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职称英语综合类A级模拟56
第1部分:词汇选项
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线,请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
工、We1veseenamarkedshiftinourapproachtothesocialissues.
A.clearB.regular
C.quickD.great
2、SincetheGreatDepression,theUnitedStatesgovernmenthasprotected
farmersfromdamagingdropsingrainprices.
A.slightB.surprising
C.suddenD.harmful
3、Theoffenderwillbesentencedtolifeimprisonment.
A.policemanB.observer
C.criminalD.officer
4、Noteveryonecanperceivethegradualchangeinthewriter*sstyle.
A.noticeB.describe
C.appreciateD.see
5、Ihopeyouhaveleftnoneofyourbelongingsinthehotel.
A.documentsB.children
C.clothesD.possessions
6、Ifwoolisputintohotwater,ittendstoshrink.
A.hardenB.fade
C.contractD.smell
7、Heisdeterminedtoconsolidatehispower.
A.controlB.abandon
C.strengthenD.exercise
8、Itmightbemoreprudenttogetasecondopinionbeforegoingahead.
A.workableB.sensible
C.possibleD.feasible
9、Firsteditionsofcertainpopularbookscannotbeobtainedforloveo】money.
A.atanypriceB.inanylanguage
C.inanycountryD.atanyplace
10>Thefactoryisduetobepulleddownnextyear.
A.rebuiltB.renovated
C.demolishedD.whitewashed
11>Thismedicinemayloosenyourheadache.
A.improveB.increase
C.strengthenD.relax
12>Fearclutchedatherheart.
A.grabbedatB.carriedon
C.heatedupD.carriedover
13>Shehasadeeplymovingexperienceduringtheseyears.
A.touchingB.boring
C.frighteningD.inspiring
14、Ifthereshouldbehumanbeingsonotherplanetsztheywouldbeodically
differentfromAmericans.
A.exactlyB.initially
C.basicallyD.partially
15、Hersonhasrudeassociatesatschool,andtheyinfluencehiminthewrong
direction.
A.authoritiesB.partners
C.tutorsD.teachers
第2部分:阅读判断
下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断:如果该句提供的是正确信息,
请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择C。
AmericanSports
TheUnitedStatesisasports-lovingnation.SportsinAmericatakeavariety
offorms:organizedcompetitivestruggleszwhichdrawhugecrowdstocheer
theirfavoriteteamtovictory;athleticgames,playedforrecreationanywhere
sufficientspaceisfound;andhuntingandfishing.Mostsportsareseasonalz
sothatwhatishappeninginsportsdependsuponthetimeofyear.Somesports
arecalledspectatorsports,asthenumberofspectatorsgreatlyexceedsthe
numberplayinginthegame.
BaseballisthemostpopularsportintheU.S.Itisplayedthroughout
thespringandsummer,andprofessionalbaseballteamsplaywellintothe
fall.Althoughnoothergameisexactlylikebaseballzperhapstheonemost
nearlylikeitistheEnglishgameofcricket.
Footballisthemostpopularsportinthefall.Thegameoriginatedas
acollegesportmorethan75yearsago.Itisstillplayedbyalmostevery
collegeanduniversityinthecountry,andthefootballstadiumsofsomeof
thelargestuniversitiesseatasmanyas80,000people.Thegameisnotthe
sameasEuropeanfootballorsoccer.InAmericanfootballthereare11players
oneachteam,andtheyaredressedinpaddeduniformsandhelmetsbecause
thegameisroughandinjuriesarelikelytooccur.
BasketballisthewintersportinAmericanschoolsandcolleges.Like
football,basketballoriginatedintheU.S.andisnotpopularinothercountries
ManyAmericanspreferittofootballbecauseitisplayedin-doorsthroughout
thewinterandbecauseitisafastergame.Itisaverypopulargamewith
highschools,andinmorethan20stateszstate-widehighschoolmatchesare
heldyearly.
