2016英语二考研真题和答案解析

2016研究生入学统一考试试题及答案解析(英语二)

Section1UseofEnglish

Directions:

Readingthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblackandmarkA,B,Cor

DonAnswerSheet.(10points)

Happypeopleworkdifferently.They9remoreproductive,morecreative,andwillingtotake

greaterrisks.Andnewresearchsuggeststhathappinessmightinfluence1firmswork,too.

Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,accordingtoarecentresearch

paper.2,firmsinhappyplacesspendmoreonR&D(researchanddevelopment).That9sbecause

happinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-termthinking3fbrmakinginvestmentforthefuture.

Theresearcherswantedtoknowifthe4andinclinationfbrrisk-takingthatcomewith

happinesswould5thewaycompaniesinvested.SotheycomparedU.S.cities'averagehappiness

6byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareas.

7enough,firms'investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessofthearea

inwhichtheywere8.Butisitreallyhappinessthat'slinkedtoinvestment,orcouldsomethingelse

abouthappiercities9whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D?Tofindout,theresearchescontrolled

forvariousL0thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvest—likesize,industry,andsales—andfor

indicatorsthataplacewas]J_tolivein,likegrowthinwagesorpopulation.Thelinkbetween

happinessandinvestmentgenerallyV2evenafteraccountingforthesethings.

Thecorrelationbetweenhappinessandinvestmentwasparticularlystrongforyoungerfirms,

whichtheauthors13to“lesscodifieddecisionmakingprocess“andthepossiblepresenceof

youngerandlessL4managerswhoaremorelikelytobeinfluencedbysentimenf9.Therelationship

wasJ_5strongerinplaceswherehappinesswasspreadmore16.Firmsseemtoinvestmoreinplaces

wheremostpeoplearerelativelyhappy,ratherthaninplaceswithhappinessinequality.

17thisdoesn'tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakealonger-termview,

theauthorsbelieveitatleast18atthatpossibility.Ifsnothardtoimaginethatlocalcultureand

sentimentwouldhelp19howexecutivesthinkaboutthefuture.uItsurelyseemsplausiblethathappy

peoplewouldbemoreforward-thinkingandcreativeand20R&Dmorethantheaverage/9saidone

researcher.

1.[A]why[B]where[C]how[D]when

2.[AlInreturn[B]Inparticular[C]Incontrast[D]Inconclusion

3.[A]sufficient[B]famous[C]perfect[D]necessary

4.[A]individualism[B]modernism[C]optimism[D]realism

5.[A]echo[B]miss[C]spoil[D]change

6.fA]imagined[B]measured[C]invented[D]assumed

7.[A]Sure[B]Odd[C]Unfortunate[D]Often

8.[A]advertised[B]divided[C]overtaxed[D]headquartered

9.[A]explain[B]overstate[C]summarize[D]emphasize

10.[A]stages[B]factors[C]levels[D]methods

11.[A]desirable[B]sociable[C]reputable[D]reliable

12.[A]resumed[B]held[C]emerged[D]broke

13.[A]attribute[B]assign[C]transfer[D]compare

14.[A]serious[B]civilized[C]ambitious[D]experienced

15.[A]thus[B]instead[C]also[D]never

16.[A]rapidly[B]regularly[C]directly[D]equally

17.[A]After[B]Until[C]While[D]Since

18.fA]arrivesfB]jumps[Clhints[D]strikes

19.[A]shape[B]rediscover[C]simplify[D]share

20.fA]prayfor[B]leantowards[C]giveaway[D]sendout

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,Cor

D.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

It'struethathigh-schoolcodingclassesaren'tessentialfbrlearningcomputersciencein

college.Studentswithoutexperiencecancatchupafterafewintroductorycourses,saidTom

Cortina,theassistantdeanatCarnegieMellon'sSchoolofComputerScience.

However,Cortinasaid,earlyexposureisbeneficial.Whenyoungerkidslearncomputer

science,theylearnthatit'snotjustaconfusing,endlessstringoflettersandnumbers—butatoolto

buildapps,orcreateartwork,ortesthypotheses.It'snotashardfbrthemtotransformtheirthought

processesasitisforolderstudents.Breakingdownproblemsintobite-sizedchunksandusingcode

tosolvethembecomesnormal.Givingmorechildrenthistrainingcouldincreasethenumberof

peopleinterestedinthefieldandhelpfillthejobsgap,Cortinasaid.

