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第一课

找寻主旨题的答案

在阅读理解的题目中主旨题主要考查读者对文章的主题思想、写作意图等的把

握。其常见的提问形式如下:

*Whatisthemain/generalideaofthepassage?

(文章的主要思想是什么?)

*Themainthemeofthepassageis___?

(文章的主题是?)

*Thepassageismainlyabout?

文章主要关于?

*Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

下面哪个可以作为文章的标题?

*Whatistheauthor'smainpoint?

作者主要想表达什么?

主旨题的答案通常可以在下面这些地方找到:

文章开头处

例文:

Whatwillmanbelikeinthefuture-in5,000oreven50,000yearsfromnow?

Wecanonlymakeguesses,ofcourse,butwecanbesurethathewi11bedifferentfrom

whatheistoday,formanisslowlychangingallthetime.

问题:

Thepassagemainlytellsusthat.

A.man,slifewillbedifferentinthefuture

B.manisgrowingtalleranduglierastimepasses

C.futuremanwilllookquitedifferentfromus

D.humanbeings'organswillfunctionweaker

解题:问题是要我们答出文章主要是讲述什么的。我们只要看看这句的第一段

就口J以得出答案了。第一段的第2句说道.wecanbesurethathewillbe

differentfromwhatheistoday...n,从这句话中,我们知道答案应为C。

文章结尾处

例文:

Apartfromlookingafterpeopleduringthedayatwork,womenoftenhavetotake

careoffamilyathometoo,whichmaymeantheyhavelessenergytocompleteintherace

forprofessionaldevelopment.Tnalmosteveryfield,toppositionsaremorelikelyto

befilledbymen.Whilemostteachersarewomen,forexample,mostheadmastersarenot.

Schoolcooksarewomen,headcooksaremenandevencleanerstendtobewatchedover

anddirectedbymalecaretakers.

问题:

Thewritermainlytellsusthat.

A.womenarekeptbusyalldaylong

B.womenusuallylearnthingsfasterthanmen

C.somewomenteacherscookbetterthantheirhusbands

D.somewomenhavetodocleaningatnight

解题:问题要求我们答出作者在文中主要说了些什么?从文章的最后一段,我们得知妇女们不管

在单位还是在家里都是非常忙碌,所以,选择A。

文章开头+文章结尾

例文:

In1826,aFrenchmannamedNiepceneededpicturesforhisbusiness.Buthewas

notagoodartist.Soheinventedaverysimplecamera.Heputitinawindowofhis

houseandtookapictureofhisgarden.Thatwasthefirstphoto.

Photographyalsobecameonekindofartbytheendofthe19thcentury.Somephotos

werenorjustcopiesoftherealworld.Theyshowedideasandfeelings,likeotherkinds

ofart.

问题:Thispassagetellsus.

A.howphotographywasdeveloped

B.howtoshowyourideasandfeelingsinpictures

C.howtotakepicturesintheworld

D.howtousedifferentcameras

解题:问题是要我们答出文章主要是讲述什么的。第一段中说大一个法国人需

要拍一张照片,我们得知这篇文章应该和拍照片有关。在看文章的最后一段的第

一句说到Photographyalsobecameonekindofartbytheendofthe19th

centwy”(在19世纪末期拍照也成了一门艺术),这样我们得知答案应该为A:

照片是如何发展起来的。

在文章中间部分

例文:

Tsittruethatchildrenlearnaforeignlanguagemoreefficientlythanadults?

Onthecontrary,researchstudiessuggestthattheoppositemaybetrue.Onereport,

on2,200DanishchildrenstudyingSwedish,concludedthattheteenagerslearnedmore,

inlesstime,thantheyoungerchiIdren.Anotherreport,onAmericanslearningRussian,

showedadirectimprovementofabilityovertheagerangetested,thatis,theability

tolearnincreasedastheageincreased,fromchildhoodtoadulthood.

问题:

Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?.

