专插本《公共英语》模拟测试四附答案

专插本《公共英语》模拟测试四[复制]PartIVocabularyandStructure(35%)1.Asamatteroffact,theywouldratherleaveforBeijingthan（）inShanghai.[单选题]*A.stay(正确答案)B.stayingC.stayedD.tostay答案解析：句意：事实上，他们宁愿去北京也不愿意待在上海。该题考查的是wouldrather...than…(宁愿…也不…)结构。wouldrather和than连接的是两个并列谓语，因此，than后面的动词也用原形。A为正确答案。2.Ibrokeadishwhilewashingupthismorning.Ofcourse,Ididnot（）[单选题]*A.lovetoB.needtoC.meanto(正确答案)D.wantto答案解析：句意：今天早晨我洗碗的时候打碎了一个盘子，当然，我并不是故意的。该题的四个选项中，loveto意为“喜欢/愿意做……”；needto意为“需要做……”；meanto意为“有意做……;故意做……”；wantto意为“想要做……”。根据题干的意思，可以知道C最符合题意。3.（）isoftenthecase,onethirdoftheworkershaveover-fulfilledtheproductionplan.[单选题]*A.WhatB.ThisC.ThatD.As(正确答案)答案解析：句意：如往常一样，有三分之一的工人已经超额完成了生产计划。该题考查的是非限制性定语从句。题干全句被逗号分隔成了两个部分,后面的是一个完整的句子，中间没有连词连接，因此可以判断前面不是一个完整的句子，故this和that可以排除。what是不能用来引导非限制性定语从句的，只能选择D。as引导非限制性定语从句，在句中可以充当主语或宾语，通常放在句首或句尾。4.Wedidn’tfinishtheworkintime.You（）ussinceyouwerethere.[单选题]*A.mighthelpB.shouldhelpC.couldhavehelped(正确答案)D.musthavehelped答案解析：句意：我们没有及时完成工作，既然你在那儿，你本应该帮助我们的。该题考查的是情态动词后面跟完成式的用法。couldhavedone表示本来能做而实际没有做,有时用来提出委婉的批评或表示后悔；而musthavedone则表示对过去发生的事情进行肯定的推测，意为“一定，肯定”。因此，根据句意应该选择C。5.Mr.Jones,（）lifewasonceveryhard,isnowverysuccessfulinhisbusiness.[单选题]*A.ofhimB.hisC.whose(正确答案)D.bywhom答案解析：句意：琼斯先生曾经生活很艰难，而现在生意做得很成功。该题考查的是非限制性定语从句中的关系代词的选用。引导定语从句的关系代同有who,whom,whose,which,that等，要根据先行词在从句中充当的成分来选用适当的关系代词。whose是属格，在从句中做定语，意为“……的”。因此，根据题意，该题的正确答案產为C。6.Idecidetoleavethecompanynextmonth,whereI（）forexactlythreeyears.[单选题]*A.workB.isworkingC.willbeworkingD.willhaveworked(正确答案)答案解析：句意：我决定下个离开这家公司，届时我在这里工作就整三年了。该题的四个选项分別是四种不同的时态。根据题干中出现的常和完成时连用的for(后接—段时间状语)，以及题意中暗含的意思——到下个月才满三年，可以推断出应该用将来完成时,表示到将来某个时间为止动作的持续或存在的状态。因此，选D。7.Canyou()thedifference（）thetwophrases?[单选题]*A.tell；between(正确答案)B.speak；fromC.say;ofD.talk;between答案解析：句意：你能说出这两个短语的不同吗？本题测试动词词组的同定搭配,“tellthediffencebetween...”意为"说出两者的不间之处'因此A符合题意.8.SinceDickwasbusy,herarelyhadtimetogotothecinema;（）[单选题]*A.JanedidtooB.Janedidn’taswellC.sodidJaneD.nordidJane(正确答案)答案解析：句意：迪克很忙，听以很少有时间看电影；简也一样。该题考查的是倒装结构.题横残前面的句子有副词rarely,表示否定的概念,横线上要填的部分表示和前面提到的情况相同，因此要用代词nor引导倒装结构。如果前面所说的情况是肯定的，并同样适用于另外的人，就应用so引导的倒装句。根据题意，该题的正确答案为D9.TheMayDayHoliday（）over,wemustnowgetdowntowork.[单选题]*A.beB.being(正确答案)C.tohavebeenD.tobe答案解析：句意：五一假期结束了，我们现在必须开始认真工作了。该题考查的是分词短语和它的逻辑主语构成的独立主格结构。如果分间和逻辑主语是主动关系，就用现在分词；如果是被动关系，则用过去分词。题干中的holiday和beover就是主动关系，因此用现在分词形式being,选择B项。10.Ihaven’tmethim（）thelastcommitteemeeting.[单选题]*A.forB.since(正确答案)C.atD.before答案解析：句意：自上次委员会会议以来，我一直没见过他。完成时中常使用since或for引4时间状语。since引导的时间状语(从句)表不“自从.以来；从…起…一直……”；而for引导的时间状语多指一段时间。at后面接时间点；before意为“在……之前”，均不符合题意。11Notuntilquiterecently（）anyideaofwhataguidedrocketislike.[单选题]*A.didIhave(正确答案)B.doIhaveC.shouldIhaveD.wouldIhave答案解析：句意：直到最近我才了解了一些关于引导火箭的情况。本题考查notuntil...(直到…才..)置于句首引起句子的部分倒装。根据句中的时间副词recently(最近，近来，时间点)，可以判断动词应该用过去时，因此选择A。注意recently和完成时连用时表不时间的长度。如：Ihaven’tbeensleepingwellrecently.12.