内蒙古通辽市科左后旗甘旗卡第二高级中学2024-2025学年高二英语下学期开学考试试题

PAGE5内蒙古通辽市科左后旗甘旗卡其次高级中学2024-2025学年高二英语下学期开学考试试题试卷总分：120分（折后150分）考试时间：100分钟留意事项：1.答题时，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2.答选择题时,必需运用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。3.答非选择题时,必需运用黑色墨水笔或黑色签字笔,将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。4.全部题目必需在答题卡上作答,在试题卷上答题无效。5.考试结束后,只将答题卡交回。其次部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEastbourneFestivalWithsuchstrongsupportfromthegeneralpublic,thefestivalissurelyagreateventforpeopleofallages.Thisfreefamilyweekendeventbringstogetherpeoplefromallovertheglobemixingculture,foodandmusicinagreatsettingatHampdenPark.Time:Sat.24-Mon.26Aug.EastbourneInternationalAirshowTheworld'sbiggestfreeseafrontairshowreturnsinAugustwith4daysofperfectflying.Theeventalsoincludeschildren'sentertainmentareas,eveningconcerts,helicopterrides.Afireworksshowmarkstheendoftheevent.Grounddisplaysopen10:00am-6:00pmdaily,withflyingfromlunchtimeuntilabout5pm.Time:Thur.15-Sun.18Aug.ACelebrationofLandandSeaSovereignHarbourYachtClubattheWaterfrontis,onceagain,pleasedtobeabletopresenttheirthirdannualCelebrationofLandandSeaevent.Theeventisfreeforallvisitorswithplentyofon-sitefreeparking,andnolivemusicperformanceswillneedtobecanceledduetothesummerweather.Thisyearyou'llbeluckytoenjoythefireworksdisplayduringthecelebration.ACelebrationofLandandSeastartson23rdAugustandrunsuntilMonday26thAugust.Theeventopensat10:00amdaily.Pleaseseewebsiteformoreinformation.PunchandJudyReturningforhis26thyearEastboume'sPunchandJudy,RaySparkswillbeprovidinghisfreePunchandJudyshowsontheWishTowerSlopeseveryTuesdayandThursdaythroughouttheschoolholidaysattheusualtimeof12:30and2:00pm.1．Whicheventendsupwithafireworksshow?A．PunchandJudy. B．EastbourneFestival.C．ACelebrationofLandandSea. D．EastbourneInternationalAirshow.2．Whenwill"ACelebrationofLandandSea"begin?A．OnMonday. B．OnFriday. C．OnSaturday. D．OnSunday.3．Whatdothefoureventshaveincommon?A．They'reopentothepublicforfree.B．They'responsoredbythepublic.C．Theyarerelatedtotraditions.D．Theyareinternationalaffairs.BDoyouloveholidaysbuthatetheincreaseweightthatfollows?Youarenotalone.Holidaysarehappydayswithpleasureanddeliciousfoods.Manypeople,however,areworriedabouttheweightthatcomesalongwiththesedeliciousfoods.Withproperplanning,though,itispossibletocontrolyourweight.Theideaistoenjoytheholidaysbutnottoeattoomuch.Youdon'thavetoturnawayfromthefoodsthatyouenjoy.Thefollowingsuggestionsmaybeofsomehelptoyou.Donotmissmeals.Beforeyonleavehomeforafeast,haveasmall,low-fatsnack.Thismayhelptokeepyoufromgettingtooexcitedbeforedeliciousfoods.Beginwithclearsoupandfruitorvegetables.Alargeglassofwaterbeforeyoueatmayhelpyoufeelfull.Useasmallplate;alargeplatewillencourageyoutohavemorethanenough.Betternothavehigh-fatfoods.Dishesthatlookoilyorcreamyhavemuchfatinthem.Chooseleanmeat(瘦肉).Fillyourplatewithsaladandgreenvegetables.Ifyouhaveasweettooth,trymints(薄荷)andfruits.Theydon’thavefatcontentascreamandchocolate.Don’tletexercisetakeabreakduringtheholidays.A20-minutewalkafteramealcanhelpburnoffexcess(过多的)calories.4．