2018届高考英语第一轮课时训练4

课堂作业Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Iamtryingtopersuadehim________(quit)theattempt.2.Itissowettherethatthetreesareextremelytall，some________(measure)over90metres.3.Themayorpresentedhim________agoldmedalatanofficialcityreception.4.TheGreatWallissuchawell－knowntourist________(attract)thatmillionsofpeoplepourineveryyear.5.Charlesoftenattemptstoescape________(fine)wheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.6.Thisisthemiddleschool________Mr.SmithtaughtEnglishtenyearsago.7.Iwassleepy.IdecidedtomakemyselfsomestrongcoffeesoIcouldwork________(well).8.Mr.GreentriedtopersuadeMissKing________(attend)theimportantconference，butsherefusedhim.9.Thisarticlemayshocksomesensitivereaders，________whomIoffermyapologiesinadvance.10.She________(be)absent，themeetinghadtobeputoff.11.IneverthoughtClarewouldmake________asasuccessfulactress.12.Theywereabouttogobackhome________theaccidenthappened.答案1.toquit2.measuring3.with4.attraction5.beingfined6.where7.better8.toattend9.to10.being11.it12.whenⅡ.单句改错1.Nothingelseispreciousthanwaterinthedesert.2.Ifbuyerspayinadvance，theycanmakelargewholesalepurchasesatdiscount.3.Readthissentenceandtellmeifitmakesasense.4.Iknowonlyalittleaboutthetwins，JaneandMary，butIthinkJaneismorebeautifulofthetwosisters.5.Theworkfinishing，theylefttheofficeandwenthome.6.TheservicehereiswonderfulandIthinkwecouldn’thavefoundbetterplace.7.Dogshaveaverygoodsenseofsmellandareoftenusedtosearchofsurvivorsintheearthquake.8.Sarahmadethattotheairportjustintimetocatchherplanethismorning.9.LastweekendIwentdowntownandIhadtroublefindsomewheretopark.10.Billarrangedthismantoshowusaroundthemuseum.答案1.precious前加more2.at后加a3.去掉a4.is后加the5.finishing→finished6.found后加a7.第二个of→for8.that→it9.find→finding10.arrange后加forⅢ.课文缩写语法填空TheVikings，whoseancestorscamefromScandinavia，werethefirstEuropeans1.________(reach)America.TheyhadlivedinmanyplacesofNorthernEurope.In982AD，aman2.________(call)ErictheRedwasforcedtoleaveIcelandbecauseofamurder，forwhichhegot3.________trouble.EricdiscoveredGreenlandandpersuadedsomepeople4.________(settle)inGreenland.Lateraman5.________thenameofBiarnisetsailfromIcelandtosearchforEric’sparty.6.________hewasblownoffcourseand7.________(eventual)reachedGreenland.Intheyear1002，Leif，ErictheRed’sson，followedBiarni’sdirectionsandsailedto8.________isbelievedtobethecoastofpresent－dayCanada.HealsodiscoveredNewfoundland.Actually，ErictheRedandLeif’sdeedsare9.________firstrecordswehaveofEuropeans10.________(sail)totheAmericas.答案1.too4.tosettle5.by6.But7.eventually8.what9.the10.sailingⅣ.单元考点作文串记一、根据提示翻译句子1.我的朋友杰克是一个探险家，他有很多惊险刺激的经历。(explorer)_______________________________________________________________2.去年他说服了一些人参加他的海上探险。(persuade，participate)_______________________________________________________________3.根据他的安排，他们在某一个周一启航去寻找鲸鱼。(arrangement，setsail，insearchof)_______________________________________________________________4.