江苏省江阴二中要塞中学等四校2024-2025学年高一英语上学期期中试题含解析

PAGEPAGE29江苏省江阴二中、要塞中学等四校2024-2025学年高一英语上学期期中试题（含解析）本试卷满分150分考试时间120分钟第一部分听力(共两节，每小题1.5分，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whoisthemanpossiblytalkingto?A．Adoctor.B．Ateacher.C．Hismother.2．WhatdoweknowaboutSam?A．HissisterwillleaveforNewYork.B．HissisterwillleaveforLosAngeles.C．HewillleaveNewYork.3．Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A．Rewritethepaper.B．Throwthepaperaway.C.Readthepaperagain.4．Whydoesthewomanthanktheman?A.Helenthersomemoney.B.Hegaveherafive­poundbill.C.Hereturnedhermoneyfound.5．Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Atanairport.B．Atarailwaystation.C．Atadepartmentstore.其次节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。6．Whomdoyouthinkthewomanwasangrywith?A．Theman.B．Therepairman.C．Theshopkeeper.7．Whycouldn’tthewomanfindtherepairshop?A．Shemissedtherightturn.B．Themangaveherthewrongdirections.C．Shewasabaddriver.8．Whydidthemantellhertoturntothesetelevisionrepairmen?A．TheshopwaseasytofindB．Oneoftherepairmenwashisfriend.C．Theydidgoodworkandthepricewasreasonable.听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。9．What’stherelationshipbetweenthemanandthewoman?A．Theyareteacherandstudent.B．Theyarefriends.C.Theyaremotherandson.10．Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A．Lookforanewapartment.B．Findajobtoearn200amonth.C．Shareanapartmentwithoneortworoommates.11．Howmuchdoesthewomanwanttospendonrent?A.Lessthan200amonth.B.Somewhereabout200amonth.C.Alittlemorethan200amonth.听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。12．Whatisthewomangoodat?A．Swimming.B．Running.C．Playing.13．Howoldwasshewhenshebecamefamous?A．Shewastwenty.B．Shewasthirteen.C．Shewasfifteen.14．Whatcanwelearnaboutthewomanfromthedialogue?A．ShetookpartinoneoftheOlympicGames.B．Shestillswimsforinternationalcompetitions.C．Sheusedtoswimthirtyfivemileseveryweek.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15．Whathadgonewrongintheirhouse?A．Theirwashingmachine.B．Theelectricity.C．Thelights.16．WhowasMrSmith?A．Arepairman.B．Thewoman’shusband.C．Thewoman’snewneighbor.17．Whydidthemanthinkitwouldcosthimdearly?A．Becausehewantedtobuyacar.B．Becausehedidn’thaveagoodjob.C．Becausetheircarneededrepairing.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Whatwerethestudentsgoingtodo?A．Theyweregoingtoreadtheirarticlesbeforeavideocamera.B．TheyweregoingtoreadnewsonTVC．Theyweregoingtocelebratethewriter’ssister’sbirthday.19．Whywasthewritersonervous?A．Hehadneverstoodbeforeavideocamera.B．Hehadneverreadhisownarticlebeforeavideocamera.C．Thiscamerawasdifferentfromtheonehehadoncefaced.20．Whatwasthewriter’sfeelingstohisclassteacher?A．Nervous.B．Afraid.C．Thankful.其次部分阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAbreathtakingtrickpotentiallyleftoverfromourancestorsmightbefoundinus-theabilitytosenseoxygenthroughourskin.Amphibians,animalssuchasfrogsthatcanlivebothonlandandinwater,havelongbeenknowntobecapableofbreathingthroughtheirskin.Infact,thefirstknownlunglessfrogthatbreathesonlythroughitsskinwasdiscoveredrecentlyintheriversofBorneo.Nowthesameoxygensensorsfoundinfrogskinsandinthelungsofmammals(哺乳动物)haveunexpectedlybeendiscoveredintheskinofmice.