2025高考英语步步高大一轮复习讲义人教版知识清单1

2025高考英语步步高大一轮复习讲义人教版知识清单必修第二册Unit1CulturalHeritage1．Theyhaveapureblue-greencolorlikeamirrorandproduceametalsoundwhenknocked(状语从句的省略)．2．Given(熟词生义：prep.考虑到)theirhighcost，theyareproperlycalledthegoldenbricks.3．Kunquopera，oneoftheoldestexistingformsofChineseopera，camefromKunshanofwhatisnowSuzhouCity(what引导的宾语从句，此处what表示“……的地方”)inJiangsuProvince.4．Withglobalwarmingheatingup(with的复合结构：with＋宾语＋宾补)thetemperature，itwillsoonbetoohottositoutsideincafes.5．As(引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如”)Leizerintroduced，theenergyisfromthepressurecreatedbetweenliquidnitrogenandgasnitrogen.6．Itisthatmechanicalenginethatslowlyreleasesfreezingnitrogengastocooldowntheairaroundit.(强调句：Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who...)7．Asfor(至于，关于)thepotentialprice，itwillprobablybenomoreexpensivethananyotherairconditioner.8．Inaddition(此外)，theliquidnitrogencontainerwillneedtobereplacedeveryseventotendays，dependingon(取决于)usage.9．CengizOzeksitsathisdeskinthepoorlylit(adj.照明不佳的，灯线昏暗的)backofficeofhisshadowtheaternearTaksimSquareincentralIstanbul.10．Todate(到目前为止，迄今)，scholarshavenotbeenabletodeterminewherethistypeoftheaterbegantoexist.11．Intheend，theyweresentencedtodeath(被判处死刑)．12．Heritageisalwayssomethingthatispasseddown(传承)byfamiliesorothergroupsformanyyears.13．Onewaytothinkaboutheritageistobreakitdown(分解)intothreegroups.break常用短语：breakdown(机器等)出故障；情绪崩溃；(身体等)垮掉；(谈判等)失败；分解，把……分成若干部分breakup关系破裂；分手；解散breakinto强行进入；突然开始(笑、唱、跑等)breakin闯入，非法进入breakout(战争、火灾、疾病等不好的事情)突然发生，爆发breakthrough突破；战胜breakawayfrom突然挣脱，逃脱；脱离Unit2WildlifeProtection1．Igrabbed(v.攫取，抓住)mycameraandcarefullypositioned(熟词生义：v.采取某种姿势或位置以适应某种情况或环境)myselftotakethiswildlifeencounter(n.偶遇)．2．Iwastheretoshoot(熟词生义：v.拍摄电影、照片等)astoryaboutislandrestorationintheSeychelles，farofftheeastcoastofAfricaintheIndianOcean.3．Untilroughly(adv.粗略地，大约)themiddleofthepastcentury，thesmallislandnationshowedsignsofrealenvironmentalkilling—localvegetationcleared(独立主格结构)tomakewayfor(为……让路)coconutplantations，foreignratsandmicerunninguncontrolled(独立主格结构)，nativeseaturtlesandgianttortoisesbeingexploited(独立主格结构)．4．Inthelateafternoonorearlyevening，whenever(引导让步状语从句)they’dfinishedeating，thetortoiseswoulddropthemselvesdownandfallasleep(入睡)withtheirheadsoutstretched(with的复合结构：with＋宾语＋宾补)5．Askthetouristsfromaroundtheworldthatfloodinto(涌入)YellowstoneNationalParkwhattheymosthopetosee，andtheiranswerisoftenthesame：agrizzlybear.6．Grizzlybearsarere-occupyinglargeareasoftheirformerrange(n.分布区域；领地)．7．Asgrizzlybearsexpandtheirrangeintoplaceswheretheyhaven’tbeenseeninacenturyormore，they’reincreasinglybeingsightedby(被看到；被目击)humans.8．Obviously，ifprecautionsaren’ttaken，grizzliescanbecometroublesome，sometimeskillingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchof(寻找)food.9．