Manual for Water Systems and Pipe Work水系统和水管工作手册 31

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ManualforWaterSystemsandPipeWork水系统和水管工作手册3

7.1.PLASTICPIPES-HDPEpipesName:HDPEisashortsignforHighDensityPolyethy-lene.Density:0.9kg/dm3Colour:black(normally)Use:inthegrotlnd,forlongdistances(coils)forcoldwateronly(below60oC-140oFIInstallation:Generallyapplythesamerulesasgivenforgalv.pipes.HDPEshouldbeinstalledfreefromstress,Theclampingdistanceisapproximatelytentimesthepipediameter.Don’tpaintthepipesafterinstalling.SomepaintswilldestroytheHDPEmaterial.+++++++-I-++connectionwithweldingplate-Adhesionisnotpossiblepossibletomakefittings-Connectionwithsocketis(tee,bend)quiteeasilydifficultwithoutspecialfittings,availableincoils(upto100m=330’)leightinweight(transportationcost)needfewtoois(electricitynotessential)goodchemicalresistancelowfrictionlossflexuralstrength(resistbreakageandfrost)goodadaptiontoterrainincrustion-freesmoothinternalsurface-nodirectconnectionwithcement.-easytomakeholesinit(therforedeeptrenches)-25-7.2.PLASTICPIPES--HDPE/Handlinq,layinqandjointinqcoiledPolyethylenePipes*eCoils:Polyethylenepipecanbesuppliedincoilsin,3sizerange3/8-4andinsomeinstances6diameter.Coillengti1of150m(492Et)insizes3and4[diameterpipecanbesuppi;edonspdcdaldrums.WhenPolyethylenepipeiscoiledthisisdoneatfactoryambienttemperatureofappr.25Centigrades(77OF).Thepipe,whichisextrudedasastraightpipeismechanicallywrappedroundacoilformerandboundtogetherintoarigidtransportablecoil.WI.lenthebindingiscutfromthecoil,thepipewilltendtoreverttoastraightpipeandcareshouldbeexercisedtocontrolthismovc-mentonpipediameters2andaboveastheuncoiledforcecanbeofconsiderablemagnitudeandcouldcauseinjurytothosehandlingthecoil,Whenuncoilingpipe,theboundcoilshouldbestoodverticallyonitscircumference.Theouterfreepipeendshouldbepositionedatthebottomofthecoilandassoonasitiscutfreefromthecoil,thisendshouldbeanchoredtothegroundwithastakeormetalhoop.Thecoilshouldnowberolledoutawayfromtheanchoredenduntiltheentirecoiledlengthisunwound.Thisendsofthecoilpipe,thoughtendingtostraightenthemselves,willforsometimeretainadegreeofcurvature.Itwillfacilitatejointingifadjacentpipeendsarearrangedsothatthiscurvatureistowardseachother.TheendsofPolyethylenepipewhencut,afterextrusionwilltendtoreduceindiameterslightlyoverthelast2or3ofthepipe.Thisshortsectionofpipeshouldbecutoff,andindoingsothepipeendcuttrulysquare.AlignmentforButtWeldingWhenjointingpipebythebuttweldtechnique,itisessentialthatthepipeendsmeettrulysquareandmatetogetherwithoutexternalrestraint.Bearinginmindthattheseendswillbothbecurved,thealignmentofthejointmaybedchievedeitherintheformofasemi-circle,wherethe1orvatureofthepipeendsisinthesamedirec-tion,orintheformofalargeletterIS’ifthecurvatureofthepipeendsiscontrary.Timespentachie-;ingexactalignmentistimewellspentasthesubsequentjointingwillbeaverysimplematterindeed.StoragePolyethylenepipesshouldnotbestoredalongsidefertilizers,pe-sticides,insecticidesandchemicalcompositionssuchasthese,otherwisethosepipesareliabletodevelopcracks.7.3.PLASTICPIPESWeldinqOnlywhengoodalignmenthasbeenachievedshouldthewelding;)ro--cessbeattempted,theprocedureforwhichisasfollows:1.2.3.4.5.6.Assemblepipeendsinclampsleavingappr.2ofpipeprojcc-tinginwardsfromeachclamp.Ifpipeendshavenotpreviouslybeensquared,thesquareoffusingafinetoothedwoodsaw.Againcheckalignment.Completetrimmingofpipeendsusingthetrimmingtool,Thisachievesbothaverycleanandsquaretrimandalsoexposesaperfectlynewfacefortheweld.Careshouldbetakenthatthetrimmingofthepipeendsiscompleteovertheentirepipecircumference.Aftertrimmingnothingshouldbeallowedtotouchthenewlyexposedfaces.Removetrimmingtoolandagaincheckthejointforneatjoinandtruealignment.Atnopointonjointshouldtherebeagapofmorethan0.5mm(l/64).Checktemperatureofheatingtoolwithheatcrayon,whichshouldbe210oC(+lO,-5oC)or410oF(+50o,-41OF).Insertheatin:rtoolbetweenpipeendsandadjustpressureofpipeendsonhea-tingtool.Timesandpressuresforheatingaregivenonattachedchart.Removeheatingtoolandwithoutdelaybringpipeendsintocon-tat-tunderpressureandleaveunderpressure,undisturbeduntilweldhascooled.Againweldingpressuresandcoolingtimesareindicated.Theactualpressurescanbereadonthegraduatedadjustmentscrewsonspecialweldingmachines.Indicationofagoodjointisgivenbytheuniformityofthebeadontheoutsideofthepipeoveritsentirecircumference.Unevenessofthisbeadisanindicationofpooralignmentandunevenpressure.Thebeadsizeshouldbeappr.2-3mmthickonpipesize2-6I.D.Failuretoachieveabeadonanypartofthejointwouldbeindictiveofasuspectjoint,andthisjointshouldbecutoutandre-made.WeldingofHDPEpipes,pressureforabout30seconds3B48mmca.9kg(20lbs)i5675mmca.018kg(2240lbs)B90mmca.20kg(44lbs)pl110mmca.90kg(65lbs)fl125mmca.40kg(88lbs)!a150mmca,55kg(120lbs)Important:Ifthewelding-plateisheatedwithablowlamporoverafire,thenateflon-paperhasto.befittedovertheplateaftertheheatingbeforetheweldingcanbedone!Otherwisethequalityofweldingwillbeverybad,-27-7.4.PLASTICPIPES/HD,?E-BRAIIJCH4501.‘Cutpipe/A-$3.file,ifnecessary4.weldn67.505.*cut.ntherpar--28-fileifnecessary-2,check...6.cutanotherpiece8.weld7.5.PLAS‘I?IcPIPES/HDPE-BRANCH60’1.cutpipeh3.file,ifnecessary5.cutoffotherpart7.check,fileifnecessary2.check4.weld-.I-//i,/60ef6.cutanotherpiece8.weld-29-7.6.PLASTICP1PES/HDPE-BRANCH90’-1.cutpipe2.check7.Check,LfileifnecessaryI,i,,:./,,,,,::;.:,:,-:T,,,j,,,,l,,,!:(.I4.weld6.cutanotherpiece8.weId7.7,PLASTICPIPES/HDPE-BENDSElbow900Elbow45O2pieceswith11.25ocut1segmentpiece2x11.25ocut2pieceswith15o’cut2segmentpieces2x15OcittBend45O2pieceswith5.6O3segmentpieces2x5.6’Bend902pieceswith7.5O5segmentpieces2x7.5OInotrecommendableWRONG-31-7.8.PLASTICPIPES/HDPE-ENDC4P---.-Taketheremainingseg-mentofabranch90,fromthesamediameterasthemain-pipeline(see7.6.No.5)nIWELDINGPLATEHeatbothpiecesontheweldingplate-32-Cutan45Oangleonastraightpipepressthemtogether7.9.PLASTIlOPIPES/HDPE-KJONPCALREDIJCEX1.Takeasegmentofa450branch(see7.4.No.5)3.Weldtheconicalpiecetothepipewiththebiggerdiameter.Cutoffthepointedend,thesegmenthastobesmallerthanthediame-terofthesmallerpipetobefixed.5.Afterthecooling,the6,Heatbothpiecesonthediameterhavetobemadeweldingplateandpushthesameasthepiecetothemtogether.beweldedonit.