《物流专业英语（第4版）》高职全套教学课件

实用物流专业英语（第四版）

全套可编辑PPT课件AnIntroductiontoBusinessLogistics

PartI

DefinitionofBusinessLogistics

PartII

SampleCommunications

PartIII

PracticalReadings163PartI

DefinitionofBusinessLogistics对许多人来说，当“七个正确(SevenRights)”提供了物流的一个良好的功能定义时，往往会涉及到哪些内容呢？其实，“七个正确(SevenRights)”表明：一名物流师的工作就是要确保将正确数量的正确产品在正确的时间内和正确的条件下以正确的价格在正确的地点送到正确的客户手中。物流还可以简练地表述为：“物流的意意思是在正确的地点、正确的时间得到正确的东西。”

Formanypeople,whatisoftenreferredtoasthe“SevenRights”providesagoodworkingdefinitionoflogistics.The“SevenRights”statesthatthelogistician’sjobistoensuretheavailabilityoftherightproductattherighttimeintherightquantityintherightconditionattherightplacefortherightcustomerattherightcost.Logisticscanalsobebrieflydescribedlikethis:Logisticsmeanshavingtherightthing,attherightplace,attherighttime.PartI

DefinitionofBusinessLogistics

Businesslogisticsreferstoagroupofrelatedactivitiesallinvolvedinthemovementandstorageofproductsandinformation-fromthesourcesofrawmaterialsthroughtofinalconsumersandbeyondrecyclinganddisposal.Businesslogisticsisarelativelynewtermandconceptinmodernbusinessvocabulary;itsoriginscanbetracedbacktoWorldWarIIwhentheabilitytomobilizepersonnelandmaterialwascriticaltotheoutcomeofthewar.商业物流涉及一些列有关的活动，所有这些活动都发生在产品的搬移、仓储以及通过最终客户来自于原料资源的信息，而且远远超过了回收和废品处理的概念。相对来说，商业物流在现代商业词汇里是一个新术语、新概念，其源头可追溯到第二次世界大战，那时人员和补给的转移能力对战争的结果起着至关重要的作用。PartI

DefinitionofBusinessLogistics

Inthe1960sand1970sthetermsphysicaldistribution,distribution,materialsmanagement,andphysicalsupplywerecommon.Physicaldistributionanddistributionrefertotheoutboundflowofgoodsfromtheendoftheproductionprocesstotheconsumer;physicalsupplyandmaterialsmanagementrefertotheinboundflowofmaterialtotheproductionprocess.Astheimportanceofcoordinatingtheentireflowofmaterialfromtherawmaterialstotheendconsumerbecamerecognized,thetermbusinesslogisticsbecamewidelyusedtoreflectthebroadeningoftheconcept.Today,thetermsupplychainmanagementiscomingintousetoreflecttheimportanceofformingalliancesandpartnershipstostreamlinetheflowofmaterials.Businesslogisticsremainsthedominant,all-encompassingtermforthisimportantconceptatthistime.

二十世纪六十至其实年代，像物流、配送、物料管理和物资供应之类的术语很普遍了。物流和配送涉及到产品从生产流程末端到用户手里的向外运输过程；物资供应和物料管理涉及到物料由内向生产流程方向的流动。当协调从原材料向产品的最终用户整个物流过程的重要性被人们所公认，商业物流这个术语被广泛使用，来反映物流概念的拓展。当今，供应链管理这个术语正付储使用，以反映组建联盟和合作伙伴关系，使物流称为流水线的重要性。在这个时代，商业物流仍然占有统治地位，这一重要概念已成为包罗万象的术语。PartI

DefinitionofBusinessLogistics

Althoughthesedefinitionsreferprimarilytomanagingtheflowofgoods,businesslogisticsisalsoimportantinserviceorganizations.Itisimportanttorecognizethatallfirmsproducebothgoodsandservices,somemoreofonethantheother,thatallfirmspurchasesuppliesandthatallmustmeetorexceedcustomerexpectations.虽然这些基本概念涉及到物流管理，但是商业物流在服务性组织里仍然很重要。重要的是认识到，所有企业都提供商品和服务，而有些企业比其他企业能提供更多的商品和服务;所有的企业都购买供应品和必须满足或超越顾客的期望。PartI