A.Teenagersaremoredifficulttoteachthanadults

B.DanishteenagerscanlearnSwedishfasterthanyoungerchildrencan

C.Adultsaremorelogicalthanchildrenare

D.Theabilitytolearnlanguagesincreaseswithage

解题:问题让我们答出ABCD四个句子哪一个能够最好的表达了文章的主要思

想。这个题目的答案出现在文章的中间部分。在上面的段落中,第一句提出了一

个问题“孩子是否比成年人更擅长学习外语呢”,作者接着话锋一转,说道“On

thecontrary,researchstudiessuggestthattheoppositemaybetrue."(研究表明事

实却与此相反)。下面还列举了丹麦的例r,故我们得出答案为九

窍门:这类题目,我们可以阅读每个段落的第一句话和最后一句话,这是因为段落的第一句

话和最后一句话总是有承上启下的作用。有时候这样读完后还是难以找到答案,此时我们可

以再读一读每段的第2句话,以此类推。下面举个实例:

例1

Whatwillmanbelikeinthefuture—in5,000oreven50,000yearsfromnow?Wecanonly

makeguesses,ofcourse,butwecanbesurethathewillbedifferentfromwhatheistoday,for

manisslowlychangingallthetime.

Letustakeanobviousexample.Man,evenfivehundredyearsago,wasshorterthanheis

today.Now,onaverage,menareaboutthreeinchestaller.Fivehundredyearsisarelativelyshort

periodoftime,sowemayassumethatmanwillcontinuetogrowtaller.Againinthemodern

worldweuseourbrainsagreatdeal.Evenso,westillmakeuseofonlyabout20%ofthebrain's

capacity(容量).Astimegoeson,however,weshallhavetouseourbrainsmoreandmore,and

finallyweshallneedlargerones!Thisislikelytobringaboutaphysicalchangetoo:thehead,in

particulartheforehead,willgrowlarger.

Nowadaysoureyesareinconstantuse.Infact,weusethemsomuchthatveryoftenthey

becomeweakerandwehavetowearglasses.Butoveraverylongperiodoftimeitislikelythat

man'seyeswillgrowstronger.

Ontheotherhand,wetendtomakelessuseofourarmsandlegs.These,asaresult,are

likelytogrowweaker.Atthesametime,however,ourfingerswillgrowmoresensitivebecause

theyareusedagreatdealinmodernlife.

Butwhatabouthair?Itwillprobablydisappearfromthebodyaltogetherincourseoftime

becauseitdoesnotserveausefulpurposeanylonger.Inthefuture,then,bothsexesarelikelyto

bebald.

Perhapsallthisgivestheimpressionthatfuturemanwillnotbeaveryattractivecreatureto

lookat!Thismaywellbetrue.Allthesame,inspiteofallthesechanges,futuremanwillstill

havealotincommonwithus.Hewillstillbeahumanbeing,withthoughtsandemotionssimilar

toourown.

问题是:Thepassagemainlytellsusthat.

A.man'slifewillbedifferentinthefuture

B.manisgrowingshorter

C.futuremanwilllookquitedifferentfromusnow

D.humanbeings,organswillnotfunctionproperly

[解析]c

题目问“本文主要告诉我们。”这个明显是个中心思想题,我们就按照上面提到的方

法来读一读每个段落的第一句和最后一句。第一段的第一句大意是“在5000年甚至是50000

年以后,人会是什么样子呢?”第一段的最后一句大意是“当然,我们只能猜测一番。但是

我们可以肯定的是人类将会和今天不同,因为人类也在不断的慢慢改变。”第2段的第一句

话大意是“让我们来看一个明显的例子吧。”第2段的最后一句话大意是“这有可能会带来

我们身体上的变化:头部,特别是额头将会变大。”第三段的第•句话大意是“如今,我们

的眼睛使用得比较频繁。”第三段最后一句大意是“但是很远的将来,人类的眼睛很可能会

变得更强壮」读到这里,其实我们已经可以看出本文主要讲述的就是未来的人类身体上可

能会发生改变,从而可知答案是C(未来的人类和现在的人类长得不同)。

例2

Sevenweeksafterthepowerful8.0earthquakeclaimedmorethan70,000livesinChina,

GailMcGovern,thenewpresidentandCEOoftheAmericanRedCrossisinChinaseeingthe

needsofthesurvivors.

