职称英语卫生类B级模拟27

［模拟］职称英语卫生类B级模拟27

词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有

括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号

里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第1题：

rm(sceptical)oftheteam，schancesofwinning.

A.hesitate

B.doubtful

C.humble

D.irritable

参考答案：B

sceptical与doutbful同义,意为"(对某事物)不肯相信的，怀疑的。"hesitate

“犹豫，踌躇，迟疑"；humble“谦让的，低下的，卑微的"；irritable"急

躁的，易怒的，暴躁的”。

第2题：

Ourinterestswerequite(distinct)fromtheseofthemanagers.

A.different

B.grateful

C.noble

D.mature

参考答案：A

bedistincefrom与bedifferentfrom同义，意为“与...不同，与...不

一样」

第3题：

Manydifficultwordsareoutsidethe(scope)ofthislearner's.

A.awareness

B.distance

C.range

D.aim

参考答案：C

scope与range同义，意为“范围，限度，幅度，程度。"awareness"察觉，

知道，明白"；distance“距离，间距“；aim“目的，意图”。

1

第4题：

(Merge)thefollowingtwoshortsentencesintoonenewsentence.

A.Split

B.Break

C.Combine

D.Divide

参考答案：C

merge与combine同义，意为“(使两事物)合并，组合，结合"。split”使(某

事物)裂开，碎裂"；break"弄破，弄碎，弄断"；divide"分隔，分开，分割

开”。

第5题：

BecauseofthestrongsunMrs.Williamnewbluedining-room(curtains)

fadedtograywithinayear.

A.windowcoverings

B.cushions

C.curves

D.screens

参考答案：A

curtains意为“窗帘，帘子”，与windowcoverings同义。cushion“软垫，

靠垫，垫子"；curve“曲线，弧线"；screen"屏，幕，隔板”。

第6题：

Everyexperienceteachesthepeoplesomethingandtheeffectsare

(cumulative).

A.increasing

B.conspicuous

C.noticeable

D.dubious

参考答案：A

cumulative与increasing同义，意为“(数量，力量等)渐增的，累积的。

conspicious”显而易见的，明显的，惹人注目的“；noticeable“易见的，明

显的，显著的"；dubious“不大可靠的，名声不好的，冒风险的”。

第7题：

Manyrichmenonlydriveold,(unpretentious)cars.

A.ordinary

B.second-hand

2

C.luxury

D.shabby

参考答案：A

unpretentious与ordinary同义，意为“不夸大的，平常的，普通的。"second-hand

“二手的"；luxury"豪华的，奢侈的，奢华的"；shabby“破旧的，衣衫褴褛

的”。

第8题：

Thewoman's(scowl)showedshewasnotsatisfiedwiththeservicehere.

A.ironicexpression

B.bad-temperedlook

C.goodlooking

D.trickylook

参考答案：C

scowl与bad-temperedlook同义，意为“怒容”。

第9题：

Theroadwascoveredwithsnowandice.SoI(slithered)veryoften.

A.walkedslowly

B.lookedaround

C.slippedunsteadily

D.felltotheground

参考答案：C

slither与slipunsteadily同义，意为“摇晃不稳地滑动或滑行。”

第10题：

The(consumption)ofbeerdidnotgodownwhenthetaxwasraised.

A.production

B.price

C.expense

D.value

参考答案：C

consumption与expense同义，意为“消费，开销"。production”制造,生产，

产量”；price“价格，价钱"；value“价值”。

第11题:

3

BenjaminRushestablishedthefirstfree(dispensary)intheUnited

States.

A.clinic

B.school

C.library

D.university

参考答案：A

dispensary表示“诊疗所”，与A项的clinic"诊所"意思相同。school"学

校”；library“图书馆”；university"大学”。

第12题：

Mywifehasbeen(exerting)alotofpressureonmetochangemyjob.

A.exhausting

B.demonstrating

C.using

D.exhibiting

参考答案：C

exert与use同义，意为“用(某特质，技巧，压力等)应用。"exhaust“用尽,

耗尽,使疲倦/疲劳”；demonstrate”证明,论证,表明,表示"。exhibit

“当众显示，展览，展出”。

第13题：

Shehadtolookafterahouse,abiggardenandfivedogs(into)the

bargain.