“Noonehadeverlooked,”explainedRandallJohnson,abiologistresearcher.Miceandfrogsarequitedistantrelatives,sothefacttheyhavethesemolecules(分子)incommonintheirskinsuggeststheymightwellbefoundintheskinofothermammals,suchashumans.“Wehavenoreasontothinkthattheyarenotintheskinofpeopletoo,”Johnsonsaid.Thesemoleculesnotonlydetectoxygen,buthelpincreaselevelsofvitalredbloodcells,whichcarryoxygenaroundthebody.Normalmicebreathinginairthatis10percentoxygen-adangerouslylowlevelsimilartoconditionsatthetopofMountEverest,andabouthalfthatofairatsealevel.However,micethathadtheoxygensensorHIF-1ageneticallyremovedfromtheirskinfailedtoproducethishormone(荷尔蒙)evenafterhoursofsuchlowoxygen.Thesefindings,iftheyholdtrueinhumans,suggestonecouldraisethelevelofoxygencirculatinginsidethebody.Thiscouldhelptreatlungdiseasesanddisorderssuchasanemia(贫血症)withoutinjectingdrugs,whichmakeupamultibillion-dollarmarket,Johnsonsaid.Athletesalsooftentrytogetmoreoxygendeliveredtotheirmusclesinordertoimprovetheirperformance.Theyoftendothisbytrainingathighaltitudesorinlow-oxygentents.Thenewstudysuggeststheymightwanttoexposetheirskinaswellasbreathinginlow-oxygenairtoimprovetheirperformance.“It’shardtosaywhatexactlymightbedone,however-there’salotwedon’tknowyet,”Johnsonexplained.ThescientistsdetailedtheirfindingsintheApril18issueofthejournalCell.1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.JohnsonbelievesthatOxygensensorsalsoexistinhumanskin.B.PeoplehavetosurftheInternettoreaddetailedfindings.C.Ithasbeenprovedthatthesefindingshelptreatlungdiseases.D.Ithaslongbeenexpectedoxygensensorsexistinmice’sskin.2.Oneofthefunctionsofthemoleculesmentionedaboveis.A.carryingoxygenaroundthebody B.improvingathletes’performanceC.detectingoxygen D.increasinglevelofoxygen3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“circulating”inparagraph8mostprobablymean?A.balancing B.growing C.moving D.gathering4.WhatisJohnson’sattitudetotheapplicationofthefindingstotheathletes’training?A.Negative B.Doubting C.Positive D.Hesitating【答案】1.A2.C3.C4.C【解析】本文是说明文。科学家们发觉人体皮肤是氧气传感器，皮肤中的分子可以检测到氧气，还能帮助增加红细胞的水平，这样可以将氧气输送到全身各处。这一探讨发觉可以用于治疗肺部疾病和贫血症等疾病，也可以运用于运动员的训练中。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第六段“‘Wehavenoreasontothinkthattheyarenotintheskinofpeopletoo,’Johnsonsaid.(约翰逊说：“我们没有理由认为它们不在人们的皮肤里)”可知，A选项“约翰逊认为，氧气传感器也存在于人类皮肤中”正确。故选A。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第七段中“Thesemoleculesnotonlydetectoxygen,buthelpincreaselevelsofvitalredbloodcells,whichcarryoxygenaroundthebody.(这些分子不仅能检测到氧气，还能帮助增加特别重要的红细胞水平，而这可以将氧气输送到全身各处)”可知，这些分子的其中一个作用是检测到氧气。故选C。【3题详解】词义揣测题。依据倒数第四段中“Thesemoleculesnotonlydetectoxygen,buthelpincreaselevelsofvitalredbloodcells,whichcarryoxygenaroundthebody.(这些分子不仅能检测氧气，还能帮助提高至关重要的红细胞的水平，红细胞可以将氧气带到全身各处)”可知画线词所在句意思为：假如这些发觉适用于人类，那么就意味着可以提高氧气在体内移动的水平。