching,itwasasifshewantedto____24____thisreallycoolthingwithyou.OnedayMissRobbinsgavemeacopyofTheCatcherInTheRye.Icouldn’ttellwhatMissRobbins____25____inme—whyIwasgivenextra____26____andcare.Butlookingback,Iknowit’s____27____thatIwastheonlyone.Shehadalibraryatthebackofherclassroomwitha(n)____28____policyaroundborrowingbooks.Shewasn’tshyaboutsharingherpassionfor____29____.Shejustgaveittomeandsaid,“Ithinkyou’llreally____30____it.”Itturnedoutthatshewas____31____.TherewassomethingabouttheleadingcharacterofthenovelthatIimmediatelyconnectedwith.This____32____inspiredmetostartwriting,andIhaven’t____33____since.Toughasitis,IknowIhavetokeepwriting.AndIalsoknowwhoI’m____34____onanypodium(领奖台).MissRobbins.I’mgratefulthatshesawwhateveritisshesawinme,andthatshegavemethe____35____Ineededtobecomeawriter.21.A.changed B.shaped C.respected D.trusted22.A.creativity B.energy C.devotion D.knowledge23.A.excitement B.confusion C.anxiety D.confidence24.A.check B.recall C.share D.exchange25.A.wanted B.built C.saw D.awoke26.A.attention B.patience C.sympathy D.comfort27.A.impossible B.unbelievable C.strange D.surprising28.A.open B.famous C.sound D.informal29.A.teaching B.writing C.science D.literature30.A.notice B.deserve C.like D.make31.A.right B.proud C.honest D.kind32.A.gift B.love C.story D.connection33.A.stopped B.won C.tried D.practiced34.A.missing B.thanking C.helping D.contacting35.A.nudge B.pressure C.chance D.method第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheSilkRoadshavelongbeenasymbolofculturalexchangeandinteractionbetweenEastandWest.Since1988,UNESCO____36____(seek)tobetterunderstandtherichhistoryandsharedlegacy(遗产)oftheSilkRoadsandhowcultureshaveinfluencedeachother.AspartofUNESCO’scommitmentto____37____(create)acultureofpeace,theSilkRoadsOnlinePlatformaims____38____(promote)thisuniquehistoryofmutualexchangeanddialogue.InthewordsofUNESCO’sDirectorGeneral,AudreyAzoulay,“Wemustlearnfromtheexchanges____39____tookplacealongtheSilkRoads.TheseexchangesformedconnectionsbetweenpeoplesandculturesacrossAsiaandEurope—____40____thisinmind,wecanworktofoster(促进)much____41____(need)dialogueandmutualrespectgoingforward.”WithinthisOnlinePlatform,variousaspectsoftheseroutescan____42____(explore)throughaseriesofthemes,coveringsubjectsrangingfromfestivalsandtraditionalcraftsmanshipalongtheSilkRoads,toWorldCulturalHeritage,museums,cities,andmuchmore.Thesethemesarealsodisplayed____43____(visual)ontheplatform’sinteractiveSilkRoadsMap.Thisstandsasavitaltoolfor____44____wishestostudyanyaspectoftheroutesindetail.Thisonlineplatformisdedicatedtobuildingactivelinksbetweenpeoplefromdifferentcommunitiesalongthe____45____(long)oftheseroutes.Inthisway,thelegacyoftheSilkRoadsliveson.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你校英文报Opinion栏目本期话题为“OriginalPhotoorEditedPhotoforResume(简历)?”请写一篇短文，发表你的观点。注意：1.词数80左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Regardingthetopicof“OriginalPhotoorEditedPhotoforResume”,Iprefer____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Allyworkedwithhermotherintheirvegetablegardeneveryday.Theproducefromtheirgardenwassoldatmarket.Thiswashowtheymadetheirliving.Ally’sjobwastomakesuretheplantswerenevertoodry.EachdayAllycarefullywateredanyplantthatneededwater.Allyhelpedtakecareofthegardeninotherways,too,sothevegetableswouldbehealthyandreadyforthemarket.Allyoftenpretendedtheplantswerebeautifulroses,likeMrs.Smith’sprizeflowers.“Foolishgirl!”hermotherspokeangrily.“Flowerscan’tbeeat