A.inaddition

B.including

C.except

D.inall

参考答案：A

intothebargain意为“加之,此外，除...之外"，与inaddition同义。

第14题：

Hedevoteshistimetothe(acquisition)ofknowledge.

A.achievement

B.handle

C.obtaining

D.provision

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参考答案：C

acquisition与obtaining同义，意为“获得,得到,获得物。”achievement

“达到，完成，成绩，成就”；handle“可能被利用的事实，把柄，可乘之机”；

provision”供应,提供,供给”。

第15题：

TheattackonFortSumternearCharleston（provoked）asharpresponsefrom

theNorth,whichledtotheAmericanCivilWar.

A.demanded

B.elicited

C.expedited

D.defied

参考答案：B

provoked“弓|起”与B项的elicited“弓|起"同义。demanded“要求"；expedited

“促进"；defied“蔑视”。

阅读判断阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据

短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选

择A项；如果该句提供的错误信息，请选择B项；如果该句的信息文

章中没有提及，请选择C项。

Antibioticresistancedoesn，tjustmakepathogens（病原体）difficult

totreat,ItalsomakesthemhardertotrackTraditionally,

epidemiologists（流行病专家）followingthepathsofdisease-causing

microbeshaveidentifiedtheirsuspectsbyfeaturesofbacterial

polysaccharide（多糖）coats,susceptibilitytodifferentantibiotics,or

otherschemesButthesetrackingtechniques"arelosingtheirrelevance

（相关性，实用性），“saysAlexanderTomasz,amicrobiologistatRockefeller

UniversityinNewYorkCity.Withtheincreaseindrugresistance,a

varietyofresistantmicrobescannowwearthesamecoatorberesistant

tothesamedrugs,makingitharderandhardertokeeptabsonindividual

strains（菌株）.

Epidemiologists,therefore,areincreasinglyturningtomore

precisemoleculartypingtechniques,suchasDNAfingerprinting,to

distinguishresistantstrains.

DNAtypingtoolsare,ofcourse,notnew.Indeed,someDNA-based

methods,suchascomparingplasmids（质体）（smallringsofDNAoutsidethe

chromosomes〈染色体〉）,havebeenusedbyepidemiologiststotrack

infectionssincethe1970s.butsinceplasmidDNAistransferredeasily

andoftenbetweendifferentstrains,thattechniquetoohasits

limitations.

5

Morerecenttechniquesuserestrictionenzymestocutapart

entirebacterialchromosomesintostrain-specificfragmentpatterns,

Anothermethodusesspecificradiolabeled（放射标汇的）DNAprobes,ina

techniqueknownasSouthernhybridization（杂交），totestforthepresence

ofaparticulardrug-resistancegeneinabacterialstrain."Suchtools

giveepidemiologists,unprecedentedresolvingpowerforidentifying

reservoirsandtransitionroutesofgenesandpathogens,“saysTomasz.

Thathashelpedresearcherstrackanumberofdrug-resistantclonesas

theytravelvastdistances.

Suchtrackingmethodsalso〃helpuslearnaboutthemechanism

ofresistance,“saysCDC（疾病控制和预防中心）epidemiologistRobert

Breiman.Resistancegrows,heexplains,eitherasoneresistantorganism

spreadsfromonelocationtothenext—asintheBrazilianMRSA（耐甲氧

苯青素金黄色葡萄球菌）一orasdifferentstrainsandevenspeciesof

microbessharethegenesresponsiblefordrugresistance,asaseriesof

studiesofvancomycin（万古霉素）resistancerecentlydemonstrated.

Thatknowledgealsohelpspublichealthofficialscombatthe

spread.Ifresistancespreads^horizontally，asamicrobeincreasesits

range,Breimansaysit'simportanttofocuspreventioneffortson

minimizingperson-to-personspreadinhospitalsandday-carecenters.If,

however,resistancegenesarejumpingbetweenorganisms,thatsuggests

thatoverlyaggressiveantibiotictreatmentisencouragingnonresistant

bugstoacquirenewgenes.〃Insuchcases,thefocusneedstobeon

controllinganti-microbialuse,“saysBreiman.Thehoped-forresult:

fewerinfectionstotrack.