Holidaysarehappydayswithpleasurebuttheymay________.A．bringyoumuchtroubleinyourlife B．makeyouworriedaboutyourfoodsC．bringweightproblems D．makeyouhatedeliciousfoods5．Inordertoreallyenjoyyourholidayswithoutputtingonweight,you'dbetter_____.A．drinkmuchwaterandhavevegetablesonly B．turnawayfromdeliciousfoodsC．notacceptinvitationstofeasts D．noteatthefoodinhighfat6．Accordingtothepassage,____isanecessaryparttostopyoufromputtingonweight.A．vegetables B．waterC．caloriesofenergy D．physicalexercise7．Manypeoplecan'thelpputtingonweightaftertheholidaysbecausethey_______.A．can'tcontrolthemselvesB．gototoomanyfeastsC．enjoydeliciousfoodsD．can'thelpturningawayfromthefoodsCIfyouhaveevertriedanewsportortriedlearningamusicalinstrument,youmaywellknowthatthehardestpartisgettingstarted.Onceyouhavelearnedtheskills,theyreturnfairlyeasily,eveniftheyarenotusedforlongperiodsoftime.Mostexpertsputthisdownto"musclememory,"whichmeansthebrainrememberstheactionandcanrememberitwhenneeded.Thereisanotherthingthatmaybeasimportantinrecallingformerlylearnedsportskills—themistakesmadewhilelearningthetask.ThestudyledbyRezaShadmehrincludedaskingvolunteerstoplayasimplevideogame:hittingaredtargetdotwithaslightlysmallerbluedot,similartoplayingvirtualdarts.Whatthegamersdidnotknowwasthatassoonastheymasteredthegame,theresearchersmovedthebluedotslightlyoff-course,soforcingthemtorestartthelearningprocess.Thoughthevolunteersdidmakemistakeseverytimethegamewaschanged,theygotfasteratmasteringit.Rezabelievesthatthishastodowiththefactthatinadditiontoperformingthetasktomusclememory,thebrainisalsocorrectingeachwrongmoveandlearninghowtocorrectit.Hecomparesittohavingacoachthatpointsoutthemistakesandmakessuggestionsonhowtoimprove.Whatsurprisedthescientistsisthatmakingmistakesnotonlytrainsthebraintodobetteratacertaintask,butalsohelpsitlearnfasterfrommistakes,evenwhenthemistakesaremadewhilelearninganentirelydifferenttask.Thebrainkeepsageneralrecordofmistakesanddrawsonthemwheneveranewsportskillisbeinglearned,tomakesurethatmistakesarenotmadeagain.Thishelpsmakeleaningmuchfasterandprobablyexplainswhypeople,whomasteronesportormusicalinstrument,areabletopickupothersmoreeasily.Makingmistakesisagoodthing.Sothenexttimeyouarepracticingplayingthepiano,workingonyourtennisskill,orlearninganyothersportskill,don'tgetdiscouragedbythemistakes!8．Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout_________.A．howRezacarriedouttheexperiment B．whenthegamerslearnedagamewellC．whatgamesthevolunteerswereinterestedin D．whytheresearcherslikedtoplayvirtualgames9．WhatsurprisedRezamostabouttheresults?A．MistakesmakepeoplelearnfasterB．MistakesadddifficultytolearningC．MistakeswillberepeatedinlearningD．Mistakesspeeduptheactionsinbrain10．Fromtheresearch,weknow___________.A．learningisacourseofpracticeB．thebraincanpointoutmostmistakesC．mistakestrainthebraintodotasksbetter D．mistakeswillmakepeoplediscouraged11．