余劲草英语unit1下解读

EnglishReadingandTranslationforPostgraduates

(LevelB)JincaoYU2Unit1

LivingAFullLife

Somethingsimilarhappenstomanypeoplewhoexperienceaterrifyingphysicalthreat.Inthatmoment,oursenseofinvulnerabilityispierced,andtheself-protectivementalarmorthatnormallystandsbetweenusandourperceptionsoftheworldistornaway.Oureverydaylifescripts-ourhabits,self-perceptionsandassumptions–gooutthewindow,andweareleftwitharawexperienceoftheworld.13.

Still,actuallyimplementingthesechanges,aswellasfullycomingtotermswithanewreality,usuallytakesconsciouseffort.Beingwillingandabletotakeonthisprocessisoneofthemajordifferencesbetweenthosewhogrowthroughadversityandthosewhoaredestroyedbyit.Thepeoplewhofindvalueinadversityaren’tthetoughestorthemostrational.Whatmakesthemdifferentisthattheyareabletoincorporatewhathappenedintothestoryoftheirownlife.Comprehension14. Eventually,theymayfindthemselvesfreedinwaystheyneverimagined.Survivorsoftensaytheyhavebecomemoretolerantandforgivingofothers,capableofbringingpeacetoformerlytroubledrelationships.Theysaythatmaterialambitionssuddenlyseemsillyandthepleasuresoffriendsandfamilyparamount-andthatthecrisisallowedthemtorecognizelifeinlinewiththeirnewpriorities.15. Peoplewhohavegrownfromadversityoftenfeelmuchlessfear,despitethefrighteningthingsthey’vebeenthrough.Theyaresurprisedbytheirownstrength,confidentthattheycanhandlewhateverelselifethrowsatthem.“Peopledon’tsaythatwhattheywentthroughwaswonderful,”saidTedeschi.“Theyweren’tmeaningtogrowfromit.Theywerejusttryingtosurvive.Butinretrospect,whattheygainedwasmorethantheyeveranticipated.”16. InhisrecentbookSatisfaction,EmoryUniversitypsychiatristGregoryBernspointstoextremeenduranceathleteswhopushthemselvestotheirphysicallimitsfordaysatatime.Theycyclethroughthesamesequenceofsensationsasdotraumasurvivors:self-loss,confusionand,finallyanewsenseofmastery.Forultramarathoners,whoregularlyrun100-mileracesthatlastmorethan24hours,vomitingandhallucinatingarenormal.Afteradayandnightofrunningwithoutstoppingorsleeping,competitorssometimesforgetwhotheyareandwhattheyaredoing.17. Foramorecommonexampleofgrowththroughadversity,looktooneoflife’sbiggestchallenges:parenting.Havingababyhasbeenshowntodecreaselevelsofhappiness.Thesleepdeprivationandnecessityofputtingasidepersonalpleasureinordertocareforaninfantmeanthatpeoplewithnewbornsaremorelikelytobedepressedandfindtheirmarriageontherocks.Nonetheless,overthelonghaul,raisingachildisoneofthemostrewardingandmeaningfulofallhumanundertakings.Theshort-termsacrificeofhappinessisoutweighedbyotherbenefits,likefulfillment,altruismandthechancetoleaveameaningfullegacy.18. Ultimately,theemotionalrewa4rdcancompensateforthepainanddifficultyofadversity.Thisperspectivedoesnotcanceloutwhathappened,butitputsitallinadifferentcontext:thatit’spossibletoliveanextraordinaryrewardinglifeevenwithintheconstraintsandstrugglesweface.Insomeformorother,saysKing,weallmustgothroughthisrealization.“You’renotgoingtobethepersonyouthoughtyouwere,buthere’swhoyouaregoingtobeinstead–andthatturnsouttobeaprettygreatlife.”

Comprehension

Inthatmoment,…,andtheself-protectivemental

armor

thatnormallystandsbetweenusandourperceptionsoftheworldistornaway.（Para.12）armor:n.Adefensivecovering,asofmetal,wood,orleather,worntoprotectthebodyagainstweapons.e.g.

Theirfeatherswerelikearmorimpenetrabletosteel.

它们的羽毛就象钢铁穿不透的盔甲。e.g.

TothrowawayweaponandarmorMoretodoInthatmoment,oursenseofinvulnerabilityispierced,andtheself-protectivementalarmorthatnormallystandsbetweenusandourperceptionsoftheworldistornaway.Totranslate:在事情发生的那一瞬间，我们的安全感被冲破了，平时处于我们与我们对世界的种种看法之间的自我保护的精神盔甲被剥离了。在那个时刻，我们不会受到攻击的观念被洞穿，自我保护的精神盔甲被撕碎，而这一盔甲通常是挺立在我们和我们对世界的看法之间的。Oureverydaylifescripts-ourhabits,self-perceptionsandassumptions–gooutthewindow,andweareleftwitharawexperienceoftheworld.(Para.12)goout(of)thewindow:ifaquality,principle,orideagoesoutofthewindow,itdoesnotexistanymoree.g.

Thenpeoplestartdrinkingandsensegoesoutofthewindow.