（）breaksthelawwillbepunishedsoonerorlater.[单选题]*A.WhoB.SomeoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever(正确答案)答案解析：句意：无论淮触犯了法律，迟早都要受到惩罚。whoever在该句中是关系代词，引导一个从句做整个句子的主语，这个从句叫作主语从句。Whoever相当于Anyonewho,在从句中做主语，指“任何人，无论谁”。13.Areyougoingtofixthecaryourself,orareyougoingtohaveit（）?[单选题]*A.fixingB.tofixC.fixD.fixed(正确答案)答案解析：句意：你是打算自己修车还是请人来修？havesth.done是一个固定用法，意为“请別人做某事”，且不必指出请谁来做。sth.和do之间是被动关系。而另一固定用法havesb.do意为“让某人做某事”.sb.和do之间是主动关系。14.WemovedtoLondon（）wecouldvisitourfriendsmoreoften.[单选题]*A.evenifB.sothat(正确答案)C.incaseD.asif答案解析：句意：为了能更经常地拜访朋友，我们搬到了伦敦。该题考查sothat做目的状语从句的关联词，意为“以便，为了”，从句中常用情态动词can,could,may,might等。其他选项中，evenif意为“即使,纵然”；incase意为“如果，万一”；asif意为“好像，似乎”。根据句意，只有B项符合。15.Thegrainoutputofthisyearismuchhigherthan（）oflastyear.[单选题]*A.that(正确答案)B.suchC.whichD.what答案解析：句意：今年的谷物产量比去年高得多。该题考查的是指示代间that的用法。指示代词that和those常用来指代上文提到的事物，以避免重复。代替不可数名词和单数可数名词时用that;代替复数可数名词时用those。16.Inthefridge,（）thefruitcanremainfreshformorethanaweek.[单选题]*A.keepingB.bekeptC.kept(正确答案)D.tokeep答案解析：句意：如果放在冰箱里，这种水果能保鲜一周以上。因为句子主语是thefruit，且主语和动词keep之间是被动关系，因此，要用过去分词。Ifkeptinthefridge其实就相当于一个条件状语从句Ifkeptinlhefridge。在英语中，如果主从句的主语相同,且从句谓语为he时，可以将其主谓省略，本句即是典型的例子。17.ThenovelIboughtlastweekisworth（）,Ithink.[单选题]*A.reading(正确答案)B.beingreadC.toreadD.toberead答案解析：句意：我认为我上周买的那本小说值得一看。本题考查sth.isworth+doing的固定搭配，表示“某事/物值得……”因此选A。18.Ourjourneywasslowbecausethetrainstopped（）atdifferentvillages.[单选题]*A.unceasinglyB.graduallyC.continuouslyD.continually(正确答案)答案解析：句意：我们的旅行速度比较慢，因为火车在不同的小村庄不断地停车。副词词义辨析题。该题主要要求对C、D两项做出辨析。两词都作“连续不断地”解。但continually隐含中间有停顿，continuously则相中间无停顿的连续，所以D项符合句意。19.Thepriceofbeer（）from50centsto$4perliterduringthesummerseason.[单选题]*A.alteredB.ranged(正确答案)C.separatedD.differed答案解析：句意：夏季每升啤酒的价格从50美分到4美元不等。动词词义辨析题。四个选项的意思分别为：alter:更改，改变；range:在.范围内，分布；separate:分开，隔离；differ:有区別，发生分歧。别外，rangefrom...to...也可记为固定搭配，意为“(在……和……范围内)变动”。20.Hisremarksleftme（）abouthisrealpurpose.[单选题]*A.wonderedB.wonderC.towonderD.wondering(正确答案)答案解析：句意：他的话让我怀疑他的真实意图。非谓语动问题。题中的left后面需用动词的-ing形式，做宾语补足语。故选D。21.Weshallappreciatefrom（）yousoon.[单选题]*A.beingheardB.tohearC.havingbeenheardD.hearing(正确答案)答案解析：句意：若能尽快收到您的信，我们将不胜感激a动名词的固定用法题。appreciate(感激,感谢)这一词后的动词只能用其动名词形式，且应该是一般式。hearfromsomebody意为“收到某人的倍”。22.Hardly（）tothebusstopwhenthebussuddenlypulledaway.[单选题]*A.didtheygetB.theyhadgotC.theygotD.hadtheygot(正确答案)答案解析：句意：他们刚赶到公共汽车站，车就开走了。倒装语序题。在hardly...when(“刚……就……，一……就……”)句式中，hardly放在句首时，句子需要倒装，此句要求用过去完成时。23.Fireworks,（）originatedcenturiesagoinChina,werebroughttoEuropebyMarcoPolo.[单选题]*A.which(正确答案)B.WhatC.thatD.it答案解析：句意：发源于几个世纪前的中国的烟花被马可波罗带到了欧洲。定语从句题。关系代词that可以修饰人或物，但是一般不用在非限制性定语从句中；which一般只能修饰事物，也可以修饰前面的一整句话，可以用于非限制性定语从句中C。24.Pleasejoinus.Wecaneasilymake（）.foronemoreatthistable.[单选题]*A.seatB.placeC.room(正确答案)D.space答案解析：句意：请加入我们吧。我们可以在这张桌上很容易地腾出不止一个人的位置。本题考查同义词辨折。“seal”意为“座位”，是可数名词，有单复数之分，指一个座位时前面需加不定冠词“a”。