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．MistakeshelpachievesuccessB．MistakesshouldbecorrectedintimeC．Musclememorymakesyousucceed D．MusclememoryshowspastexperienceDAtonepointinJunelastyear,ZengJiapengwasmorethan10,000yuanindebttoasmartphoneapp.The23-year-oldShanghaicitizenpaysforhisonlinepurchasesoffood,clothes,andtravelwithHuabei,avirtualcreditcardthat'spartofAlibabaGroupHoldingLtd.’sspreadingstableofe-commerce.Hisspendingoftenusedtogobeyondhisonlysourceofincome:the8,000-yuanmonthlyallowancefromhisparents.Hetriedtorepaythedebtininstallments(分期),evenborrowingfromJiebei,anotherAlibaba-ownedcreditservice,buteventuallyhismotherandfatherhadtohelphimout.Zeng’sstoryistypicalofmembersofChina’GenerationZ.Theseyoungconsumers,bornfromthemid-1990stotheearly2000s,havelittleincomeandthereforeactuallynocredithistory.Yettheyhaveeasyaccesstocreditfromavarietyofbanks,financial-techcompanies,andpeer-to-peer(P2P)Lenders(网络借贷平台),plusotherchannelsthatareunregulated.Thespendinghabitsoftheyounginparticulararecausingconcern.Insomecasestheyoungergenerationisbeingtemptedtooverconsumeviacreditsecuredthroughtechnology.Unsecuredconsumerlendinghasexpanded20%ayearinChinasince2008.TheamountofconsumerfinanceavailablethroughtheInternetwillmorethandouble,to19trillionyuan,by2024,from7.8trillionyuanlastyear.Officialdatashowedthatalmost70%ofChina’s50millionP2Pborrowerswereyoungerthan40.AsforZeng,he’stryingtobealittlemorefrugal,eventhoughheisnowtryingtoearnalittlebyhimself.“Ideliberatelysetthecreditlimitatalowerlevel,”hesays,“sothathopefullyIcanbettermatchmyincomewithspending.”Regulators(监管部门)lastyearlaunchedabreakdownonpeer-to-peerlending,which,besidesbeingasourceofeasycredit,hadalsobecomeapopularinvestmentvehicle.Thesectorhasshrunktolessthanhalfitspeaksizeasaresultofforcedshutdowns.12．WhatcanwelearnaboutZengJiapengfromthefirstparagraph?A．Hewasindebtbecauseheboughtsmartphoneapp.B．HelikespurchasinggoodsontheappHuabeiofAlibabaGroup.C．Healwaysspentmorethanheearnedfromhissalaryinthepast.D．Hedependedonhisparentstosupporthimtorepayhisdebt.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“frugal”inParagraph3probablymean?A．ImpracticalB．HardworkingC．AvoidingwasteD．Relyingonothers14．whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesChina’sonlineconsumerfinance?A．HopelessB．UnreasonableC．ControlledD．sensible15．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A．Overconsumption—ABadHabitB．China’sGenerationZ—HookedOnCreditC．ChineseYouthIntheE—commerceAgeD．ZengJinpeng’sFinancialCrisi其次节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverhadsomeonetellyou,“Ifyoueatbeforebed,you'regoingtogetfat”16．Butiseatinglateatnight,specificallyafter8p.m.,reallygoingtomakeyougainweight?Onetheoryisthatyourmetabolism(新陈代谢)slowsdownwhenyou'reasleep.Withaslowermetabolism,fewercaloriesarebeingburned.Thusthecaloriesyoueatrightbeforebedwouldnotbebumpedoffasmuchastheywouldbewhileyou'reawake.Althoughthescienceseemsprettysound,recentstudieshaveshownthatmetabolismchangesverylittlewhileyouareasleep.Theheartisstillbeating,lungsarestillworking,andthebrainisstillveryactive.17．