DefinitionofBusinessLogistics

Totheorganization,businesslogisticsisimportantinseveralways.First,businesslogisticsprovidesanopportunityforthefirmtocreateasustainablecompetitiveadvantageforitselfbydesigningasystemwhichfulfillscustomers’needsbetterthanthecompetition.Forexample,thefirmcouldofferfaster,moreaccurate,andmoreconsistentorderfillinganddeliverythancompetitorsarecapableofproviding.Secondly,duetoitscomplexity,asuperiorlogisticssystemisaproprietaryassetthatcannotbeeasilyduplicated.Manyfirmshavebeguntoviewbusinesslogisticsasaneffectivecompetitiveweapon.(Source:)对于组织而言，在一些方面商业物流很重要。首先，商业物流给贸易公司本身创造了一个稳定的竞争优势，这一优势是由公司自己设计的管理系统最大限度地满足用户需要，而不是要加剧竞争来实现。例如，公司能比那些有能力提供的竞争对手更快地、更精确地、更具持续性地提供订单和配送服务。其次，由于物流本身的复杂性，一个高级的物流系统就是资产所有权的实体，是不可能被轻易复制的。许多公司已经开始考虑将商业物流作为一件有效的竞争武器。(来源于:www.)·PartI

DefinitionofBusinessLogistics

Globaloperationsincreaselogisticscostandcomplexity.Estimated1997logisticscostforindustrializednationsexceeded$5trillion,or13.4percentofestimatedglobalGrossDomesticProduct(GDP).Intermsofcomplexity,globaloperations，incontrasttodomestic,arecharacterizedbyincreaseduncertaintyanddecreasedabilitytocontrol.Uncertaintyresultsfromgreaterdistances,longerleadtimes,anddecreasedmarketknowledge.Decreasedabilitytocontrolresultsfromtheextensiveuseofinternationalservicefirmscoupledwithpotentialgovernmentinterventioninsuchareasascustomsrequirementsandtraderestrictions.

Theseuniquecomplicatedevelopmentofanefficientandeffectiveglobalsupplychainstrategy.Fortunately,thereareforcesthatbothdriveandfacilitateglobalizationandnecessitateborderlesslogisticsoperations.(Source:DonaldJ.Bowersox,DavidJ.Closs,M.BixbyCooper.Supply

ChainLogisticsManagementCopyright2002byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.)PartI

DefinitionofBusinessLogisticsPartII

SampleCommunicationsA: Hello,Mr.Smith.B: Hi,Ellen.What'sup?A: Mr.Smith,couldyoutellmewhatbizlogisticsmeans?B: Oh,yes,youknowwhattheword"biz"means?Itisashortformofbusiness. Andthephrase"bizlogistics"meansbusinesslogistics.A: WhatisthedifferencebetweenlogisticsandbizLogistics?B: Youknowthesetwoconceptshavethesamemeanings,butlogisticsisgeneral. Andthenbizlogisticsstressesspecifictermonatradeorbusiness.Theformer includesafewofdefinitions,suchasmilitarydefinition,businessdefinition. Thelatterincludesseveralcomponents,includingtheprocurement, maintenance,distributionandreplacementofpersonnelandmaterial.PartII

SampleCommunicationsA: Wow,itisverycomplicated,isn'tit?B: Notso!LetusputemphasisontheBizDefinition.Itisdefinedasabusiness- planningframeworkforthemanagementofmaterial,service,informationand capitalflows.A: Isthatall?B: Itincludestheincreasinglycomplexinformation,communicationand controlsystemsrequiredintoday'sbusinessenvironment.Doyouthinkitis importantornot?A: Yes,itis!PartII

SampleCommunicationsWhatdoeslogisticsmean?1Howmanycomponentsoflogisticsdoesthedialogueinclude?2Logisticsmeanstosupplytherightproductattherighttimeintherightquantityintherightconditionattherightplacefortherightcustomerattherightprice.Itincludestheprocurement,maintainance,distributionandreplacementofpersonnelandmaterial.PartII

