Unit6HowPixarfosterscollectivecrativity市公开课一等奖省赛课微课件

HowPixarFostersCollectiveCreativitybyEdCatmull1/44EdCatmullDr.EdCatmullisoneofthethreefoundingfathersofPixar.HeisacomputerscientistandcurrentpresidentofPixarAnimationStudiosandWaltDisneyAnimationStudios.Asacomputerscientist,Catmullhascontributedtomanyimportantdevelopmentsincomputergraphics.[6][7]2/44"HowPixarFostersCollectiveCreativity"waspublishedinHowardBusinessReview《哈佛商业评论》in.

HarvardBusinessReview(HBR)isageneralmanagementmagazinepublishedbyHarvardBusinessPublishing,awhollyownedsubsidiaryofHarvardUniversity.

HBR'sarticlescoverawiderangeoftopicsthatarerelevanttodifferentindustries,managementfunctions,andgeographiclocations.Thesefocusonsuchareasasleadership,organizationalchange,negotiation,strategy,operations,marketing,finance,andmanagingpeople.3/44Pixar(PixarAnimationStudios)basedinCalifornia

Foundedin1986byJohnLasseter,SteveJobs,EdCatmullBoughtby

TheWaltDisneyCompany

inearned27AcademyAwards,sevenGoldenGlobeAwards,andelevenGrammyAwards

4/44JohnAlanLasseter(bornJanuary12,1957)isanAmericananimator,filmdirector,screenwriter,producerandthechiefcreativeofficeratPixar,WaltDisneyAnimationStudios,andDisneyToonStudios.HeisalsothePrincipalCreativeAdvisorforWaltDisneyImagineering.HehaswontwoAcademyAwards,forAnimatedShortFilm(forTinToy),aswellasaSpecialAchievementAward(forToyStory).5/44LasseterbeganhiscareerasananimatorwithTheWaltDisneyCompany.AfterbeingfiredfromDisneyforpromotingcomputeranimation,hejoinedLucasfilm,whereheworkedonthethen-groundbreakinguseofCGIanimation.TheGraphicsGroupoftheComputerDivisionofLucasfilmwassoldtoSteveJobsandbecamePixarin1986.LasseteroverseesallofPixar'sfilmsandassociatedprojectsasexecutiveproducer.Inaddition,hedirectedToyStory(1995),ABug'sLife(1998),ToyStory2(1999),Cars(),andCars2().Since,healsooverseesallofWaltDisneyAnimationStudios'(anditsdivision,DisneyToonStudios')filmsandassociatedprojectsasexecutiveproducer.CGI：computergraphicsinterface电脑图像界面6/44StevenJobsAfterapowerstrugglewiththeboardofdirectorsin1985,JobsleftAppleandfoundedNeXT,acomputerplatformdevelopmentcompanyspecializinginthehigher-educationandbusinessmarkets.In1986,heacquiredthecomputergraphicsdivisionofLucasfilm,whichwasspunoffasPixar.7/44DreamWorksAnimationSKG梦工厂动画工作室8/44WaltDisney(迪士尼）MickeyMouseSnowWhiteandSevenDwafsSleepingBeautyBeautyandtheBeast9/44MajorworksEnglishnameChinesenameShowtime1、【ToyStory】玩具总动员1995.11.222、【ABug‘sLife】虫虫危机1998.11.273、【ToyStory2】玩具总动员21999.11.244、【Monsters,Inc】怪物企业.11.25、【FindingNemo】海底总动员.5.306、【TheIncredibles】超人总动员.11.57、【Cars】汽车总动员.6.98、【Ratatouille】美食总动员.6.299、【WALL·E】机器人总动员.6.2710、【Up】飞屋周游记.5.2911、【ToyStory3】玩具总动员3.6.1812、【Cars2】汽车总动员.6.2413、【Brave】勇敢传说.6.19

10/44OscarBestAnimationAward

(奥斯卡最正确动画长片奖)【FindingNemo】海底总动员.5.30【TheIncredibles】超人总动员.11.5【Ratatouille】美食总动员.6.29【WALL·E】机器人总动员.6.27【Up】飞屋周游记.5.29【ToyStory3】玩具总动员3.6.1811/44cvv12/4413/4414/4415/4416/4417/4418/4419/4420/44Questions:WhyisPixarsosuccessfulasananimationstudio?What’sthecorporatecultureofPixar?WhatisthepeercultureinPixar?

21/44Discussion:“Ifyougiveagoodideatoamediocreteam,theywillscrewitup;ifyougiveamediocreideatoagreatteam,theywilleitherfixitorthrowitawayandcomeupwithsomethingthatworks?”–EdCatmull

Doyouagreewithit?Why?22/44TextAnalysispart1para.1-para.3para.1Almostalwaysthere’sa50/50split,whichhasastoundedmebecauseIcouldn’tdisagreemorewiththestudioexecutive.

astound:shock

23/44para.2Andinmakingthesefilms,wehavecontinuedtopushthetechnologicalboundariesofcomputeranimation,securingdozensofpatentsintheprocess.在这些电影制作过程中，我们不停扩展着电脑动画技术疆域，也由此取得了大量专利。24/44secure

V

Ifyousecuresomethingthatyouwantorneed,youobtainit,oftenafteralotofeffort.争取到

Federalleaderscontinuedtheireffortstosecureaceasefire.