Sowhileweareasleep,wearestillburningcalories.18．Carbohydrates(碳水化合物)areoneofyourbody'smainsourcesofenergy.Whentheygounused,theyarestoredprimarilyasfat.However,thetimeofdaythatcarbohydratesareconsumeddoesnotplayaroleastohowmuchofitisstoredasfat.Actually,weightgainisbasedontheamountofcaloriesbeingconsumedoverallandtheamountofcaloriesusedoverall.19．Ithaslittletodowiththetimewhenyoueat.SohowcomeindividualshavehigherBMIswhentheysnack'atnight?Althoughthereisarelationbetweenthetwo,itissimplyaresultofeatingtoomanycalories!Snacksthatindividualstendtoeatduringthenightareusuallyhighinsugarandcalories,suchasicecream,candy,potatochips,andsoftdrinks.Thetimethesesnacksareconsumeddoesnotmatter.20．.A．Alloftheseactionstakeenergy.B．Thatistosay,youwillnotgetfatifyoueatbeforebed.C．Anyoneeatinganytimeafterthemorningwillbecomefat.D．Foodconsumedlateatnightwillmorelikelybestoredaway.E.Withouteverquestioningit,peoplequicklyassumethistobetrue.F.Simplyspeaking,ifyoueatmorecaloriesthanyouburn,youwillgainweight.G.There'sanothertheoryabouteatingspecificallycarbohydratesbeforebed.第三部分语言学问运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whentwosistersfoundthemselveshavingdifficultyfindingawaytogettotheiraunt’s100thbirthdayparty,theywerefortunately21byastrangerinaveryunexpectedway.Lastweekend,sistersKerryMaggardandDebEggers22toflyfromMinneapolistoSiouxFallstogototheparty,buttheirflightwascanceled23badweather.TheysoonfoundthatallotherflightstoSouthDakotawere24,andtherewerenotaxisavailable,25theyhadnowaytomakethe200-milejourneythemselves.Feelingliketheyhadnoother26,Kerrymadealast-ditch(孤注一掷的)attempttogettothepartybycallingUber,andtheirridewas27byamannamedJesusFlorentino.“Iwasshockedthatsomeonepickeditup.Itwaskindofalastresort(最终一招)to28ifanyonewouldconsiderit,”Kerryrecalled.“ItwaspickedupatonceandofcourseIgotthe29onthephonewhichsaid‘Jesusis7minutesaway,’whichwasquitea30.”KerrycalledJesustomakesurethathewas31tomakethe400-mileround32,andmuchtohersurprise,hesaidhewasgameforit!Jesus33togetthesisterstotheiraunt’shouseintimeforher6pmparty,andhequicklyturnedbackaroundtomakethefour-hourtripbacktoMinneapolis.Kerrysaidafterwardthatshe34Jesus$50forthe$216trip,whichisa(n)35pricetopayforthequalitytimethatshegottospendwithheraunt.AsforJesus,hewasjust36thatthewomengottobetherefortheiraunt."Ifeltthattheyneededto37thebirthdaypartyandIenjoy38,soitworkedoutwell,”Jesussaid.“It'sa(n)39occasion,andifIwasintheirplaceIwould40verymuchsomeonebringingmetherewhentherewasnootherway.”21．A．affected B．interviewed C．helped D．followed22．A．planned B．continued C．happened D．refused23．A．dueto B．asfor C．accordingto D．apartfrom24．A．recorded B．offered C．organized D．booked25．A．showing B．meaning C．predicting D．reporting26．A．information B．questions C．reason D．choices27．A．pickedup B．lookedinto C．putdown D．heldup28．A．imagine B．see C．