SampleCommunicationsWhatspecialmeaningsdoesbusinesslogisticshaveinthedialogue?3Inafewwords,whatisthedifferencebetweenlogisticsandbizlogistics?4Businesslogisticsisdefinedasabusiness-planningframeworkforthemanagementofmaterial,service,informationandcapitalflows.Itincludestheincreasinglycomplexinformation,communicationandcontrolsystemsrequiredintoday’sbusinessenvironment.Thesetwoconceptsarethesamemeanings.Logisticsisgeneralmeaningandincludesmilitarydefinitionandbusinessdefinition.Businesslogisticsstressesspecialtermonatradeorbusiness.PartII

SampleCommunicationsA: Hello,Jimmy.B: Hi,John.A: Whyareyouinsuchahurry?B: Goingtothelibrarytosearchforsomeinformation.Oh,bytheway,could yougivemesomeadviceonlogistics,please?A: Noproblem!Logisticsisresponsibleforthemovementofproductsfrom yourvendorsrightthroughtothedeliveryatyourcustomer'sdoor,including movementthroughmanufacturingfacilities,warehouses,third-parties,such asrepackageordistributor.It'smorethanshipping,receiving,trafficor warehousing.PartII

SampleCommunicationsB: Wouldyouexplainwhatthekeyissuesforlogisticseffectivenessare?A: OK,therearefivekeyissuesactually.Theyaremovementofproducts, movementofinformation,time/service,costandintegration.B: Canyoudescribetheircontentsingeneral?A: Well,theyaremorethanItellyou.Youcansearchinthelibraryoron Internetforthefivekeyissuesforlogisticseffectiveness.B: Thankyouindeed.Ihavelearnedalotfromyou.Seeyoulater.A: Seeyou!PartII

SampleCommunications1.OralPractice:2.Teamwork:Practicetheabovedialoguewithyourpartneruntilyoucanlearnthelinesbyheart.Makeupadialogueaccordingtothefollowingsituationandpracticeitwithpartner.Situation:Maryisaclerkinalogisticscompany.Nowsheistalkingwithhercustomer,Mr.Smith,aboutthe“SevenRights”fthelogisticsdefinition.PartII

SampleCommunications

OfficefurnituremakerHermanMillerhascreatedanewunit,MillerSQA,thatprovidesanexcellentexampleofvaluenetdesign.MillerSQA,likeitsparent,makesofficefurniture,butwithatwist.Itsproductandtheentirefurniturebuyingexperiencearedesignedtobe"simple,quick,andaffordable"(henceSQA).

TheclarityofMillerSQA'svision,thevaluenetdesignjustdescribed,anditsexemplaryexecutionhavebeenhugelysuccessful.Ordersarebeingshipped99.6percentontimeandcomplete.Profitabilityisexcellent,andsalesaregrowingat25percentayear.PartII

SampleCommunications

OfficefurnituremakerHermanMillerhascreatedanewunit,MillerSQA,thatprovidesanexcellentexampleofvaluenetdesign.MillerSQA,likeitsparent,makesofficefurniture,butwithatwist.Itsproductandtheentirefurniturebuyingexperiencearedesignedtobe"simple,quick,andaffordable"(henceSQA).

TheclarityofMillerSQA'svision,thevaluenetdesignjustdescribed,anditsexemplaryexecutionhavebeenhugelysuccessful.Ordersarebeingshipped99.6percentontimeandcomplete.Profitabilityisexcellent,andsalesaregrowingat25percentayear.

SQAisnotalone.Ourinterviewswithmorethan30companiesconfirmthatthevaluenetconceptisspreading.Someofthebestexamplesweseearenew,oftenInternet-based,companiesthatenjoytheluxuryofcreatingtheirbusinessdesignsonacleanslate.Others,likeSQA,introducethenewconceptsintoasingledivisionofalargecorporation.Butevenentireenterpriseswithestablishedsupplychainscanadoptavaluenetdesigntogoodeffect.(Source:DavidBovetandJosephMartha,ValueNets(NewYork:JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.,2000),pp.8-9)PartII