在路上他警告他的同伴注意鲨鱼，以免陷入麻烦之中。(watchout，getintotrouble)_______________________________________________________________5.经过一个月的航行，他们到达了目的地并找到了鲸鱼。(makeitto)_______________________________________________________________答案1.MyfriendJackisanexplorer.Hehasalotofexcitinganddangerousexperiences.2.Lastyearhepersuadedsomepeopletoparticipateinhisadventureonthesea.3.Accordingtohisarrangement，theysetsailonaMondayinsearchofwhales.4.Ontheway，hewarnedhisfellowstowatchoutforsharksincasetheygotintotrouble.5.Afteramonth’ssail，theymadeittotheirdestinationandfoundthewhales.二、加入适当过渡词，连句成篇【参考范文】MyfriendJackisanexplorer，andhehasalotofexperienceswhichareexcitinganddangerous.Lastyearhepersuadedsomepeopletoparticipateinhisadventureonthesea.Accordingtohisarrangement，theysetsailonaMondayinsearchofwhales.Ontheway，hewarnedhisfellowstowatchoutforsharksincaseofgettingintotrouble.Withtheirjointefforts，afteramonth’ssail，theymadeittotheirdestinationandfoundthewhales.课下作业A卷阅读提速练(限时20′)Ⅰ.阅读理解AWeatherexpertssaidthisyearcouldbeoneofthestrongestElNinoeventsinrecordedhistory.ElNinomeanssevereweatherconditionsinpartsoftheworld.IneasternAfrica,forexample,KenyaandUgandaarepreparingforpossibleflooding.YetSouthAfricaandMalawiarealreadydealingwithextremelydryweather.ElNinoisSpanishfor“thechild”.ItusuallybeginsinDecember,nearthecelebrationofthebirthofJesusChrist.Infact,theweathereventwasnamedinhishonor.ElNinodevelopswhenwindsoffthewestcoastofSouthAmericaweaken.ThispermitswarmwaterinthewesternPacifictoexpandtowardtheeastandtheAmericas.Atthesametime,cloudsandrainoverthewarmwatermoveeast,too.ElNinoconditionsnormallyappearonlyabouttwiceevery10years.Usually,ElNinoconditionscontinueforabout12to18months.Theybringwarmweathertosomeareas.Theseareasbecomewetterthannormal,whileothersbecomedrier.TheUnitedNationsChildren’sFundwarnsthatmanypeopleareatriskfromhunger,diseaseandwatershortagesresultingfromElNino.IneastandsouthernAfricaupto11millionchildrencouldbeaffected.EastAfricancountriesusuallyexperienceheavyrainfallduringtheElNino.SouthernAfricausuallyhaslittlerainfall,whichmayleadtowildfiresordrought(干旱).WeatherchangescausedbyElNinodependonthestrengthofthecondition.Intheearly1980s,strongElNinowaslinkedtodryweatherinAustraliaandAsia,rainandfloodinginSouthAmericaandhightemperaturesinmanypartsoftheU.S.Tenyearslater,smallerElNinocausedtroubleinpartsoftheU.S.ItcausedseverefloodsintheSoutheastandtheMiddleWest.TomDiLebertoisameteorologist(气象学家)attheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationinWashington,D.C.HesaidthisyearcouldbethethirdstrongestElNinoonrecord.Butwewillnotknowforsureuntilalltheweatherrecordsareexamined.【语篇解读】本文是说明文，题材为科普环保类。气象专家表示今年可能经历有记录以来最为强烈的厄尔尼诺之一。1.Theauthorwritesthetexttotellus________.A.manycountriesarepreparingforthecomingfloodsB.Africawillprobablysufferalotfromthisyear’sElNinoC.thisyearcouldbeoneofthestrongestElNinoonrecordD.11millionchildrencouldbeaffectedbythisyear’sElNino答案C[目的意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要向读者介绍气象专家表示今年可能经历有记录以来最为强烈的厄尔尼诺之一。]