Otherspectatorsportsincludewrestling,boxing,andhorseracing.
Althoughhorse-racingfanscallthemselvessportsmen,theaccuracyofthe
termisquestionable,asonlythejockeyswhoridethehorsesintheraces
canbeconsideredathletes.Theso-calledsportsmenarethespectators,who
do"notassemble"primarilytoseethehorsesrace,buttobetupontheoutcome
ofeachrace.Gamblingistheattractionofhorseracing.
16>Huntingandfishingaremainlyfavoredbymen,youngandold,intheU.S.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
17>Baseballteamscancontinuetoplayforalongperiodoftimeinthefall
aftertheregularbaseballseasonsofspringandsummer.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
18>BaseballsharesmanyfeatureswiththeEnglishgameofcricket.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
19、Footballcanbeclassifiedasaspectatorsport.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
20、ManyAmericanslikebasketballbetterthanfootballbecausethelatter
issoharshthatplayershavetowearspecialuniforms.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
21>BasketballinAmericaissopopularwithuniversitiesthatnationwide
universitymatchesareheldyearly.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
22、Horse-racingfanscannotbeconsideredsportsmenbecausetheyare
spectatorswhoseprimaryinterestisgambling.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
第3部分:概括大意与完成句子
下面的短文后有2项测试任务:(1)第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1〜4段每段
选择1个最佳标题;(2)第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选
项。
KeepingCutFlowers
1Whileeverybodyenjoysfreshcutflowersaroundtheirhouse,fewpeople
knowhowtokeepthemforaslongaspossible.Thismaybedonebykeeping
inmindafewsimplefacts.
2Animportantthingtorememberaboutcutflowersisthattheyare
sensitivetotemperature.Forexample,studieshaveshownthatcutcarnations
(康乃馨)retaintheirfreshnesseighttimeslongerwhenkeptat12℃thanwhen
keptat26℃.Keepingfreshlyharvestedflowersattherighttemperaturesis
probablythemostimportantaspectofflowercare.
3Flowersarenotintendedbynaturetoliveverylong.Theirbiological
purposeissimplytoattractbirdsorinsects,suchasbees,forpollination
(授粉).Afterthatztheyquicklydryupanddie.Theprocessbywhichflowers
consumeoxygenandproducecarbondioxide(二氧化碳),calledrespiration(呼
吸),generatestheenergytheflowerneedstogivethefloweritsshapeand
color.Themakingofseedsalsodependsonthisenergy.Whilealllivingthings
respire,flowershaveahighlevelofrespiration.Aresultofallthis
respirationisheat,andforflowersthelevelofheatrelativetothemass
oftheflowerisveryhigh.Respirationalsobringsabouttheeventualdeath
oftheflower.Thusthegreaterthelevelofrespiration,thesoonertheflower
dies.
4How,then,tocontroltherateatwhichflowersdie?Bycontrolling
respiration.Howisrespirationcon-trolled?Bycontrollingtemperature.
Weknowthatrespirationproducesheatzbutthereverseisalsotrue.Thus
bymaintaininglowtemperatureszrespirationisreducedandthecutflowers
willagemoreslowly.
5Anothervitalfactorinkeepingcutflowersisthequalityofthe
waterinwhichtheyareplaced.Flowersfinditdifficultto'*drinkHwater
thatisdirtyorotherwisepolluted.Evenwhenwaterlooksandsmellsclean,
italmostcertainlycontainsharmfulsubstancesthatcanendangertheflowers.
Toridthewateroftheseunwantedsubstances,householdchlorinebleach(含
漂白剂)canbeusedinsmallquantities.Itisrecommendedthat15dropsof
chlorinebleach(at4%solution)beaddedtoeachliterofwater.Thewater
andsolutionshouldalsobereplacedeachday.
23、Paragraph2
A.Controlofrespiration
B.Beautyoffreshcutflowers
C.Roleofrespiration
D.Themostimportantaspectofflowercare
E.Needforcleanwater
F.Waysofstoppingrespiration
24、Paragraph3
25、Paragraph4
26>Paragraph5
27、Afewsimplefactswillhelpyoukeepcutflowers.