“Thepurposeofthistripistobuildbridgesandtohaveanopeningforadialoguewiththe

peopleofChina,“McGovernsaid."JusttotellthemhowimportantChinaistoourcountryand

howmuchwewanttohelpthepeopleofChina.^^

McGovernandDavidMeltzer,seniorvicepresidentofInternationalServicesforthe

AmericanRedCross,alongseveralotherhumanitarianorganizationsandleadersofcorporations-

suchasProcterandGamble,Honeywell,Cisco,ChevronandJohnson&Johnson-traveledto

ChinaattheinvitationoftheU.S.Government'sAgencyforInternationalDevelopment(USAID)

OnMondayincityofYingxiu,theytalkedtostudentsandteacherswhosurvivedthe

collapseoftheirschoolsduringthequake.

“Byfarthemostheartbreaking,emotionalsightthatIsawwasattheprimaryschoolwhere

oneyounggirldescribedtheterrorandwhathappened/5McGovernsaid."Shedescribedlosing

herbrotherandlosingherfriendandthesounds;thatwasreallythemomentthatithitme:This

isn9tjustlookingatconstruction,it'slookingatbrokenlives.^^

TheAmericanRedCrosshascommitted$20milliontohelptheearthquakesurvivors

recoverandsenttworeliefexpertstotheaffectedarea.Laterthisweek,anotherreliefworkerwill

beheadingtoChinatoworkwiththeRedCrossSocietyinChinatosupportlonger-termrecovery

effortsandhelpdetermineadditionalneeds.

Althoughtherecoveryisfadingfromtheheadlines,greatneedsstillremain.Eventhough

McGovernhasonlybeeninhernewpositiontwoweeks,shesaysmeetingthesesurvivorshas

reaffirmedhercommitmenttotheorganization.(乡与302字)

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.theearthquakeinChina

B.thenewpresidentandCEOoftheAmericanRedCross

C.thevisitoftheleaderoftheAmericanRedCrosstotheearthquake-affectedareainChina

D.survivorsintheearthquakewhichhitChina

[1]C.本题问“本文主要内容是关于什么的?”这是中心思想题,•般来说我们可以通过阅

读每段的第一句和最后一句来得到答案。读了之后,我们发现文章多个段落讲述的都是一

个美国红十字会的领导到中国地震灾区的事情,所以答案是C°A的意思是“中国的地震”,

B的意思是“美国红十字会的新任总裁和首席执行官”,D的意思是“中国地震的幸存者”。

Passage1阅读下面的文章并找出答案:

Soldiersandothermilitarypeoplewearuniformswithvariousothersymbolsto

indicatetheirstatus.Butinthebusinessworldeveryonewearsmoreorlesssimilar

suits,andyoucannottellataglancewhorankshigherorlowerthananother.Sohow

dopeopleinthebusinessworldshowtheirsuperiority?

Anattempttostudythiswasmadebytworesearchersusingaseriesofsilentfilms.

Theyhadtwoactorsplaythepartsofanexecutive(经理)andavisitor,andswitchroles

eachtime.Thescenehadonemanathisdeskplayingthepartofanexecutive,while

theother,playingthepartofavisitor,knocksatthedoor,opensitandapproaches

thedesktodiscusssomebusinessmatter.

Theaudiencewatchingthefilmswasaskedtoratetheexecutiveandthevisitor

intermsofstatus.Acertainsetofrulesaboutstatusbegantoemergefromtheratings.

Thevisitorshowedtheleastamountofstatuswhenhestoppedjustinsidethedoorto

talkacrosstheroomtotheseatedman.Hewasconsideredtohavemorestatuswhenhe

walkedhalfwayuptothedesk,andhehadthemoststatuswhenhewalkeddirectlyup

tothedeskandstoodrightinfrontoftheseatedexecutive.

