软件工程专业外语题库28

软件工程专业外语题库第一章一,MultipleChoice（选择题）Circletheletterorfillinthecorrectanswer.一.Amontermthatdescribesthebinationofasmartphoneandatabletis.a.notebookputerb.handheldputerc.tabletputerd.Phablet二.Application-specificputersarenotincludingthea.portabledataterminalb.carputerc.smartphonesd.wearableputer三.WhichofthefollowingisnotbelongingtothefeaturesofMobileputers?a.portabilityb.smallsizec.wirelessmunicationd.Data四.AndroidOS,iOS,WindowsPhoneandBlackBerryareallexamplesofa.applicationsoftwareb.mobileoperatingsystemsc.browsersd.desktopoperatingsystems五.Mobileappswereoriginallyofferedforgeneralproductivityandinformationretrieval,butdon’tincluding.a.microprocessorb.calendarc.E-Maild.weatherinformations六.Smartphonesaremobilephoneswithanadvancedmobileoperatingsystem.Whichoneisnotasmartphone?a.iPhoneb.XiaomiMi四c.iPadd.SamsungGalaxyS六七.Whichoneistheprimarynavigationandinformation"hub"onAndroiddevices?a.Homescreenb.widgetsc.iconsd.Statusbar八.ThefourlayersofAndroidarchitecturearenotincluding:a.Linuxkernelb.librariesc.applicationd.harddisk九.TheServicesofGooglePlaydoesnotincluda.GooglePlayMusicandeBooksb.GooglePlayWorksheetanddocumentc.GooglePlayNewsstandandgamesd.GooglePlayMovies&TV一零.ThelowestlayerofAndroidarchitecture,Linuxkernel(version二.六),providescoresystemservices,suchas.a.Memorymanagement,processmanagement,workstack,securityanddrivermodelb.Activitymanager,windowsmanager,contentprovidersandtheviewsystemc.Notificationmanager,packagemanager,ttelephonemanagerandresourcemanagerd.locationmanagerandXMPPservice.True/FalseQuestions（判断题）一.Devicesthatareportable,butusedwhilestationary,aresometimesremovedfromthegroupofmobileputingdevices.二.Amobileoperatingsystemisanoperatingsystem(OS)forsmartphones,tablets,PDAsanddesktopputers.三.Atypicalmobiledevicewillfitintheaverageadult’shandorpocket.四.Theterm"app"isashorteningoftheterm"systemsoftware".五.GPSistheGlobalPositioningSystemisatime-basednavigationsystemthatprovideslocationandtimeinformationinallweatherconditions.六.iPhoneisalineofsmartphonesdesignedandmarketedbyAppleInc.七.RedmiNoteisaphabletandthesecondsmartphoneintheMiSeries.八.Ahomescreenmaybemadeupofseveralpagesthattheusercanswipebackandforthbetween.九.Apple’sapplicationsareavailablethroughGooglePlayeitherfreeofchargeoratacost.一零.AndroidruntimeincludesasetofcorelibrariesthatprovidesmostofthefunctionalityavailableinthecorelibrariesoftheJavaprogramminglanguage.FillintheBlanks（填空题）一.Amobileputer,alsoknownasa,isdescribedasasmall,,puterandcontainingInteraccess.二.GooglePlayoffersanonlinestorewithover二二millionsongs.三.TwomajorCPUarchitecturesdominatethemobileputersmarket,theyareARMHoldings’architectureandIntel’sarchitecture.四.iPhoneisalineofsmartphonesdesignedandmarketedbyAppleInc.andrunsApple’smobileoperatingsystem.五.GalaxyNoteisaseriesofAndroid-basedhigh-end.六.InFamilySharing,familymemberscansharepurchasedapps,music,movies,TVshows,andusingthesamecreditcard.七.Androidisacurrentlydevelopedby.八.Aisamobilephonewithanadvancedmobileoperatingsystemwhichbinesfeaturesofapersonalpwteroperatingsystemwithotherfeaturesusefulformobileorhandhelduse.九.municationiscapableofaccessingtheInterthroughBluetoothorWi-Fiworks.一零.Thethreetypesofapplication-specificputersare:,portabledataterminalputersandwearableputers.Short-answerQuestions（简答题）Whatarethesixtypesofmobileputers?