Studentsalsobenefitfromlearningsomethingaboutcodingbeforetheygettocollege,where

introductorycomputer-scienceclassesarepackedtothebrim,whichcandrivetheless-experienced

ordeterminedstudentsaway.

TheFlatironSchool,wherepeoplepaytolearnprogramming,startedasoneofthemanycoding

bootcampsthat'sbecomepopularforadultslookingforacareerchange.Thehigh-schoolsgetthe

samecurriculum,but“wetrytogearlessonstowardthingsthey9reinterestedin,“saidVictoria

Friedman,aninstructor.Forinstance,oneoftheappsthestudentsaredevelopingsuggestsmovies

basedonyourmood.

ThestudentsintheFlatironclassprobablywon'tdropoutofhighschoolandbuildthenext

Facebook.Programminglanguageshaveaquickturnover,sothe“RubyonRails“languagethey

learnedmaynotevenberelevantbythetimetheyenterthejobmarket.Buttheskillstheylearn-

howtothinklogicallythroughaproblemandorganizetheresults-applytoanycodinglanguage,

saidDeborahSeehorn,aneducationconsultantforthestateofNorthCarolina.

Indeed,theFlatironstudentsmightnotgointoITatall.Butcreatingafuturearmyofcodersis

notthesolepurposeoftheclasses.Thesekidsaregoingtobesurroundedbycomputers—intheir

pockets,intheiroffices,intheirhomes-fortherestoftheirlives.Theyoungertheylearnhow

computersthink,howtocoaxthemachineintoproducingwhattheywant-theearliertheylearnthat

theyhavethepowertodothat—thebetter.

21.Cortinaholdsthatearlyexposuretocomputersciencemakesiteasierto.

[A]completefuturejobtraining

[Blremodelthewayofthinking

[C]formulatelogicalhypotheses

[D]perfectartworkproduction

22.Indeliveringlessonsforhigh-schoolers,Flatironhasconsideredtheir.

[A]experience

[B]interest

[C]careerprospects

[D]academicbackgrounds

23.DeborahSeehornbelievesthattheskillslearnedatFlatironwill.

[A]helpstudentslearnothercomputerlanguages

[B]havetobeupgradedwhennewtechnologiescome

[C]needimprovingwhenstudentslookforjobs

[D]enablestudentstomakebigquickmoney

24.Accordingtothelastparagraph,Flatironstudentsareexpectedto.

[A]bringforthinnovativecomputertechnologies

[B]staylongerintheinformationtechnologyindustry

[C]becomebetterpreparedforthedigitalizedworld

[D]competewithafuturearmyofprogrammers

25.Theword“coax”(Line4,Para.6)isclosestinmeaningto.

[A]persuade

[B]frighten

[C]misguide

[D]challenge

Text2

Biologistsestimatethatasmanyas2millionlesserprairiechickens-akindofbirdlivingon

stretchinggrasslands—oncelentredtotheoftengreylandscapeofthemidwestemandsouthwestern

UnitedStates.Butjustsome22,000birdsremaintoday,occupyingabout16%ofthespecies9

historicrange.

ThecrashwasamajorreasontheU.S.FishandWildlifeService(USFWS)decidedto

formallylistthebirdasthreatened.“Thelesserprairiechickenisinadesperatesituation/9said

USFWSDirectorDanielAshe.Someenvironmentalists,however,weredisappointed.Theyhad

pushedtheagencytodesignatethebirdas“endangered,“astatusthatgivesfederalofficialsgreater

regulatorypowertocrackdownonthreats.ButAsheandothersarguedthatthe“threatened”tag

gavethefederalgovernmentflexibilitytotryoutnew,potentiallylessconfrontationalconservation

approaches.Inparticular,theycalledforforgingclosercollaborationswithwesternstate

governments,whichareoftenuneasywithfederalaction,andwiththeprivatelandownerswho

controlanestimated95%oftheprairiechicken'shabitat.

Undertheplan,forexample,theagencysaiditwouldnotprosecutelandownerorbusinesses

thatunintentionallykill,harm,ordisturbthebird,aslongastheyhadsignedarange-wide

managementplantorestoreprairiechickenhabitat.NegotiatedbyUSFWSandthestates,theplan

requiresindividualsandbusinessesthatdamagehabitataspartoftheiroperationstopayintoafund

toreplaceeveryacredestroyedwith2newacresofsuitablehabitat.Thefundwillalsobeusedto

compensatelandownerswhosetasidehabitat,USFWSalsosetaninterimgoalofrestoringprairie

chickenpopulationstoanannualaverageof67,000birdsoverthenext10years.Anditgivesthe

WesternAssociationofFishandWildlifeAgencies(WAFWA),acoalitionofstateagencies,thejob

ofmonitoringprogress.Overall,theideaistolet"statesremaininthedriver'sseatformanaging

thespecies,Ashesaid.