Anotherthingthataffectedthestatusofthevisitorintheeyesoftheobservers

wasthetimebetweenknockingandentering.Fortheseatedexecutive,hisstatuswas

alsoaffectedbythetimebetweenhearingtheknockandanswering.Thequickerthevisitor

enteredtheroom,thehigherstatushehad.Thelongertheexecutivetooktoanswer,

thehigherstatushehad.

问题:

Whichofthestatementscanbestsumupthepassage?

A.Theexecutivehasahigherstatusthanthevisitor.

B.Mlitarypeoplewearuniformsbutthebusinessmendonot.

*C.Astudyrevealingasetofrulesaboutthestatusofbusinessmen.

C

D.Itisagoodmethodtouseaseriesofsilentfilminresearch.

参考答案:C

正确反馈:答案应为:Astudyrevealingasetofrulesaboutthestatusofbusinessmen.题目让我们

找出卜面哪一个句子可以最好的总结出文章的大意,sumup意思为“总结”。文章的开头一段就可以

找大答案。文章的第一段说道,商业领域的人们都穿着大同小异的西服,所以很难从衣着来判断他们

的地位高低。第一段的最后一句有提出了一个问题:Sohowdopeopleinthebusinessworldshow

theirsuperiority?(商业领域的人士是如何表达自己地位高低的呢?)

Passage2阅读下面的文章并找出答案:

Theclimateofanyplaceisthekindofweather.Itusuallyhasoveralongperiod

oftime.Thekindofhomeswelivein,theclotheswewear,eventhefoodsweeat

dependontheclimateoftheplacewherewelive.Climateiscomplicated;itis

affectedbymanythings.Ifyoulivenearoneofthepoles,youliveinacoldclimate,

fbryoudonotgetasmuchdirectsunshineasyouwouldgetfartherfromthepoles.If

youliveneartheequator,youliveinawarmorveryhotclimate,forthisistheregion

wherethesunshinesalmoststraightdown.

Howmuchrainorsnowfallsmakesagreatdifferencetotheclimate.Youmay

liveinahot,dryland,wherelittlerainfalls.Thiswillbeadesert.Itsclimateisquite

differentfromthatofarainforest,whichmaybethesamedistancefromtheequator

butrainfallsalmosteveryday.Theamountofrainthatfallsorsnowinacoldland

dependsuponthewinds,uponthenearbymountains,anduponthecurrentsinnearby

seas.Rainfalldependsonmanydifferentthings.

问题:

Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.QimateandWeather

「B.QimateAroundtheWorld

°C.Qimate

C

D.Qimateindifferentcountries

答案应为:climateo题目让我为文章找出一个最好的标题。这其实也是主旨题。课文的第一段反复出现了

climate这个词,我们心里应该明白课文肯定与climate有莫大联系,在者整文并无出现国家,所以不应该

是“Climateindifferentcountries,而也谈不上是ClimateAroundtheWorld(世界气候),因为文章并没

有具体说明世界各地的气候是如何的。

Passage3阅读下面的文章并找出答案:

Thefirstautomobilewasinventedmorethantwohundredyearsago.Itused

steamforpowerandhadwoodenwheels.Thefirstautomobilemayhavebeen

simpleandprimitive,butitwasanextremelyimportantinvention.The

automobiletodayistheprimarymeansoflandtransportation.Ithas

producedmorechangesinourdailylifethananyothermachine.

Almostallgasolineenginesworkinthesameway-withfourmovements,

orstrokes,ofapistoninacylinder.Thefirststrokepullsthefuel

mixture(gasolineandair)intothecylinder.Thesecondstrokecompresses

thefuelmixture.Asparkplugproducesasparkthatignitesthefuel

mixtureandcausesthethirdstroke.Thefinalstrokeremovesanywaste

gaseswhichmightremaininthecylinder.