“place”作“座位，位置”讲时，也是可数名同，用法同“seat"。“space”意为“空间、空地”，无“位置”之意。而“room"当“空间、位置”讲时，是不可数名词，没有单复数之分。因此依据题意，应选C。25.Don’tcometoday.Iwouldratheryou（）tomorrow.[单选题]*A.comeB.came(正确答案)C.tocomeD.coming答案解析：句意：今天别来。我宁愿你明天来。虚拟语气题。wouldrather句型中表示对将来情況的虚拟时，从句谓语动词应用过去式。26.IthinkClassOne（）towinbecauseClassOne,allfootballlovers.[单选题]*A.islikely；are(正确答案)B.arelikely；areC.islikely；isD.arelikely；is答案解析：句意：我想一班可能会赢，因为一班全部都是足球爱好者。主谓一致题。belikelyto意为“很可能”。第一个classone表示的是一个集体概念，指“一班”这一整体，故谓语动词应用单数;第二个classone表示的是集体中的每一个个体，指的是一班中的学生们，谓语动词要用复数，故选A。27.Asaresultofcarelesswashing,thejacket（）toachild’ssize.[单选题]*A.compressedB.shrank(正确答案)C.droppedD.decreased答案解析：句意：由于淸洗时不认真，这件夹克衫缩小到了一个孩子衣服的尺寸。词义辨析题。compress:紧压，压缩;shrink:收缩，缩小；drop:下降；decrease:减少。表示衣服缩水时只能用shrink。28.（）wasnotourconcern.[单选题]*A.NomatterhemightpasstheexaminationB.HoweverhemightpasstheexaminationC.Whetherhepassedtheexaminationornot(正确答案)D.Thathepassedtheexamination答案解析：句意:我们并不关心他是否通过了考试。名词性从句题。本题考查主语从句的用法。分析句子结构可知，空白处应为整个句子的主语,选项中只有C项和D项是正确的主语从句形式。但在引导主语从句时，whether有自己的词义，"可与ornot连用，构成whether…ornot...意为“是否”；that无词义。根据句意可知C项符合。29.Anystudent（）inchesscanapplyformembership.[单选题]*A.havingakeeninterest(正确答案)B.withakeeninterestingC.whoiskeenlyinterestingD.hasakeeninterest答案解析：句意：任何对象棋感兴趣的同学都可以申请成为会员。非谓语动词题。分析句子结构可知，此处只能用现在分词短语做“Anystudent”的定语；“对……有兴趣”的表达方法为“haveakeeninterestinsth.”，不能用interesting。故应选A.30.（），motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.[单选题]*A.HoweverlateisheB.HoweverheislateC.HoweverishelateD.Howeverlateheis(正确答案)答案解析：句意：无论他回来多晩,母亲都会等着他一起吃晚饭。状语从句题。此句是由however引导的让步状语从句，其结构为however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语，故应选D。31.Itisimperativethatyou（）hereintime.[单选题]*A.shallarriveB.mustarriveC.couldarriveD.arrive(正确答案)答案解析：句意：你必须及时赶到这儿。虚拟语气题。Itisimperativethat...(是紧急的，必需的)句型中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，其形式为“should+动词原形”，should可以省略，故应选D。32.（）apostgraduate,Iwouldatleastmastertwoforeignlanguages.[单选题]*A.WasItobecomeB.WereItobecome(正确答案)C.HadIbecomeD.Ishouldbecome答案解析：句意：如果我要成为一名研究生，我至少需要掌握两门外语。虚拟语气题。本句为虚拟语气在if条件从句中表将来情况的用法。此时if从句应用IfIweretodosth.或Iflshoulddosth.，为了强调可以用其倒装结构，且省略if。所以本句的倒装省略结构应为WereItobecome或ShouldIbecome。33.Itisthethirdtime（）tothePalaceMuseum,andIstillthinkitismarvelous.[单选题]*A.havegoneB.goC.havebeen(正确答案)D.willgo答案解析：句意：这是我第二次到故宫博物院了，我依然认为它不可思议。在histhe(first,second)thirdtimethat....结构中that从句要用现在完成时。另外本题也考查了havebeento(去过某地，常和次数连用)和havegoneto(已经去了某地，强调不在说话地点)的区別。34.Thereasonwhyhedidn’tcometoschoolwas（）ill.[单选题]*A.duetoB.thathefell(正确答案)C.becausefellD.becauseoffalling答案解析：句意：他不来学校的原因是他病了。本题考查名词性从句。主语为Thereason时，后面的表语从句应用that引导，故本题选B。35.Weshouldlearnfromthose—（）arealwaysreadytohelpothers.[单选题]*A.who(正确答案)B.whomC.theyD.that答案解析：句意：我们应该向那些随时准备帮助别人的人学习。本题考查定语从句：分析句子结构可知，此处为修饰those的定语从句的关系同，故排除C、D项。又因从句中缺少主语，故本题选A。PartⅡReadingComprehension(20%)