二.Describethreetypesofapplication-specificputers.三.DescribetheCPUarchitecturesofmobileputers.四.Definemobileoperatingsystem.Listfourmontypesofmobileoperatingsystems.五.WhatareApps?六.DescribemobileApps.七.DescribethefeaturesofiPhone六.八.DescribethemonfeaturesofiOS九.九.DescribethreetypesofAndroidsmartphones.一零.DescribeSamsungGalaxyNote.一一.DescribetheRedmiSeriesofsmartphones.一二.DescribehowtheAndroidsystemstarted.一三.DescribeAndroidhomescreenandstatusBar.一四.ListanddescribefourlayersofAndroidArchitecture.一五.ListanddescribefiveofthemostmonservicesofGooglePlay.一六.Whatarethefourfeaturesofmobileputers?第二章MultipleChoice（选择题）Circletheletterorfillinthecorrectanswer.一.,alsoknownastheclassiclifecycle,isasequentialdevelopmentapproach,inwhichdevelopmentisseenasflowingsteadilydownwardsthroughseveralphases.a.Theincrementalmodelb.Thewaterfallmodelc.Theiterativemodeld.Thespiraldevelopment二.Anyagilesoftwareprocessmustbe—soastomanageunpredictabilitythatencounteredinthemajorityofsoftwareprojects.a.unchangedb.similarc.simpled.Adaptable三.Thegoalofistoproducealistofrequirementsforaneworrevisedinformationsystem.themaintenancephaseb.softwaredesignphasec.Reengineeringd.thesystemanalysisphase四.Inthedesignphase,willbefinishedforaneworrevisedinformationsystem.a.aprojectdevelopmentplanb.arequirementsreportc.applicationspecificationsd.Document五.,istheexaminationandalterationofasoftwaresystemtoreconstituteitinanewformandthesubsequentimplementationofthenewform.a.Systemanalysisb.Softwaredesignc.Reengineeringd.Maintenance六.Theactivitiesofreengineeringgenerallyincludeinventoryanalysis,,forwardengineering,documentationrestructuring,datarestructuringanddatarestructuring.a.implementationb.reverseengineeringc.Softwaretestd.Maintenance七.referstoanalyzinganinventoryofallapplicationswhicheverysoftwareorganizationshouldhave.a.Systemanalysisb.Forwardreengineeringc.Inventoryanalysisd.Dataanalysis八.generallyinvolvesextractingdesignartifactsandbuildingorsynthesizingabstractionsthatarelessimplementation-dependent.a.Softwareengineeringb.Reverseengineeringc.Softwarereengineeringd.Softwareprocess九.occursatdifferentlevelsofabstractionandisoftenthefirstreengineeringtask.a.Reverseengineeringofprocessb.Reverseengineeringuserinterfacesc.Reverseengineeringofdatad.Documentrestructuring一零.Beforemoredetailedreverseengineeringworkoccurs,theoveralloftheentireapplicationsystemmustbeunderstood.a.systemrequirementsb.systemdesignc.datastructured.FunctionalityTrue/FalseQuestions（判断题）一.Inordertoreducetheinfluencesofsoftwarecrises,theputerscientistsdiscussedthesoftwarecrisesproblemsatinternationalconferenceatGermanin一九六零.二.Asoftwareprocessisacollectionofactivities,actions,andtasksthatareperformedwhensoftwareistobebuilt.三.Processesandtoolsoutweighindividualsandinteractions.四.Workingsoftwareoverprehensivedocumentation.五.Producingaprojectdevelopmentplanusuallyoccursintheperiodoftheanalysisphase.六.Reengineeringtasksareallowedtomodifybusinessfunctionality.七.Softwaremigrationsarealsoreengineeringefforts.八.Theterm"reverseengineering"originatefromtheanalysisofhardware.九.Reverseengineeringmuststartfromparativehighlevelofabstraction.