中医基础理论-专业英语

BasicTheoryofTCMEnglishVersion李一芳GeneralViewHistoricalfiguresinTCMFamousdoctors

AtthepeakoftraditionalChinesemedicine,therecomesforthmanybrilliantdoctorsknownbytheyoungandtheold,suchasBianQue,HuaTuo,ZhangZhongjin,SunSimiao.Theirlegendsinspireusandmakeusconfidentofourtraditionalculture.4HuaTuoBianQueShenNongHuangDiHuangDiHeistheearliestancestorofacupunctureandmoxibustion（针灸鼻祖）.ItwassimilartoShenNong,HuangDi’sClassicofInternalMedicine

wasalsonotwrittenbyhimself.It’ssaidthatitmightbefinishedinQinandHanDynastytimeShenNongShenNong’sHerbalClassic

wasn’twrittenbyhimself,itwasfinishedinWarringStatesPeriodorQinandHanDynastytimeShenNongtastedhundredsofgrassandfoundherbsThisbookwastheearlistextantmedicalmonograph(现存的最早的医学专著）HuaTuoHuaTuoHeistheearlistancestorofsurgery,livedinlateEasternHanDynasty.Hewasfamousforsurgicaloperationandmafei

san(akindofnarcoticmadeofherbs).Hecreatedabodybuildingexercisecalledfiveanimals

exercise，itisbasedonthemovementsoftiger,deer,bear,ape(猿）andcrane（鹤）.BianQueBianQueHeisthesphygmologymediator(脉学介导者）ofTraditionalChineseMedicalScienceandlivedinSpringandAutumnandWarringStates

Period.Thefourdiagnosticmethods(四诊合参——望闻问切）wascreatedbyhim.SunSimiaoSunSimiaoHeisthekingofmedicine（药王）,livedinTangDynasty.HefinishedthebookGoldenPrescriptionsforEmergencies《备急千金方》，itwastheearliestclinicalmedicineencyclopedia(临床医学百科全书）inChina.ZhangZhongjingZhangZhongjingHeistheherbalistdoctorsaint(医圣），livedintheEastenHan.HefinishedthefamousmedicalmonographTreatiseonFebrileandMiscellaneousDisease《伤寒杂病论》.GeHongHeisthemediatorofpreventivemedicine(预防医学介导者），hewasbornintheEasternJinDynastyandhistheorycontainsthesproutidea(萌芽思想)ofimmunity.LiShizhenMainPhilosophyandCultureBasisConfucianismTaoismWarcraftLiShizhenLiShizhen(李时珍)oftheMingDynasty,whosemonumentalmasterpiece,

CompendiumofMeteriaMedica(本草纲目),includes1,892medicinalsubstances,11,096prescriptions,and1,162illustrations.TheFourTraditionalDiagnosticMethodsInspection

OlfactionInquiry

Pulse-takingClassicWorksHuangdi’sCanonofMedicine/Huangdi’sInternalClassicPlainQuestions&MiraculousPivotClassicofDifficultIssuesTreatiseonColdDamage(exogenousfebrilediseases)andMiscellaneousDiseasesTreatiseonColdDamage(exogenousfebrilediseases)SynopsisofPrescriptionsofGoldenChamberShennong’sClassicofMateriaMedica

BasicCharacterholismtreatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiationBasicCharacterholism

1.

humanisanorganicwhole,governedbyheart,centeringonfiveviscera.What’sinsidemustbeshownoutside(withmanifestations).

fiveviscera,sixbowels,sixextraordinarybowelsmeridiansandcollateralshead,face,stemandlimbs,fivesenseorgans,skinandstriae,muscleandtendon,orifices,pulse,tongue,etcinsideoutsideconnectionBasicCharacterholism2.unityofhumanandnature(correspondencebetweennatureandhuman)

inadaptationtonewenvironment

Epistaxisusuallyhappensinspringtime.Thoracicandhypochondriacdiseasesusuallyhappeninsummertime.Diarrheaandcoldstrokeusuallyhappeninlatesummer.Windmalariausuallyhappensinfall.Arthralgiaandsyncopeusuallyhappeninwintertime.Exercisetopreventcold,shade-shelteringtopreventsummerheat.

BasicCharacterholism3.unityofhumanandsociety

Whentreattherich,emphasizesupplementingthehealthyqi.Whentreatthepoor,emphasizeattacking/eliminatingpathogenicqi.

BasicCharactertreatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiationsyndrome:thepathogenesisbehindaseriesofsymptomsandsignsshownoutwardly(cause,location,property,tendency)fourdiagnosticmethods:inspection,listeningandsmelling,inquiry,palpation(pulsetaking)(inspection,palpation,percussion,auscultation)

establishthegeneralandspecifictreatingmethod,choosepropermedicinalstoformaformula

sametreatmentfordifferentdiseasesdifferenttreatmentsforthesamediseaseBasicPerceptionessence-qiyin-yangfiveelementsBasicPerceptionyin-yang

yangwithinyinyinwithinyinyangwithinyangyinwithinyang

BasicPerceptionyin-yangoppositionofyinandyangmutualrooting/interdependencebetweenyinandyangwaxingandwaningofyinandyangyin-yangbalanceyin-yangharmonyyin-yangconversion/inter-transformation

BasicPerceptionyin-yangextremeyinresemblingyangextremeyangresemblingyinwaxingandwaningofyinandyang

BasicPerceptionfiveelementswater,kidneymetal,lungsfire，hearttogeneratetorestrictearth,spleenwood,liverBasicPerceptionfiveelements

“Thefivekindsofmaterialsinnatureareallusedbypeople.Noneofthemcanbedispensedwith”“Waterandfireareusedforcooking,metalandwoodforcultivatingandearthgivesbirthtoeverything,whichareallusedbypeople”“Woodgetscutbymetal,fireextinguishedbywater,earthuncloggedbywood,metalhurtbyfire,waterstoppedbyearth.Everythingonearthfollowsthisrule,anditishardtolistonebyone”BasicPerceptionfiveelements

“Woodmeanstogrow(upward)freelyandunfold/stretchout”“Firemeanstoflareup”“Earthmeanstogivebirthtoallthings”“Metalmeanstosuppressandchange”“Watermeanstomoistenandflowdownward”essence,qi,blood,fluidandhumoressence(prenatalessence,acquiredessence)togeneratefertilityandreproductiontopromotegrowthanddevelopmenttoproducemarrowandencephalon,nourishbonesandtransformintobloodtonourishandmoistentodefendthebodyessence,qi,blood,fluidandhumorqi(prenatalessentialqi,essentialqifromwaterandgrain,pectoralqi)topromoteandmovetowarmtodefendthebodytosecuretotransportandtransformtonourish

essence,qi,blood,fluidandhumorqi(prenatalessentialqi,essentialqifromwaterandgrain,pectoralqi)qimovement:ascending,descending,exiting,entering(upward,downward,outward,inwardmovement)classification:genuineqi,sourceqi,pectoralqi,nutrientqi,defensiveqiessence,qi,blood,fluidandhumorbloodtonourishandmoistentocarryandtransport(freshairandfoodnutrition,metabolizedwaste,interiormessageincommunicationbetweenorgans)tobethematerialbasisforspiritualactivitycirculation:qipromotingandsecuringcondition:sufficientvolumeofblood,propertemperaturesoundandunobstructedvesselnormalfunctionofheart,lungs,liver,spleenessence,qi,blood,fluidandhumorfluidandhumortonourishandmoistentocarryandtransport(freshairandfoodnutrition,metabolizedwaste,interiormessageincommunicationbetweenorgans)tobethematerialbasisforspiritualactivitycirculation:qipromotingandsecuringcondition:sufficientvolumeofblood,propertemperaturesoundandunobstructedvesselnormalfunctionofheart,lungs,liver,spleenexogenousdiseasesix-meridian,defensive-qi-nutrient-blood,andthree-energizerdifferentiation

internalmiscellaneousdiseasesvisceraldifferentiationexogenousdiseasesix-meridian,defensive-qi-nutrient-blood,andthree-energizerdifferentiation

exogenousdiseasesix-meridian,defensive-qi-nutrient-blood,andthree-energizerdifferentiation

exogenousdiseasesix-meridian,defensive-qi-nutrient-blood,andthree-energizerdifferentiation

internalmiscellaneousdiseasesvisceraldifferentiationmainvisceralfunctionlungs—ascending/diffusion,descending/depurativedownbearing,governingqi,respiration,andsmoothingwaterpassage,spreadingdefensiveqioverthesuperficies

spleen(stomach)—ascending(descending),governingmuscleandlimbs,digestion,transformationandtransportationoffoodandfluid,restrictingbloodwithinvesselsheart—governingbloodcirculationandvessels,mindandspiritualactivitiesliver—ascending/upbearingeffusion,soothing/freecoursing,regulatingthesmoothflowofqiandblood,helpdigestion,storingblood,governingsinewskidney—storingessence,prenatalyinandyang,warming,promotinggrowthandreproduction,qiabsorptioncommonheartdisorders:depressivepsychosis,mania,

