初中状语从句教案

状语从句

状语:

修饰：谓语动词或某个句子的“词，短语，句子”；

用来说明谓语动词发生的时间、地点、方式、因果、条件、让步、目的、程度、等。

状语在句子中的位置很灵活，常见情况为：

（1）通常在句子基本结构之后，强调时放在句首；

（2）修饰形容词或副词时:通常位于被修饰的词之前；

（3）表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首，地点状语一般须访在时间状语之前;

（4）一些表示不确定时间（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态

动词之后，动词之前。

有时状语在句中的某个位置会引起歧义，应注意，

如：Theboycallsthegirlintheclassroom.—•般理解成'男孩喊教室里的女孩

（此时intheclassroom为girl的定语），也可以理解为'男孩在教室里喊女孩'

（此时intheclassroom为地点状语），最好写作,Intheclassroom,theboycallsthegirl.

副词（短语）作状语：

Theboyneedsapenverymuch./男孩非常需要一支钢笔。（程度状语）

Theboyreallyneedsapen./男孩真的需要一支钢笔。（程度状语）

Theboyneedsapennow./Now,theboyneedsapen./男孩现在需要一支钢笔。（时间状语）

介词短语作状语：

Intheclassroom,theboyneedsapen./在教室里，男孩需要一支钢笔。（地点状语）

Beforehismother,Tomisalwaysaboy./在母亲面前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.（条件状语）

OnSundays,thereisnostudentintheclassroom./星期天，教室里没有学生.（时间状语）

分词（短语）作状语：

Hesitsthere,askingforapen./他坐在那儿要一支笔。（表示伴随状态）

Havingtofinishhishomework,theboyneedsapen.

因为不得不完成作业，男孩需要一支笔。（原因状语）

Frightened,hesitstheresoundlessly./（因为）受了惊吓，他无声地坐在那儿。（原因状语）

不定式作状语：

Theboyneedsapentodohishomework./男孩需要一支笔写家庭作业。（目的状语）

Tomakehisdreamcometrue,Tombecomesveryinterestedinbusiness.

为实现梦想,汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣.

句子做状语：

HehadlearnedalittleChinesebeforehecametoChina.

在他来中国之前，他已经掌握了一些中文。

Wewon'tstartuntilBobcomes.

我们不会开始的，直到鲍勃来了我们在开始。

状语从句种类：

时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、

目的状语从句、比较状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句

总括:

类别连词

时间状语从句when,whenever,while,as,before,after,since,till,once（——旦）

地点状语从句where,wherever

原因状语从句because,since,as,for,nowthat（既然，由于）（etc.=andsoon等等）

目的状语从句inorderthat（为了，以便），sothat,etc.

结果状语从句so...that,sothat,such...that,that,etc.

条件状语从句if,unless,as（so）longas,incasethatetc.

让步状语从句though,although,evenif,eventhough,however,whatever,as,etc.

比较状语从句as...as,so...as,than,etc.

方式状语从句as,asif,asthough,etc.

1.时间状语从句

（1）时间状语从句常用when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas等连词来引导。例如：

Itwasraininghard（rainhard下大雨）whengottoschoolyesterday.

Whilehewasdoinghishomework,thetelephonerang.

Ashewalkedalong（沿着走）thelake,hesanghappily.

HehadlearnedalittleChinesebeforehecametoChina.

Afterhefinishedmiddleschool,hewenttoworkinafactory.

（2）在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：

DIringyouupassoonasIgettoNewYork.

Iwilltellhimeverythingwhenhecomesback.

Hewon'tbelieveituntilheseesitwithhisowneyes.

（3）在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，

谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”，”在……以前不……”，谓语

动词可用瞬间动词。例如：

Theyoungmanreadtillthelightwentout（熄灭）.

Let'swaituntiltherainstops.

Wewon'tstartuntilBobcomes.

Don'tgetoff（从下来）untilthebusstops.

【Till是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候，而在那个时刻之后，该事情或状况仍将持续。

Until是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候，而讲话的人在自己心里认为，在那个时刻之后，该事情或该状况将中止

（不怎么可能持续）。固定组合里frommorningtillnight,lill/until是不能替换的，］

2.条件状语从句

⑴条件状语从句通常由if,unless引导。例如：

Whatshallwedoifitsnowstomorrow?

Don'tleavethebuildingunlessItellyouto.

(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：

PHhelpyouwithyourEnglishifamfreetomorrow.

Hewon'tbelateunlessheisill.

(3)“祈使句+and(or)+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：

Hurryup,oryou'llbelate.=Ifyoudon'thurryup,you'llbelate.

Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexam.=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.

还有：aslongas/solongas只要….incasethat以防••…

3.原因状语从句

(1)原因状语从句通常由because,since,as引导。例如：

Hedidn'tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.

Asitisraining,weshallnot(不得；不应该)ROthezoo.

Sinceyoucan'tanswerthequestion,Tilasksomeoneelse.