recommend D．prove29．A．invitation B．number C．direction D．message30．A．mess. B．challenge C．shock D．struggle31．A．willing. B．afraid C．quick D．careful32．A．race B．trip C．corner D．flight33．A．learned B．managed C．pretended D．failed34．A．borrowed B．saved C．gave D．returned35．A．fair B．fixed C．average D．full36．A．grateful B．surprised C．confident D．happy37．A．remember B．attend C．expect D．change38．A．walking B．talking C．driving D．staying39．A．informal B．similar C．rare D．important40．A．miss B．consider C．appreciate D．regret其次节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Scienceexperimentscanhelpyoutounderstandthereasonbehindanythingandeverything.Aswegrowup,wegettoknowmanythingswhichwewouldbe41．(astonish)toseeaskids.42．(make)akidunderstandthedifferencebetweenmagicandreality,youneedtoshowhimthesciencebehindit.Youwillnotfaceanydifficultyindoingsoastheyarealwayseagertoknowaboutit.Itisabasichumanabilitytorememberthingswhichhe43．(watch)anddoesbyhimself.Hence(因此)practicalexercisesareveryimportantforchildrenintheirdailylife.Fewthingsyoushouldkeepinmindwhile44．(select)theexperimentsforkids.The45．(much)importantthingistotakeasimpleconcept.Iftheconceptistoodifficult,46．willbedifficultforchildrentofinishthatexperiment.Soyoushouldselectsimpleexperimentswhicharerightfortheirage.Theotherthingisthatyouneedtochoose47．experimentswhicharenotpoisonousandwitheasy48．(equip)andthatcanbehandled49．(easy)byyourkids.Child'ssafetyshouldbeyourpriority(优先考虑的事情).Iamgoingtogiveyousomescienceexperiments50．willhelpyoutomakethesesmallkidsunderstandsimplefactswithcompletesafetyinmynextarticle.第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。留意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Lastweek,Iwenttoapaintingexhibition.Uponenterthegallery,Iputontheearphoneswhichwouldgivemeinformationsofallthepaintings.Suddenly,Inoticedthattheelderlywomanwhodidn’tknowhowtousetheearphonesstoodanxiouslyinfrontofapainting.Irushedtoherwithhesitationbuthelpedherputontheearphones.Thewomanthanksmeformykindness.Irealizedthatwasreachingouttoothersthatcouldreallybringagreatmomentofhappiness,whichwasbenefittomesomuch.ThatdaywhenIappreciatedlotsofbreathtakingpaintings.What’smore,Ilearnedavaluablelessonfromthegratefulsmilegivingbytheelderlywoman.其次节书面表达(满分25分)冬季是传染病高发季节，假如你是学生会主席，请以“保持健康，远离病毒”为主题，向全校同学写一封倡议书，内容包括：1.简述倡议的目的；2.提出防范的措施（留意个人防护，均衡饮食，适当熬炼等）；3.倡议共同行动；留意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细微环节,以使行文连贯.相关词汇：传染病:infectiousdisease口罩:mask;病毒：virusDearStudents,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheStudentUnion本卷由系统自动生成，请细致校对后运用，答案仅供参考。答案第答案第=page1010页，总=sectionpages1010页2024-2025学年度四所联盟校上学期期末考试高二年段英语学科试卷参考答案1．D2．B3．A【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个活动的状况，介绍了包括活动特色以刚好间等信息。1．细微环节理解题。依据EastbourneInternationalAirshow部分中“Afireworksshowmarkstheendoftheevent.(烟花表演标记着活动的结束)”可知，EastbourneInternationalAirshow活动以烟火表演结束。故选D。2．细微环节理解题。依据ACelebrationofLandandSea部分中“ACelebrationofLandandSeastartson23rdAugustandrunsuntilMonday26thAugust.