Theprecedingparagraphexplainswhathappensinsidethecylinder

tomakethepistonmove.Whenthepistonispusheddownbytheexplosion

inthethirdstroke,itpushestheconnectingrod.Thisrodrotatesthe

crankshaft.Thecrankshaftisconnectedtootherpartswhichturnthe

wheels.Mostcarstodayhavefour,six,oreightcylinders.

问题:

Agoodtitleforthisselectionis_____.

A.Automobiles

*B.HowaCarWorks

C

C.TheRrstCar

D.CarsandRoads

参考答案:B

正确反馈:答案应为:HowaCarWorks(汽车的工作原理)。题目让我为这篇文章选一个最好的标

题。答案可以在文章最后两段找到。最后两段主要讲述了汽车的工作方式。第一段只提到了汽车给人

们带来的影响,不过这并非是文章的主要内容。

第2课细节题

细节题考查学生对文章细节的把握,比如针对事情的发生时间、地点、原因等进行提问。对

于细节题,我们可以采用中心词定位法来解决。具体做法如下:首先我们阅读问题,在问题

中找出题干,这个题干可能是个或多个单词,这些单词即为这个题目的中心词。找到中心

词后,我们再在原文中定位这些中心词,一般来说问题的答案就出现在中心词所出现的句子

中。不过要提醒大家的是,有的时候原文中找不到我们认定的中心词,这是因为原文用了一

些同义词来替代这些中心词,这种情况就要求我们特别留意了。

例1

BarbaraJordan,oneofthemostrespectedlawyersandpoliticiansintheUnitedStates,was

thefirstblackwomanfromtheSouthtobeelectedtoCongress.

ShewasborninHouston,Texas,onFebruary21,1936.Rightfromthestart,shesethigh

standardsforherselfinschool.

Inhighschool,MissJordandecidedtobecomealawyer.AtTexasSouthernUniversityshe

studiedpoliticalscienceandhistoryandgraduatedin1956atthetopofherclass.By1959shehad

earnedalawdegreefromBostonUniversity.

MissJordanbeganpracticinglawatherparents'diningroomtable.Threeyearslatershe

openedherownoffice.

TherestlessMissJordanfirstbrokeintopoliticsin1966,becomingthefirstblackwoman

electedtotheTexassenate.Afteranimpressiverecordasastatesenator,sheenteredthenational

scene.

In1972shewonaseatintheU.S.HouseofRepresentatives.Duringhertimeinofficeshe

wasdevotedtohelpingminorities,thepoor,andtheelderly."Myapproachistorespectthe

humanityofeverybody,sheoncesaid.That'sjustthewayBarbaraJordanwas.

问题是:WhatdidshestudyatBostonUniversity?

A.HistoryandscienceB.Law

C.PoliticalscienceD.Politicsandhistory

[解析]题目问道:“她在波士顿大学学习什么?”这个明显是细节题,中心词是Boston

Universityo我们在原文中定位这两个中心词,发现它们出现在第三段的最后一句,该句大

意是“到了1959年,她已经在波士顿大学获得了一个法律学位J据此可知答案选择B。

例2

Sevenweeksafterthepowerful8.0earthquakeclaimedmorethan70,000livesinChina,

GailMcGovern,thenewpresidentandCEOoftheAmericanRedCrossisinChinaseeingthe

needsofthesurvivors.

“Thepurposeofthistripistobuildbridgesandtohaveanopeningforadialoguewiththe

peopleofChina,“McGovernsaid."JusttotellthemhowimportantChinaistoourcountryand

howmuchwewanttohelpthepeopleofChina.”

McGovernandDavidMeltzer,seniorvicepresidentofInternationalServicesforthe

AmericanRedCross,alongseveralotherhumanitarianorganizationsandleadersofcorporations-

suchasProcterandGamble,Honeywell,Cisco,ChevronandJohnson&Johnson—traveledto

ChinaattheinvitationoftheU.S.Government'sAgencyforInternationalDevelopment(USAID)

OnMondayincityofYingxiu,theytalkedtostudentsandteacherswhosurvivedthe

collapseoftheirschoolsduringthequake.