Directions：Inthispart，therearefourpassages,eachofwhichisfollowedbyfivequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Parage1

Topreservefood,thegrowthofbacteria(細菌）mustbecontrolled.Water,warmth,andfoodareallneededforbacteriatobecomestrongandhealthy.Somekindsofbacterianeedair,butotherkindsgrowonlywhenairisabsent.Extremesoftemperature,eitherhotorcold,cankillbacteria.

Beforeelectricice-boxeswereinvented,freezingandcoolingwerelimitedbythecoldclimate.Inwarmerregions,foodwascooledbyputtingitintheshade,incoldwaterfromthewell,orinpits(坑)intheground.

Cookingwillusuallykillbacteriaifthetemperatureishighenoughandthehightemperaturelastslongenough.Certainmethodsofcookingremovewater,andthisaidsinpreservingfood.Dryingistheoldestandmostcommonmethodofpreservingfood.Foodcanbedriedbythesun,byheatorbycombinationofthetwo.

Saltwasusedbymanyhuntingpeople.Whenpeoplebegantoeatvegetables,saltbecameaneededpartoftheirlife.Salthelpstopreservefoodbecauseitslowsorstopsbacteriatogrow.Otherchemicalsbesidessaltareusedinpreservingfood.Somepeopleopposetheuseofchemicalsinfood.Theysaythatthesechemicalsmayharmpeopleifthechemicalscanharmbacteria.36.Howcanwepreservefoodaccordingtothefirstparagraph?（）[单选题]*A.Bycontrollingthetemperature.B.Byputtingfoodinarefrigerator.C.Bycontrollingthegrowthofbacteria.(正确答案)D.Byputtingfoodinaplacewithoutair.答案解析：事实细节题。根据文章第一段首句可知，为了保存食物，必须控制细菌的生长，所以C为正确答案。37.Cookingisaneffectivewayinpreservingfoodbecause（）[单选题]*A.allcookingmethodsremovewaterB.cookingcanmakethefoodbecomedryC.thelightincookingcankillbacteriaD.cookingcankillbacteria(正确答案)答案解析：事实细节题。根据题干中的Cooking定位到第三段第一、二句。由此可知，在一定的条件下(即温度够卨、时间够长的话)，烹饪法能杀死细菌，因此是一种保存食物的有效方法。38.Themethodofsaltingfood（）.[单选题]*A.wasnotusedinthepastB.involvestheuseofchemicals(正确答案)C.isnotlikedbymostpeopleD.isnolongerusedbyhunter答案解析：根据题干中的saltingfood定位到文章末段第三、四句。由“Otherchemicalsbesidessaltareusedinpreservingfood."可知，用盐腌法保存食物时会使用一些化学物质。答案为B。39.Whyaremanypeopleagainsttheuseofchemicalstopreservefood?（）[单选题]*A.Becausechemicalsarenotnecessaryforpreservingfood.B.Becauseasmallquantityofbacteriainfoodisgoodforthebody.C.Becausethosechemicalsthatkillbacteriamaynotbegoodforpeople.(正确答案)D.Becausethereareotherbetterwaystopreservefood.答案解析：亊实细节题。根据题干中的关键同againsttheuseofchemicals定位到文章末段最后两句。由此可知，人们反对使用化学物质来保存食物的原因是thesechemicalsmayharmpeoole,C是其同义转述。40.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?（）[单选题]*A.Waysofpreservingfood.(正确答案)B.Thebacteriainourfood.C.TheimportanceofpreservingfoodD.Waysofcookingfood.答案解析：主旨大意题。主旨题如果出现在最后一题的话，考生多数情况下要从全篇来把握,把每一段的段落主旨加以综合归纳就是全文的主旨。在第一段作者介绍了保存食物的原理，从第二段起开始介绍保存食物的各种方法，如冷冻法、烹饪法、晒干法、盐腌法等，因此文章的主旨是讲述保存食物的不同方法，答案为A。Passage2