SampleCommunicationsPartIII

PracticalReadings

AlthoughtherearevariousdefinitionsofdifferenttypesofBusinessLogisticsManagement,suchas,"Logisticsisthescienceofplanningandimplementingtheacquisitionanduseoftheresourcesnecessarytosustaintheoperationofasystem(QuotefromECRCUniversityofScranton/DefenseLogisticsAgency)."Theprocurement,maintenance,distribution,andreplacementofpersonnelandmaterial.”(QuotefromWebster'sDictionary);Logisticsforbusinessconceptisboundtobeabusiness-planningframeworkforthemanagementofmaterial,service,informationandcapitalflows.Itincludestheincreasingly,complexinformation,communicationandcontrolsystemsrequiredintoday'sbusinessenvironment.PartIII

PracticalReadings

Themanagementofthegoodsflowandstorageprocessbetweenthepointoforiginofrawmaterialsandthepointwherethematerialsareconvertedintofinishedgoodsisknownasmaterialsmanagement(alsocalledinboundlogistics).Themanagementoftheflowandstorageoffinishedgoodsbetweenthefinalpointofmanufactureandthepointofconsumptionisknownasphysicaldistributionmanagement(alsocalledoutboundlogistics).Returngoodshandlingandwastedisposaltogetherformreverselogistics.Inboundlogistics,outboundlogisticsandreverselogisticsarecollectivelyknownasbusinesslogistics,orlogisticsmanagement.Thetwotermsareoftenusedinterchangeably.PartIII

PracticalReadings

Businesslogisticsinvolvesthefollowingactivities:

selectionanddesign,procurement,materialshandling,forecasting,packaging,facilitysitewarehousemanagement,inventorymanagement,orderprocessing,logisticscommunications,transport,reverselogistics(includingreturngoodshandlingandwastedisposal),andcustomerservice.

Letusnowhavealookathowlogisticsworks.Ofimportanceisadynamicbalancebetweentheminutedetailsandthemainelementsinvolvedinaproduct.Theroleoflogisticsistomaintainthatbalance.Oncethefirmrealizestheimportanceoflogistics,itisnecessarythatthefirmmakefullandefficientuseoflogistics.Thefirststepistocreateabuyervalueforthecustomerandastrategicvalueforthefirm.PartIII

PracticalReadings

Thecustomeristhemostimportantassetofacompany.Itdrivestheentiresupplychainincludingmanufacturing,marketingandlogistics.Henceitisimportantforafirmtohaveaclearunderstandingofwhatthecustomerdemandsandtokeepupwiththecustomers’expectations.Onceacompanyhasaclearunderstandingofitscustomers'requirements,itmustdeviseastrategyonhowtouselogisticstoachieveit.Thismeansthatthecompanyhastohaveaclearunderstandingorassessmentofcompany'sstrategicdirection.

(Source:JJVogt,WJPienaar,PWCdeWit.BusinessLogisticsManagement.UniversityPress)PartIII

PracticalReadingsPartIII

PracticalReadingsPartIII

PracticalReadingsbusiness-planningframework 商业规划结构businessenvironment 经营环境physicaldistribution(PD) 产品配送;物资配送reverselogistics 逆向物流;反向物流returngoodshandling 退货处理wastedisposal (环境)废物处理;废料处理adynamicbalance 动态平衡PartIII

PracticalReadingsPartIII

PracticalReadings1.Whatisbusinesslogistics?2.Whataretheactivitiesincludedinbusinesslogistics?I.Answerthefollowingquestions:Businesslogisticsmeanstobedefinedasabusiness-planningframeworkforthemanagementofmaterial,service,informationandcapitalflows.Businesslogisticsinvolvesthefollowingactivities:demandforecasting,procurement,materialshandling,packaging,warehouseandinventorymanagement,orderingprocessing,logisticscommunications,transport,customerserviceandsoon.PartIII

PracticalReadings3.Howdoesbusinesslogisticswork?I.Answerthefollowingquestions:Theroleoflogisticsistomaintainthebalancebetweentheminutedetailsandthemainelementsinvolvedinaproduct.PartIII

PracticalReadings1.variousdefinitionsofdifferenttypesforbusinesslogisticsmanagement2.useoftheresourcesnecessaryII.TranslatethefollowingEnglishexpressionsintoChinese:商务物流管理有不同版本的不同定义必要资源的利用PartIII