(2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，

只能用becauseoAs和since语气较弱，一一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放

在句首。例如：

------Whyaren'tgoingthere?

------BecauseIdon'twantto.

Ashehasnocar,hecan'tgetthereeasily.

Sincewehavenomoney,wecan'tbuyit.

(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。

4.结果状语从句

(1)结果状语从句由so…that,such…that,sothat引导。例如:

Heissopoorthathecan'tbuyabikeforhisson.

Sheissuchagoodteacherthateverybodylikesher.

Mypencilfellunderthedesk,sothatIcouldn'tseeit.

A：so…that语such...that可以互换。

例如：

由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。

其结构是:".・・so+形容词(副词)+that+从句例如:

Hewassogladthathecouldn'tsayaword.

Thehallissobigthatitcanhold2,000people.

Motherlivessofarawaythatwehardlyever(几乎不，从来不)seeher.

B：such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词,

也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。

如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：

Itwassuchahotdaythatnobodywantedtodoanything.

Hehadsuchlongarmsthathecouldalmosttouchtheceiling.（天花板）

Hemadesuchrapidprogressthathedidverywellinthemid-term.

有时可以互换。

例如：

Itwassuchawonderfulfilmthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.

=Thefilmwassowonderfulthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.

Itissuchanimportantmatchthatnobodywantstomissit.

=Thematchissoimportantthatnobodywantstomissit.

（3）如果名词前由many,much,little,few等词修饰时，只能用so,不用sucho

例如：

Soonthereweresomanydeerthattheyateupailthewildroses.

Hehassolittletimethathecan'tgotothecinema（去看电影）withyou.

5,比较状语从句

比较状语从句通常由as…as,比较级+than…等连词引导。例如:

TomrunsfasterthanJohndoes.

Thisclassroomisasbigasthatone.

6.目的状语从句

⑴目的状语从句通常由sothat,inorderthat（为了,以便）引导。例如：

Westartedearlysothatwecouldcatchthefirsttrain.

Hestudieshardsothathecouldworkbetterinthefuture.

Weusedthecomputerinorderthatwemightsavetime.

（2）sothat既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。

区别这两种从句的办法有两个：

1）目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can,could,may,might等。

2）从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：

Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.（目的状语从句）

Jackisbadlyillsothathehastorest.（结果状语从句）

7.让步状语从句

⑴让步状语从句通常由although,though,eventhough,evenif(尽管，即使)等连词引导。例如:

Thoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.

AlthoughIamtired,Imustgoonworking.

(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。例如：

我们不能说：Thoughitwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.

应该说：Thoughitwasraininghard,hestillwentout.或Itwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.

8.地点状语从句

地点状语从句常常由where,wherever来引导。例如：

Gowhereyoulike.

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

总结：状语从句分类及常用连词：

练习一

一.单项填空

1.he'sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.

A.ThoughB.SinceC.ForD.So

2.—Doyouknowifhetoplaybasketballwithus?

---1thinkhewillcomeifhefreetomorrow.

A.comes;isB.comes;willbeC.willcome;isD.willcome;willbe

3.Inthezooifachildintothewaterandcan'tswim,thedolphinsmaycomeuphim.

A.willfall;tohelpB.falls;tohelpC.willfall;helpD.falls;helping

4.Idon'trememberheworkedinthatcitywhenhewasyoung.

A.whatB.whichC.whereD.who

5.Wewillstayathomeifmyaunttovisitustomorrow.

A.comesB.comeC.willcomeD.iscoming

6.Thepoliceaskedthechildrencrossthestreetthetrafficlightsturnedgreen.

A.not;beforeB.don't;whenC.notto;untilD.not;after

7.1waslateforclassyesterdaytherewassomethingwrongwithmybike.

A.whenB.thatC.untilD.because

8.FilgoswimmingwithyouifIfreetomorrow.

A.willbeB.shallbeC.amD.was

9.Intheexam,theyouare,themistakesyouwillmake.

A.careful;littleB.morecareful;fewestC.morecareful;fewerD.morecareful;less

10.Youshouldfinishyourlessonsyougoouttoplay.

A.beforeB.afterC.whenD.while

11.IhurriedIwouldn'tbelateforclass.

A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unless

12.Whenyoureadthebook,you'dbettermakeamarkyouhaveanyquestions.

A.whichB.thatC.whereD.though

13.Theteacherraisedhisvoiceallthestudentscouldhearhim.

A.forB.sothatC.becauseD.inorder

14.Hetookoffhiscoathefelthot.

A.becauseB.asC.ifD.since

15.Itisthatwe'dliketogooutforawalk.

A.alovelydayB.toolovelyadayC.solovelyadayD.suchlovelyaday

16.Maryhadmuchworktodothatshestayedatherofficeallday.

A.suchB.soC.tooD.very

17.Ifeltverytired,Itriedtofinishthework.

A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.AsD.Asif

18.thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.

A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As

19.wellyoucandrive,youmustdrivecarefully.