2.Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout________.A.whatElNinoactuallymeansB.howElNinocomesintobeingC.whenElNinowilloccurnexttimeD.whyElNinocausesweatherchanges答案B[细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知，本段主要向读者介绍厄尔尼诺现象是如何形成的。]3.WhichofthefollowingcountriesoftensuffersfromfloodingcausedbyElNino?A.Kenya. B.Malawi.C.Australia. D.SouthAfrica.答案A[细节理解题。根据文章第一段IneasternAfrica，forexample，KenyaandUgandaarepreparingforpossibleflooding及第三段EastAfricancountriesusuallyexperienceheavyrainfallduringtheElNino可知，东部非洲国家通常在厄尔尼诺期间遭受暴雨。肯尼亚和乌干达正在准备迎接可能到来的洪水。]4.Theauthormentionedthe1980s’ElNinoandthe1990s’ElNinoto________.A.explainwhysomanycountrieswereaffectedbyElNinoB.proveweatherchangescausedbyElNinodependonitsstrengthC.arguethatElNinoconditionsusuallyappearabouttwiceevery10yearsD.showscientistsdoubtwhetherthisyearwillhavethestrongestElNino答案B[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，厄尔尼诺导致的气候变化取决于该现象的强度。之后又举例说明了这一点，故选B。]BWeoftenoverlookandcompletelyforgethowdangerousthegameofbaseballcanbefortheplayersonthefield,andevenforthefans,whogatherverycloselyasbaseballsandbatsflyaroundattheparkatterrifyingspeeds.Unfortunately,wewerehitwithatroublingreminderonFridaynightatFenwayPark,Bostonasonefanreportedlysufferedlife－threateninginjuriesafterbeingstruckinthefacebythebarrel(击球端)ofabrokenbat.Thescaryincidenthappenedbecauseaplayerhittheballhard,causinghisbattobreakatthehandle.Thebrokenbarrelflewintothestandstotheleftofhomeplate(theplacethattheplayerhastostandnexttoinordertohittheball,andthelastplacetheyhavetotouchtoscoreapoint)whereitreportedlystruckthefan.AccordingtoBostonpolice,thefanwastakentoBethIsraelDeaconessMedicalCenter,whereshe’scurrentlyreceivingtreatmentforherinjuries.Asecurityguardwhowitnessedtheaccidentsaidthewoman,whowassittingwithherhusbandandsonatthetime,sufferedseriousinjuries.Hersonsittingnearherwasterriblyfrightened.Anumberoffanswitnessedtheaccident,includingAlexMerlasofBrookline.“Brett__Lawriehittheballandthebatbrokeinhalfneartheendofthebat，”Merlassaid.“Ithitthefanonthetopofherforeheadandtherewasalotofbleeding.Idon’tthinkI’veeverseenthatmuchblood.”Thatgamewasdelayedtemporarilysothefancouldbetransportedtoanambulancewaitingatoneofthegatesinsidetheballpark.Fanswereleftshockedandshakenasthestadiumcrewcleanedupthescene.Playerscouldbeseendiscussingitaswell,asallwhowitnesseditwereobviouslyaffected.Thosewhowerewatchingtheaccidentwishedthewomanfanandherfamilytheverybest.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。一名棒球运动员用力挥棒击球导致球棒断裂，飞出去的球棒击中了一位在看台上的女球迷的脸，使她受了重伤。5.Thefirstparagraphofthetextisusedto________.A.attractreaders’attentiontothetopicB.introducethemeaningofthetopicC.makeacommentaboutthetopicD.providebackgroundtothetopic答案D[写作目的题。第一段讲述人们经常忽视棒球运动的危险，而下文讲述的就是棒球运动场上的一场事故，故第一段是全文的背景。]6.Whathitthewomanfan?A.Thehandle. B.Thebaseball.C.Thewholebat. D.Thebrokenbarrel.