Thisinturn(反过来)canbedangerous，bothfordolphinsandhumans.10．RescuebiologistBrittanyBaldricasaid，“Thegoalwasjusttobeabarrierthatwasnovel(熟词生义：adj.新奇的，新颖的)totheanimal...”11．Horses，SpongeBobandtheMonkeyKingfromChineselegend(n.传说)—youprobablywouldn’texpecttoseethiscollectionofanimals，popculturaliconsandmythologicalcreaturesflying(see的复合结构：see＋宾语＋doing)togetherinthesky，butthiseventhappenseveryyearinWeifang，theWorldKiteCapitalinShandongProvince.12．Morethan10,000participants(n.参与者)fromover30countriesandregionsaroundtheworldcompete(v.竞争)inthefestivaleverypetev．竞争；参加比赛，常用作不及物动词，后接宾语时需加介词。competein参加比赛(或竞赛)；competewith/against与……竞争/比赛；competefor为了……而竞争competitionn．竞争，比赛competitorn．比赛者，参赛者Nearly12,000competitorsfrom45nationsandregionscompetedfor481goldmedalsinHangzhouAsianGames.Unit3TheInternet1．Astheworldhaschanged，sohaseducation.(“so＋助动词＋主语”是部分倒装结构，表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也适用于后者)2．Butshedidnotlosesightof(忘记)herorigins.3．TechLitAfricaruns(熟词生义，此处为动词，意为“开设”)itsowncurriculumwithitsownsoftwareprogramsin10Kenyanschools，andthehopeistoincreaseto100throughoutAfricabynextyear.4．Thestudentslovelearningaboutcomputers，andinturn(相应地，转而)aregainingskillsthatwillhelpthemmakeuseof(利用)theirtalentsintoawayoutofpoverty.5．Amachinecannownotonlybeatyouatchess，itcanalsooutperform(胜过)youindebate.6．WhatHammondisreferringto(提及)isthequestionofmeaning，andmeaningiscentraltowhatdistinguishestheleastintelligentofhumansfrom(区分)themostintelligentofmachines.7．Itisthisthatdistinguisheshumansfrommachines.[强调句型：Itis(was)＋被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)＋that/who(当强调主语且主语指人)＋其他部分。]8．While(引导让步状语从句)therearenumerousdevices(众多的设备)inthemarkettosimulatethesenseoftouchinthevirtualworld(虚拟世界)，theyprovideonlytouchsensingortouchresponse.9．Theuniqueness(n.独特性)ofthenovele-skinisthatitcanperformself-sensingandtouchreproducingfunctionsonthesameinterface(n.界面)．10．Theactuatorservesas(充当)thecore(adj.核心的，最重要的)partofthee-skin.11．Next，theresearchteamwillfocusonpracticalapplications(n.应用)forpeoplewithvisualdisability(视觉障碍)，whocouldwearthee-skintogainremotedirectionalguidanceandreadBraille(布莱尔盲文)messages.12．Whenlandingajob(状语从句的省略)，you’llputyourselfintounfamiliarterritoryandlearnhowtosurviveanddevelopthere.13．Whetherit’slearninganewskillor(无论……还是……)dealingwithatoughboss，youmustrelyon(依靠，依赖)yourselfforsolutions，throughwhich(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)youcanbuildupyourself-belief.14．Hangingaroundallsummer(动名词作主语)isagreatwaytorelax，butitwon’tcontributeto(有助于，促成)yourtimemanagementskill.15．Withloadsof(很多的)freetime，you’lllikelynothavetoflexyourtime-managementmuscles.16．Asummerjobhelpszeroinon(集中注意力于)yourlikesanddislikes(喜好和厌恶)toevaluateyourstrengths(优势，强项)andresolveyourweaknesses(缺点，短板)．17．