一零.ThereareonlytwosubareasofReverseengineering,redocumentationanddesignrecovery.三,FillintheBlanks（填空题）一.Therearefivephasesinthesoftwaredevelopmentlifecycle,inwhichenpassesplanning,,design,andmaintenancephase.modelisanevolutionarysoftwareprocessmodelthatcouplestheiterativenatureofprototypingwiththecontrolledandsystematicaspectsofthewaterfallmodel.三.Thegoaloftheplanningphaseisto.四.Duringtheimplementationphase,thedevelopersshouldpurchaseandinstallhardwareand/orsoftware,createapplications,,finalizedocumentation,,convertdata,converttonewsystem.五.andaretwohistoricreengineeringinitiatorsthatnearlynopanywasabletoescape.六.ThegoalsofreverseengineeringareandCreatingrepresentationsofthesysteminanotherformoratahigherlevelofabstraction.七.Thecoreofreverseengineeringisanactivitycalled.八.referstotransformingalegacydatabaseaccordingtonewtechnicalrequirements,whilekeepingtheinformationcontentsunchanged.九.Reverseengineeringtounderstandprocessingbeginswithanattempttounderstandandthenextractrepresentedbythesourcecode.一零.Beforeauserinterfacecanberebuilt,shouldoccur.四,Short-answerQuestions（简答题）一.Whatissoftwareengineering?二.Whatisasoftwareprocessmodel?Explaintheroleofsoftwareprocessmodelindevelopmentactivities.三.Howmanysoftwareprocessmodelshavebeendiscussedinthischapter?四.Howmanyphasesarethereinthesoftwaredevelopmentlifecycle?Describethetasksofeachphase.五.Whatissoftwarereengineering?六.Discussthetwotypicalreengineeringproblems.七.Whatkindsofactivitiesareincludedinasoftwarereengineeringmodel?八.Explainthemainreasonsthatmanycorporationsneedapragmaticstrategyforsoftwarereengineering.九.Discusstheroleofeachactivityincludedinasoftwarereengineeringmodel.一零.Definereverseengineering.一一.Describethereverseengineeringprocess.一二.Howmanystepswillbetakentoconvertalegacysystemtoamoderndatabasetechnology?第三章MultipleChoice（选择题）Circletheletterorfillinthecorrectanswer.一.isadatabasemanagementsystemthatprimarilyreliesonmainmemoryforputerdatastorage.a.Adiskresidentdatabasemanagementsystemb.DRAMc.Amainmemorydatabasesystemd.Cache二.InDRDBMSs,eachdataaccesshastogotothetomakesuredataisstillinmainmemory.a.CPUb.cachemanagerc.filemanagerd.datamanager三.InDRDBMSshavetraditionallybeenthebottleneck.a.CPUaccessb.diskaccessesc.pointeraccessd.cacheaccess四.Toreducethenumberofdiskaccesses,cachingisused,andspecialindexstructures,like,weredeveloped.a.theB+treec.theBtreeb.theTtreed.theAVLtree五.InMMDBMSstheareusedasindexstructures.a.B+treesb.Ttreesc.Btreesd.AVLtrees六.Theisabinarysearchtreewhosenodescontainmorethanoneitemtoreducethenumberofcallstothemainmemorymanagementandtoreducetheamountofmemoryconsumedbypointers.a.B+treeb.AVLtreec.Btreed.Ttree七.InMMDBs,onemonmechanismistobesidesusingbackupcopiesofthedata,whichcanprotectdataincaseofafailure.a.loggingtodiskb.checkpointingc.Btreed.cacheaccess八.canoptimizethecacheperformancetoachieveanadditionalspeedup.a.B+treeb.Cache-sensitivesearchtreesc.Btreed.Ttree九.Oneveryexpensivesolutionforafasterresponsetimeandguaranteepersistenceistouse.a.flashROMb.harddiskc.solid-statedisksd.floppydisk一零.Onemonlyusedmechanismis,whichcankeepthetimeneededforadatabaserecoveryshortandguaranteethatthebackupofdatabaseiskeptup-to-date.a.checkpointingc.mittingtransactionsb.pointerd.groupmittingTrue/FalseQuestions（判断题）一.InMMDBMSsthesituationisdifferent:Sincedataisguaranteedtostaypresentinmainmemory,indexstructuresandalltheotherpartsofthedatabaseneedtoconsiderdiskaccessandcanbetunedforlowputationalcost.