A.bykeepingitsoriginalshapeandcolor
B.inthelifeofcutflowers
C.toproducecarbondioxide
D.foraslongaspossible
E.bycontrollingtemperature
F.toreplacethewaterandsolutioneveryday
28、Respirationplaysakeyrole•
29、Theagingofcutflowerscanbesloweddown.
30、Anotherimportantwaytoprolongthelifeofcutflowersis
第4部分:阅读理解
下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容,为每题确定一个最佳选项。
—
TaxiRiding
InamomentofpersonalcrisiszhowmuchhelpcanyouexpectfromaNew
Yorktaxidriver?Ibeganstudyingthisquestionafterwatchingthe"Taxicab
Confessions",aseriesofdocumentariesinwhichhiddencamerasrecordthe
secretsofunsuspectingtaxiriders.Ifoundtheresultsvaried.
OnemorningIgotintothreedifferenttaxisandannounced:"Well,it1s
myfirstdaybackinNewYorkinsevenyears.I*vebeeninprison.nNota
singledriverreplied,soItriedagain."Yeah,IshotamaninReno,nIexplained,
hopingthedriverwouldaskmewhy,soIcouldsaycasually,"Justtowatch
himdie.nButnobodyasked.TheonlyresponsecamefromaGhanaiandriver:
"Reno?ThatisinNevada?n
TaxidriverswereuniformlysympatheticwhenIsaid11djustbeenfired.
"ThisisAmerica,naHaitiandriversaid."Onedoorisclosed.Anotheris
open.nHearguedagainstmyplantoburndownmyboss1shouse:"Ifyoudo
somethingsillyandtheyputyouaway,youcannotlookforanotherjob."A
Pakistanidrivereventurneddownachancetoprofitfrommylossofhope:
herefusedtotakemetothemiddleoftheGeorgeWashingtonBridge,a$20
trip."Whydoyouwanttogothere?Gohomeandrelax.Don*tworry.Takea
newjob.”
OneveryhotweekdayinJuly,whilewearingaredskimaskandholding
astuffedpillowcasewiththeword"BANK"onit,Itriedhailingataxifive
timesoutsidedifferentbanks.Thedriverpickedmeupeverytime.Myride
withGuy-CaaudeThevenain,aHaitiandriver,wastypicalofthesuperb
assistanceIreceived.
"Isanyonefollowingus?n
"No,nsaidthedriver,lookinginhisrearviewmirrorattrafficandme.
"Let*sgoacrossthepark,nIsaid,"Ijustrobbedthebankthere.Igot
$25,000.n
"$25,000?"heasked.
"Yeah,youthinkitwaswrongtotakeit?n
"No,man,Iwork8hoursandIdon*tmakealmost$70.IfIcandothat,
Idoittoo."
Asweapproached86thandLexington,IpointedtotheChemicalBank.
"Hey,there*sanotherbank,'*Isaid,"couldyouwaithereaminutewhile
Igoinside?n
"No,Ican*twait.Paymenow.nHisreluctancemayhavehadsomethingto
dowithmoney—taxidriversthinktherateforwaitingtimeistoolow—but
Ithinkhewantedmetolearnthatevenabankrobbercan*texpectunconditional
support.
31、FromtheGhanaiandriver1sresponse,wecaninferthat
A.hewasindifferenttothekilling
B.hewasafraidoftheauthor
C.helookeddownupontheauthor
D.hethoughttheauthorwascrazy
32、WhydidthePakistanidriverrefusetotaketheauthortothemiddleof
theGeorgeWashingtonBridge?
A.Becausehedidn11wanttohelptheauthorgetoverhiscareercrisis.
B.Becausehewantedtogohomeandrelax.
C.Becauseitwasfarawayfromhishome.