由此可知，画线词意思为“移动”。A.balancing平衡；B.growing生长；C.moving移动；D.gathering聚集。故选C。【4题详解】.推理推断题。依据倒数第三段Thesefindings,iftheyholdtrueinhumans,suggestonecouldraisethelevelofoxygencirculatinginsidethebody.Thiscouldhelptreatlungdiseasesanddisorderssuchasanemia(贫血症)withoutinjectingdrugs,whichmakeupamultibillion-dollarmarket,Johnsonsaid.可知假如这些发觉适用于人类，那么就意味着可以提高体内循环的氧气水平。Johnson说，这可以帮助治疗肺部疾病和贫血等疾病，而不须要注射药物，这将创建数十亿美元的市场。由此可推知，Johnson对这些发觉持主动看法。故选C。BTolearntothinkistolearntoquestion.Thosewhodon'tquestionnevertrulythinkforthemselves.Thesearesimplerulesthathavegovernedtheadvancementofscienceandhumanthoughtsincethebeginningoftime.Advancementsaremadewhenthinkersquestiontheories(理论)andintroducenewones.Unfortunately,itisoftenthegreatandrespectedthinkerswhoendupslowingtheprogressofhumanthought.Aristotlewasabrilliantphilosopherwhosetheoriesexplainedmuchofthenaturalworld,oftenincorrectly.Hewassorespectedbythescientificcommunitythateven1,200yearsafterhisdeath,scientistswerestilltryingtobuilduponhismistakesratherthancorrectthem!Brilliantmindscanintimidateup­and­comingthinkerswhoarenotconfidentoftheirabilities.TheyoftenbelievetheyarenotasgoodasthemindsofgiantssuchasAristotle,leadingmanytoacceptcurrentideasinsteadofquestioningthem.I,likemanythinkersofthepast,oncebelievedinmymentalweakness.Iwascertainthatmyparents,myteachers—adultsingeneral—werealwaysright.Theywerelikeatextbooktome;Ididn'tquestionwhatwaswrittenonthosepages.Irespectedthem,andacceptedwhatevertheytoldme.Butthatattitudesoonchanged.Mymind'sindependencewasfirstdevelopedintheclassroom.Astern,65­year­oldelementary­schoolscienceteacheroncetoldmethatlightisatypeofwave.Iconfidentlywentthroughyearsofschoolbelievingthatlightisawave.Oneday，however,IheardtheGermanexchangestudentmentionthatlightcouldbemadeupofparticles(粒子).Astheotherslaughedathisstatement,Istartedtoquestionmybeliefs.Maybetheteachersandtextbookshadn'tgivenmethewholestory.Iwenttothelibrary,didsomeresearchandlearnedofthelight­as­a­waveversuslight­as­a­particledebate.IreadaboutEinstein'sdiscoveryofthedualnatureoflightandlearnedthefactsofaparadox(悖论)thatpuzzlestheworld'sgreatestthinkerstothisday.Lightbehavesasbothaparticleandawave,itisbothatonce.IrealizedIhadgonethroughlifeacceptingonlyhalfofthestoryasthewholetruth.Eachnewyearbroughtmorenewfacts,andIformulatedevenmorequestions.Ifoundmyselfinthelibraryafterschool,tryingtofindmyownanswerstogainamorecompleteunderstandingofwhatIthoughtIalreadyknew.Idiscoveredthatmyparentsandteachersaregoodtoolsinmyquestforknowledge,buttheyareneverthefinalword.Eventextbookscanbechallenged.Ilearnedtoquestionmysources,Ilearnedtobeathinker.IoncebelievedthateverythingIlearnedathomeandatschoolwascertain,butIhavenowdiscoveredtore­examinewhennecessary.Questionsaresaidtobethepathtoknowledgeandtruth,andIplantocontinuequestioning.Howmanythingsdoweknowforsuretodaythatwewillquestioninthefuture?Atthismoment,Iknowthatoursunwillburnforanotherfivebillionyears,andIknownothingcanescapethegravityofablackhole.Thisknowledge,however,maychangeinthenext20years—maybeeveninthenexttwo.Theonethingwecancontrolnowisouropennesstodiscovery.Questionsarethetoolsofopenminds,andopenmindsarethekeytointellectualadvancement.5.Inthefirstparagraph,Aristotleistakenasanexampletoshowthat______.A.heisthegreatestandrespectedphilosopherofalltimeB.hugeinfluenceofgreatthinkersmaystophumanthoughtfromdevelopingC.advancementsaremadewhenthinkersquestiontheoriesD.greatthinkersoftenmakemistakesandthencorrectthem6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intimidate”inParagraph2mean?A.Frighten. B.Encourage. C.Strengthen. D.Persuade.7.Theauthorbegantoquestionhispreviousbeliefsbecause______.A.whathelearnedfromtextbooksbeforeturnedouttobewrongB.hewasinspiredbythedifferentideasfromanexchangestudentC.hewaslaughedatbyotherstudentsforhisunacceptablestatementD.hewasnotsatisfiedwithhislifeanddesperatetoachievesuccess8.Accordingtothepassage,theauthor______.A.looksdownupongreatthinkersallthetimeB.neverdoubtswhathehaslearnedinthetextbookC.alwaysthrowshimselfintothelaboratoryD.isdeterminedtobeathinkerandquestioner9.Wecanconcludefromthelastparagraphthat______.A.theauthorisnotquitesureabouthisfutureB.wehumanbeingsdon'tdaretopredictfutureC.thetheoryofblackholeswillchangeintwoyearsD.questioningisnecessarytopromoteadvancement【答案】5.B6.A7.B8.D9.D【解析】本文是一篇争论文。只有人们质疑以前的理论并提出新的理论时，我们的社会才可以取得进步。质疑是通往学问和真理的道路，质疑可以让我们的思维更加开放，而开放性思维是思想进步的关键因素。本文讲解并描述了质疑权威的重要性。【5题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“Unfortunately,itisoftenthegreatandrespectedthinkerswhoendupslowingtheprogressofhumanthought.（不幸的是，减慢人类思想进程的往往是那些宏大而受人敬重的思想家。）”接着以亚里士多德为例，他提出了很多错误理论，但是碍于他的名望和巨大影响，后世并没有订正，反而在他错误理论的基础上发展，因此作者认为正是这些宏大的思想家从某种程度上阻碍了人类思想的进步。故选B项。【6题详解】词义揣测题。依据下文“TheyoftenbelievetheyarenotasgoodasthemindsofgiantssuchasAristotle,leadingmanytoacceptcurrentideasinsteadofquestioningthem.（他们常常认为自己没有亚里士多德等伟人的头脑那么好，导致很多人接受了当前的观点，而不是质疑它们）”可知后人会忌惮于亚里士多德的权威而不敢反对，因此宏大的头脑会“吓坏”那些后来的对自己没有信念的思想家，选项A.Frighten符合语境，故选A项。【7题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第四段“Oneday，however,IheardtheGermanexchangestudentmentionthatlightcouldbemadeupofparticles(粒子).Astheotherslaughedathisstatement,Istartedtoquestionmybeliefs.（然而有一天，我听到一位德国交换生提到光可以由粒子组成。当其他人讪笑他的陈述时，我起先质疑我的信仰）”可知，作者起先质疑自己之前的信仰，因为他受到了一名交换生不同想法的启发，故选B项。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段“Questionsaresaidtobethepathtoknowledgeandtruth,andIplantocontinuequestioning.（质疑被认为是通往学问和真理的道途径，我安排接着做一个质疑者）”可知，作者决心成为一个思想家和质疑者，故选D项。【9题详解】推理推断题。通读最终一段，尤其是最终一段的“Questionsaresaidtobethepathtoknowledgeandtruth,…（质疑被认为是通往学问和真理的途径）”和“Questionsarethetoolsofopenminds,andopenmindsarethekeytointellectualadvancement.（怀疑是开放思维的工具，而开放的思想是智力进步的关键）”可知，质疑是促进智力进步所必需的。故选D项。CI’moneofsevenchildren.MythreesistersandIgrewupinasmallbedroomwithtwosetsofbeds.Wesharedacloset,adresser,andjustabouteverythingelse.Ourbedroomalwayshadstuffhangingabout.