Moretodoperception:n.感觉，知觉，领悟力，认识，观念e.g.敏锐的洞察力e.g.Hisperceptionofthechangecameinaflash.perceive:v.becomeawareof,havetheknowledgeofespeciallythroughtheeyesorthemind;toachieveunderstandingof;apprehend.认知，理解e.g.

to

perceivetobaccouseassymbolsofmanhood透过现象看本质e.g.seethroughtheappearancetoperceivetheessence

acuteperceptionMoretodoperceptive,perceptual,perceptibleThesechangeswerealready____________beforethewar.Idonotknowwhetherthe___________PeterLeebelievedme.

Anyonewhothinksthatrationalknowledgeneednotbederivedfrom___________knowledgeisanidealist.

perceptible:adj.formalthatcanbeperceived;noticeableperceptive:adj.apprec.showinganunusuallygoodabilitytonoticeandunderstand

perceptibleperceptualperceptiveOureverydaylifescripts-outhabits,self-perceptionsandassumptionsgooutthewindow,andweareleftwitharawexperienceoftheworld.Totranslate:我们的日常生活轨迹（我们的习惯，自我认识和主观意念）全部被抛到九霄云外，只剩下对世界的原始体验。Whatmakesthemdifferentis…incorporate

whathappenedintothestoryoftheirownlife.（Para13）incorporate:v.tounite(onething)withsomethingelsealreadyinexistence;Tocausetomergeorcombinetogetherintoaunitedwholee.g.

incorporateonefirmwithanothere.g.

Butwecanincorporatesomeoftheirapproachwhichwillstrengthenourareasofweakness.Butin

retrospect,whattheygainedwasmorethantheyeveranticipated.(Para.15)retrospect:n.areview,survey,orcontemplationofthingsinthepastinretrospect:lookingbackwardorreviewingthepaste.g.

Inretrospect,itwastheirgenerositywithwhattheyknewthatmadethemsmarter.e.g.

Inretrospect,thepast100yearsofhumanexistencehavebeenextremelyexciting,andextremelyfrighteningaswell.Forultramarathoners,whoregularlyrun100-mileracesthatlastmorethan24hours,…(Para.16)ultra-:beyondtherange,scopeorlimitofe.g.

ultrasonicscanninge.g.

ultraliberale.g.ultraleftistultra-:beyond,ontheothersideof

e.g.

ultraviolet

e.g.

ultrared

Theshort-termsacrifice…isoutweighedby…(Para.17)out-:1)

excellingorsurpassinginaparticularaction

e.g.outlastoutlive2)indicatinganexternallocationorsituationawayfromthecentre

e.g.outpostoutpatient3)indicatingemergence,anissuingforth,etc.

e.g.outgrowth4)indicatingtheresultofanaction

e.g.outcometheemotionalrewardcan

compensate

forthe

painanddifficultyofadversity.(Para18)compensate:v.serveasorprovideasubstituteorcounterbalance.e.g.

Sheusedhergoodlookstocompensateforherlackofintelligence.compensative:adj.偿还的，补充的，赔偿的e.g.compensativesuretyship赔偿保证Thisperspectivedoesnot

cancelout

whathappened,(Para.18)cancelout:towipeouttheeffectofsomething;doawaywith,eliminatee.g.

Thenewtaxeffectivelycancelsoutmyraise.e.g.

Theprosandconscancelout.e.g.Herkindnessandgenerositycanceloutheroccasionalflashesoftemper.

他的缺点抵销了他的优点。e.g.Hisweaknessescancelouthisvirtues.

ComprehensionCheck“Still,actuallyimplementingthesechanges,aswellasfullycomingtotermswithanewreality,usuallytakesconsciouseffort.”(Para.12)Whatdoesthesentencemean?Answer:Changesdonotcomebythemselveswithoutactionbeingtakenbyourselves.ComprehensionCheckWhatistheconclusiontheauthorhasmade?Answer:It’spossibletoliveanextraordinaryrewardinglifeevenwithintheconstraintsandstrugglesweface.IfyouwillcollectthegrossnationalhappinessindexforChinain2014,whichtwodays/eventswillyouchoosetoanalyze?Why?ImaginesomeonereadingyourFacebookstatusupdatesandparsingyourwordstoassesshowhappyorsadyouareatanyparticularmoment.Nowimagineapplyingthatsameparsingtechnologynotjusttoyou,buttoallofFacebook’s100millionAmericanusers.Theresult:Facebook’sGrossNationalHappinessindex,ameasureofthenationalmood.Themethodologyissomewhatcomplicated—Facebookcountsthenumberof“positive”and“negative”wordsusedineachstatusupdate,convertsthemtopercentages,findsaveragepercentsbasedonallusersthatday,thensubtractsthe“negativepercent”fromthe“positivepercent”togetavaluefortheyaxis—buttheresultsareclear:Weekendsandholidaysarebetterthanmidweek,andMother’sDayandFather’sDay’09recordedmorehappinessthan’08.parse:tomakesenseof,comprehend,分析，解析e.g. top-downparse Isimplycouldn’tparsewhatyouju