(ACelebrationofLandandSea从8月23日起先，始终持续到8月26日，星期一)”可知，8月26日是周一，那么8月23日是周五，即ACelebrationofLandandSea活动在周五起先。故选B。3．细微环节理解题。依据EastbourneFestival部分中“Thisfreefamilyweekendevent(这个免费的家庭周末活动)”；EastbourneInternationalAirshow部分中“Theworld'sbiggestfreeseafrontairshowreturnsinAugustwith4daysofperfectflying.(世界上最大的免费海滨航空展将于8月回来，为期4天的完备飞行)”；ACelebrationofLandandSea部分中“Theeventisfreeforallvisitors(该活动对全部参观者免费开放)”；PunchandJudy部分中“RaySparkswillbeprovidinghisfreePunchandJudyshowsontheWishTowerSlopeseveryTuesdayandThursday(RaySparks每周二和周四将在WishTowerSlopes上供应他的免费PunchandJudy表演)”可知，这四个活动共同点是它们免费向公众开放。故选A。4．C5．D6．D7．A【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章对如何在假期限制体重提出了建议。【详解】1.细微环节理解题。依据“Manypeople,however,areworriedabouttheweightthatcomesalongwiththesedeliciousfoods.”可知，然而，许多人都担忧假期期间吃了太多美味的食物带来的体重问题，假期是欢乐的日子但是它们会给人们带来体重问题。故选C。2.细微环节理解题。依据“Betternothavehigh-fatfoods.”可知，最好不吃高脂肪食物。为了不增重，最好不要吃高脂肪食物，故选D。3.细微环节理解题。依据“Don’tletexercisetakeabreakduringtheholidays.”可知，不要让熬炼在度假期间停止，假期中肯定要熬炼身体，故选D。4.推理推断题。依据“Withproperplanning,though,itispossibletocontrolyourweight.”可知，然而，遵循恰当的支配可以限制体重，所以要限制体重就要限制自己，故选A。8．A9．A10．C11．A【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家的一项探讨表明，错误能够使人学习得更快，文章还介绍了这项探讨开展的过程，以及科学家发觉犯错可以帮助大脑从错误中更快地学习，也就是说犯错误其实是一件好事。8．主旨大意题。依据其次段内容“ThestudyledbyRezaShadmehrincludedaskingvolunteerstoplayasimplevideogame:hittingaredtargetdotwithaslightlysmallerbluedot,similartoplayingvirtualdarts.Whatthegamersdidnotknowwasthatassoonastheymasteredthegame,theresearchersmovedthebluedotslightlyoff-course,soforcingthemtorestartthelearningprocess.Thoughthevolunteersdidmakemistakeseverytimethegamewaschanged,theygotfasteratmasteringit.(RezaShadmehr领导的探讨包括让志愿者玩一个简洁的电子嬉戏：用一个略微小一点的蓝点击打一个红色目标点，类似于玩虚拟飞镖。玩家们不知道的是，一旦他们驾驭了嬉戏，探讨人员就会将蓝点稍稍偏离轨道，从而迫使他们重新起先学习过程。尽管志愿者们在每次变更嬉戏时都会犯错误，但他们驾驭嬉戏的速度更快了)”可知，其次段主要是关于Reza是如何进行试验的。故选A。9．细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“Thoughthevolunteersdidmakemistakeseverytimethegamewaschanged,theygotfasteratmasteringit.(尽管志愿者们在每次变更嬉戏时都会犯错误，但他们驾驭嬉戏的速度更快了)”以及倒数其次段中“Whatsurprisedthescientistsisthatmakingmistakesnotonlytrainsthebraintodobetteratacertaintask,butalsohelpsitlearnfasterfrommistakes,evenwhenthemistakesaremadewhilelearninganentirelydifferenttask.(让科学家惊异的是，犯错不仅能训练大脑在某项任务上做得更好，还能帮助大脑从错误中更快地学习，即使是在学习一个完全不同的任务时犯的错误)”可知，结果中最让Reza惊异的是错误使人们学习得更快。故选A。10．细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段“Whatsurprisedthescientistsisthatmakingmistakesnotonlytrainsthebraintodobetteratacertaintask,butalsohelpsitlearnfasterfrommistakes,evenwhenthemistakesaremadewhilelearninganentirelydifferenttask.Thebrainkeepsageneralrecordofmistakesanddrawsonthemwheneveranewsportskillisbeinglearned,tomakesurethatmistakesarenotmadeagain.Thishelpsmakeleaningmuchfasterandprobablyexplainswhypeople,whomasteronesportormusicalinstrument,areabletopickupothersmoreeasily.(让科学家惊异的是，犯错不仅能训练大脑在某项任务上做得更好，还能帮助大脑从错误中更快地学习，即使是在学习一个完全不同的任务时犯的错误。大脑保存错误的一般记录，每当学习一项新的运动技能时，大脑就会利用这些错误，以确保不再犯错误。