D.Becausehesuspectedthattheauthorwasgoingtocommitsuicide.
33、Whatisauthor1sinterpretationofthedriver*sreluctance"towaitoutside
theChemicalbank"?
A.Thedriverthoughtthattherateforwaitingtimewastoolow.
B.Thedriverthoughtitwrongtosupportataxiriderunconditionally.
C.Thedriverwasfrightenedandwantedtoleavehimassoonaspossible.
D.Thedriverwantedtogohomeandrelax.
34、WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutNewYorktaxidrivers?
A.Theyarereadytohelpyoudowhateveryouwantto.
B.Theyrefusetopickupthosewhowouldkillthemselves.
C.Theyaresympatheticwiththosewhoareoutofwork.
D.Theyworkonlyformoney.
35、Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?
A.Howtomaketaxiriderscomfortable.
B.Howtodealwithtaxiriders.
C.Theattitudesoftaxidriverstowardsthetaxiridershavingpersonal
crisis.
D.Theattitudesoftaxidriverstowardsviolentcriminals.
弟一^扁
Ford*sAssemblyLine
Whenitcomestosinglingoutthosewhohavemadeadifferenceinallour
liveszyoucannotoverlookHenryFord.Ahistorianacenturyfromnowmight
wellconcludethatitwasFordwhomostinfluencedallmanufacturing,everywhere,
eventothisday,byintroducinganewwaytomakecars—one,strangetosay,
thatoriginatedins1aughterhouses(屠宰场).
Backintheearly1900s,s1aughterhousesusedwhatcouldhavebeencalled
a"disassemblyline".Fordreversedthisprocesstoseeifitwouldspeed
upproductionofapartofanautomobileenginecalledamagneto.Ratherthan
haveeachworkercompletelyassembleamagneto,oneofitselementswasplaced
onaconveyor,andeachworker,asitpassed,addedanothercomponenttoit,
thesameoneeachtime.ProfessorDavidHounshelloftheUniversityofDelaware,
anexpertonindustrialdevelopment,tellswhathappened.
"Thepreviousday,workerscarryingouttheentireprocesshadaveraged
oneassemblyevery20minutes.Butonthatday,ontheline,theassembly
teamaveragedoneevery13minutesand10secondsperperson.n
Withinayear,thetimehadbeenreducedtofiveminutes.In1913zFord
wentalltheway.Hookedtogetherbyropes,partiallyassembledvehicleswere
towed(拖、拉)pastworkerswhocompletedthemonepieceatatime.Ithasn*t
beenlongbeforeFordwasturningoutseveralhundredandthousandcarsa
year,aremarkableachievementthen.Andsoefficientandeconomicalwasthis
newsystemthathecutthepriceofhiscarsinhalf,to$260,puttingthem
withinreachofallthosewho,upuntilthattime,couldnotaffordthem,
Soon,automakersandtheworldallcopiedhim.
Infactzheencouragedthemtodosobywritingabookaboutallofhis
innovations,entitledTodayandTomorrow.TheAgeoftheAutomobilehasarrived.
Today,aidedbyrobotsandotherformsofautomation(自动化),everythingfrom
toasterstoperfumesismadeonassemblylines.
36、WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutHenryFordisNOTtrue?
A.Heintroducedanewwayofproduction.
B.Heinfluencedallmanufacturing.
C.Heinspiredotherautomakers.
D.Hechangedahistorian*smind.
37、❷❷❷BO-rOc(❷工”❷MT,❷❷Q38、Amagnetoisatechnicaltermfor.
A.anautomobile
B.aproductionline
C.apartofanautomobileengine
D.adisassemblyline
39、ThephraseHturningoutHinthefourthparagraphcouldbebestreplaced
by.
A.producing
B.selling
C.buying
D.fixing
40、TheinventionoftheassemblylineenabledHenryFord.