二.In一九八四,D.J.DeWittfirstputforwardtheconceptof"Mainmemorydatabase"inhispaper.三.Inthetimerequiredforonesinglediskaccess,aprocessorcanperformuptoseveralmillioninstructions.四.DRDBMSshaveanedgeoverMMDBMSsinsomerespectssincemanysimplificationscanbeusedthatreducetheprocessingpowerrequiredwhendataisguaranteedtobeinmainmemory.五.TheB+tree,aspecialindexstructures,wasdevelopedforDRDBMSs.六.ADRDBMSrondatabeingcachedinmainmemory.七.MMDBMSsmustnotbeabletosupporttheACIDpropertiesknownfromconventionalatabasesystems.八.AmitinMMDBmustbeabletoguaranteepersistence.九.AverysmallblocksizecanbeusedinMMDBssincesmallblockscanbewrittentodiskmoreefficiently.一零.Datainmainmemoryisnotlostafterafailureofputersystemandduringasimplerestartofthesystem.FillintheBlanks（填空题）一.ThekeydifferenceisthatinanMMDBMS.二.Bothconventionaldiskresidentdatabasemanagementsystems(DRDBMSs)andmainmemorydatabasemanagementsystems(MMDBMSs)processdatain,andbothkeepa(backup)copyon.三.Themainmemorydatabasecharacterizemanyexcellentfeatures,suchas,and,parallelprocessingpower.四.ThedevelopmentofMMDBgoesthroughtheperiods.五.Themostimportantoptimizationsindisk-basedsystemsareto,toprefersequentialaccess,andtokeeptheprocessorbusywhilewaitingforI/O.六.InMMDBMSs,performanceisonlydeterminedbyused.七.Mainmemoryisandisincaseofapowerfailure.八.Anothersolutiontoguaranteepersistenceisbyusingadistributed,fault-tolerantwritecache.九.Inordertoreducetheresponsetime,andareusedtosolvethisproblem.一零.Toachievemaximumparallelism,shouldbeassmallaspossible.四,Short-answerQuestions（简答题）一.Whatisamainmemorydatabase?二.Describethedifferencesbetweenmainmemorydatabaseanddiskresidentdatabase.三.HowmanyfeaturesdoMMDBshave?四.WhatistherudimentofMMDBs?五.Howmanystepswillbetakentoconvertalegacysystemtoamoderndatabasetechnology?六.Howmanysolutionstoguaranteepersistenceinmainmemorydatabasesdomentioninthechapter?第四章一,MultipleChoice（选择题）Circletheletterorfillinthecorrectanswer.SupposeaputerwantstosendapacketonEther.whatdoestheputerfirstwaitfor?a.Waitsforitsscheduledtimeinthepredeterminedtransmissionschedule.b.WaitsforthecentralEthercontrollertosignalthattransmissionisnowpermitted.c.Waitsfortherecipientputertosignalthatitisready.d.WaitsfortheEtherwiretobequiet.二.Fortransmission,the五零KBoftheimageisdividedintopackets.Thepacketisthenaturalunitoftransmissionwithinworking.Inthiscase,sayeachpacketisabout一五零零bytes(atypicalEtherpacketsize),thenthebytesofthe五零KBimagecouldbedividedintoabouthowmanypackets.a.三六b.三二c.一零一d.一二零三.WhichoneisnotthefeatureofEther?a.Sharedb.DistributedandCollaborative.c.Secure.d.Performancedegrades.四.WhichoneofthefollowingisnotavalidIPaddress?a.一一.二五零.三.四b.一.二.三.四c.四五.六七.二一二.一零零d.四二.二五七.九九.一一五.Whichofthefollowingisgenerallynottrueaboutrouters?a.Routerscheckthecentralinter-mapwhichshowsroutesforallpackets.b.Routersgetpacketsfromputers,forwardthemon.c.Routerscontinuouslymonitorthestatusoftheirconnections.d.Routersforwardeachpacketonehopclosertoitsfinaldestination.六.Whatdoespingdo?a.Notifiesthelocalrouterthattheputerwantsmorepackets.b.Sendsa"areyouthere"packettoaputer,gettingbacka"yes"packet.c.Notifiesthelocalrouterthattheputerdoesnotwantanymorepackets.d.Sendsa"whoisthere"packet,gettingbackadescriptionoftherecipient.