①Howaboutthelifeofonlychildren?Ilookedlonginglyattheirperfectdollsandtoysplacedcarefullyontheirperfectshelvesintheirperfectlittlegirlbedrooms.Theyhadbathroomstothemselves.Theselittlegirlswouldcomehometoeverythingjustperfect.②Lookingback,Ihadtoadmitmy“onlychildren”friendshadnicethings.Theyhaddesignerbedsandbeautifulbedrooms,butIalwayshadsomeonetoplaywithandtalkto.Evenifeveryoneelsehatedme,oneofmysisterswouldnotandthatwasallIneeded.③Ourhousewasthecenterofactivityforthewholeneighborhood.Wehaddanceshowsandbaseballgamesinthestreet.④Wehadeverythingweeverneededbecausewehadeachother.IhavecometorealizethattherearesomanyreasonsthatsistersmakeadifferencetoyourlifeandIcangiveyouafewhere:Theygetyou.Yoursistershavegrownupwithyousotheyknowtheentirebackstoryofyoursituationandeverythingleadingtoit.Theymaynotagreewithyouallthetimebuttheyneverwonderwhyyoudowhatyoudoorsaywhatyousay.Theyhavesufferedwithyouthroughawfultimes.Iknowthatwhenoneofmysistersisunhappy,Iamunhappytoo.Whensomenon-familymembertriestohurtyou,theclawsofthemwillcomeout.Theyhavecheeredyouon.Sistersdogetjealousattimesbut,evenso,theyarehappythatyouaredoingwell.Theyrejoiceatyournewbonusaslongasyoutakethemoutfordrinksandfoods！Theyareonthesamedietasyou.Wearewomeninaworldwherethinnessisequaltobeauty.Nomatterhowunjustthisis,wearealwaysonadiet.Thereisnothinglikeasistercallingandcomplainingabouthowshewantsanicecreamandcan’teverhaveoneagain.Theyareagingatthesamerateasyou.Aswegetolder,wechange,andhowevermiserablethiscanbe,itishearteningtoknowthatsomeonesharesyourmisery.Theyknowwhatyouaregoingthroughbecausetheyaregoingthroughittoo.Thelastandbestthingaboutsistersisthattheystickwithus.Wecanhaveourupsetsandmisunderstandingsbutwealwayscomebacktoeachother.Iknowmanypeoplereadingthismayhavehadupsetswiththeirsisters.AllIcansayiscommunicationfixeseverything.Ifyoumissyoursister,tellherso.IfyouhaveaBFF(BestFriendForever)thathasstuckwithyouthroughthickandthin,adoptherasyoursisterandkeepherclosetoyou.10.Howdoestheauthordevelopthefirstparagraph?A.Bymakingclassification. B.Bymakingcomparison.C.Byexplainingthephenomenon. D.Byprovidingevidence.11.Thefollowingsentenceistakenfromthepassage.Wherecanitmostprobablybe?“Fromaveryyoungage,IreallythoughtIwaspoor.”A.① B.②C.③ D.④12.WhichisNOTthereasonthatsistersmakeadifferencetoyourlife?A.Theygrowoldwithyou.B.Theycansharethesamedietwithyou.C.Theycanunderstandyourstrangebehaviorperfectly.D.Theystandbyyouwhenotherfamilymembershurtyou.13.Theunderlinedword“rejoice”inParagraph6probablymeans________.A.feelgrateful B.showgreatjoyC.appearsurprised D.getdisappointed14.Fromthewholepassage,wecanlearnthattheauthor________.A.hasadoptedherBBFashersisterB.hasexpressedgreatsympathyforonlychildrenC.hadabetterrelationshipwithhersistersthanbrothersD.hasgivensomeadvicetothosewhohadupsetswiththeirsisters15.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.SistersAreMyFortuneinLife B.FamilyLoveIstheLastingTopicC.CommunicationFixesEverything D.SharingThingsGivesYouaBetterLife【答案】10.B11.A12.D13.B14.D15.A【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者结合自己的切身经验告知我们拥有姐妹的好处，她们是自己一生的财宝。