Noteveryonebuysthewin-winrhetoric.SomeCongressmembersaretryingtoblocktheplan,

andatleastadozenindustrygroups,fourstates,andthreeenvironmentalgroupsarechallengingitin

federalcourt.Notsurprisingly,industrygroupsandstatesgenerallyargueitgoestoofar;

environmentalistssayitdoesn'tgofarenough."Thefederalgovernmentisgivingresponsibilityfbr

managingthebirdtothesameindustriesthatarepushingittoextinction,saysbiologistJay

Lininger.

26.Themajorreasonforlistingthelesserprairieasthreatenedis.

[A]itsdrasticallydecreasedpopulation

[B]theunderestimateofthegrasslandacreage

[C]adesperateappealfromsomebiologists

[D]theinsistenceofprivatelandowners

27.The“threatened“tagdisappointedsomeenvironmentalistsinthatit

[A]wasagive-intogovernmentalpressure

[B]wouldinvolvefeweragenciesinaction

[C]grantedlessfederalregulatorypower

[D]wentagainstconservationpolicies

28.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraphsthatunintentionalharm-doerswillnotbeprosecutedif

they.

[A]agreetopayasumforcompensation

[B]volunteertosetupanequallybighabitat

[C]offertosupporttheWAFWAmonitoringjob

[D]promisetoraisefundsforUSFWSoperations

29.AccordingtoAshe,theleadingroleinmanagingthespeciesis.

[A]thefederalgovernment

[B]thewildlifeagencies

[C]thelandowners

[D]thestates

30.JayLiningerwouldmostlikelysupport.

[A]industrygroups

[B]thewin-winrhetoric

[C]environmentalgroups

[D]theplanunderchallenge

Text3

Thateveryone'stoobusythesedaysisacliche.Butonespecificcomplaintismadeespecially

mournfully:There'sneveranytimetoread.

Whatmakestheproblemthornieristhattheusualtime-managementtechniquesdon'tseem

sufficient.Theweb'sfullofarticlesofferingtipsonmakingtimetoread:"GiveupTV"or"Carrya

bookwithyouatalltimes”.Butinmyexperience,usingsuchmethodstofreeuptheodd30

minutesdoesn'twork.Sitdowntoreadandtheflywheelofwork-relatedthoughtskeeps

spinning-orelseyou'resoexhaustedthatachallengingbook'sthelastthingyouneed.Themodern

mind,TimParks,anovelistandcritic,writes,“isoverwhelminglyinclinedtoward

communication...Itisnotsimplythatoneisinterrupted;itisthatoneisactuallyinclinedto

interruption,\Deepreadingrequiresnotjusttime,butaspecialkindoftimewhichcan'tbe

obtainedmerelybybecomingmoreefficient.

Infact,"becomingmoreefficient“ispartoftheproblem.Thinkingoftimeasaresourcetobe

maximizedmeansyouapproachitinstrumentally,judginganygivenmomentaswellspentonlyinso

farasitadvancesprogresstowardsomegoal.Immersivereading,bycontrast,dependsonbeing

willingtoriskinefficiency,goallessness,eventime-wasting.Trytoslotitasato-dolistitemand

you'llmanageonlygoal-focusedreading-useful,sometimes,butnotthemostfulfillingkind."The

futurecomesatuslikeemptybottlesalonganunstoppableandnearlyinfiniteconveyorbelt,“writes

GaryEberleinhisbookSacredTime,and“wefeelapressuretofillthesedifferent-sizedbottles

(days,hours,minutes)astheypass,foriftheygetbywithoutbeingfilled,wewillhavewasted

them."Nomind-setcouldbeworseforlosingyourselfinabook.

Sowhatdoeswork?Perhapssurprisingly,schedulingregulartimesforreading.You'dthink

thismightfueltheefficiencymind-set,butinfact,Eberlenotes,suchritualisticbehaviorhelpsus

“stepoutsidetime'sflow^^into"soultime”.Youcouldlimitdistractionsbyreadingonlyphysical

books,oronsingle-purposee-readers,"Carryabookwithyouatalltimes”canactuallywork,

too-providingyoudipinoftenenough,sothatreadingbecomesthedefaultstatefromwhichyou

temporarilysurfacetotakecareofbusiness,beforedroppingbackdown.Onareallygoodday,itno

longerfeelsasifyou're"makingtimetoread,“butjustreading,andmakingtimeforeverything

else.