Manythingsaboutlanguageareamystery,andmanywillalwaysremainso.Butsomethingswedoknow.

First,weknowthatallmenintheworldhavealanguageofsomesort.Thereisnoraceofmenanywhereonearthsobackwardthatithasnolanguage.And,inhistoricaltimes,therehasneverbeenaraceofmenwithoutalanguage.

Second,thereisnosuchthingasaprimitivelanguage.Therearemanypeopleswhoseculturesareundeveloped,whoare,aswesay,uncivilized,butthelanguagestheyspeakarenotprimitive.Inallknownlanguageswecanseecomplexitiesthatmusthavebeentensofthousandsofyearsindeveloping.Thishasnotalwaysbeenwellunderstood；indeed,thedirectcontraryhasoftenbeenstated.PopularideasofthelanguageoftheAmericanIndianswillillustrate.ManypeoplehavesupposedthattheIndianscommunicatedinaveryprimitiveway.Studyhasprovedthistobenonsense.Thereare,orwere,hundredsofAmericanIndianlanguages,andallofthemturnouttobeverycomplicatedandveryold.Theyarecertainlydifferentfromthelanguagesthatmostofusarefamiliarwith,buttheyarenomoreprimitivethanEnglishandGreek.

Athirdthingweknowaboutlanguageisthatalllanguagesareperfectlyadequate.Thatis,eachoneisaperfectmeansofexpressingthecultureofthepeoplewhospeakthelanguage.

Finally,weknowthatlanguagechanges.Itisnaturalandnormalforlanguagetochange;theonlylanguageswhichdonotchangearethedeadones.Thisiseasytounderstandifwelookbackwardintime.Changegoesoninallaspectsoflanguage.Grammaticalfeatureschangeasdospeechsounds,andchangesinvocabularyaresometimesveryextensiveandmayoccurveryrapidly.Vocabularyistheleaststablepartofanylanguage.41.Whatcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraph?（）[单选题]*A.Somebackwardraceofmendoesn‘thavealanguageoftheirown.B.Someraceofmeninhistorydidn‘tpossessalanguageoftheirown.C.Anyhumanrace,whetherbackwardornot，hasalanguage.(正确答案)D.Someraceofmenonearthcancommunicatewithoutlanguage.答案解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，世界上所有的人都有某种形式的语言。故C为正确答案。42.Whatkindoflanguagecanpeoplesofundevelopedcultureshave?（）[单选题]*A.Complicated(正确答案)B.UncivilizeD.C.Primitive.D.Well-known.答案解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段第二、三句可知，有许多文化不发达的民族，也就是我们所说的不文明民族，他们的语言却并不简单。在所有的已知语言中，我们可以看到发展了成千上万年的复杂性。故A为正确答案。43.PeopleusedtothinkIndianscommunicated（）[单选题]*A.withcomplicatedlanguageB.inaprimitiveway(正确答案)C.withhandgesturesD.throughbodymovements答案解析：事实细节题，根据文章第三段第六句可知，过去很多人认为印第安人交流的方式很原始。故B为正确答案。44.Whatdoestheword“adequate”(Line1，Para.4)mostprobablymean（）[单选题]*A.Primitive.B.Unique.C.Sufficient.D.Proper.(正确答案)答案解析：词语理解题。根据文章第四段第二句中的Thatis(也就是说)可知，第二句具体解释了第一句内容。故由第二句内容：每种语言都是讲本语言的人表达其文化的完美工具，可推知adequate在本句意为D“合适的，恰当的”。45.Accordingtotheauthor,languagechangesaremostlikelytooccurin（）[单选题]*A.grammarB.pronunciationC.vocabulary(正确答案)D.intonation答案解析：推理判断题。根据文中最后一句可知，词汇是任何语言中最容易发生变化的部分。故C为正确答案。Passage3