Chancesarethat(很有可能)yoursocialcircleiscomprisedof(由……组成)peopleinyouragegroup.Unit4HistoryandTraditions1．Scientistshavesolvedapuzzle(解决难题)aboutmodernhumans，afterresearchshowedthatafamousskullofahumanancestorfoundinSouthAfricaisamillionyearsolderthanexpertsthought.2．TogetamoreaccurateageforMrsPles，ateamledbyProfessorDarrylGrangerofPurdueUniversityinIndiana，US，usedanewmethodtodate(熟词生义：vt.测定年代)thesandyrockswheretheskulllay.3．AnewstudyanalyzingstonetoolsfromsouthernChinaprovidestheearliestevidenceofriceharvesting，datingto(追溯到)asearlyas10,000yearsago.4．Theresearchersexamined52flakedstonetoolsfromtheShangshanandHehuashansites，thelatterofwhichwasoccupied(v.占领，占据)byShangshanandKuahuqiaocultures.①occupyv．占据(空间，时间)；使忙于(做某事)；占领occupyoneself使忙碌，忙于……②occupiedadj.已占用的；无空间的beoccupiedwithsth/beoccupied(in)doingsth忙于做某事③occupationn．工作，职业；占领Withtheirchinsontheirhands，thestudentsoccupythemselvesbystaringoutofthewindow.IhavebeensooccupiedwithmyhomeworkthatIcan’tspareanytimetogowithyou.5．“What’sinterestingaboutricephytolithsisthatricehuskandleavesproducedifferentkindsofphytolith，whichenabledustodetermine(enablesbtodo使某人能够)howthericewasharvested，”saysWang.6．Itwascomprisedof(由……组成)solitaryblossomsofmanyvarietiesthatshouldn’treallygotogetheryetsomehowdid.7．ThemoreIunderstoodwhattheflowersweresaying，themoreIstartedtorememberthewomanwhomighthaveearnedthembeforeIseparatedmyselffromeveryoneandeverything.(“the＋比较级……，the＋比较级……”结构)8．Itisadistinctvisualcontrastthatshouldn’twork(熟词生义：vi.奏效；产生预期的结果)，but/yetsomehowthesetwoverydifferentworldsmakeagoodcombination.Unit5Music1．Fromthewindow，Isawanoldmanwearingglassesadjusting(see的复合结构：see＋宾语＋宾补)thebridge(熟词生义：n.琴马)onaviolin.2．Istoodthere，surprised(形容词作主补)，ashehandedittome.3．Myheartpoundingwithexcitement(独立主格结构)，Iheadedfor(朝……前进/移动)thepark.4．Imadeatonof(许多)friendsthere.5．Streamingservices(流媒体服务)haveseen(熟词生义：v.历经，目睹)anexplosionoftracksinthelastyearconsistingentirelyof(由……组成)recordingsofrainfall，oceanwavesandwinds.6．Theysetaside(留出)atotalpotforroyalties，whichisthendividedupbetweendistributors，recordlabels，recordingartistsandsongwriters.set常用短语setaboutdoingsth＝setouttodosth开始干某事setaside暂时不考虑；省出，留出(钱、时间、土地等)setup建立，创立，设立setdown放下，记下setoff出发，动身；引起，激起；使……爆炸7．Itiscomprisedof(由……组成)arangeof(一系列的)contemporarystyles，includingPop，Reggae，Country，HeavyMetal，HipHop，andFolk.8．JeremyCharles，akeyfigure(人物)ingettingthisalbumofftheground(帮助启动或推动一件事情的进行)，hassaidthat“themusicwillshineaspotlighton(使……注意或关注)Cherokeeartistsandspeakers，andincreaseexposureof(增加对……的接触)ourcultureandlanguageworldwide”．9．Theyoungestcontributor(贡献者；撰稿人)onthealbum，LillianCharles，isonlyinthe8thgradebuthadamajorcontributiontotheGoth-popsongCircus—asongshewroteattheageof12.10．Onaverage(平均而言)，anativelanguageislostforevereverytwoweeks，andthesepeoplewanttomakesurethattheCherokeelanguageisn’toneofthem.11．