这有助于更快地学习，也可能说明白为什么精通一项运动或乐器的人能够更简洁地学会其他运动或乐器)”故从探讨中我们知道，错误能训练大脑更好地完成任务。故选C。11．主旨大意题。依据倒数其次段中“Thebrainkeepsageneralrecordofmistakesanddrawsonthemwheneveranewsportskillisbeinglearned,tomakesurethatmistakesarenotmadeagain.Thishelpsmakeleaningmuchfasterandprobablyexplainswhypeople,whomasteronesportormusicalinstrument,areabletopickupothersmoreeasily.(大脑保存错误的一般记录，每当学习一项新的运动技能时，大脑就会利用这些错误，以确保不再犯错误。这有助于更快地学习，也可能说明白为什么精通一项运动或乐器的人能够更简洁地学会其他运动或乐器)”结合文章介绍了科学家的一项探讨表明，错误能够使人学习得更快，文章还介绍了这项探讨开展的过程，以及科学家发觉犯错可以帮助大脑从错误中更快地学习，也就是说犯错误其实是一件好事。可知，这篇文章的中心思想是错误使人们能学得更快，有助于取得胜利。故选A。12．D13．C14．B15．B【分析】这是一篇及夹叙夹议文章。文章以ZengJiapeng在手机应用程序上欠债1万多元，要靠父母帮他还债为例，引出了当今年轻人沉迷于信贷的现象，并分析了其缘由和严峻性。12．推理推断题。依据第一段“Hetriedtorepaythedebtininstallments(分期),evenborrowingfromJiebei,anotherAlibaba-ownedcreditservice,buteventuallyhismotherandfatherhadtohelphimout.”(他试图用分期付款的方式偿还债务，甚至从阿里巴巴旗下的另一家信用服务公司借呗借款，但最终他的父母不得不帮助他)可推知ZengJiapeng要依靠他父母来资助他还债。故选D项13．词句揣测题。依据第一段可知，ZengJiapeng在手机应用程序上欠债1万多元,最终还要靠父母帮他还债。再依据第三段“AsforZeng,he’stryingtobealittlemorefrugal,eventhoughheisnowtryingtoearnalittlebyhimself.“Ideliberatelysetthecreditlimitatalowerlevel,”hesays,“sothathopefullyIcanbettermatchmyincomewithspending.””（至于Zeng，他正在努力变得更加frugal一些，尽管他现在正试图靠自己挣一点钱。“我有意将信用额度设置在较低的水平，”他表示，“这样希望我能更好地将收入与支出相匹配。”）可知，他目前因为有欠款，尽管他现在正努力自己挣点钱，他还还正努力少花钱。frugal应当是“花钱少的，节俭的”，与Avoidingwaste同义。故选C项。14．推理推断题。依据其次段中“Theseyoungconsumers,bornfromthemid-1990stotheearly2000s,havelittleincomeandthereforeactuallynocredithistory.Yettheyhaveeasyaccesstocreditfromavarietyofbanks,financial-techcompanies,andpeer-to-peer(P2P)Lenders(网络借贷平台),plusotherchannelsthatareunregulated.Thespendinghabitsoftheyounginparticulararecausingconcern.Insomecasestheyoungergenerationisbeingtemptedtooverconsumeviacreditsecuredthroughtechnology.”（这些诞生于上世纪90年头中期至本世纪初的年轻消费者收入很少，因此事实上没有信用记录。然而，它们很简洁从各种银行、金融技术公司、P2P贷款机构以及其他不受监管的渠道获得信贷。年轻人的消费习惯尤其令人担忧。在某些状况下，年轻一代正受到通过技术担保信贷过度消费的诱惑。）可知，中国网络消费金融是不合理的。故选B项。15．主旨大意题。文章开头列举了ZengJiapeng在手机应用程序上欠债1万多元,要靠父母帮他还债的例子。其次段“Zeng’sstoryistypicalofmembersofChina’GenerationZ.Theseyoungconsumers,bornfromthemid-1990stotheearly2000s,havelittleincomeandthereforeactuallynocredithistory.Yettheyhaveeasyaccesstocreditfromavarietyofbanks,financial-techcompanies,andpeer-to-peer(P2P)Lenders(网络借贷平台),plusotherchannelsthatareunregulated.”（Zeng的故事是中国Z这一代的典型代表。这些诞生于上世纪90年头中期至本世纪初的年轻消费者收入很少，因此事实上没有信用记录。然而，它们很简洁从各种银行、金融技术公司、P2P贷款机构以及其他不受监管的渠道获得信贷。）引出了当今年轻人沉迷于信的现象。同时指出“Thespendinghabitsoftheyounginparticulararecausingconcern.”（年轻人的消费习惯尤其令人担忧。），并用数字说明白其严峻性。最终两段说明白ZengJiapeng的变更和应对此现象的措施。B项“中国的Z一代沉迷于信贷”概括了本文内容，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。16．E17．A18．G19．F20．B【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就深夜吃东西会不会发胖进行探究。最终结果表明，假如你摄入的卡路里比你燃烧的多，你就会发胖。这和你吃饭的时间没有多大关系。16．依据上文Haveyoueverhadsomeonetellyou,“Ifyoueatbeforebed,you'regoingtogetfat”（你有没有听过别人告知你，“假如你睡前吃东西，你会发胖”）以及下文中Butiseatinglateatnight,specificallyafter8p.m.,reallygoingtomakeyougainweight?（但是深夜进食，特殊是晚上8点以后，真的会让你发胖吗？）