TheEnglishhavethereputationofbeingverydifferentfromallothernationalities.ItisclaimedthatlivingonanislandseparatedfromtherestofEuropehasmuchtodowithit.Whateverthereasons,itmaybefairlystatedthattheEnglishmanhasdevelopedsomeattitudesandhabitsdistinguishinghimfromothernationalities.

Broadlyspeaking,theEnglishmanisaquiet,shy,andreservedpersonamongpeopleheknowswell.Beforestrangersheoftenseemsinhibited,evenembarrassed.Youhaveonlytowitnessarailwaycompartmentanymorningoreveningtoseethetruth.Serious-lookingbusinessmenandwomensitreadingtheirnewspapersordozing(打盹）inacomer,andnoonespeaks.AnEnglishwitoncesuggestedtooverseasvisitors,“Onenteringarailwaycompartmentshakehandswithallthepassengers.”Needlesstosay,hewasnotbeingserious.Thereisanunwrittenbutclearlyunderstoodcodeofbehavior,which,ifbroken,makesthepersonimmediatelytheobjectofsuspicion.

ItiswellknownthattheEnglishseldomshowopenlyextremesofenthusiasm，emotionetC.Ofcourse,Englishmanfeelsnolessthananyothernationality.Imagineamancommentingonthegreatbeautyofayounggirl.Amanofmoreemotionaltemperamentmightdescribeheras“amarvelousjewel”，whiletheEnglishmanwillflatlystate“Um,she’sallright•，’AnEnglishmanmayrecommendahighlysuccessfulandenjoyablefilmtofriendsbycommenting,“It’snotba

d.”Theoverseasvisitorsmustnotbedisappointedbythisapparentlackofinterest.Theymustrealizethat“allright”，“notbad”areveryoftenusedwiththesenseof“firstclass”，“excellent”.ThisspecialuseoflanguageisparticularlycommoninEnglish.46.OneexplanationforthedifferentcharacterofEnglishpeopleisthat（）[单选题]*A.theyaregeographicallyisolatedfromtheEuropeancontinent(正确答案)B.theyhavenothingtodowiththeotherEuropeansC.theyliketokeepquietamongtheiracquaintancesD.theytendlobereservedbynature答案解析：事实细节题。由文章第一段第二句可知，英国人与其他国家的人性格之所以不同，与他们居住在一个与其他欧洲国家隔绝的孤岛上有很大的关系，所以A正确。47.Theword“inhibited”(Line2，Para.2)inthispassageprobablymeans（）.[单选题]*A.unabletohavegoodmannersB.unabletoexpressandrelaxfreely(正确答案)C.abletoactproperlyD.abletotalkfreely答案解析：词语理解题=结合上文的“theEnglishmanisaquiet,shy,reservedpersonamongpeopleheknowswell”可知，在熟人面前，英国人都是安静、害羞、少言寡语的，由此推断，他们见到陌生人，更会感到拘束和紧张，所以B正确.48.Accordingtothepassage,onenteringarailwaycompartment,anoverseasvisitorisexpectedto（）.[单选题]*A.inquireaboutthecodeofbehaviorinthetrainB.shakehandswithallthepassengersC.shakehandswiththepersonheknowsD.behavelikeanEnglishman(正确答案)答案解析：推理判断题。结合文章第二段引述的进入车厢时应该和所有乗客握手和“Needlesstosay,hewasnotbeingserious”可知，引述部分只是一句戏言，作者真正想要表达的意思是外国人不能违背英国人那一套行为规则，所以D正确。49.TheEnglishwayofcommentingonsomethingorsomebodysuggeststhat（）.[单选题]*A.theEnglisharemodestinmostcircumstancesB.theEnglishfeelnolessthananyothernationalityC.theEnglishtendtodisplaylessemotionthantheyfeel(正确答案)D.theEnglishdon’ttakeastronginterestinmakingcomment答案解析：推理判断题。文章第三段指出，英国人很少公开表露极端的热情和情感，尽管英国人的感受并不比其他人的少，随后列举的英国人谦虚、冷漠的表达方式都表明了英国人对情感的节制。所以C正确。50.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?（）.[单选题]*A.ThedifferencesbetweentheEnglishandtheotherEuropeans.B.ThedifferentcharacteroftheEnglishmananditsreason.(正确答案)C.ThereasonsforEnglishpeople’sshyness.D.ThecodeofbehaviorofthenationalitiesinEurope.答案解析：主旨大意题。文章主要谈了英国人缄默、情感不外露的性格特征及其形成的原因，所以B正确。Passage4

Whenyouwerelookingforareliable,honestautomechanic,howdidyoufindhim?Beforeyouwentintothatrestaurantyourecentlytried,howdidyouknowthatitservedgreatfood?Ifyou’relikemosteveryoneontheplanet,youwanttoloweryourriskofabiguglysurprisesoyouaskedpeopleyoutrusttoreferyoutoabusinesstheytrust.

