M受体阻断药阿托品课件

ATROPINE阿托品MUSCARINICANTAGONIST

Atropine,blockmuscarinicreceptors,causing

inhibitionofallmuscarinicfunctions.

thronapple(曼陀罗)【Sourceandchemistry】:alkaloid

生物碱

Stramonium曼陀罗

Belladonna颠茄

【Mechanism

】:blockmuscarenicreceptorsAtropine

hasahighaffinityformuscarinicreceptors.

Atropineisbothacentralandperipheralmuscarinicblocker.CompetitionofatropinewithacetycholinefortheMR

药动学

Absorption:

readily

Distribution:

bloodbrainbarrier

Metabolism:partiallybytheliverElimination:

primarilyintheurine

Half-life:

4hoursItsgeneralactionslastabout4hoursexceptwhenplacedtopicallyintheeye,wheretheactionmaylastfordays.

【Pharmacokinetics

】

1.Eye:

mydriasis散瞳

unresponsivenesstolight

cycloplegia调节麻痹

intraocularpressure2.Gastrointestinal(Gl):

胃肠道

ReduceactivityoftheGltract—antispasmodic

HydrochloricacidproductionisnotaffectedMYDRIASIS

EyetreatedwithatropineLearnbyheart!【DrugActions

】3.Cardiovascular:

divergenteffectsdependingon

心血管

thedose

Low

doses

→Cardiacrate(Bradycardia)→

blockadeoftheM1（位于突触前膜）→ACH

higher

doses

→

Cardiacrate(Tachycardia)

→blockedtheMR（位于突触后膜）

attoxiclevels→Arterialbloodpressureisaffected

→dilatethecutaneousvasculature

4.Urinarysystem:

泌尿系统

Reducehypermotilitystatesof

theurinarybladder5.Secretions:

腺体分泌

Rlocksthesalivaryglandsontheoralmucousmembranes→xerostomiaSweat→elevatedbodytemperature

Lacrimalglands→xerophthalmia

1.Ophthalmic:

眼

MeasurementofrefractiveerrorsInducean

attackto

narrowangleglaucoma.2.Antispasmodicagent:解痉剂

Atropineisusedasanantispasmodicagent

torelaxthegastrointestinaltractandbladder.

Enuresis

→amongchildren

Learnbyheart!【Therapeuticuses】

临床应用

3.Asantidoteforcholinergicagonists:解毒剂

Organophosphate

有机磷中毒

Mushroompoisoning

蘑菇中毒

4.Antisecretoryagent:抗分泌剂

Blocksecretionsintheupperandlowerrespiratorytractspriortosurgery.

Amonitamuscaria

毒蝇鹅膏菌:有毒,含毒蝇碱

BLURREDVISION视力模糊CONFUSION意识混乱MYDRIASIS散瞳CONSTIPATION便秘

URINARYRETENTION尿潴留Adverseeffectscommonlyobservedwithatropine【Adverseeffects】不良反应

Drymouth

Blurredvision;sandyeyes;mydriasisandcycloplegiaTachycardiaConstipationUrinaryretentionCNS:

Restlessness,confusion,hallucinations,deliriumDepression

Circulatoryandrespiratorysystemscollapse

DeathDependingonthedose:AIM:

Masterythedrugaction,therapeuticusesandadverseeffectofatropine.FOCALPOINT:Drugaction,mechanismandtherapeuticusesofatropine.DIFFICULTPOINT:Differenceofsensitivenessofreceptortodifferentpositionofatropine;tothecardiovascular,especiallythefunctionoftheeye.SummaryPharmacology.MagaliTaylor,PeterReide,DanielHort