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“I’moneofsevenchildren.MythreesistersandIgrewupinasmallbedroomwithtwosetsofbeds.Wesharedacloset,adresser,andjustabouteverythingelse.Ourbedroomalwayshadstuffhangingabout.①Howaboutthelifeofonlychildren?Ilookedlonginglyattheirperfectdollsandtoysplacedcarefullyontheirperfectshelvesintheirperfectlittlegirlbedrooms.Theyhadbathroomstothemselves.”（我是七个孩子中的一个。我和三个姐姐在一间有两套床的小卧房里长大。我们共用一个衣橱，一个梳妆台，还有其他全部的东西。我们的卧房里总是挂着东西。独生女的生活怎么样？我渴望地看着她们完备的玩偶和玩具，当心翼翼地放在她们完备的小女孩卧房里完备的架子上。她们不得不自己去洗手间）可知，作者是通过将“姐妹众多”和“独生女”进行比较来发展第一段的。故选B。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段中“Howaboutthelifeofonlychildren?Ilookedlonginglyattheirperfectdollsandtoysplacedcarefullyontheirperfectshelvesintheirperfectlittlegirlbedrooms.”可知，独生女的生活怎么样？我渴望地看着她们完备的玩偶和玩具，当心翼翼地放在她们完备的小女孩卧房里完备的架子上，这是在与自己的生活进行比较，因此此处是对自己生活的看法，“longingly”一词突出了自己的心理落差，因此“Fromaveryyoungage,IreallythoughtIwaspoor.”（从很小的时候起，我就觉得自己很穷。）最有可能放在①处，故选A。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第五段中“Whensomenon-familymembertriestohurtyou,theclawsofthemwillcomeout.”（当一些非家庭成员试图损害你时，她们会尽力爱护你）可知，“当其他家庭成员损害你时，他们会支持你”不是姐妹们对你的生活有影响的缘由。故选D。【13题详解】词义揣测题。依据画线词前的“Sistersdogetjealousattimesbut,evenso,theyarehappythatyouaredoingwell.”可知，姐妹们有时的确会嫉妒你，但即使如此，她们也会为你做得好而兴奋。因此此处是说只要你拿到奖金后带她们出去喝点东西，她们就会为你获得奖金而兴奋，由此可知，画线词的意思是“展示极大的兴奋”，故选B。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段“Iknowmanypeoplereadingthismayhavehadupsetswiththeirsisters.AllIcansayiscommunicationfixeseverything.Ifyoumissyoursister,tellherso.IfyouhaveaBFF(BestFriendForever)thathasstuckwithyouthroughthickandthin,adoptherasyoursisterandkeepherclosetoyou.”（我知道很多读到这篇文章的人可能和她的姐妹们相处得不是那么开心，我能说的就是沟通能够解决一切。假如你想你姐妹，就告知她。假如你有一个恒久的好挚友，和你同甘共苦，把她当作你的姐妹，让她和你亲近）可知，作者为那些和他们的姐妹们想出不开心的人供应了一些建议。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章中作者结合自己的切身经验告知我们拥有姐妹的好处，她们是自己一生的财宝，A项“SistersAreMyFortuneinLife”为最佳标题。故选A。其次节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Friendshipscanbringjoyorsorrow.____16____,wetalkedtoresearchers,authors,andtherapiststolearnhowtomanagethecommonrelationshipdifficultiesweallface.BrokenpromisesFriendsarevitalforourphysicalandmentalwell-beingbuttheserelationshipsaren’talwayssmoothsailing.____17____.Andamajorwaythishappensisthroughbrokenpromises.Perhapshecanceledplansatthelastminuteorshedeclinedtotakepartinanimportantparty.____18____,thefirstthingtodoisrememberthatnooneisperfect,saysJanYager,PhD,friendshipcoach.____19____“Sometimesjealousyrevealsourdeepestdesires,”saysDr.Yager.“Healthyenvycanmotivateyoutobecomebetterandbeinspiredbyyourfriend’ssuccess,”shesays.Shepointsoutthatitcouldbetheotherwayaroundaswell:Yourfriendsmightbejealousofyou.FeelingleftoutThere’snoworsefeelingthanwhenyoucheckFacebookMondaymorningtofindoutthatyourfriendswentonaweekendgetawaywithoutyou.ScottChristnelly,atherapist,says,“Iencourageclientstoexpresstheirfeelingsaboutitbutalsonottojumptoconclusions.”Thenfindsomeoneelsetotalkto—maybeafamilymember,oraclosefriend(notonewhowentonthetrip)—toexplainhowyoufeel.