第16题：

Aspirinisoneoftheworld'soldestpainremedies.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：c

该句句意为“阿司匹林是全世界最古老的止痛药之一。”但本文并没有提到这一

点。

第17题:

Antibioticresistancemakespathogensneithermoredifficulttotreatnor

hardertotrack.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：B

6

见第一段第一句，“Antibioticresistancedoesn，tjustmakepathogens

difficulttotreat…”抗生素的耐药性不仅使得对付病原体困难，而且使得对

病原体的追踪更为艰巨。

第18题：

AccordingtoAlexanderTomasz,thetraditionaltrackingtechniquesare

turningouttobeefficient.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：B

见第一段“Butthesetrackingtechniquesarelosingtheirrelevance,“

saysAlexanderTomasz.亚历山大•托马滋说：“这些追踪技术正在失去它们

的实用性。

第19题：

Theexpertsofepidemiologyaretryingmoreprecisemoleculartrying

techniquessoastodistinguishresistantstrains.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：A

见第二段uEpidemiologists,therefore,areincreasinglyturningtomore

precisemoleculartypingtechniques…”因此,流行病学家越来越多地转向

于应于更为精确的分子分型技术，如DNA指印术，以区别不同的耐药菌株。

第20题：

Usingspecificradio-labeledDNAprobesprovidesepidemiologists

unprecedentedresolvingpowerforidentifyingreservoirandtransition

routesofgenesandpathogens.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：A

见第四段，"AnothermethodusesspecificradiolabeledDNAprobes…”新

近的技术，应用限制酶把细菌的整个染色体切成一个个菌株特异性片断模型。另

一种方法是采用特异放射标记的DNA探针，技术上称为南部杂交术，来检测菌株

7

中是否存在一种独特的耐药基因。托马滋说：“这种工具给了流行病学家们鉴定

基因和病源体的贮存和变迁途径前所未有的分辨能力。”这大大地帮助了研究人

员能够追踪许多远距离传播的耐药性克隆。

第21题:

Itisofvitalimportancetoconcentratepreventioneffortsonminimizing

person-to-personspread.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：A

见最后一段，^Breimansaysit，simportanttofocuspreventionefforton

minimizingperson-to-personspredinhospitalsandday-carecenters.”

布里曼说，如果耐药性象微生物的范围扩展一样呈“水平方式”，那么很重要的

是把重点放在努力预防上，将医院和日护理中心人与人之间的扩散尽量减少到最

低限度。

第22题：

Thisenzymemanufacturesprostaglandins,substancesthatcausepainand

inflammation.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：C

该句句意是“酶能产生前列腺素，是引起疼痛和炎症的物质。”但本文并未提到

这一点。

概括大意与完成句子阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任

务：（1）1〜4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2〜5段每段选择1个

正确的小标题；（2）第5〜8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确

的选项，分别完成每个句子。

1.AIDSisthefinal,life-threateningstageofinfection

withhumanimmuno-deficiencyvirus（HIV）.AIDSstandsforacquired

immuno-deficiencysyndrome.ThenamereferstothefactthatHIVseverely

damagesthepatient，sdisease-fightingimmunesystem.CasesofAIDSwere

firstidentifiedin1981intheUnitedStates,butresearchershavetraced

casestoasearlyas1969.MillionsofAIDScaseshavebeendiagnosed

worldwide.

2.AIDSiscausedbytwovirusesthatbelongtoagroupcalled

8

retroviruses.ThefirstAIDSviruswasisolatedbyresearchersinFrance

in1983andresearchersintheUnitedStatesin1984.Thisvirusbecame

knownasHIV-1,in1985,scientistsinFranceidentifiedanotherclosely

relatedvirusthatalsoproducesAIDS.Thisvirus,namedHIV-2,occurs

mainlyinAfricA.HIV-1occursthroughouttheworld.

