中外文学作品精读与鉴赏 课件 英文 Chapter 1 The New Years Sacrifice

TheNewYear’sSacrificeLuXunContents主要内容123WordTestQuestionsforunderstandingIntroductiontotheAuthor4Thediversityofsentences5UnittaskPartOneTestforWordsWordTest1.TheUShashardlydoneanythingpracticaltoactivelycombatthecoronavirus.Instead,Washingtonhaspinnedallitshopesonthevaccinationinthecountry,whichis__________launched.(hurriedly)2.SuchascenarionotonlyisunsurprisingbutalsoshowsthatmanyWesterncountriesarefrustratedand_______________duetothedeclineoftheirinternationalcompetitiveness.(extremelyannoyed)3.Itisurgenttoovercometheshortcomingsinruralareas,and____________handlesporadiccasesandclusterinfectionstoavoidthevirusfromspreading.(immediately)hastilyIexasperatedpromptly

4.Iguesseveryone__________overthingsonceinawhile.(thinkmoodilyoranxiouslyaboutsomething)5.HerrelationshipwithMarkhasbecome_________.(lackingfreshness,boring)6.IntheplaybookofWesternanti-Chinapoliticians,thestoryofthispublichealthcrisisshouldbe-ChinesepeoplestrugglinginthequagmireofCOVID-19,whiletheWestplaystheroleofthesavior,andeveryonebecomes________believersoftheWesternsystem,valuesandideology.(deeplyreligious)7.Heevenearnedhisopponents'__________respect.(givenordoneunwillingly,reluctant)

broodsstaledevoutgrudging8.TheUShasharmedthebasisofhumanrightsoversurvivalanddevelopmentwhile_________talkingaboutpeople'spoliticalrights.(inawaythatisnotdetailedorexact,mistily)9.Japaneseshouldtakefurthermeasuresto__________itsactionsandapologizetothecomfortwomenwhowereforcedintoprostitutionandsexuallyabusedatJapanesemilitarybrothelsbeforeandduringWorldWarII.(makeamendsfor)10.I

was

_________________

to

find

that

everyoneelsealready

knew

it.

(anxious,confused,orembarrassed)vaguelyatonefordisconcertedPartTwoQuestionsforunderstandingQuestionsforunderstandingWhydidn’tmyauntallowHsiangLin'sWifetosetoutthewinecupsandchopsticks?WhathappenedtothesonofHsiangLin'sWife,AhMao?WhydidsomeoldwomengospeciallytolookforHsiangLin'sWife?HowdidpeoplefeelafterHsiangLin'sWifetoldhersadstoryoverandoveragain?II.Questionsforunderstanding5.WhydidLiuMaonlywashthesacrificialdishes?6.WhydidLiuMasaytheKingofHellwouldcutHsiangLin'sWifeintwo?7.WhatdidHsiangLin'sWifedoaftersheaftertheconversationbetweenherandLiuMa?8.WhathappenedtoHsiangLin'sWifeaftershewasstillforbiddentotouchthesacrificialutensils?II.PartThreeIntroductiontotheAuthorIntroductiontotheAuthorIII.Famous

litterateur,oneofthemostinfluentialChinesewritersofthe20thcentury.Thinker.Anotedtranslator.founderofChinesemodernliterature,modernbaihua(白话),orvernacularliterature.ImportantparticipantofMay4thNewCultureMovement.LuXun-

ZhouShuren.

(1881-1936)ThelifeofLuXunIn1902,hewenttoJapantostudyabroad.

HewasadoctorinSendaiMedicalCollege.Helaterworkedinliteratureandart,hopingtochangethenationalspirit.HereturnedtoChinain1909andtaughtinHangzhouandShaoxingsuccessively.

InAugust1926,hewentsouthtoXiamenUniversitytobethechairmanoftheChineseDepartment.

InJanuary1927,hewenttoGuangzhouandservedasDeanoffacultyatZhongshanUniversity.HediedoftuberculosisonOctober19,1936.FeaturesofLuXun’sWorksHisessays,whicharefullofmodernity,freedom,criticism

and

combat,arethemostfrequentlyused"criticalweapons"bylaterwriters.HeharshlycriticizesthesocialproblemsinChina,particularlyinhisanalysisofthe"Chinesenationalcharacter."Hehasoftenbeenconsideredtohavehadleftist

leanings.WorksofLuxun:collectionofnovelsWorksofLuxun:collectionofessaysTranslationPartFourThediversityofsentences①主语＋不及物动词（S+Vi）e.g.Thingschange.②主语＋系动词＋表(S+LV+predicative)e.g.Sheisakindgirl.e.g.Itisatraditionalcustomtoeatmoon-cakesduringtheMid-AutumnFestival.③主语＋及物动词＋宾语(S+Vt+O)e.g.Anneatsjunkfoodtwiceaweek.④主语＋双宾动词+间宾+直宾(S+Vt+O.indir+O.dir)e.g.Afriendgavemeapresent.⑤主语＋宾补动词＋宾语＋宾语补语(S+Vt.+O+O.complement)e.g.Today,wecallEinsteinagenius.简单句的五种基本句型Thewomanbroughttwoglassesofbeerandtwofeltpads.Sheputthefeltpadsandthebeerglassesonthetableandlookedatthemanandthegirl.Thegirlwaslookingoffatthelineofhills.Theywerewhiteinthesunandthecountrywasbrownanddry.(HillsLikeWhiteElephants)Hemingway’sNovelsThemostimportanteventinmyuncle‘shouseholdwastheancestralsacrifice.FormerlythishadbeenthebusiesttimeforHsiangLin'sWife.Nowshehadverylittletodo.Themostimportanteventinmyuncle'shouseholdwastheancestralsacrifice,_______formerlythishadbeenthebusiesttimeforHsiangLin'sWife;_______nowshehadverylittletodo.(Para1)Coordination:addingconjunctionsandbut