“Byfarthemostheartbreaking,emotionalsightthatIsawwasattheprimaryschoolwhere

oneyounggirldescribedtheterrorandwhathappened,MMcGovernsaid."Shedescribedlosing

herbrotherandlosingherfriendandthesounds;thatwasreallythemomentthatithitme:This

isn'tjustlookingatconstruction,it'slookingatbrokenlives.”

TheAmericanRedCrosshascommitted$20milliontohelptheearthquakesurvivors

recoverandsenttworeliefexpertstotheaffectedarea.Laterthisweek,anotherreliefworkerwill

beheadingtoChinatoworkwiththeRedCrossSocietyinChinatosupportlonger-termrecovery

effortsandhelpdetermineadditionalneeds.

Althoughtherecoveryisfadingfromtheheadlines,greatneedsstillremain.Eventhough

McGovernhasonlybeeninhernewpositiontwoweeks,shesaysmeetingthesesurvivorshas

reaffirmedhercommitmenttotheorganization.(共302字)

2.WhatisthepurposeofMcGovern'svisittoChina?

A.toshowthatshewasthenewleaderoftheAmericanRedCross

B.tobuildsomebridgesfortheearthquake-strickenareainChina

C.todobusinesswithChina

D.toprovidesomehelptothesurvivorsintheearthquake

⑵D.本题问“McGovern的中国之行有什么目的?”这是个细节题,可以采用中心词定位的

方法。中心词是“purpose”,答案在第二段。该段大意是“McGovern说道,'这趟中国

行的目的就是构筑交流的桥梁,就是开启和中国人民的对话之窗。''要告诉中国人民中

国对于我们国家是多么的重要,我们是多么的想帮助中国人民'。”从此处可以看出她的

中国行主要是来帮助灾区人民,所以D是答案。A的意思是“为了表明自己是美国红十

字会的新领导"B的意思是“为了给中国灾区修儿座桥”(此处明显是混淆大家视线的,

因为原文中有buildbridges的字样),C的大意是“为了和中国做生意”。

3.WhichofthefollowingdidnotcometoChinawithMcGovern?

A.peoplefromsomehumanitarianorganizations

B.leadersofsomeAmericancompanies

C.DavidMeltzer

D.Johnson

[3]D.本题问“下面哪些人没有和McGovern一起来中国?”这是细节题,可以先浏览选项然

后直接在原文中找答案。答案在第三段,第三段中提到来中国的有DavidMeltzer,他是

美国红十字会下属机构的一个领导人;还有人道主义机构的人员(humanitarian

organizations);还包括有•些大公司的领导人(leadersofcorporations)o也就是说A、

B、C都来中国了,所以D是答案。这里请注意,原文中的Johnson-Johnson(美国强生公

司)是一个公司的名称并非是指某个人。

4.WhatimpressedMcGovernmostduringhervisit?

A.studentsandteachers

B.whataprimaryschoolgirltoldher

C.thecollapseofbuildings

D.thesoundsoftheearthquake

[4]B.本题问“中国之行中什么让McGovern印象最深?”这是细节题,但是题干中的中心词

“impressed”似乎并没有在原文中出现,原文用了别的词来代替它。这也就是学位英语

的难度所在了。答案在第五段,该段大意是“'最让我心碎,动情的地方就是我在一所小

学的所见。有个小姑娘向我讲述了发生在那里的事情和她的恐惧,'McGovem说道,‘她

告诉我她失去了弟弟和伙伴,向我描述了可怕的声音,这一切真让我震惊:我们看到的不

仅有灾后的建设,而且有受伤的心灵。'”从这里可以看出,答案是B(•个小学女生告

诉她的话语)。

第3课推断题

推断题考查学生的逻辑推理问题。这类问题的答案不会直接H;现在文章中,而是文章的字里

行间里所暗示的意思。常见的提问形式如下:

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisimpliedbutNOTstated?

下面哪一句话是文章暗示的,而不是直接表达出来的意思?

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat__.

可以从文章中推测出.

3.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat__.

可以从文章中得出—.