31.Theusualtime-managementtechniquesdon'tworkbecause.

[A]whattheycanofferdoesnoteasethemodernmind

[B]whatchallengingbooksdemandisrepetitivereading

[C]whatpeopleoftenforgetiscarryingabookwiththem

[D]whatdeepreadingrequirescannotbeguaranteed

32.The"emptybottles“metaphorillustratesthatpeoplefeelapressureto.

fA]updatetheirto-dolists

[B]makepassingtimefulfilling

[C]carrytheirplansthrough

[D]pursuecarefreereading

33.Eberlewouldagreethatschedulingregulartimesforreadinghelps.

[A]encouragetheefficiencymind-set

[Bldeveloponlinereadinghabits

[C]promoteritualisticreading

[D]achieveimmersivereading

34.“Carryabookwithyouatalltimes“canworkif.

[A]readingbecomesyourprimarybusinessoftheday

[B]allthedailybusinesshasbeenpromptlydealtwith

[C]youareabletodropbacktobusinessafterreading

[D]timecanbeevenlysplitforreadingandbusiness

35.Thebesttitleforthistextcouldbe.

[A]HowtoEnjoyEasyReading

[B]HowtoFindTimetoRead

[C]HowtoSetReadingGoals

[DIHowtoReadExtensively

Text4

Againstabackdropofdrasticchangesineconomyandpopulationstructure,youngerAmericans

aredrawinganew21st-centuryroadmaptosuccess,alatestpollhasfound.

Acrossgenerationallines,Americanscontinuetoprizemanyofthesametraditionalmilestones

ofasuccessfullife,includinggettingmarried,havingchildren,owningahome,andretiringintheir

sixties.Butwhileyoungandoldmostlyagreeonwhatconstitutesthefinishlineofafulfillinglife,

theyofferstrikinglydifferentpathsforreachingit.

Youngpeoplewhoarestillgettingstartedinlifeweremorelikelythanolderadultstoprioritize

personalfulfillmentintheirwork,tobelievetheywilladvancetheircareersmostbyregularly

changingjobs,tofavorcommunitieswithmorepublicservicesandafasterpaceoflife,toagreethat

couplesshouldbefinanciallysecurebeforegettingmarriedorhavingchildren,andtomaintainthat

childrenarebestservedbytwoparentsworkingoutsidethehome,thesurveyfound.

Fromcareertocommunityandfamily,thesecontrastssuggestthatintheaftermathofthe

searingGreatRecession,thosejuststartingoutinlifearedefiningprioritiesandexpectationsthat

willincreasinglyspreadthroughvirtuallyallaspectsofAmericanlife,fromconsumerpreferencesto

housingpatternstopolitics.

Youngandoldconvergeononekeypoint：Overwhelmingmajoritiesofbothgroupssaidthey

believeitisharderforyoungpeopletodaytogetstartedinlifethanitwasforearlier

generations.Whileyoungerpeoplearesomewhatmoreoptimisticthantheireldersaboutthe

prospectsforthosestartingouttoday,bigmajoritiesinbothgroupsbelievethose“justgettingstarted

inlife^faceatougheragood-payingjob,startingafamily,managingdebt,andfindingaffordable

housing.

PeteSchneiderconsiderstheclimbtoughertoday.Schneider,a27-year-oldautotechnician

fromtheChicagosuburbssayshestruggledtofindajobaftergraduatingfromcollege.Evennow

thatheisworkingsteadily,hesaid."Ican'taffordtopaymamonthlymortgagepaymentsonmy

own,soIhavetorentroomsouttopeopletomarkthathappen."Lookingback,heisstruckthathis

parentscouldprovideacomfortablelifefortheirchildreneventhoughneitherhadcompletedcollege

whenhewasyoung.力stillgrewupinanuppermiddle-classhomewithparentswhodidn'thave

collegedegrees/9Schneidersaid."Idon'tthinkpeoplearecapableofthatanymore.”

36.Onecross-generationmarkofasuccessfullifeis.

[A]tryingoutdifferentlifestyles

[B]havingafamilywithchildren

[C]workingbeyondretirementage

[D]settingupaprofitablebusiness

37.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph3thatyoungpeopletendto.