3.PeopleinfectedwithHIVeventuallydevelopsymptoms

thatalsomaybecausedbyother,lessseriousconditions.WithHIV

infection,however,thesesymptomsareprolongedandoftenmoresevere.

Theyincludeenlargedlymphglands,tiredness,fever,lossofappetite

andweight,diarrhea,yeastinfectionsofthemouthandvagina,andnight

sweats.

4.AnHIV-infectedpersonmaydevelopAIDSfrom2to15or

moreyearsafterbecominginfected.InchildrenbornwithHIVinfection,

thisintervalisusuallyshorter.Afewpeoplewhohavebeeninfectedwith

HIVformorethan15yearshavenotdevelopedanysymptomsorsufferonly

minorsymptoms.Aninfectedpersoncantransmitthevirustoanother

personwhetherornotsymptomsarepresent.InfectionwithHIVappears

tobelifelonginallwhobecomeinfected.

5.ResearchershaveidentifiedthreewaysinwhichHIVis

transmitted:sexualintercourse,directcontactwithinfectedblood,and

transmissionfromaninfectedwomantoherfetusorbaby.Themostcommon

wayofbecominginfectedisthroughintimatesexualcontactwithan

HIV-infectedperson.IntheUnitedStates,sexualtransmissionofHIVhas

occurredmainlyamonghomosexualmen,butitisbecomingmorefrequent

amongheterosexualmenandwomen.

6.Peoplewhoinjectdrugsintotheirbodiescanbeexposed

toinfectedbloodbysharinghypodermicneedles,syringes,orequipment

usedtopreparedrugsforinjection.Health-careworkerscanbecome

infectedwithHIVbycomingintodirectcontactwithinfectedblood.

Thismayoccurthroughinjurywithaneedleorothersharpinstrumentused

intreatinganHIV-infectedpatient.Afewpatientshavebecomeinfected

whilereceivingtreatmentfromanHIV-infecteddentist.

7.AninfectedpregnantwomancantransmittheAIDSvirus

toherfetusevenifshehasnosymptoms.Transmissionmayalsooccurfrom

anHIV-infectedmothertoherbabythroughbreast-feeding.

8.StudiesindicatethatHIVisnottransmittedthroughair,

food,orwater,orbyinsects.NoknowncasesofAIDShaveresultedfrom

sharingeatingutensils,bathrooms,lockerrooms,livingspace,or

classrooms.

第23―26题

A.AIDSvirusesfallundertwocategoriesthatbothbelongtoagroup

calledretrovirusesB.AnHIV-infectedpersonmaynotalwaysdevelop

AIDS

C.Familymembersshouldnotshareeatingutensilswithan

9

HIV-infectedperson

D.ThesymptomsthatHIV-infectedpeopledevelopmaybesimilarto

butmoreseverethanthosecausedbyotherconditions

E.OfthethreewaysofHIVtransmissionindentifiedbyresearchers,

themostcommonisthroughintimatesexualcontactwithanHIV-infected

person

F.AnHIV-infectedpersonwillalwayssufferseveresymptoms

第27―30题

A.directcontactwithinfectedblood

B.from2to15ormoreyearsafterbecominginfected

C.withoutsymptoms

D.acquiredimmuno-deficiencysyndrome

E.liveinthesameroomwithanHIV-infectedroommate

第23题:

Paragraph2______.

参考答案：

A

详细解答：

第二段段意为“艾滋病是由两种属于逆转录酶病毒的病毒引发的。”

第24题：

Paragraph3.

参考答案：

D

详细解答：

第三段段意为“感染HIV的患者最终会出现一些有可能由其它较轻微条件引

起的症状。

第25题:

Paragraph4.

参考答案：

B

详细解答：

第四段段意为“HIV感染者是在受感染后2年或15年或更长的时间才发展为

艾滋病，并不是立即发作的，但对所有感染者来说HIV感染都是终身的。

第26题:

Paragraph5______.

10

参考答案:

E

详细解答：

第五段段意为“研究人员已经确认了三种HIV的传播途径：性交，直接接受

感染的血液以及由受感染的妇女传给她的胎儿或婴儿，最普遍常见的方式是通过

与HIV感染者进行亲密的性接触。

第27题:

breast-feedingThetermAIDSisanacrtonymwhichrepresents.