+33-2.checkthetdiametetsfrunltheconicalpiecetothebigdiameterpipeline.4.Heattheendwithhotairandpush~1conicalpieceintoit..7.10.PLASTICI?IPE$/HDPE-ENDCAP-alsofirststepfor.’educer-making(alsoanormalpieceofG.I.pipecando).1.prepareametalweldingtooloutsideIJ=HDPEPI+1mmbiggerinsideg=HDPE!J-1mmsmallerthanthepipeforwhichanendcapisrequired.nnc.lr-w,,13.Heatthepipewithhotair(andnotwiththeflame)andopenit.5.MarkthepipeoutsideIdiameterandcleanthesurfaceproperly,necessaryforthefollowingwel-ding.7,Removetheweldingtoolsandconnectbothplasticparts.Press-ingforappr.30secondsisessen-2.TakeapieceofHDPE-pipea:idcutitinthelengthside.(=materialforthecap).c44.PuttheHDPE-plateonaflatsur-faceandonitaflatwood,withsomeweightonit.Waituntilitiscold.6.Heattheweldingtoolsandputtheplasticmaterialsonthem.Welding-plateforHDPE-pipe,Welding-pipeforHDPE-plate.8.Theoverlappingmaterialcanberemoved,buttheweldingseamshoulc:notbecutaway(Reinforcement)7.11.PLASTIQPIPEs/HDPE-REDUCER(forlowpressureandwastewatersystems)1.Takeanendcap(makeasbeforementioned).Thediameterhastobeaccordingtotherequiredbiggerone.Marktheplacewherethesmallerpipehastobe.Cleanthesurfaceonthecoverplatewithaknifeorgiasspaper.5.Heatbothpiecesontheweldingtools(plateandpipetool),,presEithetogether,I:,’,;*‘,‘,/,*,’j,.,;.,’‘,\d2.Prepareametalweldingtooloutsidefl=HDPEfl+1mminside/d=HDPEfl-1mmthanthepipeforwhichthesmallerpipediameterisrequired.-4.Prepareawoodenbloc,fortheinsideofthebiggerfl,asacounterpressureforthewelding.6,Cutouttheinsidepart,butleavetheweldingseamexisting-35-(asreinforcement)7.12.PLASTICP1PES/HDPE:-REDUCERconical,forsmalldifferences111di1.Prepareaconicalwoodenpiece3.Pushthepieceoverthewoodenmouldwhileturning.5.Heatbothpiecesonthe-36.7wel.dingplate.ametcrs.2.Yeatthepipewithhotair(ontheveryendonly)untilitgetssoft,likerubber,preventover-heating6.Pressthemtogether.4.Aftercooling,makethesur-faceequalandaccordingtotherequired,biggerdiame-ter.17.13.PLASTICPIPES/II!iP!:-Ri:~ti~2CiH:zA!:y--.--.-_.__-_--.-.-1.Prepareametalweldingtool,outsidediameterasmainpipe3.FiletheHDPEbranchpipesothatitsitsproperlyonthemainpipe.6.Presspipestogether.2.Prepareametaltoolwiti:adiameterof+lmmtotheout-diameterand1mmsmallertl;n:lthatofthebranchpipe4.Checkandmarkforcleaning5.HeatboththeweldingtoolsMetalcylindertoHDPEbranchpipeIMetalbranchpipetoheatHDPEmainpipe.7,Cutoutinsideofbranch,butleaveweldingseam.-37-7.14.PLASTICPIPES/HDPE-TOOLSMouldforstraightpipeweldingGROOVE,FORWELDINGMITERBOX7.15.PLASTICPIPES/ELOWLAMPOILCUP--Theblowlampisaportablekerosenetorchusedbyplumbersforsecuringintenselocalheat,formeltingmetals,heatingmetalsandsoldering.OperationofBlowLamp1.Filltank3/4withkerosene.Useafunnelwithafiltersothatdirtwillnotflowintothetankandcauseblockageintheoutlet.2.Openairvalve.3.Fill