Weallrelyonourfriendsandassociatestorecommendgoing—ornotgoing—toaparticularbusiness.Marketerscallthisfriend-to-friendendorsement(认可)ofabusiness“word-of-mouthadvertising”.Itisthemostpowerfulformofadvertising.Itisalsothemostdifficulttocreate.

Whenyoudoagreatjobforyourcustomersorarottenjob，peoplearegoingtotalkaboutyourbusiness.Unfortunately,becausewehumansseemtofeelnegativeemotionsmoreintenselythanpositiveones，we’remoreinclinedtotellmoreofourmendsaboutbadexperienceswithabusinessthanpositiveones.Understandthis：customersbelievetheirownexperience.Youcan’tmakethembelievethatyourcompanyiswonderfulwhentheyfelttheyweretreatedbadly.

So,togetpositiveword-of-mouthgoingforyourbusiness,especiallyfromyourdemandingcustomersinthisservice-basedeconomy,you’vegottodoareallyoutstandingjob.Foreveryone,consistently.

Andwhenyoudo,youbuildagreatreputation.Thattakestime.Butitforgesabondwithyourcustomersandprospectivecustomersinawaythatnoslickadvertisingcampaign，andnopromotionalcoupon(优惠券）evercould

Thegoodnewsisthatbecausetherearesomanydifferentbusinesseschasingafteryourcustomers’money，peoplewanttoknowwhotheycantrust.Sopeoplearegoingtobetalkingaboutyou.Createafreesalesforceforyourbusiness—anarmyofdelightedcustomerwhotelleveryonetheyknowhowgoodyourcompanyistodobusinesswith.That’sagreatantidote(解毒剂）todefection.51.Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?（）.[单选题]*A.Apersonshouldrelyonhisfriendsforbusiness.B.Agoodnamewillbringyoumoney.(正确答案)C.Acompanycanmakecustomersbelievethatitswonderful.D.Acompanyshouldadvertiseeverythingtosurvive.答案解析：主旨大意题。本文的主要内容是关于口头广告的。说明了一个好的口碑对一家公司来说是多么的重要，也就是一个好名声对于公司的重要性，一般说来，对于公司，好名声会带来好的经济效益。故B正确。52.Accordingtotheauthor,whetherwe’11gotoaplaceornotdependson（）.[单选题]*A.mediaadvertisingB.departmentstoredisplaywindowC.word-of-mouthadvertising(正确答案)D.thebusinessfame答案解析：推理判断题。由题干关键词goto定位至第二段第一句“Weallrelyonourfriendsandassociatestorecommendgoing—ornotgoing—toaparticularbusiness.(我们信赖我们的朋友和同事来推荐去还是不去一家特定的商店)”。接下来第二句"Marketerscallthislriend-to-friendendorsementofabusiness‘word-of-mouthadvertising’(市场营销人员把这种行为叫作‘口头广告’)”，也就是“word-of-mouthadvertising”，即C所给答案是作者所认为的去不去一个地方的依据。A.媒体广告、B.商店橱窗广告、D.商业名声，这些都不是。53.Whyarewemorelikelytotellmoreofourfriendsaboutunsatisfiedexperienceswithabusinessthansatisfiedones?（）[单选题]*A.Becausewearen’tinclinedtohaveanegativefeeling.B.Becauseweoftenfeelnegativeemotionsmoreintensely.(正确答案)C.Becauseweseemtofeelmoreintensely.D.Becauseweoftenhearpeopleexpresstheirnegativeemotions.答案解析：事实细节题.由题干关键词experienceswithabusiness定位至第三段第二句“Unfortunately,becausewehumansseemtofeelnegativeemotionsmoreintenselythanpositiveones...badexperienceswithabusinessthanpositiveones.”可知，我们更倾向于诉说不好的经历是因为我们对消极的情感感受更强烈，B最接近此意.A.我们不易产生消极的情感,这与文章中所表达的我们对消极的情感感受更强烈相矛盾；C.我们好像感觉很强烈，没有说对什么感觉很强烈；D.我们经常听到人们表达他们消极的情感，这一点文章中并未提及，只是说人们易产生消极的情感。54.Accordingtotheauthor,whenyoudoareallyoutstandingjobinservice,youwill（）.[单选题]*A.buildabadreputationB.breakthebondwithyourcustomerC.getapositiveword-of-mouthadvertisingforyourbusiness(正确答案)D.earnbigmoney答案解析：推理判断题。由题干关键词outstandingjob定位至第四段“So,togetpositiveword-of-mouthgoingloryourbusiness,especiallyfromvourdemandingcustomersinthisservice-basedeconomy,you’vegottodoareallyoutstandingjob.”可知，为你的生意获得好的口头评价,特别是在服务为基础的经济社会里，从高要求的顾客那里获得这种好的口头评价，你必须要做出突出的工作。由此可推断C为正确答案。A“建立—个坏名声”和B“破坏和顾客的关系”与文章内容相反；D“赚大钱”文中并未提及。55.What’sthemeaningoftheword“defection”(Lastline,Para.6)?（）.[单选题]*A.Customers’betrayal.(正确答案)B.Servicedefects.C.Customers‘protection.D.Serviceadvertising.答案解析：词语理解题。从上文中我们可以感觉到这篇文章讨论的内容是有关如何留住顾客的问题,这一句中有个词是antidote,有“解毒剂和矫正方法”之意，所以可以判断defection应该与“留住顾客”意思相反。从这四个选项中来看，只有A表示“顾客离去”的意思,所以选A。B“服务缺陷”、C“顾客的保护”、D“服务广告”，这些都与文章中的上下文意思不相符。PartⅢCloze(10%)