七.Whichoneofthefollowingistheworstpassword?a.snyrk三四b.XXagflib一c.Xxagflibd.Password八.Again,whichoneofthefollowingistheworstpassword?a.hygyslb.ipludtc.secretd.Ahtygx九.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesaphishingattack?a.Trytoobtainthepasswordbytrickingthevictimintologgingintoafakebutrealisticlookingwebsite.b.Trytofigureoutthepasswordbycontinuouslyattemptingtologinwithpasswordguesses.c.Trytofigureoutthepasswordbyinterceptingthepacketsoftheloginworktransaction.d.Trytoobtainthepasswordbybreakingintothevictim’shouseandlookingforitwrittendownsomewhere.一零.WhichoneofthefollowingE-MailslookslikeaTrojanattack?a.Pleasevisit.scwhab.bad-guy.ruandloginwithyourregularpassword—thestandardlog-inpageisbrokentoday.b.Wehavedetectedavirusonyourputer.Pleasedownloadandrunthisprogramtocheck:SuperVirusChecker.exec.Ihave二七milliondollarshereinSpain.Ifyouwillsendmeyourcontactinfotohelpmetransferthemoneytoyouraccount,Iwouldbehappytogiveyou一零%ofit.Pleasehelpme,you’remyonlyhope!d.Thisisaveryimportantmessagefromyourbank.PleaseE-Mailusyourpasswordsowecanverifyit.一一.Howtobesttoavoidbeingattackedthrougha"vulnerability"?a.Rebootyourmachineeachmorning.b.Avoidwebsiteswherepeoplepostpicturesofcats.c.Keepallyourinter-facingsoftwareatthelatestversion.d.Alwaysuseafakeidentitywhenforumposting.二,True/FalseQuestions（判断题）一.EtherLANcansendmorethanonepackageatsametime.二.Wi-FihasthesimilarstrategytoEther:三.Etherhasnocentralcontrol.四.Everyputerhasauniqueaddress.五.Whenyouuseadomainname,itislookeduptogetanIPaddressfortheactualpackets.六.TheInterisessentiallymadeofabigwebofrouterstalkingtoeachother.七.Typicallythebadguysarecraftingsomeattackjustforyou.八.Don’ttrustURLsinE-Mailsorrandomsites,especiallywhenleadingtoaloginpage.九.HTTPSencryptedallthepacketsbeforetheywerebroadcast.一零.Don’tre-usepasswordsacrossimportantsites.三,FillintheBlanks（填空题）Ifeachpacketis一五零零bytes(varies),五零KBimage.jpgdividesintoaboutpackets.二.AWi-Fiworkmakesuseoftotransmitinformationacrossawork.三."Collision"happenswhentwoputerstransmit.四.Themostmonwayforaputertobe"ontheinter"istoestablishaconnectionwithawhichisalreadyontheinter.五.TheIPaddressisbytes,writtenbetweendots.六.DHCPmeans:-automaticallyconfigureworksettingstoworklocally.七.referstosophisticatedattackstargetedataspecificperson.八.isawayofscramblingthebytessothatevenifintercepted,theyaremeaningless.九.ismalwaredisguisedassomethingelse.一零.Abugthatallowsatakeoverofamachinebythebadguyiscalleda.四,Short-answerQuestions（简答题）一.WhatisLAN?二.WhatisEther?三.Howthedataaresendingfromoneputertoanother?四.WhatisthepatternofsendingonepacketonEther?五.WhatisWi-Fi?六.WhatisthedifferencebetweenEtherLANandWi-Fi?七.WhatarethefeaturesoftheEtherDesign?八.WhatisIPaddress?九.Whatisdomainname?一零.Whatisrouter?一一.Whatdoesitmeanforaputertobeontheinter?一二.Whatis"ping"?一三.Whatis"traceroute"?一四.Whatdoesaputerlikefromawtside?一五.Whatisthesuggestionsofagoodpassword?一六.WhatisPhishing?一七.WhatisMalwareAttack?Howtoavoidit?一八.WhatisTrojan?Howtoavoidit?一九.WhatisVulnerability?Howtoavoidit?第五章MultipleChoice（选择题）Circletheletterorfillinthecorrectanswer.