答案D[细节理解题。根据第二段中的beingstruckinthefacebythebarrelofabrokenbat及Thebrokenbarrel...struckthefan可知答案。]7.Theunderlinedpart“BrettLawrie”inParagraph3isthenameof________.A.aneyewitness B.asecurityguardC.asportsreporter D.abaseballplayer答案D[推理判断题。根据本句语境及第二段中的aplayerhittheballhard,causinghisbattobreakatthehandle可知，一名棒球运动员用力挥棒击球导致球棒断裂，故BrettLawrie是名棒球运动员的名字。]8.Thegamestoppedforashorttimeinorderto________.A.makesuretheplayerswerenotaffected B.takethewomantotheambulanceC.calmaudiencesdown D.lookintotheaccident答案B[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Thatgamewasdelayedtemporarilysothefancouldbetransportedtoanambulance可知答案。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五TwodaysbeforeChristmas,Iwasshoppinginalocalgrocerystore.Iboughtalotofvegetablesandsomefoodformytwochildren.MycartwasfullasIenteredthecheckoutlane(付款通道).__1__ItwasbeginningtosnowandIfoundthattheladylookedworried.__2__Iturnedbackandinsistedshegobeforeme.Shewassurprisedandthenshethankedmesincerely.__3__Wetookadvantageofthislittletimeandhadanicechataboutkindness.Itoldherthatsheseemedclosetomymother’sageandIhopedthatsomeonewoulddothesameforher.Afterhergoodsweretallied(清点),shewashandedareceipt.Herreceipthadamessagethatshewouldreceiveaspecialgiftforachildatcustomerservices.__4__AsIstoodthere,Ifeltthattheremayhavebeenachildthatwouldbenefitfromthatgiftinherownfamilyorcircleoffriendsandrealizedthatoneactofkindnesscouldhaveachainreaction.HadIdeniedmyselfthatopportunitytopracticethisrandomact,Iwouldhavereceivedthe“freegift”receipt.__5__Furthermore,byallowingmyselftheopportunitytoshowgenerosity,Ialsoreceivedagift—thesatisfactionofhelpingothers.A.Seeingthis,shewasdelighted.B.ShethoughtIwasjusttellingajoke.C.ButIknewinmyheartthatsheneededitmore.D.ItoccurredtomethatIshoulddosomethingforher.E.Therewerestillseveralpeoplewaitinginlinebeforeus.F.Alittleelderlyladywasbehindmewithafullcartaswell.G.IwasalittleworriedbecauseIwouldhavetowaitforatleasttenminutes.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。作者在商店排队结账时让一位老妇人优先结账，作者因此感受到了帮助别人的快乐。1.F[根据下一段中的Iturnedbackandinsistedshegobeforeme可推测，老妇人本来是“排在作者之后的”。]2.D[根据本段内容可知，作者“想到要为这位老妇人做些什么事”，因此他让老妇人排到自己前面，优先结账。]3.E[根据本空后一句Wetookadvantageofthislittletimeandhadanicechataboutkindness可推测，作者和老妇人的前面“仍然有一些人在排队”，所以他们利用等待的时间聊天。]4.A[根据本段内容可知，老妇人幸运地获得了礼品券，因此她应该很“高兴”。]5.C[如果作者不跟老妇人换位置的话，那么获得礼品券的人应该是作者，但是看到老妇人那么高兴，作者“从心里知道她更需要这个礼品券”。]B卷语言知识运用提能练(限时30′)Ⅲ.完形填空Thegreatestpleasureinlifeisputtingmypentopaperandsettingfreeallofmyideasanddreams.Fromthem,I’mabletocreatecompletelydifferentworlds,filledwithunusual__1__.Withintheseuniquefields,Icanbecome__2__intheexcitementthatonlyIcancreate.Forme,creative__3__ismymainformofemotionalrelease(情绪释放).Itismywayofspeakingwithouteverhavingtoopenmy__4__.Itstartedattheageoffive.My__5__pickedupacopyofTheVelveteenRabbit,whichremainsoneofmy__6__booksofalltime.Ilayinmybedpatiently，__7__withattentiveearsasmymotherreadthestoryofatoyrabbitthatmagicallybecame__8__throughtheunconditionalloveofayoungboy.Thestorybecamestuckinsidemy__9__.Itamazedmesomuchthatit__10__metowritemyownfictionalstory.Duringmytimeinkindergarten,wekidsweregivena(n)__11__towritestoriesanddrawourownillustrations(插图),and__12__onelittlecopyforourpersonaluse.I__13__thechance,andthen,mystorywasborn.Itwasaboutalonelytoydinosaur,whoseonly__14__wastobeboughtandlovedbysomeone.Irememberbeingso__15__mycreation,andfeelingthatIhadtruetalent.I__16__calleduponmyteachertohelpmeprintoutthestoryandpublishit.Ianxiouslyreturnedhomesoonafter,andI__17__gavethestorytomymothertoread.Aftercarefullyreadingthestory,she__18__andgavemeabighug,tellingmeitwasa__19__story.Sincethen,I’vewrittenothershortstories,andIstill__20__towritewhenIhavetime.【语篇解读】本文为记叙文，题材为日常生活类。小时候妈妈给作者读的一篇童话故事开启了她的写作之旅。1.A.characters B.experimentsC.gifts D.authors答案A[由上句的puttingmypentopaper和createcompletelydifferentworlds可知，作者认为她所创造的这个文学世界中充满了各种奇特的人物(characters)。]2.A.hidden B.lostC.frightened D.tired答案B[由本空后的excitement可知，在这个奇特的文学世界，作者沉浸在(lost)只有自己能创造出的快乐中。]3.A.performing B.designingC.thinking D.writing答案D[由文章开头的puttingmypentopaper可知，创造性写作(writing)是作者释放情绪的一种主要方式。]4.A.eyesB.armsC.mouthD.heart答案C[由本空前的speaking可知，作者认为写作是一种不用张口(mouth)就能表达自己的方式。]5.A.teacher B.fatherC.classmate D.mother答案D[第7空后的mymotherreadthestoryofatoyrabbit有提示。作者的母亲(mother)拿起了一本书。]6.A.chemical B.scientificC.favorite D.popular答案C[由本空前后的remains和alltime可知，那本书直到现在仍然是作者最喜欢的(favorite)书之一。]7.A.reading B.rememberingC.waiting D.listening答案D[根据本空后的ears和mymotherread可知，作者躺在床上，认真听(listening)妈妈读《绒布小兔子》。]8.A.realB.illC.worriedD.broken答案A[由本空前的atoyrabbitthatmagicallybecame...可知，这只玩具兔子在一个小男孩的关爱下魔幻般地变成了真(real)兔子。]9.A.bookB.mindC.sightD.house答案B[那个故事从那时起就一直留在作者的脑海里(mind)。]10.A.encouraged B.forbadeC.begged D.permitted答案A[由本空前amazed可知，这个故事让作者感到非常惊奇，以至于激励(encouraged)她写出自己的故事。]11.A.desireB.chanceC.orderD.reason答案B[第13空后的chance有提示。在上幼儿园时，老师给了小朋友一个写作的机会(chance)。]12.A.publishB.sendC.buyD.collect答案A[由第16空后的printoutthestoryandpublishit可知，老师让小朋友写出故事并配上插画，然后会打印出(publish)一份。]13.A.ranoutof B.gavewaytoC.tookadvantageof D.lookedforwardto答案C[由本空后的mystorywasborn可知，作者利用了(tookadvantageof)这个机会，写出了她的第一篇故事。]14.A.excuse B.ruleC.challenge D.dream答案D[由本空前后的lonely和boughtandloved可知，它是一只孤独的玩具恐龙，它唯一的梦想(dream)就是被人买走并得到关爱。]15.A.sorryfor B.proudofC.badat D.honestabout答案B[由本空后truetalent得出，作者对自己写出的故事特别自豪(proudof)，并感觉她有写作天赋。]16.A.excitedly B.hopelesslyC.calmly D.angrily答案A[根据上句作者的心情可知，她写出了自己满意的故事，所以兴奋地(excitedly)把老师叫了过来。]17.A.sadly B.impatientlyC.immediately D.suddenly答案C[由本空前的anxiouslyreturned判断，作者心急火燎地回到家，迫不及待地(immediately)让妈妈读她的故事。]18.A.apologized B.smiledC.objected D.yawned答案B[由本空后的bighug可知，妈妈笑了(smiled)，给了作者一个大大的拥抱，并且告诉作者她写了一个精彩的(wonderful)故事。]19.A.true B.terribleC.false D.wonderful答案D[参考上题解析。]20.A.pretend B.forgetC.continue D.hesitate答案C[由第5空前的attheageoffive和本空前的Sincethen，I’vewrittenothershortstories可知，从那时起，作者开始写短篇故事，直到现在，当她有时间时，她仍然继续(continue)