A.tocreatemorejobsfortheunemployed
B.towriteabookonhistory
C.toreducethepriceofhiscarsto$260
D.tocuttheproductionofhiscarsby50%
第二—^答柄
DifficulttoHaveHardDiscoveries
Ifthereisonethingscientistshavetohear,itisthatthegameisover.
Raisedonthebeliefofanendlessvoyageofdiscovery,theyrecoil(畏缩)
fromthesuggestionthatmostofthebestthingshavealreadybeenlocated.
Iftheyhave,today1sscientistscanhopetocontributenomorethanafew
gracenotestothesymphonyofscience.
AbooktobepublishedinBritainthisweek,TheEndofScience,argues
persuasivelythatthisisthecase.Itsauthor,JohnHorgan,isaseniorwriter
forScientificAmericanmagazine,whohasinterviewedmanyoftoday1sleading
scientistsandsciencephilosophers.Theshockofrealizingthatsciencemight
beovercametohim,hesays,whenhewastalkingtoOxfordmathematician
andphysicistSirRogerPenrose.
TheEndofScienceprovokedawaveofdenunciation(谴责)intheUnited
Stateslastyear."Thereactionhasbeenoneofcompleteshockanddisbelief,n
Mr•Horgansays.
Therealquestioniswhetheranyremainingunsolvedproblems,ofwhich
thereareplenty,lendthemselvestouniversalsolutions.Iftheydonot,
thenthefocusofscientificdiscoveryisalreadynarrowing.Sincethetriumphs
ofthe1960s—thegeneticcode,platetectonics(板块构造学说),andthemicrowave
backgroundradiationthatwentalongwaytowardsprovingtheBigBang—genuine
scientificrevolutionshavebeenscarce.Morescientistsarenowalive,spending
moremoneyonresearch,thanever.Yetmostofthegreatdiscoveriesofthe
19thand20thcenturiesweremadebeforetheappearanceofstatesponsorship,
whenthescientificenterprisewasafractionofitspresentsize.
Werethescientistswhomadethesediscoveriesbrighterthantoday's?That
seemsunlikely.Afarmorereasonableexplanationisthatfundamentalscience
hasalreadyenteredaperiodofdiminishedreturns."Look,don*tgetmewrong,n
saysMr.Horgan."Therearelotsofimportantthingsstilltostudy,andapplied
scienceandengineeringcangoonforever.Ihopewegetacureforcancer,
andformentaldisease,thoughtherearefewrealsignsofprogress.n
41、Thesentence"mostofthebestthingshavealreadybeenlocated"could
mean.
A.mostofthebestthingshavealreadybeenchanged
B.mostofthebestthingsremaintobechanged
C.therehaveneverbeensomanybestthingswaitingtobediscovered
D.mostsecretsoftheworldhavealreadybeendiscovered
42、JohnHorgan.
A.haspublishedabookentitledTheEndofScience
B.hasbeenworkingasamanagerofScientificAmerican
C.hasbeenworkingmanyyearsasaliterarycritic
D.isworkingasahistorywriter
43、Therehavenotbeenmanygenuinescientificrevolutionsinthepastfew
decadesbecause.
A.therehavebeendecreasedreturnsintheresearchoffundamentalscience
B.therearetoomanyimportantthingsforscientiststostudy
C.appliedscienceandengineeringtakeuptoomuchtimeandenergy
D.today*sscientistsarenotasintelligentasthoseinthepast
44、Theterm"theBigBang"inthefourthparagraphprobablyrefersto.
A.thegeneticcodetheory
B.ageologicaltheory
C.atheoryoftheoriginoftheuniverse
D.theoriginandthepowerofatomicenergy
45、Whichofthefollowingstatementsmaybetrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.Greatscientificdiscoverieswillneverbepossible.
B.Theharshchallengehastobemetbymodemscientists.
C.Thestatesponsorshipandscientificenterpriseareallinvain.
D.Thechanceforgreatscientificdiscoveriesbecomesscarce.
第5部分:补全短文
下面的短文有5处空白,短文后有6
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