Directions：Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblanktherearefourchoices.

ChoosethebestanswerandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

Childrenmodelthemselveslargelyontheirparents.Theydosomainlythroughidentification.Childrenidentify56aparentwhentheybelievetheyhavethequalitiesandfeelingsthatare57ofthatparent.Thethingsparentsdoandsayandthe58theydoandsaytothem,thereforestronglyinfluenceachild’s59However,parentsmustconsistentlybehavelikethetypeof60theywanttheirchildtobecome.

Aparent’sactions61affecttheself-imagethatachildforms62identification.Childrenwhoseemainlypositivequalitiesintheir63willlikelylearntoseethemselvesinapositiveway.Childrenwhoobservechiefly64qualitiesintheirparentswillhavedifficulty65positivequalitiesinthemselves.Childrenmay66theirself-image,however,astheybecomeincreasingly67bypeersgroups,standardsbeforetheygrowup.

Isolatedevents,68dramaticones,donotnecessarilyhaveapermanent69onachild’sbehavior.Childreninterpretsucheventsaccordingtotheirestablishedattitudesandprevioustraining.Childrenwhoknowtheyarelovedcan,for70，acceptthedivorceoftheirparents，oraparent,searly71Butifchildrenfeelunloved,theymayinterpretsuchevents72asignofrejectionorpunishment.

Inthesameway,allchildrenarenotinfluenced73bytoysandgames,readingmatter,andtelevisionprograms.74inthecaseofadramaticchangeinfamilyrelations,theeffectofanactivityorexperiencedependsonhowthechild75it.56.（）[单选题]*A.toB.with(正确答案)C.aroundD.for答案解析：惯用搭配题。identifywith意为“认同”。57.（）[单选题]*A.informedB.characteristic(正确答案)C.conceivedD.indicative答案解析：句意：当他们认为自己拥有属于父母特有的品质和情感时……。词义辨析题。inform意为“通知”，characteristic意为“特点，特性”，conceive(vt.)意为“想象”，indicative意为“指示的，预示的”，characteristicofsb.意为“某人的特征”，故选B。58.（）[单选题]*A.gestureB.ExpressionC.way(正确答案)D.extent答案解析：词义辨析题。gesture意为“姿态，手势”，expression意为“表情”，way意为“方式”，extent意为“范国”，只有way符合句意，即父母的言行方式，故选C。59.（）[单选题]*A.behavior(正确答案)B.wordsC.moodD.reactions答案解析：词义辨析题。空格所在句意为“父母的言行举止，以及他们的言行方式对孩子的影响很大”，结合四个选项behavior“行为”，words“语言”，mood“心情”和reactions“反应"，可知A正确。60.（）[单选题]*A.person(正确答案)B.humanC.creatureD.adult答案解析：词义辨析题。person意为“人”，human意为“人类'creature意为“生物”，adult意为“成年人”，结合句意可知，A正确。61.（）[单选题]*A.tooB.neverthelessC.also(正确答案)D.however答案解析：词义辨析题。上文谈到父母的言行对孩子的行为影响很大