解答推断题时切不可把原文中已明确陈述的事实作为答案。我们可以先浏览问题的四个选

项,这样有助于我们缩小解题的范围,然后再对每个选项进行判断即可找到答案。

例1:

AlbertEinsteinhadagreateffectonscienceandhistory,greaterthanonlyafewothermen

haveachieved.AnAmericanuniversitypresidentoncecommentedthatEinsteinhadcreatedanew

outlook,anewviewoftheuniverse.Itmaybesometimebeforetheaveragemindunderstands

fullytheidentifyoftimeandspaceandsoon——butevenordinarymenunderstandnowthatthe

universeissomethinglargerthaneventhoughtbefore.

By1914theyoungEinsteinhadgainedworldfame.Heacceptedtheoffertobecomea

professoratthePrussianAcademyofScienceinBerlin.Hehadfewduties,littleteachingand

unlimitedopportunitiesforstudy,butsoonhispeaceandquietnesswerebrokenbytheFirstWorld

War.

Einsteinhatedviolence.Themisery(悲惨)ofwaraffectedhimdeeply,andhesatunhappily

inhisofficedoinglittle.Helostinterestinhisresearch.Onlywhenpeacecamein1918washe

abletogetbacktowork.

IntheyearsfollowingWorldWarOnehonorswereincreasinglyheapedonhim.Hebecame

theheadoftheKaiserWhithemInstituteofTheoreticalPhysics.In1921hewontheNobelPrize,

andhewashonoredinGermanyuntiltheriseofNazismwhenhewasdrivenfromGermany

becausehewasaJew.

问题:Itmaybeconcludedthat.

A.AlbertEinsteinwasforcedtoserveintheGermanarmy

B.AlbertEinsteinhadnootherinterestsbesidesscience

C.Germansusuallyhaveahighrespectforscience

D.HisreputationwasruinedbecauseofhisworkduringWorldWarI

[解析]c

此题问“可以从文章得出_____。”这属于推断题,我们先要浏览选项。A的意思是“爱因斯

坦被迫在德军服役。”原文并没有提到和服兵役有关的内容,所以A错。B的大意是“爱因

斯坦只对科学感兴趣。”原文并没有强调爱因斯坦没有别的兴趣,所以我们推断不出B»C

的大意是“德国人通常很崇尚科学。”原文最后一段中说到,第一次世界大战后爱因斯坦在

德国获得了很多荣誉,直到法西斯上台后他才因为自己是犹太裔而被赶出德国。从这里可以

看出普通德国人确实很崇尚科学。D的大意是“爱因斯坦在第一战期间的工作使他的名誉受

到损害。”这与原文最后一段的意思不符,所以D是错误的。

例2

Hawaiiisdroppingtheonlystateuniversalchildhealthcareprograminthecountryjust

sevenmonthsafteritlaunched.

Gov.LindaLingle'sadministrationcitedbudgetshortfallsandotheravailablehealthcare

optionsforeliminatingfundingfortheprogram.Astateofficialsaidfamiliesweredropping

privatecoveragesotheirchildrenwouldbeeligibleforthesubsidized(资助)plan.

''Peoplewhowerealreadyabletoaffordhealthcarebegantostoppayingforitsothey

couldgetitforfree/saidDr.KennyFink,theadministratorforMed-QUESTattheDepartment

ofHumanServices."Idon'tbelievethatwastheintentoftheprogram.n

StateofficialssaidThursdaytheywillstopgivinghealthcoveragetothe2,000children

enrolledbyNov.1,butprivatepartnerHawaiiMedicalServiceAssociationwillpaytoextend

theircoveragethroughtheendoftheyearwithoutgovernmentsupport.