[A]favoraslowerlifepace

[B]holdanoccupationlonger

[Clattachimportancetopre-maritalfinance

[D]giveprioritytochildcareoutsidethehome

38.Theprioritiesandexpectationsdefinedbytheyoungwill.

[A]becomeincreasinglyclear

[B]focusonmaterialisticissues

[C]dependlargelyonpoliticalpreferences

[D]reachalmostallaspectsofAmericanlife

39.Bothyoungandoldagreethat.

[A]good-payingjobsarelessavailable

[B]theoldmademorelifeachievements

fC]housingloanstodayareeasytoobtain

[D]gettingestablishedisharderfortheyoung

40.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutSchneider?

[A]Hefoundadreamjobaftergraduatingfromcollege

[B]Hisparentsbelieveworkingsteadilyisamustforsuccess

[C]Hisparents9goodlifehaslittletodowithacollegedegree

[D]Hethinkshisjobasatechnicianquitechallenging

PartB

Directions：

Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthe

listA-Gforeachnumberedparagraphs(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonot

needtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

A.Besilly

B.Havefun

C.Askforhelp

D•Expressyouremotions.

E.Don'toverthinkit

F.Beeasilypleased

G.Noticethings

ActYourShoeSize,NotYourAge

Asadults,itseemsthatwe'reconstantlypursuinghappiness,oftenwithmixedresults.Yet

childrenappeartohaveitdowntoanart-andforthemostparttheydon'tneedself-helpbooksor

therapy.Instead,theylookaftertheirwellbeinginstinctivelyandusuallymoreeffectivelythanwe

doasgrownups.Perhapsit'stimetolearnafewlessonsfromthem.

41..

Whatdoesachilddowhenhe'ssad?Hecries.Whenhe'sangry?Heshouts.Scared?

Probablyabitofboth.Aswegrowup,welearntocontrolouremotionssotheyaremanageable

anddon'tdictateourbehaviors,whichisinmanywaysagoodthing.Buttoooftenwetakethis

processtoofarandendupsuppressingemotions,especiallynegativeones.Thafsaboutaseffective

asbrushingdirtunderacarpetandcanevenmakeusill.Whatweneedtodoistofindawayto

acknowledgeandexpresswhatwefeelappropriatelyandthen-again,likechildren-moveon.

42..

AcoupleofChristmasesago,myyoungeststepdaughter,whowas9yearsoldatthetime,gota

SupermanT-shirtforChristmas.Itcostlessthanafiverbutshewasoveijoyed,andcouldn'tstop

talkingaboutit.Toooftenwebelievethatanewjob,biggerhouseorbettercarwillbethemagic

silverbulletthatwillallowustofinallybecontent,buttherealityisthesethingshaveverylittle

lastingimpactonourhappinesslevels.Instead,beinggratefulfbrsmallthingseverydayisamuch

betterwaytoimprovewell-being.

43..

Haveyouevernoticedhowmuchchildrenlaugh?Ifweadultscouldindulgeinabitofsilliness

andgiggling,wewouldreducethestresshormonesinourbodies,increasegoodhormoneslike

endorphins,improvebloodflowtoourheartsandevenhaveagreaterchanceoffightingoff

infection.Allofwhichwould,ofcourse,haveapositiveeffectonourhappinesslevels.

44..

Theproblemwithbeingagrownupisthatthere9sanawfullotofseriousstufftodealwith-work,

mortgagepayments,figuringoutwhattocookfordinner.Butasadultswealsohavetheluxuryof

beingabletocontrolourowndiariesandifsimportantthatwescheduleintimetoenjoythething

welove.Thosethingsmightbesocial,sporting,creativeorcompletelyrandom(dancingaround

thelivingroom,anyone?)-itdoesn'tmatter,solongasthey'reenjoyable,andnotlikelytohave

negativesideeffects,suchasdrinkingtoomuchalcoholorgoingonawildspendingspreeifyou're

onatightbudget.

45..

Havingsaidalloftheabove,it'simportanttoaddthatweshouldn,ttrytoohardtobe

happy.Scientiststellusthiscanbackfireandactuallyhaveanegativeimpactonour

well-being.AstheChinesephilosopherChuangTzuisreportedtohavesaid："Happinessisthe

absenceofstrivingforhappiness."Andinthat,oncemore,weneedtolooktotheexampleofour

children,towhomhappinessisnotagoalbutanaturalbyproductofthewaytheylive.