Thisstorywasrathereffective.Menhearditandtheyoftenstoppedsmilingandwalkedawaydisconcerted.Thisstorywasrathereffective,_________menheardittheyoftenstoppedsmilingandwalkedawaydisconcerted（8） Subordination:linkinglinguisticunitsandwhene.g.Ourneighborhasacat.ItsnameisWillieShakespeare.ItisaSiamese.Itisextremelyintelligent.OurneighborhasanextremelyintelligentSiamesecat,namedWillieShakespeare.e.g.Themoonisnowdriftingawayfromtheearth.Itmovesawayattherateofaboutoneinchayear.Themoonisnowdriftingawayfromtheearthattherateofaboutoneinchayear.Howtoimprovethefollowingsentences?ThomasJeffersonwasbornin1743.HediedatMonticello,Virginia,onJuly4,1826.Heaccomplishedanumberofthingsduringhiseighty-fouryears.HewasknownforhisdraftoftheDeclarationofIndependence.Jeffersonwasamanofmanytalents.Hehadawideintellectualrange.Hewasapatriot,andhewasoneoftherevolutionaryfounderoftheUnitedStates.Howtoimprovethefollowingpassage?ThomasJeffersonwasbornin1743anddiedatMonticello,Virginia,onJuly4,1826.Duringhiseighty-fouryearsheaccomplishedanumberofthings.AlthoughbestknownforhisdraftoftheDeclarationofIndependence,Jeffersonwasamanofmanytalentswhohadawideintellectualrange.HewasapatriotwhowasoneoftherevolutionaryfounderoftheUnitedStates.Revisedversion:Coordination&subordinationHowdodiversifythesentences?Usecompoundpredicates;Useinversions;Usepresentparticipleasadverbialadjunct;Use“With”compositestructure;Useparenthesis.1.Compoundpredicates我一清早起来就开了门，拿小篮盛了一篮豆，叫我们的阿毛坐在门槛上剥豆去。Igotupatdawnandopenedthedoor,filledasmallbasketwithbeansandcalledourAhMaotogoandsitonthethresholdandshellthem.我就在屋后劈柴，掏米，米下了锅，要蒸豆。我叫阿毛，没有应，……Then

Ichoppedwoodatthebackofthehouseandwashedtherice,andwhenthericewasinthepanandIwantedtoboilthebeansIcalledAhMao,buttherewasnoanswer;祥林嫂似很局促了，立刻敛了笑容，旋转眼光，自去看雪花。Asifratherembarrassed,HsiangLin‘sWifeimmediatelystoppedsmiling,avertedhereyesandlookedatthesnow-flakes.（Para25）2.Inversion直到下半天，几个人寻到山坳里，看见刺柴上挂着一只他的小鞋。Onlyintheafternoon,afterlookingeverywhereelse,didtheygotolookintheglenandseeoneofhislittleshoescaughtonabramble.（Para7）早饭之后，她便到镇的西头的土地庙里去求捐门槛，庙祝起初执意不允许，直到她急得流泪，才勉强答应了。Thetemplepriestswouldnotagreeatfirst,andonlywhensheshedtearsdidtheygiveagrudgingconsent.Thepricewastwelvethousandcash.（Para29）2.Inversion快够一年，她才从四婶手里支取了历来积存的工钱，换算了十二元鹰洋，请假到镇的西头去。Onlyafternearlyayeardidshetakefrommyauntherwageswhichhadaccumulated.（Para33）直到四叔上香的时候，教她走开，她才走开。Onlywhenmyunclecametoburnincenseandtoldhertogo,didshewalkaway.（Para36）2.Inversion-Exercise山脚下有座庙。Atthefootofthemountainis/lies/standsatemple.出席会议的是来自许多城市的专家。Gonearethedayswhenphysicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.只凭体力劳动就能谋生的日子一去不复返了。Presentattheconferencearemanyteachersfromdifferentcities.3.Presentparticipleasadverbialadjunct她全不理会那些事，只是直着眼睛，和大家讲她自己日夜不忘的故事：Shedidnotmindthisintheleast,only,lookingstraightinfrontofher,shewouldtelleverybodyherstory,whichnightordaywasneveroutofhermind.（Para6）直到她（祥林嫂）说到呜咽，她们也就一齐流下那停在眼角上的眼泪，叹息一番，满足的去了，一面还纷纷的评论着。Whenhervoicetrailedawayandshestartedtocry,theyjoinedin,shedding

thetearswhichhadgatheredintheireyes.（Para8）3.Presentparticipleasadverbialadjunct她就只是反复的向人说她悲惨的故事，常常引住了三五个人来听她。Sheaskednothingbetterthantotellhersadstoryoverandoveragain,oftengatheringthreeorfourhearers.（Para9） 他们立即打断她的话，走开去了。Promptlycuttingshortherrecital,theywalkedaway.（Para11）你站在桥上看风景（断章）Youstandonthebridgewatchingthescenery.3.PresentparticipleasattributivesWe’lltakethebus(whichis)waitingbytheroadsidetogototheOceanPark.Thepicturehangsonthewall.Itwaspaintedbyafamousartist.Thepicturehangingonthewallwaspaintedbyafamousartist.Andsureenoughwhentheywentfurtherintherehewas,lyinginthewolf'slair,withallhisentrailseatenaway,hishandstilltightlyclutchingthatsmallbasket....4.“With”

compositestructure再进去；果然，他躺在草窠里，肚里的五脏已经都给吃空了，可怜他手里还紧紧的捏着那只小篮呢。with+宾语+adj.adv.nounprepositionalphrasev-ingv-edtodo主动、进行被动、完成将要发生“With”compositestructure1.