"We'reverydisappointedinthestate'sdecision,anditcameasacompletesurprisetous,”

saidJenniferDiesman,aspokeswomanforHMSA,thestate'slargesthealthcareprovider.nWe

believetheprogramisworking,andgivenHawaii'seconomicuncertainty,wedon'tthinknowis

thetimetocutallfundingforthiskindofprogram.',

Hawaiilawmakersapprovedthehealthplanin2007asawaytoensureeverychildcanget

basicmedicalhelp.TheKeiki(child)Careprogramaimedtocovereverychildfrombirthto18

yearsoldwhodidn'talreadyhavehealthinsurance—mostlyimmigrantsandmembersof

lower-incomefamilies.(共249字)

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.AllthechildreninHawaiihavehealthinsurance.

B.Somefamiliesarecheatingthegovernmenttogethelpfromthechildhealthcareprogram.

C.TheHawaiigovernmenthastostoptheprogrambecausesomefamiliesarecheatinginthe

program.

D.HawaiiMedicalServiceAssociationisthelargesthealthcareproviderintheUnitedStates.

[5]B.本题问“从文章可以推测出什么?”这是推断题,解题的第一步是先看看选项。A的

意思是“夏威夷的所有孩子都有医疗保险。"B的意思是“有些家庭通过欺骗政府来获

得儿童医疗保障项目的资助。"C的意思是“夏威夷政府因为很多家庭在项目中作弊额

而不得不停止该项目。”D的意思是“夏威夷医疗服务委员会是美国最大的医疗救助提

供机构。”从最后一段,我们可以知道并非所有的夏威夷儿童都有医疗保险,所以A是

错误的。从第三段我们可以看出有些家庭本来付得起医疗费,但是他们为了得到项目的

资助却不想自己来支付,所以这也是一种欺骗行为,B是可以推测出来的。而C是不对

的,因为夏威夷政府停止这个项目的原因并不仅仅因为有些家庭作弊,还有其他的一些

原因,比如财政预算不足等等。而倒数第二段中说夏威夷医疗服务委员会是夏威夷最大

的医疗救助提供机构,并非是整个美国最大的,所以D也是错误的。

第4课

词汇题:考查的是文章中出现的某些生词的含义。提问方式:

*Thewordinline5refersto___.

第五行的”词语指的是—.

*By“***,theauthormeans___.

作者用“**”指的是—.

解答方案:

词汇题考查文章中出现的某些单词或者短语的意思。常见的提问形式如下:

1.Theword"inline5refersto.

第五行的“……”指的是O

2.Bytheauthormeans.

作者用“……”指的是。

3.Theunderlinedword"…"inparagraphtwomeans.

第二段的下划线单词”……”的意思是。

对于词汇题,我们的解题思路和细节题相似,那就是我们要在原文中找到该词汇出现的句子,

通常这个句子会提供一些信息让我们了解或者猜测这个词汇的意思。如果该句没有这种信

息,我们可以读一读其前后句。所以,我们通过阅读这个句子再对照题目的四个选项i般都

可以选择出正确答案。那么我们要如何才能在原句中找到有助于我们猜测单词意思的信息

呢?我们可以从下面几个方面来考察:

1.利用文章中对该词语的释义来猜测。句子可能会对该词作解释或者暗示,比如有一个同

义词或者同位语或者定语从句来解释这个生词。

例:Iwantedtobuy10roses,butthefloristhandedme10Chinaroses.

[解析]本句大意是“我想买10支玫瑰,可是这个florist却递给我10支月季。”从这话中,

我们可知说话人在买花,而那个给他月季的florist相必就是“花商(花店店主”

2.利用文章中对该词语的举例来猜测。

例:Wehavejustmovedintoanewapartment,soweneedtobuyalotofappliances,suchasaTV

setandawashingmachine.

[解析]本句大意是“我们刚搬入一个新的公寓,所以我们需要购买很多appliances,比如一

个电视机和一个洗衣机。”根据后面的“电视机”和“洗衣机”,我们可以知道appliances的

意思应该是“家用电器”。

3.根据对比关系来猜测词语的意思。

例:Inoldtimes,fewnoblepersonseverspoketothoseofhumbleorigins.

[解析]本句大意是“在旧时代,没有多少贵族愿意和那些出身humble的人讲话。”从前面的

“贵族”,我们可以知道后面的“

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