参考答案：

D

详细解答：

见第一段"AIDSstandsforacquiredimmuno-deficiencysyndrome."AIDS

是获得性免疫缺陷综合症的缩写。

第28题：

PeoplewithHIVinfectionusuallydevelopAIDS______.

参考答案:

B

详细解答：

见第四段，"AnHIV-infectedpersonmaydevelopAIDSfrom2to15or

moreyearsafterbecominginfected.wHIV感染者将正在受到感染后2到15

年，或更长的时间内发展为艾滋病。

第29题：

HIVistransmittedinthreeways:sexualintercourse,transmissionfrom

aninfectedwomantoherfetusorbabyand.

参考答案:

A

详细解答：

见第五段，“ResearchershaveidentifiedthreewaysinwhichHIVis

transmitted：sexualintercourse,directcontactwithinfectedblood,and

transmissionfromaninfectedwomanotherfetusorbaby.”

第30题：

AnHIV-infectedmothermaytransmittheAIDSvirustoherfetus

11

through.

参考答案：

F

详细解答：

见第七段^TransmissionmayalsooccurfromanHIV-infectedmotherto

herbabythroughbreast-feeding.n

阅读理解下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面

有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文内容回答其后面的问题，从

4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

弟扁

Ihadbeenworkinginthetraumaunitatalocalhospitalfor

aboutayear.Yougetusedtofamiliesthinkingthata〃coma〃patientis

movingtheirhandordoingsomethingthattheywereaskedtodo./zFollowing

commands"iswhatwecallit.Oftenit's"wishfulthinking"onthe

families，part.Nursescaneasilybecomecalloustoit.

Onthisparticularnightduringvisitinghours,mypatient's

wifecamein.Ihadtakencareofhimforseveramnights.Iwasvery

familiarwithhiscareandwhathewasabletodo.Actually,hedidn，t

doanything.Hebarelymovedatall,evenwhensomethingwouldobviously

hurthim,suchassuctioning.

Hiswifewasveryshort,about5feettall.Shehadtostand

onastooltoleanoverhim,sothatshecouldseehisfaceandtalkto

him.Sheclimbeduponthestool.Ispoketoherforafewminutes,and

thensteppedouttotendtomyotherpatient.Afewminuteslater,she

camerunningoutoftheroom.Inanexcitedvoice,shesaid,“Donna,he's

movinghishand!z，

Iimmediatelythoughtthatitwasprobablyherimagination,

andthathehadnotactuallydoneitonpurpose.Hehadbeenthereabout

amonthatthetimeandhadnevermadeanymovementsonpurpose.Iasked

herwhathadhappenedandshesaid,〃Iaskedhimtosqueezemyhandand

hedid!〃

Thisledmetoanothertrainofquestioning."But,didhelet

gowhenyouaskedhimto?〃Shesaidyes,thathehaddoneexactlywhat

sheasked.

Iwentintotheroomwithher,notreallybelievingthatIwould

seeanythingdifferentthanIhadalwaysseen.ButIdecidedthatitwould

bebettertopacifyherthantomakeherthinkIdidn，tbelieveheror

thatshewassomehowmistaken.

Sheaskedhimtosqueezeherhand,whichhedid.Isaid,“Well,

askhimtoletgo.〃Hecontinuedtosqueezeforamoment,sothatwhen

12

hefinallydidletgo,Ireallystilldidn，tbelievethathehaddoneit

onPurpose.So,Isaid,〃Askhimtoholduponefinger.Hedidasasked.

Well,hmm,thiswasstartingtogetmyattention.Ilookedat

him,hisfacestillsomewhatswollenandhiseyesstillclosed."Stick

outyourtongue!/zIsaid.Hedidit.Ialmostfellonthefloor.Itwas

thefirsttimeIhadeverseenanyone"wakeup.〃

第31题：

Thefirstparagraphindicatesthatmoreoftenthannotacomapatient

A.isfoundtobefollowingcommands

B.isthoughttobefollowingcommands

C.isusedtofollowingcommands

D.iscalloustonurses'commands

参考答案：B

由第一段可知，昏迷病人的家属会一厢情愿地认为病人能理解他的指令，其实并

非如此。

第32题：

Whatwastheconditionofthepatientbeforethatparticularnight?