insomnia,frequentdreaming,palpitation,cardiodynia,vexationandfidget,amnesia,deliriumandunconsciousness,intermittent,skippingorboundpulse,aswellasorolingualpainorsorecommonlungsdisorders:outofbreath,shortageofbreath,aloworhoarsevoice,lassitude,generalweakness,easilycatchingcold,runningnose,aversiontowind,cough,asthma,spitting,chestdistress,throatitchingandpain,edemacommonspleendisorders:abdominaldistentionandpain,poorappetiteoranorexia,listlessnessandtiredness,tastelessness,sweetandstickytasteinmouth,diarrheaorconstipation,dysentery,edema,prolapseofinnerorgans(includingchronicdiarrheawithproctoptosis,uterineprolapse,gastroptosis,nephroptosis),chronicbleeding(includinghemafecia,epistaxis(nasal),metrorrhagia,bleedingleucorrhea,gingivalhemorrhage(gumline)),ifspleenqiweakens,faceandlipsappearsallowandlacklustercommonliverdisorders:depression,hypochondriacandlowerabdominaldistentionandpain,irritabilityandtestiness,breastnoduleandpain,dizziness,headache,irregularmenstruation,amenorrhea,dysmenorrhea,abnormaldigestion,poorappetite,belching,acidregurgitation,stabbingpaininthehypochondrium,abdominalmasses,ascites,impotence,prematureejaculation,spermatorrhea,metrorrhagia,blurredvision,contractureofsinews,convulsion,spasm,congestedeyeswithitchingpain.commonkidneydisorders:poorgrowingdevelopment,prematuresenility,dyspnea,chroniccough,asthma,shortbreath,amnesia,insomnia,lumbarandlowerlimbsachingpainorweakness,tinnitus,deafness,boneandmuscleatrophy,edema,urineandstooldisorder,especiallyincontinenceofurineandstool,impotence,prematureejaculation,spermatorrhea,infertility,coldnessabovekneesandelbows.mainvisceralfunctionstomach—receivingfoodanddrink,digesting,descending,preferencetomoistureandaversiontodryness.disorders:foodintakedisorder,epigastricstuffiness,distentionandpain,nausea,vomiting,belching,hiccup,regurgitation

smallintestine—receivingchyme,furtherdigestion,separatingclearfromturbid.disorders:abdominaldistentionandpain,burburigmus,diarrhea.largeintestine—absorbingwaterandfluid,dischargingwastes.disorders:constipation,diarrhea,dysenterywithbloodandpusstool,abdominaldistentionandpain,anusbulgingandsinkingmainvisceralfunctiongallbladder—storinganddischargingbile,helpingdigestion,dominatingdecision,andrelatedtoemotionalactivity.disorders:bittermouth,jaundice,timidity,easilygettingfrightenedurinarybladder—storinganddischargingurine.disorders:frequent,urgenturinationwithburningpain,anuresisanduroschesisthreebasicpairsofascendantanddescendantheartandkidney:heartyanggoingdownandkidneyyingoinguptorestrictandhelpeachother(heart-kidneyinteraction)heart-sovereignfire,spiritandmindkidney-ministerialfire,prenatalessencecommonmanifestations:palpitation,insomniawithdreams,fidget,amnesia,sorenessofwaist,tinnitus,nocturnalemissionthreebasicpairsofascendantanddescendantheartandkidneyjiaotaiwan:huanglian,rouguisangpiaoqiaosan:sangpiaoqiao,longgu,guijia,renshen,fushen,danghui,changpu,yuanzhithreebasicpairsofascendantanddescendantspleenandstomach:theyareinteriorlyandexteriorlyrelatedbytheconnectionofmeridianspleen-ascendingclearessencestomach-descendingturbidchymecommonmanifestation:badappetite,anorexia,stomachorabdominaldistentionaftermeal,stomachorabdominalpain,regurgitation,belch,unclearhead,diarrheawithloosestool,orevenbloodandpusthreebasicpairsofascendantanddescendantspleenandstomachliujunzisoup:dangshen,baizhu,fuling,gancao,chenpi,banxiathreebasicpairsofascendantanddescendantliverandlungs:liver-ascending,upbearingeffusinglungs-descending,depurativedownbearingcommonmanifestation:cough,hyperpnoea,asthma,headache,dizziness,reddenedorhoteyes

threebasicpairsofascendantanddescendantliverandlungssangjuyin:sangye,juhua,chenpi,xingren,lianqiao,lugen,gancao,bohelingjiaogoutengtang:lingjiao,gouteng,juhua