Seen(过去分词作状语)fromthefootofthemountain，theskywasgrayandcloudy.12．Theroadwasmoreslippery(adj.湿滑的)thanthedaybefore，sowehadnochoicebutto(别无选择而只好)getdownfromourhorsesandwalkedonfoot.13．Thousandsofball-shapedobjectsfloated(v.飘浮)slowlyinthedistance，shininggoldenbeamsoflight，asthough(引导虚拟语气)thewholeskywerefilledwithcountlessglowinglanterns.14．Meanwhile，wealljustfroze(熟词生义：v.因害怕等停住不动)there，speechless[adj.(因气愤、震惊、惊讶等)说不出话的，无语的]withwonder，appreciatingtheincredible(adj.不可思议的，难以置信的)views.必修第三册Unit1FestivalsandCelebrations1．Overthenextweek，asmybankaccount(银行账户)grewsmaller，Icrazilyappliedfor(申请)jobs，butIwasdefeated.2．Inoticedawomanwithshortwhitehairstruggling(notice的复合结构：notice＋宾语＋宾补)toopenhercardooragainstthewind.3．Shewasfired(熟词生义：v.解雇)unexpectedly.4．TheFestivalwascommittedto(致力于)presentingawidemixofworldartistsaswellasofferinga“passporttotheworld”programofevents,manyofwhichwerefree(adj.不收费的)toall.5．Adefinite(adj.确定的)highlight(n.亮点)willbethespectacular(adj.壮观的，令人惊叹的)audio-visualshowHotelKiev，anight-timevisualmontageprojected(熟词生义：vt.投射)ontothefrontwalloftheRoyalMarineHotel.6．Withadiverseworldmusicline-up(n.阵容，节目安排)，foodfairs，artexhibitions，workshopsandculturaldemonstrationsaswellasaFestivalnewspaperandnightlyFestivalClubwhereIrishartistsjam(熟词生义：v.即兴演奏)withworldmusicians，thisfamily-friendlycelebrationisaround-tripticket(往返票)toaworldofculture.7．Andearlierthisyear，Abdullahlaunched(v.发动，发起；上市，发行)aneweffort(熟词生义：n.有组织的活动)tobuildtheworld’slargestcoralnurseryintheRedSea.8．Whileoffering(状语从句的省略)sacrificetotheZaowangye，peopleplacecandy，water，beansandhayonthetableinfrontoftheZaowangyeimage.9．Aboveall(最重要的是；尤其是)，itsuggestsanewyearwithanewimageandexpressesthegoodwishesofChinesepeopletoringouttheOldYearandringintheNewYear.Unit2MoralsandVirtues1．Thisisagreatadditiontoayoungkid’scollection，asaremindertoholdtighttodreams(紧握梦想)andnevergiveup.2．Kidswilllovereadinghisstoryabouthowhefacedchallengesandadvancedahead(取得进步)，andhealsoincludesDIYexperimentsforkidstotry，andasectionoffull-colorphotographs.3．Wequicklycreatedanaccount(账号)onapetsittingwebsiteandbegansearchingforoptions.accountn．账户；网络账号；描述，报告；说明，解释v．认为是；视为Iopenedabankaccount(银行账户)afterImade$10,000bydoingapart-timejobduringthesummervacation.Whilethisbooktellsthestoriesoffamouspeopleinhistory，italsogivesanaccountof(讲述/描写)thecommonindividuals.短语：onaccountof因为，由于onnoaccount决不takeaccountof/oaccount把……考虑在内；顾及accountfor解释，说明；是……的原因；占(一定数量或比例)Theriseofhousepricescanaccountfor(解释)thefactthatmanyyoungpeoplecannotaffordtobuyahouse.Bodylanguageaccountsfor(占)55%ofafirstimpressionwhilewhatyousayjust7%.4.Therewereonlyacoupleofsitsavailableinthatpartoftheworld，butwetriedourluck，sentarequest，andtooursurprise(toone’ssurprise令某人惊讶的是)landed(熟词生义，此处为动词，意为“成功得到，赢得”)athree-monthjobinGrenada，soouryearwasgoingtobetakenupwith(专心于，致力于)Caribbeanpetsits.5．