联邦政府领导人们继续他们争取停火努力。25/44Para.3WhileI'mnotfoolishenoughtopredictthatwewillneverhaveaflop,Idon'tthinkoursuccessislargelyluck.我没有蠢到预言说我们永远不会失败，不过我也不认为我们成功只是因为运气好。flop:completefailure26/44para.3Wemustconstantlychallengeallofourassumptionsandsearchfortheflawsthatcoulddestroyourculture.flaw:mistake27/44part2para.4-8Whatiscreativitycreativityisacollectiveeffort.Creativitymeanswehavetoputourselvesatgreatriskinsteadofavoidingrisk.Examplestoprovethispoint?28/44para.4Theinitialideaforthemovie—whatpeopleinthemoviebusinesscall“thehighconcept”—ismerelyonestepinalong,arduousprocessthattakesfourtofiveyears.arduous:difficultanarduoustaskanarduousworkeranarduouswinterarduouspaths

29/44para.5It’slikeanarchaeologicaldigwhereyoudon’tknowwhatyou’relookingfororwhetheryouwillevenfindanything.Theprocessisdownrightscary.这就像是在你不知道自己在找什么甚至不确定你能否有任何收获情况下来做考古挖掘。整个过程都要非常小心翼翼。30/44para.7Ifyouwanttobeorginal,youhavetoaccepttheuncertanity,evenwhenit'suncomfortable,andhavethecapabilitytorecoverwhenyourorganizationtakesabigriskandfails.31/44para.8Thattakestrustandrespect,whichweasmanagerscan'tmandate,theymustbeearnedovertime.这需要信赖和尊重，这是我们作为管理者无法强制；它得靠时间来养成。mandatev.授权，命令32/44para.8Whatwecandoisconstructanenvironmentthatnurturestrustingandrespectfulrelationshipsandunleasheseveryone’screativity.我们能做只是建立一个能培养信赖和尊重人际关系以及发挥每个人创造力环境。unleashleashv.束缚，用皮带绑住33/44Ifwegetthatright,theresultisavibrantcommunitywheretalentedpeopleareloyaltooneanotherandtheircollectivework,everyonefeelsthattheyarepartofsomethingextraordinary,andtheirpassionandaccomplishmentsmakethecommunityamagnetfortalentedpeoplecomingoutofschoolsorworkingatotherplaces.假如我们做得好，就能得到一个生机勃勃群体，在那里，有才华人们彼此忠诚也对这个集体忠诚，每个人都认为他们是一个出色团体一分子，他们热情和成就让这个集体能吸引到更多刚走出校门或者在别处工作人才。vibratev.振动vibrantadj.振动，充满生气34/44IknowwhatI’mdescribingistheantithesisofthefree-agencypracticesthatprevailinthemovieindustry,butthat’sthepoint:Ibelievethatcommunitymatters.我知道，我在这里所描述景象恰恰同整个电影产业里主流按合约合作情况完全相反，不过这正是我想说：我相信团体力量。prevailvi.盛行，流行；战胜，获胜Rickstillbelievesthatjusticewillprevail.prevailing35/44Part3para.9-22TheRootsofOurCultureSmarterpeoplearemoreimportantthangoodideas.EdCatmull'sexperieceattheUniversityofUtah,TheNewYorkInstituteofTechnologyandLucasfil

ToyStory236/44Accordingtotheauthor,whatarethelessonsofToyStory2?1.para.20Ittaughtusanimportantlessonabouttheprimacyofpeopleoverideas:Ifyougiveagoodideatoamediocreteam,theywillscrewitup;ifyougiveamediocreideatoagreatteam,theywilleitherfixitorthrowitawayandcomeupwithsomethingthatworks.它教给我们主要一课，人比想法更主要：假如你把一个好想法交给一支平庸队伍，他们会把它搞砸；假如你把一个平庸想法交给一支出众队伍，他们要么能够挽救它，要么会把它扔掉然后找出一些管用方法来。2.para.21Therehastobeonequalitybarforeveryfilmweproduce.

37/44primacy首位mediocre[,miːdɪ'əʊkə]adj.平庸mediocrity[miːdɪ'ɒkrɪtɪ]n.38/44para.21Butbyrejectingmediocrityatgreatpainandpersonalsacrifice,wemadealoudstatementasacommunitythatitwasunacceptabletoproducesomegoodfilmsandsomemediocrefilms.AsaresultofToyStory2,itbecamedeeplyingrainedinourculturethateverythingwetouchneedstobeexcellent.不过在巨大艰辛和个人牺牲下，经过防止平庸之作，我们得以作为一个集体响亮地表示出我们不能接收制作一些好电影和一些烂电影做法。作为《玩具总动员2》一个结果，每个我们经手作品都必须保持出众品质这种观念开始在我们文化里根深蒂固。39/44Part4para.23-28