PracticalReadings3.returngoodshandling4.replacementofpersonnelandmaterialII.TranslatethefollowingEnglishexpressionsintoChinese:逆向货物的搬运人员和材料的补充PartIII

PracticalReadings5.complexinformation6.today’sbusinessenvironmentII.TranslatethefollowingEnglishexpressionsintoChinese:复杂信息现代的商业环境PartIII

PracticalReadings7.demandforecasting8.facilitysiteselectionII.TranslatethefollowingEnglishexpressionsintoChinese:需求预测设施场地选择PartIII

PracticalReadings9.themostimportantfortuneforacompany10.assessmentofcompany’sstrategicdirectionII.TranslatethefollowingEnglishexpressionsintoChinese:公司最重要的财富公司战略抉择走势评定PartIII

PracticalReadingsIII.Fillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressionsgivenbelow.Changetheformswherenecessary.

Nearlyallthe_________oflogisticcanbebrieflydescribedlikethis:“Logisticsmeanshavingtherightthing,attherightplace,attherighttime.”Atits____,logisticsdealswithsatisfyingthecustomer.Thisimpliesthatmanagementmustfirstunderstandwhatthoserequirementsarebeforealogistics_____canbedevelopedandimplementedtomeetthem.Aswillbediscussedinmoredetaillater,customer______isthemostimportant_______ofanorganization’slogisticssystem.Thisfocusoncustomersatisfactionwillbeemphasizedthroughthetextjustasitshouldbeinthefirm.service

heart

output

strategy

definitionsdefinitionsheartoutputservicestrategyPartIII

PracticalReadingsIV.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese:1.Thisbroaderviewoflogisticsintegratesintoasinglesupplychainthatlinksthecustomerwithallaspectsofthefirm.2.Theconceptofbenefitsisamultifacetedonethatgoesbeyondtheproductorserviceitselftoincludeissuesregardingtiming,quantity,supportingservices,location,andcost.这一非常宽广的物流观点把单一的供应链与贸易公司的方方面面整合在一起。收益的概念是一个多层面的，远远不只是产品或服务本身所包含的，而涉及物流准时、货物数量、支撑服务、地点选择和运输成本。PartIII

PracticalReadingsIV.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese:3.Ifthismaterialcannotbeusedtoproduceotherproducts,itmustbedisposedofinsomemanner.4.Inotherwords,theyaremuchmoreconcernedwiththeflowoffinishedgoodsfromtheendoftheproductionlinetothecustomer.如果这种材料不能用来生产其它产品，它将肯定被以同样的方式被丢掉。换种说法，他们对生产线末端成品到顾客手里物流更多的关注。PartIII

PracticalReadingsIV.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese:5.Inaddition,themoveawayfromlocalsourcinginfavorofglobalbuyinghascomplicatedthisentireprocesssignificantlyinrecentyears.另外，这些年来，以当地资源而获得全球资源的购买使得整个过程更加复杂了。PartIII

PracticalReadings

TheCouncilofSupplyChainManagementProfessionals(CSCMP),aprofessionalorganizationforLogisticsandSupplyChainManagement(SCM),

defineslogisticstobe:

LogisticsManagementisthepartofthesupplychainprocessthatplans,implementsandcontrolstheefficient,effectiveforwardandreverseflowandstorageofgoods,servicesandrelatedinformationfrompointtothepointofconsumptioninordertomeetcustomers’requirements.

Withthisprocesstherearekeylogisticsactivitiesthatfacilitatetheaboveflows.Theyare:PartIII

PracticalReadings

·Customerservices:Ensuringtherightthingsisattherightplaceandattherighttime;

·DemandForecasting&Planning:Determiningthequantitytobeordered;

·InventoryManagement:Balancinginventorylevelstoachievehighcustomerservicelevels;

·CommunicationTechnology:LinkingsupplierstocustomerdemandpatternstofacilitateJustInTime(JIT)productreplenishment;

·CommunicationTechnology:Minimizingthemovementofrawmaterials,workinprocessandfinishedgoods;

·OrderProcessing:UsingE-commercetofacilitateinformationexchanges;

·Purchasing:Selectingthebestsuppliertomeetqualityrequirements;