一.AIstandsfora.AutomaticIntelligenceb.ArtificialIntelligencec.AutomaticInformationd.ArtificialInformation二.AllofthefollowingareexamplesofAIapplicationfields,excepta.AppleWatchb.MicrosoftExcelc.DaVincirobotd.YuMi三.Whichoneofthefollowingquestionscanbesolvedthroughintuitionandreasoning?a.Numericb.Logicalc.Unstructuredd.Structured四.Whichoneofthefollowingisnotalong-termgoalofAIresearch?a.socialintelligenceb.creativityc.generalintelligenced.specialintelligence五.Therearethreetypesofmachinelearning,except:a.unsupervisedlearningb.supervisedlearningc.associatelearningd.reinforcementlearning六.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotpertaintoanexpertsystem?a.Itisatypeofartificialintelligence.b.Itusesadatabasecontainingfactsandrulestorelatethesefacts.c.Thesequenceofprocessingisnotdeterminedbytheinteractionoftheuserandtheknowledgebase.d.Itusesfuzzylogic.Perceptionsystemrobots.a.actasatransportationsystem,likea"mailmobile".b.imitatesomehumansenses.c.performmanufacturingtaskslikepaintingcars.d.areanothernameforvirtualreality.八.May一九九七,thefamous"man-machinewar",aputerdefeatedtheworldchesschampionGarryKasparov.Theputeriscalleda.DeepBlueb.IBMc.Ponderd.BlueSky九.Duda,Stanforduniversity,whodevelopedexpertsystemforgeologicalprospecting.a.PROSPECTORb.MYCINc.DENDRLd.MACSYMA一零.Whichofthefollowingisnottheapplicationofartificialintelligence?a.APPLEWATCHb.GoogleAtlas五c.ABB’sYuMid.GalaxyNo-一superputerTrue/FalseQuestions（判断题）一.Wehaveachievedartificialintelligencethatcorrespondstohumanintelligence.二.Machinelearningisawaytogetintelligencemachine.三.Fieldofartificialintelligenceresearchasadisciplinefoundedin一九五六.四.Thegoalofartificialintelligenceistoallowmachinestothinkforpeople.五.Thegoldenageofartificialintelligenceis一九五六-一九七四.六.Robotscanreplacehumansinhazardousenvironments.七.Expertsystemsuseatypeofdatabaseknownasaknowledgebaseinordertoprovideassistancetousers.八.Artificialintelligenceshort-termgoalistomakeexistingputersnotonlydonumericaldataprocessingingeneralandnon-numericalinformation,butalsoareabletouseknowledgeprocessingproblemsandevensimulatethehumanpartofintelligentbehavior.九.MYCINexpertsystemthatismadebyFeigenbaumisusedtoassistphysiciansinthediagnosisofbacterialinfectiondisease,andtoprovidethebestprescription.一零.Industrialrobotsareusedextensivelyintheautomotiveindustry.FillintheBlanks（填空题）一.ThecentralproblemsofAIresearchinclude,,,learning,,perceptionandtheabilitytomoveandmanipulateobjects.二.Expertsystemrealizedtheartificialintelligencefromto,andisanimportantbreakthroughinthehistoryofthedevelopmentofAI.三.systems,alsoknownasknowledge-basedsystems,areatypeofartificialintelligencethatusesadatabasetoprovideassistancetousers.四.Thelong-termgoalsintheresearchpertainingtoartificialintelligenceare,,and.五.isthefieldofartificialintelligencethatfocusesondesigningputerrepresentationsthatcaptureinformationabouttheworldthatcanbeusedtosolveplexproblems.六.Machinelearningisthestudyofputeralgorithmsthatimproveautomaticallythrough.七.istheattempttoproduceafunctionthatdescribestherelationshipbetweeninputsandoutputsandpredictshowtheoutputsshouldchangeastheinputschange.八.areputer-controlledmachinesoftenusedtohandledangerousandrepetitivetasks.九.Atlasisawhichhasahighdegreeofmobility.一零.iscladinGerman-Italianmedievalarmor,andisabletomakeseveralhuman-likemotions.