A.Hetalkedonlywithhiswife.

B.Hebarelymovedatall.

C.Hemovedonlywhenhurt.

D.Hewastoolazytodoanythingatall.

参考答案：B

第二段写到，文中的“我”对病人进行了几天的看护，对他的情况十分熟悉，还

说："Actually,hedidn'tdoanything"（其实他什么都没做），就是说，几

乎不动。

第33题：

Howdidtheauthorfeeluponfirsthearingwhattheexcitedwifesaid?

A.Shewasamused.

B.Shewasdoubtful.

C.Shewasscared.

D.Shewasshocked.

参考答案：B

第四段开头，“我”在听说了病人家属的陈述后，“立刻想到这可能是她的想象”。

可见态度是怀疑的。

13

第34题：

Whatdidthepatientdoonthatparticularnight?

A.Hesqueezedandletgohiswife'shand.

B.Hehelduponeofhisfingers.

C.Hestuckouthistongue.

D.Alloftheabove.

参考答案：D

由末两段可知，病人在“我”的面前握了妻子的手，然后放开，还举起手指，并

且伸出了舌头，几个动作全都做到了。

第35题:

Theauthor“almostfellonthefloor"because.

A.shecouldhardlybelievehereyes.

B.shehadbeenworkingtoohard.

C.shehadbeendeceived.

D.shehadbeentripped.

参考答案：A

从前文得知，作者是不相信昏迷的病人能理解命令的应的，但眼前这位病人的确

能对命令做出响应，可想而知，他的态度是惊讶的，A最合适。

Weallageatdifferentrates.Heredityclearlyplaysan

importantpart.Butrecentresearchstudiesbygerontologistsindicate

thatlife-stylemaybeequallysignificantindeterminingwhowillremain

youthful.

Asarule,singlemenandwomenhaveshorterlivesthanmarried

menandwomen.Studiesshowthatthosewhohavebeenwidowed,especially

men,havealongerlifeexpectancyiftheyremarrysoon.Bothmenandwomen

seemtohaveagreaterresistancetodiseaseanddeathwhentheirmarriage

isundamaged.Accordingtoa1960study,womenwhohavebornethree

childrenhavethelowestmortalityrates.Thosewhohavebornefouror

morehavethehighest.Childlesswomenandthosewithonlyonechild

generallydon，tliveaslongasmotheroftwoorthree,accordingto

UniversityofChicagosociologistsEvenlyM.KitagawaandPhilipM.

Hauser.

It'simpossibletosayhowmuchsleepisideal.Somepeople

thriveonfivehoursanight,othersseemtorequireeightornine.

Scientistsagreethatconsistencyinsleepingpatternismoresignificant;

it'sbettertogetsixhours，sleepeverynightthantenhoursonenight

andthreethenext.

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Whileit'struethatveryfewpeoplewhoenjoyalonglifeare

fat,thisdoesnotmeanthateverypoundyougainisgoingtoshortenyour

life.Infact,anongoingstudyinFramingham,Mass.,hasshowedthat

duringatleast30yearsofmiddlelife,leannesswasahigherfactorfor

mortalitythanfatness!Whatisknownisthatweightextremesineither

directionaredefinitelyunhealthy.Weighing20percentmoreorlessthan

youshouldweighcan,incertaincases,bealifeshortener.

Thebenefitsofregularexerciseareindisputable.Menengaged

inenergeticandpersistentphysicallaborhavefewerheartattacks.But

manyresearchersbelievethatexerciseneednotbeverystrongtokeep

youinshape.Thefirstprincipleofanylife-extensionprogram,then,

istoenjoyeverymomentofthelifeyouhave—whetheritlastsonemore

yearorahundred.AsthephilosopherJeanJacquesRousseauputit:"Teach

himtoliveratherthantoavoiddeath.Lifeisnotbreathbutaction,

theuseofoursenses,mind,faculties,everypartofourselveswhichmakes

usconsciousofourbeing.〃

第36题:

Whichofthefollowingisnotbeneficialtothelengtheningoflife?