·Transportation:Selectingthebestmodeoftransportation(air,rail,waterortruck);

·Warehousing:Locatinganddesigningfacilitiestomeetcustomerservicelevels;PartIII

PracticalReadings

Whereas,CSCMPhasdefinedsupplychainmanagementas:

Supplychainmanagementencompassestheplanningandmanagementofall

activitiesinvolvedinsourcingandprocurement,conversion,andalllogisticsmanagementactivities.Importantly,italsoincludescoordinationandcollaborationwithchannelpartners,whichcanbesuppliers,intermediaries,third-partyserviceproviderandcustomers.Infact,supplychainmanagementintegratessupplyanddemandmanagementwithinandacrosscompanies.PartIII

PracticalReadings

Logisticsisachallengingandimportantactivitybecauseitservesasanintegratingorboundaryspanningfunction.Itlinkssupplierswithcustomersanditintegratesfunctionalentitiesacrossacompany.Withtheever-growingcompetitionintoday’smarketplaceitbecomesnecessaryforafirmtouseitsresourcestofocusonstrategicopportunities.Thisincludesseveralinternalfactorslikemanagementstyle,culture,humanresources,facilitiesandseveralexternalfactorsliketechnology,globalizationandcompetition.Thisiswheretheconceptoflogisticsplaysamajorrole,i.e.ithelpstoleveragecertainadvantagesthefirmhasinthemarketplace.

（Source:）PartIII

PracticalReadingsPartIII

PracticalReadingsPartIII

PracticalReadingsPartIII

PracticalReadingsPartIII

PracticalReadings1.HowdoesCSCMPdefinethelogistics?2.Whatissupplychainmanagement?I.Answerthefollowingquestions:Itdefinesthelogisticstobe:thepartofthesupplychainprocessthatplans,implementsandcontrolstheefficient,effectiveforwardandreverseflowandstorageofgoods,servicesfromthepointofrelatedinformationtothepointofconsumptioninordertomeetcustomers’requirements.Supplychainmanagementencompassestheplanningandmanagementofallactivitiesinvolvedinsourcingandprocurement,conversion,andalllogisticsmanagementactivities.PartIII

PracticalReadings3.WhydowesayLogisticsisachallangingandimportantactivity?4.Withtheever-growingcompetitionintoday’smarketplace,whatwouldafirmdo?I.Answerthefollowingquestions:Becauseitservesasanintegratingorboundaryspanningfunction.Itwouldbecomenecessaryforafirmtouseitsresourcestofocusonstrategicopportunities.PartIII

PracticalReadingsII.TranslatethefollowingChinesewordsandexpressionsintoEnglish:a)一个专业机构b)第三方服务提供商c)中间人d)需求预测和规划e)外部因素f)内部因素g)在制品和成品h)全球化i)平衡库存量j)整合功能实体aprofessionalorganizationthird-partyserviceproviderintermediarydemandforecasting&planningexternalfactorinternalfactorworkinprocessandfinishedgoodsglobalizationbalancinginventorylevelsintegratefunctionalentitiesPartIII

PracticalReadingsIII.Fillintheblankswiththebestchoice:1.Hegavehissonsomemoneyfor___________

hisschoolbooks.2.Theirroleintheoveralllogisticssystembecomes___________.A.selling B.orderingC.buying D.showingA.cross B.criticalC.crucify D.cruisePartIII

PracticalReadingsIII.Fillintheblankswiththebestchoice:3.Theteacher___________that20ofherstudentswouldpasstheexamination.4.Goodsthatcarriedbyavesselorvehicle,especiallybyacommercialcarriercanbecalled___________.A.predict B.tellC.confirm D.pushA.shippers B.consigneesC.cargoes D.productsPartIII

PracticalReadingsIII.Fillintheblankswiththebestchoice:5.Leadermust___________himselfwiththemasses.6.Hewas_________inworkingoutaplan.A.integrate B.intellectC.joint D.ensureA.included B.involvedC.include D.involvePartIII