____20____.A.ExperiencingenvyB.ButwhileitmaybepainfulC.StoppingtofeeljealousofthemD.FriendbreakupscanbejustaspainfulasaromanticsplitE.Infact,it’scommontoexperiencesomeserioushurtfromyourfriendsF.Sincethere’snorulebookonwhattodowhenthingsgettenseorgosouthG.Maybethroughthatconversation,youcanbrainstormhowyouwillrespond【答案】16.F17.E18.B19.A20.G【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些如何处理我们大家常见与挚友相处时常见的难题的方法。【16题详解】依据后文wetalkedtoresearchers,authors,andtherapiststolearnhowtomanagethecommonrelationshipdifficultiesweallface.（我们与探讨人员、作者和治疗师交谈，学习如何处理我们共同面临的人际关系难题。）作者请教了一些专业人士，他们寻求建议可知，此处指遇到这样的事很多人不知怎样应对。故答案为F，意为：因为当事情变得惊慌或糟糕的时候，没有什么规则可循。故选F。【17题详解】此句为说明说明句。依据上文“Friendsarevitalforourphysicalandmentalwell-beingbuttheserelationshipsaren’talwayssmoothsailing.”（挚友对我们的身心健康至关重要，但这种关系并不总是一帆风顺。）”（与挚友的）关系并不总是一帆风顺的，可知，与挚友相处时，人应当会有挫折，故E选项“事实上，经验一些来自挚友的严峻损害是很正常的。”符合上下文语境。故选E。【18题详解】此句是对前面句子的说明说明。依据前面“Perhapshecanceledplansatthelastminuteorshedeclinedtotakepartinanimportantparty.（或许他在最终一刻取消了安排，或者她拒绝参与一个重要的聚会）”被挚友放鸽子，或者被人拒绝，这些都是苦痛的经验，故B选项“虽然这可能是苦痛的。”符合上下文语境。故选B。【19题详解】此句为主旨大意，依据下文“Sometimesjealousyrevealsourdeepestdesires,”saysDr.Yager.（“有时候，嫉妒揭示了我们内心深处的渴望，”耶格尔博士说。）可知本段主要说明与挚友交往时出现的一些问题，挚友间会彼此嫉妒。故A选项“经验嫉妒”符合上下文语境。故选A。【20题详解】依据上文“Thenfindsomeoneelsetotalkto—maybeafamilymember,oraclosefriend(notonewhowentonthetrip)—toexplainhowyoufeel.（然后找其他人来说明你的感受——或许是你的家人，或者是你的好挚友(不是去旅行的人)。）”可知本句为说明谈话的效果，故G选项“或许通过这次谈话，你可以集体探讨你将如何回应。”符合上下文语境。故选G。第三部分语言学问运用(共四节，满分55分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Mostpeopleareanxiousabouttheunknownwhilesomearethrilled(特别兴奋的).Iamoneofthelatter(后者).TheideaofskiingtotheNorthPolehadnevercrossedmyminduntilIsawa(n)____21____inanewspaperlookingforpeopletojoinateamthatwould____22____350milestothemagneticNorthPole.Backin1996,awomanfromtheUKhadnever____23____thischallenge.Iwonderedwhatitwouldbeliketo____24____intemperaturesthatcold,soIsentofffortheapplicationform.Whentheapplication(申请)form____25____,itsaid“AreYouManEnoughfortheUltimateChallenge”anditwasfullofpicturesof____26____explorers(探险者).Iwasangryanddecidedthatwomencoulddoittoo,soitmademeevenmore____27____togetontheteam.Over500individuals____28____foraplaceintheteam,andtheselectionprocessincludedphysicalandmentaltestsdesignedto____29____thebestgroup.OurtestwastocompletetheSandhurstmilitaryassaultcourse,wheretheUK’sbestofficersaretrained,andit’snotfor_____30_____.Wehadtoclimbahugeropeladder,andIstoppedatthetopbecauseIhaveafearof_____31_____.Ithoughtallhopewas_____32_____.Buttwoothershelpedmeover,andlaterIfoundoutthattheorganizerswerenotlookingforamazing_____33_____,butgreatteamplayers,andthismomenthadshownthemwhowould_____34_____othersintheteam.Ihadalsoshownmyrealself,andinaplaceliketheArctic,youhavetobeyourself,_____35_____thereisnowheretohide.These_____36_____ofaskingforhelpandshowingyourrealselfarenecessaryforwomentomaster.Irealizedthatbybeingmyself,Icould_____37_____.Iwaschosenfortheteam,andasaresult,becamethe_____38_____BritishwomantoskitotheMagneticNorthPole.IrealizedthatIcouldachievemorethanIever_____39_____waspossible—butmoreimportantly,bysharingmystorywithothers,Icould_____40_____themtotakeastepintotheunknown．