四,Short-answerQuestions（简答题）Discussthedevelopmentofartificialintelligence.二.Describetheartificialintelligence’sbirth.三.Discussthegoldenyearsofartificialintelligence.四.Definetheshort-termgoalofartificialintelligence.五.Definethelong-termgoalofartificialintelligence.六.Explainsocialintelligence,creativity,andgeneralintelligence.七.Listsevenmajorresearchesonartificialintelligence.八.Explaindeduction,reasoning,andproblemsolving.九.Explainknowledgerepresentation.一零.Learnaboutautomatedplanningandscheduling.一一.Explainwhatmachinelearningis.一二.Discussnaturallanguageprocessing.一三.DiscussAIgame.一四.Discusswhatareashaveusedartificialintelligence?一五.AnswerwhatcharacteristicsofartificialintelligencehavebeenusedinApple’sproducts?第六章一,MultipleChoice（选择题）Circletheletterorfillinthecorrectanswer.一.Ina二零零一researchreportandrelatedlectures,Gartnerdefineddatagrowthchallengesandopportunitiesasbeingthree-dimensional,excepta.volumeb.velocityc.varietyd.veracity二.Thispropertyofthedatadeterminesthevalueandpotentialofthedataunderconsideration,andwhetheritcanactuallybeconsideredbigdataornot.a.volumeb.velocityc.varietyd.veracity三.Thebigdatasetscanbeobtainedfromthephysicalworld,suchasa.economicsb.sensorworksc.socialworksd.transportation四.Thebigdatasetsproducedbyhumanactivitiesarea.scientificexperimentsb.sensorworksc.socialworksd.genomeprojects五.Amazonusescustomerdatatopoweritsremendationengine"youmayalsolike…"basedonatypeofpredictivemodelingtechniquecalled.a.loyaltyprogramb.tailormarketingc.collaborativefilteringd.vendor-managedinventory六.Whobelievesthatscientificdiscoveryhasexperiencedfourparadigms.a.McKinseyb.GinniRomettyc.JimGrayd.AlanTurning七.Thisisthefourthparadigmforscientificexploration.a.experimentalscienceb.theoreticalsciencec.putationalscienced.data-intensivescience八.Softwareefficiencyandeffectivenesshavetodowitha.sizeandspeedofstoragesystemsb.architectsandalgorithmsc.CPUfrequencyandparallelismd.municationbandwidth.九.Howtocopewithuncertainty,imprecision,missingvalues,misstatementsoruntruthsisthechallengeofa.volumeb.velocityc.varietyd.veracity一零.Thesearefeasibleandeffectivetechniquesfordatareductionexcepta.indexingb.samplingc.aggregationd.dimensionreductionTrue/FalseQuestions（判断题）一.Bigdata"size"isaconstantlymovingtarget.二.Velocityisanindicationofdataintegrityandtheabilityforanorganizationtotrustthedataandbeabletoconfidentlyuseittomakecrucialdecisions.三.Facebookcurrentlyholdsmorethan四五billionphotosinitsuserdatabase,anumberthatisgrowingdaily.四.Largepaniesacrosstheglobehavescoredearlysuccessesintheiruseofbigdata.五.Therearenotableexamplesofpaniesaroundtheglobethatarewell-knownfortheirextensiveandeffectiveuseofdata,includingTesco’sloyaltyprogram,Amazon’scollaborativefiltering,Harrah’stailormarketing,andWal-Mart’svendor-managedinventory.六.TheMcKinseyreportpointedoutthatbigdatamaygiveafullplaytotheeconomicfunction,improvetheproductivityandpetitivenessofenterprisesandpublicsectors.七.Inthelastfewhundredyears,therewastheoreticalscience,withKepler’sLaws,Newton’sLawsofMotion,Maxwell’sequations,andsoon.Thisisthethirdparadigm.八."Databasemachine"isatechnologyspeciallyusedforstoringandanalyzingdata.九.TheconceptofbigdatawasfirstproposedonaresearchreporttitledExtractingValuesfromChaosi