PracticalReadingsIII.Fillintheblankswiththebestchoice:7.Inamorepracticalsense,logisticsreferstothesystematicmanagementofthevariousactivitiesrequiredtomove_____fromtheirpointofmanufacturingtothecustomers.8.Thepriceofvegetables______________accordingtotheweather.A.benefits B.profitableC.beneficial D.profitsA.fluent B.impactsC.fluctuates D.swingsPartIII

PracticalReadingsIII.Fillintheblankswiththebestchoice:9.They____________handbillsonthestreet.10.Theamountchargedfortransportingfreightbyairis_________.A.divide B.allocateC.distribute D.dispenseA.fee B.airfreightC.tip D.freightPartIII

PracticalReadings1.在正规的供应链中一起工作的所各方都从共同的合作中受益。2.从客户入手，了解客户的价值和需求。IV.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:Allpartiesworkingtogetherinaformalsupplychainreceiveanumberofbenefitsfromjointworking.Beginwiththecustomerbyunderstandingthecustomer’svaluesandrequirements.PartIII

PracticalReadingsIV.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:3.过多的包装将使成本增高，而不好的包装又会造成货物受损，最终导致客户不满。4.虽然建立一种真正的伙伴关系是一种挑战，但是没有这种战略性的合作，就不能将供应链作为一个单独的实体来进行操控。Toomuchpackagingincreasesthecostswhileinadequateprotectioncanresultingoodsdamageand,finally,customerdissatisfaction.Althoughitischallengingtodevelopatruepartnershiprelationship,thefactisthatwithoutstrategicpartnership,itisimpossibletomanagethesupplychainasasingleentity.PartIII

PracticalReadingsIV.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:5.需求预测目的在于获得未来客户需求的准确信息，这样物流系统才能确保有合适的产品和服务，以满足客户需求。Demandforecastingaimsattheneedforaccurateinformationonfuturecustomerneeds,sothatthelogisticssystemcanassuretherightproductsandservicesareavailabletomeettothoserequirements.PartIII

PracticalReadingsV.After-classreading

Pre-discussionofthepassage:

Whatiscold-chainlogistics?Whydoweneedcold-chainlogistics?Cold-chainLogistics

Cold-chainlogisticsisthetechnologyandprocessthatallowsforthesafetransportoftemperature-sensitivegoodsandproductsalongthesupplychain.Itreliesheavilyonsciencetoevaluateandaccommodateforthelinkbetweentemperatureandperishability.Anyproductknowntobeorlabeled“perishable”willlikelyneedcold-chainmanagement.Thiscouldincludefoodslikemeatandseafood,produce,medicalsuppliesandpharmaceuticals.Whiletheideaoftransportationisarelativelynewconcept,thetransportoftemperature-sensitiveproductsreallydatesbacktothelate1700s,whenicewasusedbytheBritishtokeepfishfromspoiling.Inthelate1800s,itwasusedtotransportPartIII

PracticalReadingsperishablesaswell.Dairyproductsweretransportedfromruraltourbanareastobesold,andduetoaEuropeanmeatproductionshortage,SouthAmericawassendingfrozenmeattoFranceandAustralia,whileNewZealandwassendingittoGreatBritain.Cold-chaintechhasalwaysbeen,andwillcontinuetobe,hugelyimportanttoglobaltrade.Cold-chainlogisticshasmanymovingparts.Someoftheelementsinclude:•Coldstorage—Facilitiesthatstoregoodsandproductswaitingtobetransported.•Coolingsystems—Systemsthatbringfooduptoandkeepitatanappropriatetemperatureduringallaspectsofthesupplychain,includingprocessing,storingandtransporting.•Coldtransport—Ensuresgoodsremainatstabletemperatureandhumiditylevels.•Coldprocessing—Facilitiesthatallowforprocessinggoodswithsanitationinmind.•Colddistribution—Dealswithloadingboxesorcratesandpalletstodistributegoods.实用物流专业英语（第四版）

CustomerService

PartI

AnIntroductiontoCustomerService

PartIISampleCommunications

PartIIIPracticalReadingsPartI

AnIntroductiontoCustomerService客户服务是供应商和买家之间综合的一系列活动,客户服务能提高销量,有利于更有效使用供应商的产品。客户服务涵盖了各种各样的形式,包括售后服务、比如维护、修理和更换