21.A.notice B.advertisement C.announcement D.report22.A.ski B.run C.drive D.fly23.A.enjoyed B.accepted C.received D.finished24.A.exist B.suffer C.survive D.hide25.A.passed B.appeared C.returned D.arrived26.A.female B.brave C.proud D.male27.A.confident B.determined C.enthusiastic D.satisfied28.A.applied B.hunted C.waited D.cared29.A.pick B.develop C.train D.challenge30.A.someone B.noone C.anyone D.everyone31.A.loss B.silence C.heights D.changes32.A.left B.lost C.wasted D.missed33.A.individuals B.team C.men D.skiers34.A.catchupwith B.lookoutfor C.takeadvantageof D.getridof35.A.unless B.while C.though D.as36.A.talents B.experiences C.qualities D.beliefs37.A.try B.succeed C.guarantee D.improve38.A.excellent B.extra C.noble D.first39A.imagined B.predicted C.remembered D.admitted40.A.push B.promise C.require D.inspire【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.D26.D27.B28.A29.A30.D31.C32.B33.A34.B35.D36.C37.B38.D39.A40.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了，通过作者参与滑雪的经验，告知读者一个道理，我们要勇于挑战未知、实现自我。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有想过要去北极滑雪，直到我在报纸上看到一则广告，找寻能滑雪350英里到达磁性北极的队伍。A.notice通知；B.advertisement广告；C.announcement通知；D.report报告。由下文的“inanewspaperlookingforpeopletojoinateam”可知，作者看到了报纸上的广告。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有想过要去北极滑雪，直到我在报纸上看到一则广告，找寻能滑雪350英里到达磁性北极的队伍。A.ski滑雪；B.run跑；C.drive开车；D.fly飞。由上文的“TheideaofskiingtotheNorthPole”可知，通过滑雪的方式去北极，此处指一支滑雪去北极的队伍。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：早在1996年，一位来自英国的女性未完成这项挑战。A.enjoyed喜爱；B.accepted接受；C.received收到；D.finished完成。由下文的“andasaresult,becamethe____18____BritishwomantoskitotheMagneticNorthPole”可知，作者成为第一位滑雪到磁性北极的英国女性，所以当时英国没有一位女性完成这项挑战。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道在这么冷的温度下生存会是什么样的，所以我去拿申请表。A.exist存在；B.suffer遭遇；C.survive生存；D.hide躲藏。由下文的“intemperaturesthatcold,soIsentofffortheapplicationform”可知，作者想知道在这么冷的温度下生存会是什么感觉，才去拿表。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当申请表到了，上面写着“你够男人来挑战终极挑战了吗”，里面满是男性探险者的照片。A.passed通过；B.appeared出现；C.returned回去；D.arrived到达。由下文的“itsaid“AreYouManEnoughfortheUltimateChallenge””可知，申请表上面写着“你够男人来挑战终极挑战了吗”，说明申请表到了，作者才能看到上面的话。故选D项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当申请表到了，上面写着“你够男人来挑战终极挑战了吗”，里面满是男性探险者的照片。A.female女性的；B.brave英勇的；C.proud傲慢的；D.male男性的。由上文的“itsaid“AreYouManEnoughfortheUltimateChallenge”和下文的“Iwasangryanddecidedthatwomencoulddoittoo”可知，申请表上面写着“你够男人来挑战终极挑战了吗”，作者很生气，认为女人也可以做，说明里面满是男性探险者的照片。故选D项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很生气，认为女人也可以这样做，所以这让我更加下定决心加入队伍。A.confident自信的；B.determined坚决的；C.enthusiastic热忱的；D.satisfied满足的。由上文的“itsaid“AreYouManEnoughfortheUltimateChallengeanditwasfullofpicturesof____6____explorers(探险者).Iwasangryanddecidedthatwomencoulddoittoo”可