SectionIIITranslation

Directions：

InthissectionthereisatextinEnglish.TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.Writeyour

translationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)

Thesupermarketisdesignedtolurecustomersintospendingasmuchtimeaspossiblewithinits

doors.Thereasonfbrthisissimple:Thelongeryoustayinthestore,themorestuffyou'llsee,and

themorestuffyousee,themoreyou'llbuy.Andsupermarketscontainalotofstuff.Theaverage

supermarket,accordingtotheFoodMarketingInstitute,cairiessome44,000differentitems,and

manycarrytensofthousandsmore.Thesheervolumeofavailablechoiceisenoughtosend

shoppersintoastateofinformationoverload.Accordingtobrain-scanexperiments,thedemandsof

somuchdecision-makingquicklybecometoomuchforus.Afterabout40minutesofshopping,

mostpeoplestopstrugglingtoberationallyselective,andinsteadbeganshopping

emotionally一whichisthepointatwhichweaccumulatethe50percentofstuffinourcartthatwe

neverintendedbuying.

SectionIVWriting

PartA

Directions：

Supposeyouwonatranslationcontestandyourfriend,Jack,wroteanemailtocongratulateyou

andaskfbradviceontranslation.Writehimareplyto

1)thankhim,and

2)giveyouadvice

Youshouldwriteabout100ontiieANSWERSHEET.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.UseLiMinginstead.

Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)

PartB

48.Directions：

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart,youshould

1)interpretthechartand

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.(15points).

■触见累

,缓解压力

■广交朋友

■培鼻独立勋

■其他

2016年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）答案详解

SectionIUseofEnglish

1、［答案］Chow

［解析］根据空格所在句子可以看出，空格处应该是一个引导宾语从句的从属连词，做

influence的宾语。四个选项的意思中，只有C。how引导后面的内容做influence的宾语，前

后意思合理。

2、［答案］BInparticular

［解析］空格的前一句话的内容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司投资更多的钱。空格所在

句的内容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司在...方面投入更多的钱。很显然，前后句子是总分

关系。选项中，只有B选项可以体现总分关系。

3、［答案］Dnecessary

［解析］根据空格处前后的内容，formakinginvestmentsforthefuture是做后置定语修

饰longer-termthinking和happinesso幸福，这种持久的思维模式对于对未来进行投资,

四个选项中只有D。necessary做后置定语符合前后内容。其他选项与原文内容语义不符。

4、［答案］Coptimism

［解析］空格处的内容与inclinationforrisk-taking由and连接，构成并列关系，后面

thatcomewithhappiness定语从句既修饰空格处的内容，也修饰inclinationforrisk-taking,所以

选项中可以由thatcomewithhappiness修饰的只有C选项optimismo

5、［答案］Dchange

［解析］空格处的内容和thewaycompaniesinvested构成动宾搭配。选项中A。echo回

声B。miss思念C。spoil溺爱D。change改变，所以只有D选项可以和

thewaycompaniesinvested构成通顺语义。故D项正确。

6、［答案］Bmeasured

［解析］原文：

SotheycomparedU.S。cities5averagehappinessbyGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentact

ivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareaso所以他们比较美国城市的平均幸福，这种幸福是根

据盖洛普在上市公司的投资活动地区民意调查来oAimagined想象，Dassumed假定

与民意调查的客观性是不符的，故排除，Cinvented发明，与文意不符，故选Bmeasured,衡

量，测量。

7、［答案］Asure

［解析］若要判断此空的答案，需要结合文章上下文来判断。这句话和本篇完型的第二段的

首句的含义是相同的。第二段的首句：

Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,含义为：坐落在幸福人们多的地方

的公司会加大研发投入力度。本段首句其实是对于这一中心的重复阐述，因此选A。

8、［答案］Dheadquartered

［解析］原文:

firms,investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessoftheareainwhichtheywe

re0公司的投资与研发强度与公司所的地区的幸福度相关。依据第7题的答

案，我们可以推断，这句话所填写的单词和located应该是近义，Aadvertised广

告；Bdivided分割；Covertaxed负担过重；均与本文含义不符，故选D,headquartered设立

总部。

9、［答案］Aexplain

［解析］原

文：...couldsomethingelseabouthappiercitieswhyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D?止匕

句也是对于本文中心的再次论证。还有其他的什么可以公司在幸福的城市加入研发

投入力度吗？这句话之后就是具体的原因陈述。Boverstate夸张；Csummarize总结；

Demphasize强调；均不符合文意，所以以上三项皆排除。故选Aexpress解释，阐释。

10、［答案］Bfactors

［解析］原

文：Tofindout,theresearcherscontrolledforvariousthatmightmakefirmsmo