A.SolongasB.InorderthatC.NomatterhowD.Themoment

20.WritetomeassoonasyoutoBeijing.

A.willgetB.getC.gettingD.got

根据中文意思完成下列英语句子

1.不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。

Iamnotangrywithhim,jokesheonme.

2.布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。

MrsBrucewaskindtoherstudentstheyhertheirmother.

3.只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。

Ourparentswillbepleasedwithourperformancewetryourbest.

4.你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？

WillyoupleasecallmeyougettoShanghai.

5.这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。

Theseven-year-oldgirllikesplayingthepianoshehaskeptpracticingfbrtwoyears.

6.虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。

,shekeptonlearningEnglishbyherself.

7.他长大后相当一名记者。

Hewantstobeajournalist.

8.无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。

windyorrainy,ourteacherisalwaysthefirsttogettoschool.

9.如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。

___________________________________toprotectingtheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemuchmore

beautiful.

10.李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。

LiMingdidn'tcometoschool.

练习二

1Themeetingdidn'tstart__everyonewasthere.

A.becauseB.untilC.whyD.if

2Theboy_tobed___hismothercamein.

A.wentnot;untilB.didn'tgo;afterC.went;untilD.didn*tgo;until

3Iwon'tbelieveyou_Ihaveseenitwithmyowneyes.

A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.when

4He_home___shewassatisfied___hisansweryesterday.

A.didn*tgo;until;withB.wasn'tgo;after;to

C.doesn'tgo;before;withD.didn'tgo;until;to

5He_backuntilthework___done.

A.isn't;willbeB.isn't;isC.won'tbe;willbeD.won'tbe;is

6Theydidn'tstartthework_theirteachercameback.

A.untilB.whileC.assoonasD.if

7.Tomwillcallmeassoonashe_Shanghai.

A.arrivesB.willreachC.arrivesinD.getto

8.I'msurehellcometoseemebeforehe_Beijing.

A.willleaveB.isleavingC.leaveD.leaves

9.1willtellhimthenewsassoonashe___back.

A.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.came

10.Tomhasgotawatch.He___itfortwoyears.Itbyhisfather.

A.hasbought;wasboughtB.hasgot;isbought,C.wasbought;hasbought.D.hashad;wasbought

11.Whenhegottothestation,thetrain__.

A.leftB.hadleftC.leavesD.hasleft

12.Theboytoldhisfatherwhathe_inthestreet.

A.sawB.haveseenC.hadseenD.see

13.We_TVwhenthetelephone.

A.watched;wasringingB.werewatching;rangC.watch;ringsD.arewatching;rang

14.Bytheendoflastterm,I_tenbooks.

A.hadfinishedreadingB.havefinishreadingC.hadfinishtoreadD.finishread

15.1___youforalongtime.Where___you___?

A.didn'tsee;did;goB.didn'tsee;have;goneC.haven'tseen;have;beenD.haven'tseen;have;gone

16.Tom___Chinafor3years.

A.hasbeenB.hasbeeninC.hasbeentoD.hasbeenat

17.1won'tgotoseethefilmtonight,becauseI___myticket.

A.lostB.havelostC.willloseD.didn*tlose

18.-Hello!MayIspeaktoBob?

-Sorry,buthe___foramonth.

A.hadbeenawayB.wasleftC.leftD.hasbeenaway

19.1_himsinceIbegantoliveinthecity.

A.knowB.haveknownC.knewD.willknow

20.ZhaoLan_already___inthisschoolfortwoyears.

A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;studying

21.Bettydidn'tgotoseethefilmyesterday_shewasill.

A.becauseB.butC.untilD.if

22MayIsitnearer_Icanseemoreclearly?

A.asifB.sothatC.evenifD.so

23youworkhard,youwillcertainlysucceed.

A.ThoughB.IfC.BecauseD.For

24hecametostudyintheuniversity,hehasmademuchprogressinthestudyofEnglish.

A.WhileB.WhenC.SinceD.After

25I'dliketogoswimmingthewaterisnottoocold.

A.forB.unlessC.ifD.whether

26Thereare_manyleaguemembersinclass2___inClass4.

A.both;andB.'so;thatC.either;orD.as;as

27.-Doyouhaveabiglibrary?

-No,wedon't.Atleast,not___yours.

A.asbigasB.asbigthanC.asbiggerthanD.biggeras

28.Suzhouisnot__beautiful____Hangzhou.

A.as;thanB.so;asC.even;thanD./;than

29.Ironismoreuseful_anyothermetal.

A.asB.thanC.thenD.so

30.1wanttoknow_sheisgoingtoseeafilm.

A.ifB.thatC.whatD.which

31.Youaresuretopasstheexam_youstudyhard.

A.ifB.thoughC.thatD.since

32.I'llgotoseethefilmwithyou_Ihavetimethisevening.

A.whetherB.soC.ifD.when

33.___youstudyharder,you'llneverpassthefinalexam.

A.IfB.UntilC.UnlessD.Except

34.Althoughitwasraining,stillworkedinthefield