A.Youshouldkeepagoodsleephabit.

B.Youshoulddophysicalexerciseonaregularbasis,

C.Youshouldtryandremainneithertooleannortoofat.

D.Youshouldtakepartinaguidedlife-extensionprogram.

参考答案:D

文中a••,thatlife-stylemaybeequallysignificantindeterminingwhowill

remainyouthful”句中表示生活方式对一个人的寿命有很大关系。A、B、C三

项都可以认为是良好的“lifestyle"，而D项既没根据，也不合逻辑，所以“not

beneficialv。

第37题：

Whichofthefollowingisclosesttothemeaningofthephilosopher

Rousseau'swords?

A.Enjoyinglifeisoneofthebestwaystolengthenit.

B.Teachingotherstoliveanactivelife.

C.Avoidingdeathismoreimportantthanliving.

D.Weshoulduseoursenseskeenly.

参考答案：A

罗素告诫人们要去真正地生活而不只是避免死亡，"……用我们的感觉、思想、

才能，我们身上的每一个部分使我们意识到自己的存在”，与A项的“享受人生

是延长生命的最好办法”内含是一致的。B、D项不错，但只是A项的其中一个

具体内容。C项立论错误。

15

第38题:

Whatarethemainfactorsthatdeterminedifferentratesofaging?

A.Optimisticwaysoflife.

B.Afamilywiththreechildren.

C.Aregularsleeppattern.

D.Heredityandlife-style.

参考答案：D

文中“Weallageatdifferentrates.Heredityclearlyplaysanimportant

part,••,life-stylemaybeequallysignificant…”说明了决定生命进程的

两个因素：遗传与生活方式。

第39题:

Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thewidowedseemtohavealongerlifeexpectancy.

B.Thosewholeadanormalmarriagelifelivelongerthanthosewho

donot.

C.Singlepeopleliveashortlifebecausetheyarelonely.

D.Mothersoffourchildrenlivealongerlifethanchildlesswomen.

参考答案：B

第40题：

TheauthorofthearticlequotesRousseau，swordsto.

A.giveanexampleofahappylife

B.illustratehowpreciouslifeis

C.supporthisownviewpoint

D.makehisarticlesoundmoreimportant

参考答案：c

作者引述罗素的话是为了支持作者自己的观点“toenjoyeverymomentofthe

lifeyouhave”,与罗素的话”…Lifeisnotbreathbutaction…”表达的

含义是相似的。

第三篇

Withoutregularsuppliesofsomehormonesourcapacityto

behavewouldbeseriouslyimpaired;withoutotherswewouldsoondie.Tiny

amountsofsomehormonescanmodifyourmoodsandouraction,our

inclinationtoeatordrink,ouraggressivenessorsubmissiveness,and

16

ourreproductiveandparentalbehavior.Andhormonesdomorethan

influenceadultbehavior;earlyinlifetheyhelptodeterminethe

developmentofbodilyformandmayevendetermineanindividual's

behavioralcapacities.Laterinlifethechangingoutputsofsome

endocrineglandsandthebody'schangingsensitivitytosomehormonesare

essentialaspectsofthephenomenaofaging.

Communicationwithinthebodyandtheconsequentintegration

ofbehaviorwereconsideredtheexclusiveprovinceofthenervoussystem

uptothebeginningofthepresentcentury.Theemergenceofendocrinology

asaseparatedisciplinecanprobablebetracedtotheexperimentsof

BaylissandStarlingonthehormonesecretion.Thissubstanceissecreted

fromcellsintheintestinalwallswhenfoodentersthestomach;ittravels

throughthebloodstreamandstimulatesthepancreastoliberate

pancreaticjuice,whichaidsindigestion.Byshowingthatspecialcells

secretechemicalagentsthatareconveyedbythebloodstreamandregulate

distanttargetorgansortissues,BaylissandStarlingdemonstratedthat

chemicalintegrationcanoccurwithoutparticipationofthenervous

system.

Theterm"hormone"wasfirs