Themorewelookedintoplasticpollution，themorewerealizedtheseverityoftheglobalplasticpollution.(“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”结构)6．Weloveconnectingwith(与……联系，沟通)like-minded(志趣相投的)people.7．It’sbeenamazingfewyearsthatwassparked(引发，触发)byaconversationaboutpetsitting.8．Formuchofhumanhistory，ethicalbehaviorhasbeenguidedbytheGoldenRule：dotoothersas(引导方式状语从句)youwouldhavethemdotoyou.9．Thecaredoctor，afterseeinghertwisted(扭曲的)body，wasweighing(认真考虑，权衡)whethertoinsertabreathingtubewhenheaskedChochinovastrangequestion：DidEllenreadmagazines?10．Ellenreadwidelyandenjoyedmanysimplepleasuresoflife，butthegapbetweenherlifeasapersonwhousesawheelchairandthedoctor’ssenseofwhathewouldwantinhersituationwastoovasttobebridged(熟词生义，此处为动词，意为“弥合，消除”)bytheGoldenRule.11．Timeisalimitedresourceinthehealth-caresystem，andthere’snodenyingthat(不可否认的是)gettingtoknowapatientasanindividualmeansinvesting(meandoingsth意味着做某事)additionalminutesorhours.12．Thetermwascoined[熟词生义：v.创造(新词语)]byJudithRamaleywhileadirectoratNationalScienceFoundationin2001.13．Oneofthelatestphilosophies(n.思想体系；人生哲学，生活或工作准则)gainingsteam(迅猛增长)isaddinganartscomponent(n.组成部分，成分)totheSTEMeducationalfocus，thus，creatingtheSTEMvs.STEAMdebate.14．ThebelieversinSTEMeducationwantthefocustoremainonthecore(adj.核心的，最重要的)STEMprinciples(n.原则；道义；基本法则)．Unit3DiverseCultures1．ItisprobablynotallthatsurprisingtofindoutthattheBigApple(俚语，指的是“纽约城”)isoneofthemostglobalcitiesintheworld.2．Youcanhearover800languagesinNewYorkCitybeingspoken(hear的复合结构：hear＋宾语＋宾补)onadailybasis(每天)．3．So，youaresuretomeetlargecommunitiesofpermanent(adj.永久的，长期的)residentswhoareforeign-born.4．Ifyou’veeveremerged(从……出现)fromtheshowerorreturnedfromyourwalkwithacleverideaorasolutiontoaproblemyouhadbeenstrugglingwith(省略关系代词的定语从句)，itmaynotbeasurprise.5．“Peoplealwaysgetsurprisedwhentheyrealizetheygetinteresting，novel(熟词生义：新颖的)ideasatunexpectedtimes，”saysKalinaChristoff，ascientistattheUniversityofBritishColumbiainVancouver，“becauseourculturetellsusthatweshoulddoitthroughhardwork.”6．“Simplyput(简单来说，简言之)，itisastatethat(引导定语从句)yourbrainreturnstowhenyou’rerelaxed，”explainsChristoff.7．“Bycontrast(相比之下)，whenyou’reworkingonademanding(adj.费时费力的)task，thebrain’sexecutivecontrol(EC)systemskeepyourthinkingfocused，analytical，andlogical(keep＋宾语＋宾补的复合结构)．”demandingadj.费时费力的，要求高的Thepickingactivityisphysicallydemanding，butweallfeltexcited.demandv．强烈要求；需要，需求demandtodosth要求做某事；demand＋that宾语从句(常用should表虚拟，should可省略)。Idemandedtoseeherimmediately，butgotturneddown.Ourteacherdemandedthatalltheentries(should)besubmittedbyFriday.n．要求；需求，需求量demandandsupply需求与供应；beindemand需求大的；ondemand一经要求meet/satisfyone’sdemands满足某人的要求8.“Acautionarynote：While(引导让步状语从句，意为“尽