故E项（Withouteverquestioningit,peoplequicklyassumethistobetrue）没有人质疑过，人们很快就会认为这是真的。E项中的it指代上文的睡前吃会发胖。故E项承上启下，符合题意。故选E。17．依据上文Theheartisstillbeating,lungsarestillworking,andthebrainisstillveryactive.（心脏还在跳动，肺还在工作，大脑还很活跃）以及下文Sowhileweareasleep,wearestillburningcalories.（所以当我们睡着的时候，我们仍旧在燃烧卡路里。）故A项（Alloftheseactionstakeenergy.）全部这些行动都须要能量。A项中的these指代上文中的“Theheartisstillbeating,lungsarestillworking,andthebrainisstillveryactive”，故A项承上启下，符合题意。故选A。18．依据其次段中第一种理论是Onetheoryisthatyourmetabolism(新陈代谢)slowsdownwhenyou'reasleep.当你睡着的时候，你的新陈代谢会减慢。此处讲的是其次种理论，即Carbohydrates(碳水化合物)areoneofyourbody'smainsourcesofenergy.Whentheygounused,theyarestoredprimarilyasfat.However,thetimeofdaythatcarbohydratesareconsumeddoesnotplayaroleastohowmuchofitisstoredasfat.碳水化合物是你身体的主要能量来源之一。当它们闲置时，它们主要以脂肪的形式储存。然而，一天中碳水化合物被消耗的时间并不能确定有多少碳水化合物被储存为脂肪。故G项（There'sanothertheoryabouteatingspecificallycarbohydratesbeforebed）关于睡前吃碳水化合物还有另一种理论。符合题意。故选G。19．依据上文中Actually,weightgainisbasedontheamountofcaloriesbeingconsumedoverallandtheamountofcaloriesusedoverall.事实上，体重增加是基于摄入的卡路里总量和的卡路里总量。故F项（Simplyspeaking,ifyoueatmorecaloriesthanyouburn,youwillgainweight）简洁地说，假如你摄入的卡路里比你燃烧的多，你就会发胖。是对上文的简洁说明。故F项符合题意。故选F。20．依据上文中Snacksthatindividualstendtoeatduringthenightareusuallyhighinsugarandcalories,suchasicecream,candy,potatochips,andsoftdrinks.Thetimethesesnacksareconsumeddoesnotmatter.人们在夜间吃的零食通常含糖量和卡路里都很高，比如冰淇淋、糖果、薯片和软饮料。这些零食的消费时间并不重要。故B项（Thatistosay,youwillnotgetfatifyoueatbeforebed.）也就是说，假如你睡前吃东西，你不会发胖。B项是对上文的总结，符合题意。故选B。21．C22．A23．A24．D25．B26．D27．A28．B29．D30．C31．A32．B33．B34．C35．A36．D37．B38．C39．D40．C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了两姐妹在很难找到方法去参与她们的姑姑的100岁生日聚会时，她们很幸运地得到了一个优步的生疏人司机的帮助，刚好出席了生日聚会。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当两个姐妹发觉自己很难找到方法去参与她们的姑姑的100岁生日聚会时，幸运的是，她们得到了一个生疏人以一种特别意想不到的方式的帮助。A.affected影响；B.interviewed面试，采访；C.helped帮助；D.followed跟随。依据byastrangerinaveryunexpectedway.可知她们得到了一个生疏人以一种特别意想不到的方式的帮助。故选C。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：上周末，KerryMaggard和DebEggers两姐妹支配从明尼阿波利斯飞往苏福尔斯参与派对，但由于天气恶劣，航班取消了。A.planned支配；B.continued接着；C.happened发生；D.refused拒绝。依据flyfromMinneapolistoSiouxFallstogototheparty可知此处表示原支配。故选A。23．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：上周末，KerryMaggard和DebEggers两姐妹支配从明尼阿波利斯飞往苏福尔斯参与派对，但由于天气恶劣，航班取消了。A.dueto由于；B.asfor关于，至于；C.accordingto依据，取决于；D.apartfrom除…之外。依据badweather可知此处表示由于天气恶劣，航班取消了。故选A。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们很快发觉，全部飞往南达科他州的其他航班都已被预订，而且没有出租车可用，这意味着她们无法自己完成200英里的行程。A.recorded记录；B.offered供应；C.organized组织；D.booked预订。依据下文theyhadnowaytomakethe200-milejourneythemselves可知此处表示其他航班已被预订。故选D。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们很快发觉，全部飞往南达科他州的其他航班都已被预订，而且没有出租车可用，这意味着她们无法自己完成200英里的行程。A.showing展示；B.meaning意味；C.predicting预料；D.reporting报告。依据theyhadnowaytomakethe200-milejourneythemselves.可知表示意味着她们无法自己完成200英里的行程。故选B。26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kerry觉得她们没有其他选择，于是打了优步(Uber)，做了最终的努力去参与聚会，一个名叫JesusFlorentino的人接了她们的车。A.information信息；B.